Name : Muhammad Syaffiq bin Mohd Kamal

Contact No : 010-536 9030

Course : ECONS

Email : syaffiqkamal@gmail.com

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The word adab ( أ د ب ) is an Arabic term that broadly means “ etiquette “, “ manner”,

or “ good conduct” . It refers to the proper way of behaving, encompassing respect, morality, and cultural refinement. In Islamic and literary traditions, adab also includes knowledge, wisdom, and ethical behaviour in social interactions.

In conclusion, Muslim must practice adab in seeking knowledge in their life as it is important to seek Allah’s pleasure

THE INTERPRETATION OF HADIS JIBRIL

Hadith Jibril is one of the most important and comprehensive hadiths in Islam. It narrates an incident in which the Angel Jibril (Gabriel) came to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in the form of a man and asked him several questions about Islam, Iman (faith), Ihsan (spiritual excellence), the signs of the Hour (the Day of Judgment), and destiny.

5 PILLAR OF ISLAM

1. Shahada ( Testimony of Faith )

The declaration of faith :

“ I bear witness there is no god but Allah and I bear witness that Prophet Muhammad is His messenger “

• This is the declaration of faith, affirming belief in the oneness of Allah and the prophethood of Muhammad (PBUH).

2. Salah ( Prayer )

The five daily prayers performed at specific times :

• FAJR - before dawn

  
  

• DHUHR - midday

  
  

• ASR - afternoon

  
  

• MAGHRIB - after sunset

  
  

• ISHA - night

Prayer strengthens the connection between the believer and Allah.

3. Zakat

• Muslims are required to give 2.5% of their annual savings to the poor and needy.

• Zakat is only obligatory for those who meet a minimum wealth threshold (Nisab).

4. Sawm

• Muslims fast from dawn to sunset during the month of Ramadan.

• Fasting means abstaining from food, drink, and sinful behaviour.

• It develops self-discipline, gratitude, and spiritual purification.

5. Hajj ( Pligrimage to Mecca )

• A Muslim must perform Hajj at least once in a lifetime, if financially and physically able

• It takes place in Dhul-Hijjah, the last month of the Islamic calendar.

• Pilgrims wear simple white garments (Ihram) and perform rituals including:

  • Circling the Kaaba ( Tawaf ).

  • Standing at Arafat for prayer and repentance.

  • Symbolically stoning the devil (Ramy al-Jamarat).

1. Belief in Allah

• Muslims believe in one God, Allah, who is the Creator, Sustainer, and Lord of everything.

• He has no partners, no children, and nothing is equal to Him (Tawhid “ the oneness of God).

• Allah has 99 Names that describe His attributes (e.g., Ar-Rahman “ The Most Merciful, Al-Khaliq “ The Creator).

2. Belief in Angels (Iman bil-Mala’ika)

• Angels (Mala’ika) are created from light and serve Allah.

• They have no free will and obey Allah’s commands.

• Some important angels include:

  • Jibril (Gabriel) - Brought revelation to prophets.

  • Mikail (Micheal) - Controls rain and sustenance.

  • Israfil - Will blow the trumpet on the Day of Judgment.

  • Malik & Ridwan - Guardians of Hell and Paradise.

3. Belief in the Divine Books (Iman bil-Kutub)

• Muslims believe Allah revealed scriptures to His messengers to guide humanity.

• The four main revealed books are:

  • Tawrat (Torah) - Given to Prophet Musa (Moses, PBUH).

  • Zabur (Psalms) - Given to Prophet Daud (David, PBUH).

  • Injil (Gospel) - Given to Prophet Isa

  • Quran - Given to Prophet Muhammad

The last three Rukun Iman (Pillars of Faith) are:

4. Belief in the Messengers (Iman bil-Rusul)

• Muslims believe that Allah sent prophets and messengers to guide humanity.

• The first prophet was Adam (AS), and the final messenger is Muhammad (PBUH).

• Some of the major prophets include Nuh (Noah), Ibrahim (Abraham), Musa (Moses), Isa (Jesus), and Muhammad (peace be upon them all).

