Immunology PBL 1 by NUR DZUHAILA AINA BINTI DZAHRIN / UPM https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66 G 11: Immuno Potter en-us 2021-10-29 15:04:35 UTC 2026-03-08 19:57:17 UTC hello@padlet.com What we know? 20031716 https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1855327089 1. B cells are a type of white blood cell that makes antibodies.

2. B cells differentiate into plasma cells and memory cells once activated.  

3. B cells are part of the immune system and develop from stem cells in the bone marrow which is primary lymphoid tissue.]]> 2021-10-30 09:50:39 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1855327089 Want to know? https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1860850120 1. The primary and secondary activation of B cells.

2. How B cells require help from APC cell & T cell.

3. How B cells undergo activation and produce antibody.]]> 2021-11-02 06:45:07 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1860850120 What we learned https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907771002 2021-11-23 07:15:58 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907771002 What we know? https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907772281 -PRR-PAMP interaction
-Major types of macrophage]]> 2021-11-23 07:16:46 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907772281 What we know? https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907772709 -Complement pathway is under innate immunity response of the animal. 
-There are 3 pathway: Classical, Lectin and Alternative]]> 2021-11-23 07:16:54 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907772709 What we know? https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907772927 2021-11-23 07:17:03 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907772927 Want to know? https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907773380 - How macrophages work? The pathways?
- Further details on the type?]]> 2021-11-23 07:17:18 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907773380 What we learned https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907775138
Q1: What are cascade pathways? What other process uses cascade pathway?
-a series of chemical reactions that occur within a biological cell when initiated by a stimulus and blood clotting mechanism also uses cascade pathways

Q2: Main differences between antibody and complement?

Complement is under innate immunity and heat sensitive (easy to be destroy under heat) and enhance the ability of antibody while antibody is under adaptive immunity and more heat stable(able to stay functioning longer than complement proteins after under heat stresses)

]]> 2021-11-23 07:18:27 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907775138 What we learned https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907775333 2021-11-23 07:18:34 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907775333 What we learned https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907775697 What are the pathways of activation?
Classical activation are characterized by activation through cytokines action TNF-A, IL-6, IL-12 etc. Alternative pathways are by activation through TGF-B, IL-4,IL-13 etc. 

Classical pathways produce Type-1 Macrophages which are pro-inflammatory and functions in host defense such in bactericidal activity.
Alternative  pathways produce Type-2 Macrophages which are anti-inflammatory and functions in immune regulation and tissue remodeling.]]> 2021-11-23 07:18:49 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907775697 Want to know? https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907776080 -How complement pathway being activated?
-What is the detailed mechanism of each 3 complement pathway?
-The function of complement pathway]]> 2021-11-23 07:19:05 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907776080 Want to know? https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907776471 2021-11-23 07:19:19 UTC https://padlet.com/20031716/o5h1ue5w8l46oo66/wish/1907776471