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The Johnson-Reed Act was passed by the 68th Congress of the United States and was proposed by Representative Albert Johnson and Senator David Reed. It was signed into law by President Calvin Coolidge on May 26, 1924.

The act significantly lowered the quota for immigrants and banned all immigrants from Asia from entering America. The law set quotas based on how many immigrants from the specific country were living in the United States during the 1890 census. 

This act was extremely controvertial especially to the Asian immigrants currently living in the United States. President Calvin Coolidge defended the act, stating, "Restricted immigration is not an offensive but purely a defensive action. It is not adopted in criticism of others in the slightest degree, but solely for the purpose of protecting ourselves. We cast no aspersions on any race or creed, but we must remember that every object of our institutions of society and government will fail unless America be kept American."

The act was a response to the growing concerns about immigration in the aftermath of World War I and the Russian Revolution. Many Americans feared that immigrants from places in Eastern and Southern Europe posed a threat to American democracy and national security. Before the act was proposed congress created the Dillingham Commission in 1907 to study the impact of immigration on the United States, which produced a series of reports over the next several years that talked about the supposed negative effects of immigration, particularly from Southern and Eastern Europe.

In 1921, Congress passed the Emergency Quota Act which restricted the number of immigrants who could be admitted to the United States each year to 3% of the total number of foreign-born persons from each country who lived in the United States in 1910.

In 1924, Congress passed the Johnson-Reed Act, which replaced the Emergency Quota Act and established a new system of immigration quotas based on national origins. The law set quotas based on the number of immigrants from each country already living in the United States in 1890, when immigration from these regions was low. The quota depended on how many current immigrants from that place lived in the United States during the 1890 census. The Act completely banned all immigrants from Asia.

The 1924 Immigration Act set a precedent for decades in the future marking the start of the "Immigration Scare". It showed how quickly citizens could be fear mongered into believing that immigrants were the cause of their problems. The law stayed in effect until 1965, which significantly impacted the diversity of the American population.

The 1924 Immigration Act and the immigration changes during the Trump Administration have a significant connection. Both were marked by policies that wanted to limit immigration and impose restrictions on certain ethnic groups. The Trump Administration implemented a series of policies, including the Muslim Ban, the ending of the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program, and the separation of families at the border, which drew criticism for their discriminatory nature. These policies are very similar to the 1924 Immigration Act which banned all immigrants from Asia, and make extremely small quotas to allow new immigrants from eastern Europe.

In conclusion, the 1924 Immigration Act had a significant impact on immigration in the United States, and its effects can still be felt today. It was a reflection of the political climate at the time, which was marked by fear and suspicion towards immigrants, particularly those from Southern and Eastern Europe.

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