• Prophets were human beings chosen by Allah, and Muhammad (PBUH) is the Seal of the Prophets (Khatam an-Nabiyyin).

5. Belief in the Last Day (Iman bil-Yawm al-Akhir)

• Muslims believe in the Day of Judgment, when everyone will be resurrected and held accountable for their deeds.

• Events of the Last Day include:

  • The blowing of the Trumpet by Israfil to signal the end of the world.

  • The resurrection of all humans for judgment.

  • The weighing of deeds on the Scale (Mizan).

  • The crossing of As-Sirat (the bridge over Hellfire).

  • The ultimate reward of Jannah (Paradise) or punishment in Jahannam (Hell).

6. Belief in Qadar (Divine Decree) (Iman bil-Qadr)

• Muslims believe that everything happens by the will and knowledge of Allah.

• This includes both good and bad events.

• Four aspects of Qadar:

  
  

1. Allah’s Knowledge - He knows everything before it happens.

2. Allah’s Writing - Everything is recorded in Al-Lawh al-Mahfuz (The Preserved Tablet).

3. Allah’s Will - Nothing happens except by His permission.

4. Allah’s Creation - He created everything, including our actions.

• Even though everything is predestined, humans have free will and are responsible for their choices.

These Six Pillars of Iman define a Muslim’ s faith and belief system.

Ihsan in Islam means spiritual excellence -worshiping and living as if you see Allah, even though you cannot see Him, knowing that He sees you. It represents the highest level of faith, going beyond just belief (Iman) and practice (Islam) to a deep sense of sincerity and devotion.

Practical Aspects of Ihsan

• In Worship: Praying, fasting, and doing good deeds with sincerity (Ikhlas), not just as a routine.

• In Character: Being kind, patient, forgiving, and treating others with the best manners.

• In Work and Actions: Striving for excellence in everything, whether in worship, relationships, or daily life.

Why is Ihsan Important?

• It brings a stronger connection with Allah.

• It ensures sincerity (Ikhlas), making acts of worship meaningful.

• It leads to inner peace and higher rewards in the Hereafter.

In conclusion, Ihsan is the highest level, where actions are done with sincerity, devotion, and deep awareness of Allah. Practicing Ihsan in our life brings inner peace, strengthens faith and gain Allah’s pleasure.

• When performing any act of Ibadah, one must have the right intention ensuring its only for Allah

Applying the right 'amal (practices)

• Performing Ibadah according to the Islamic teachings such as praying with khusyu'

Internalizing the ihsân (positive virtues)

• Developing good character traits such as patience and kindness

• Prayer strengthens discipline, respectful and connection

  
  

Sawm

• Fasting building patience and empathy toward less fortune

  
  

Zakah

• Giving charity purifies our wealth, help who in need and promote social equity

  
  

Hajj

• The pilgrimage foster unity, humanity and sense of brotherhood

• Purification before prayer ensure physical and spiritual cleanliness

  
  

Condition for Acceptance of Salah

• Prayer must be performed with sincerity, at the right time and following proper methods

  
  

Pillars of Salah

• Essential components of Salah such as recitation surah Al-Fatihah, bow(rukuk) and sujood

  
  

Applications of Salah

(jama', qasar)

• Adjustment in prayer for certain circumstances, travelling (jama' and qasar)

• Total obedience to Allah

  
  

Al-Jihad (Struggle in the path of Allah)

• Striving to improve oneself

  
  

Muhasabah (Reflection)

• Self-reflection on one's deeds

  
  

'Iffah (Modesty/self-restraint from sinful behaviour)

• Controlling desires and avoid sinful acts

  
  

Tawaddu (Humility/Humbleness)

• Being humble before Allah and others

• Develop self-discipline and endurance

  
  

Takrim (Respect and deference)

• Treat other with kindness and dignity

  
  

Rahmah (Friendliness)

• Empathy to others

• Willingness to give up wordily comforts too spiritual growth

Taqwa

• Developing awareness towards Allah in all aspects