biology final exam study guide by GEORGE COATS https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars Made with en-us 2016-12-05 17:08:15 UTC 2025-10-22 19:30:45 UTC hello@padlet.com - Photosynthesis1- Inputs/ outputs (reactants vs products) 2- Chemical formula 3- Chloroplast 4- Light-Dependent Cycle5- Calvin Cycle6- How light energy is transformed into chemical energy georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141823955 1. Inputs/H2o, Co2  outputs/ O2 , CH2o (sugar)
2. Chemical formula. 6CO2+6H2O ---> C6H12O6 + 6O2. 
3.chloroplast is the green part of the plant where photosynthesis takes place. 
4. The light dependent cycle uses water and light to create oxygen and Nadph and atp 
5. The Calvin cycle uses atp, nadph, and Co2 to create ch2o (sugar) 
6. Light goes in to the chlorophyll making light energy then to sugar and then to ATP or chemical energy.


]]> 2016-12-05 17:46:39 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141823955 - Laws1- Law of Conservation of Matter2- Law of Conservation of Energy3- Law of Conservation of Mass-Energy (E=MC^2)4- How is energy equal to matter? georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824112 1. Matter can not be created nor distroyed 
2. Energy remains constant, like matter it can not be created or distroyed but can change form. 
3. in which E represents units of energy, m represents units of mass, and c 2 is the speed of light squared, or multiplied by itself. ( of google )
4. Matter is put into motivation by Conetic energy.

]]> 2016-12-05 17:47:07 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824112 - Carbon Cycle 1- Cellular Respiration 2- Products of Photosynthesis = Reactants of Cellular Respiration 3- CO2 emissions georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824213 1. Cellular respiration is what you exhale for example we release carbon dioxide.
2. Photosynthesis releases oxygen cellular respiration releases carbon dioxide this creates a cycle one takes in what the other releases. 
3.CO2 emissions is carbon dioxide being released. And we have way to much of that due to the large amounts of fossil fuel being released. ]]> 2016-12-05 17:47:28 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824213 - Food Web Energy Pyramid 1- the transfer of energy in a ecosystem 2- Autotrophs (producers)3- Heterotrophs (Consumers)4- Herbivore, Omnivore, Carnivore 5- Decomposers 6- Amount of energy that is available at each level 7- How much energy is transfered at each level georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824366 1. To transfer energy in an ecosystem you have to consume food for energy.
2. Autotrophs make there own food through photosynthesis, they get 100% energy 
3. Heterotrophs have to eat to get energy 
4.Herbivores eat only plants. omnivores are lik most humans they eat both plants and meat. Carnivors only eat meat.
5. Decomposers break down matter of dead organisms. 
6.producers 100% , primary consumers 10% , secondary consumers 1%, tiertiary consumer .1% 
7. Every level has 10% transferred.




]]> 2016-12-05 17:47:55 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824366 - Biomolecules1- Proteins, Lipids, Carbohydrates, Nucleic Acids2- Elements (C, H, O, N, P, S)3- The structure of the major Biomolecules 4- How do the products of photosynthesis become amino acids? georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824501 1. Proteins- eggs, meat, certain vegetables 
Lipids- fats,oils,waxes,steroids 
Carbohydrates- breads,starches,noodles 
Nucleic acids- DNA, RNA 
2. Elements (C,H,O,N,P,S) C-carbon
H-Hydrogen O-Oxygen N-Nitrogen P-phosphate S-Sulfur 
3. Four major biomolecules structure 
4. The sugar is used as energy to start forming amino acids

]]> 2016-12-05 17:48:18 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824501 Essential Questions to answer:1- How are photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration related to one another in the Biosphere? 2- What role does photosynthesis play in altering Earth's atmosphere?3- If cells can produce chemical energy in an anaerobic environment, why do we need oxygen?4- How is energy transformed and matter utilized by living things?5- What role do photosynthesis and cellular respiration play in the recycling of carbon? georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824617 1. They are related because they create the help to cycle with one another photosynthesis gives out oxygen and takes in Co2 and cellular respiration gives off Co2 and takes in oxygen. 
2. Photosynthesis helps to alter the large amounts of carbon dioxide in the earths atmosphere by Turing a little of it in to oxygen. 
3.we need oxygen for a electron transport. 
4. Energy is made into glucose which is then stored and used when needed.
5.they both keep a cycle by one taking in the other, keeping a balance .]]> 2016-12-05 17:48:43 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/141824617 Notes review georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/142707440 1. Two types of respiration- Aerobic respiration ( requires oxygen) and Anaerobic respiration ( does not require oxygen) 
 2. Main stages of respiration, 1 glycolysis (anaerobic) 2 Krebs cycle ( aerobic) 3. Electron transport ( aerobic) 
3.Glycolysis occurs in cytoplasm. Krebs cycle and electron transport chain occurs in mitochondria. 
4. Glycolysis is oxidized to produce two molecules ofpyruvic acid 
5. ATP used to convert glucose(sugar) into two molecules of PGAL 
6.PGAL is oxidized into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
7. Pyruvic acid is 3-carbon compound
8. When PGAL is oxidized two molecules of NAD will be reduced to form two molecules of NADH this is used in electron transport chain.
9. PGAL oxidized makes 4ATP 
10. Pyruvic acid goes into mitochondria for Kerberos cycle.
11. Pyruvic acid might also stay in cytoplasm for fermentation. ]]> 2016-12-09 00:53:56 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/142707440 georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/142923575 2016-12-09 23:02:34 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/142923575 HELPFUL VIDEO georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/142923589 https://youtu.be/mYbMPwmwx88https://youtu.be/mYbMPwmwx88]]> 2016-12-09 23:03:03 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/142923589 CELLULAR RESPIRATION georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/143513319 https://youtu.be/2f7YwCtHcgkhttps://youtu.be/2f7YwCtHcgk]]> 2016-12-14 02:14:17 UTC https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/143513319 new study georgecoats001 https://padlet.com/georgecoats001/cougars/wish/144352042 photosynthesis 
not all wave lengths are absorbed or reflected thylacoid  reflects
light dependent takes place in thylacoids. 
Calvin cycle takes place in stroma
input for light dependent are water and light/ outputs are oxygen ATP NADPH 
input for calvin cycle are carbondioxide and ATP NADPH output is glucose 

equation c6 + 6H2O = oxygen and glocuse 

energy levels in an ecosystem
hydrotrouf  and autotrouph 

main energy trapping molecule in a plant is chlorophyll 

thylacoid is where light is being trapped .

Main molecules - lipids proteins carbohydrates nucleic acids 
cellular respiration uses carbohydrates 
mono saccharine simplest glucose 
disacchrine fructose sucrose 
poly saccharine cellulose 
water polar-positive and negative 
polar covenant bond 
amino acids building blocks of protein 
difference in osmosis and diffusion 
enzyme protein speeds up reaction and lows activation energy. 
enzyme binds to substrate on active site.  
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