chemistry notes by Sanchita Dhareshwar https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm help en-us 2019-02-06 05:40:09 UTC 2019-05-03 12:53:04 UTC hello@padlet.com CHEMISTRY sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328114526 2019-02-06 05:42:05 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328114526 CH301 ( intro to chem) sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328114571 - periodic table
- elements, compounds and mixtures

]]> 2019-02-06 05:42:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328114571 The Periodic Table sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328114789 - describe the arrangement of elements in the periodic table in order of increasing atomic number

- distinguish between the terms group and period
:

- distinguish]]> 2019-02-06 05:45:51 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328114789 group sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328115567
- vertical column in the periodic table
- runs vertically from top to bottom
- number corresponds to number of valence electrons for groups 1 and 2]]> 2019-02-06 05:54:56 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328115567 CH302 (chemical bonding and structure) sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328115650 - electronic configuration 
- ionic bonding
- covalent bonding 
- metallic bonding
- intermolecular forces]]> 2019-02-06 05:56:09 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328115650 Electronic Configuration sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328116521 - state the relative masses and charges of protons, neutrons and electrons

- apply the relationship between the electron arrangement of elements and their position in the periodic table up to Z= 20



]]> 2019-02-06 06:08:04 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328116521 Ionic Bonding sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328126317 - describe ionic bonding as the electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions

- describe how ions can be formed as a result of electron transfer:

-  when elements in grp 1,2 and 13 lose electrons, they form positive ions or cations

- when elements in grp 15-17 gain electrons, they form negative ions or anions

- transition elements form more than one ion

- predict whether a compound or two elements would be ionic from the position of the elements in the periodic table

- state the formula of common polyatomic ions formed by non-metals in the periods 2 and 3

- describe the lattice structure of ionic compounds

- compare and explain the properties of ionic compounds resulting from its bonding



]]> 2019-02-06 07:26:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328126317 chemical formula sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328136582 -shows the ratio of diff types of ions

- derived by balancing the charges on positive ions with those on negative ions (net charge = 0)


]]> 2019-02-06 08:10:35 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328136582 definition sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328137287 electrostatic attraction between oppositely charged ions (metals and non metals)]]> 2019-02-06 08:13:35 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328137287 formation sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328137453 formed when one or more electrons are transferred from the valence shell of one atom to the valence shell of another atom for both atoms to attain an octet configuration]]> 2019-02-06 08:14:26 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328137453 structure of ionic compounds sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328152493 - giant ionic crystal lattice structure
consisting of oppositely charged ions attracted together by ionic bonds

-naturally exist in solid state

- regular arrangement of ions throughout the whole stucture

]]> 2019-02-06 09:15:15 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328152493 physical properties of ionic compounds sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328155087 - high melting and boiling points (low volatility)

- hard and brittle

- non- electrical conductors in solid state but good electrical conductors when molten or dissolved in aqueous solution ( if soluable

- usually soluble in water but insoluble in organic solvents
]]> 2019-02-06 09:25:02 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328155087 low volatility sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328156085 large amounts of energy required to overcome strong forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions in giant ionic lattice structure during a change in physical state

- solid at room temperature and pressure.[non-volatile]

- have high melting and boiling points]]> 2019-02-06 09:28:49 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328156085 hard and brittle sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328160253 hard bc ionic bonds are strong and non-directional,

brittle bc ordered arrangement of oppositely charged ions in the giant crystal lattice can be easily dislocated when force is applied ]]> 2019-02-06 09:44:03 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/328160253 strong electrostatic forces holding together the giant lattice structure requires a large amount of energy to break apart ionic bon sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330204463 2019-02-12 06:31:54 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330204463 electrical conductivity sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330205347 non-conductors in solid state

- ions are held in fixed positions by strong ionic bonds[no free-moving ions to move around] in the giant ionic lattice structure and are not free to conduct electricity

conducts in molten and aqueous states

-presence of free-moving ions to carry electric current, can conduct electricity]]> 2019-02-12 06:41:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330205347 solubility sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330205411 usually soluble in water
-aqueous solvent

 but not in organic solvents]]> 2019-02-12 06:42:22 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330205411 structure, forces, amount of heat sannie_dh7 https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330205901 2019-02-12 06:46:33 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330205901 different groups shobitha_nathan https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330275541 group 1
alkali metals
group 2
alkali earth metals
grp 17
halogens
group 3 to 13
transition elements]]> 2019-02-12 11:37:25 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330275541 grp 1,2,13 shobitha_nathan https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330276697 are metals they tend to lose electrons to form cations-positive ions
  • The charge of the ion is the same as the group number forming it for grp 1 and 2
]]> 2019-02-12 11:40:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330276697 grp 14 shobitha_nathan https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330276803 The elements in grp 14 less likely to form ions -they share electrons to form covalent bonds


]]> 2019-02-12 11:41:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330276803 grp 15 to 17 shobitha_nathan https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330276899 They tend to gain electrons to form anions-negative ions]]> 2019-02-12 11:41:30 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330276899 The positive and negative ions are attracted to each other by forces known as the electrostatic force of attraction. This force that holds by the oppositely charged particles together is called the ionic bond shobitha_nathan https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330278099 2019-02-12 11:45:53 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330278099 definition of volatile shobitha_nathan https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330279106 A substance is said to be volatile if it boils at a low temperature, changing from the liquid to the gas phase.

Substances that are gases at room temperature are extremely volatile: they have high volatility. They can only be seen as liquids when exposed to low temperatures or high pressures.


]]> 2019-02-12 11:49:30 UTC https://padlet.com/sannie_dh7/ny2psr419mcm/wish/330279106