NUR137 Multicultural Blog by https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz en-us 2023-10-05 04:05:26 UTC 2023-10-11 13:49:11 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f30e.png My definition of health morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2733221848 Health to me means that I am content with all the physical, mental, and spiritual components of my life. Health also means to me that I am able to function with day-to-day life such as work, university, and all of my other activities that I do from week to week. If I did not have my health, I would not be able to do the things that I love which includes not being able to see the people that I love or do the things that I love which would further diminish my health even more. To maintain my health, I do this by making sure that I exercise and eat a healthy and well balanced diet as well as meditate and practice self-care regularly.]]> 2023-10-05 04:14:30 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2733221848 Domain 7: Professional practice from the ‘CulturallyResponsive Clinical Practice: How I endeavour to apply one of the competency standards from this domain to my nursing practice. morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2736251859 One of the competency standards that I have chosen to focus on for my future nursing practice is standard 12.1, "Clinicians develop and maintain an awareness of their own culture, beliefs, values and biases, and their impact on the clinician’s interactions in healthcare settings." (Competency standards framework for clinicians 2019). What this standard means to me is that when I am a registered nurse, I have to be aware of how I interact with patients from other cultural backgrounds. For example I have to maintain my respect towards these patients for when they choose to display their cultural beliefs. In the position that I am in now, I feel that I have a good understanding of cultural competency and cultural safety, but I have never had practice of this in a healthcare setting. As I am from a cultural background, I understand that certain cultures have many belief systems and customs and I do not feel that I would display any type of bias towards people who choose to display their practices.]]> 2023-10-07 03:59:12 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2736251859 Social determinants and their relationship to migrant and refugee health in Australia morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2736318005 Income and social protection - Refugees and migrants who arrive in Australia without any form of documentation are immediately detained within a detention facility (Au et al. 2019). Families that are imprisoned in these camps can stay there for up to 2 years before being able to join the Australian community which therefore means there are no means for income, which there for means very low levels of social protection. Refugees and asylum seekers who have been detained for a long period of time then face other life complications such as developing severe mental illnesses such as severe depression and anxiety as well as other physical illnesses which will therefore affect the ability upon release to maintain an occupation and therefore a flow of income (Refugee Council of Australia 2020). Refugees and asylum seekers who have been granted access into the Australian community are granted health benefits as well as general health assessments (Au et al. 2019), but are not granted with any income assistance from the Australian Government (Refugee Council of Australia 2020). With no income assistance from the Government, this can lead to other issues regrading refugees and asylum seekers such as homelessness, poverty, and further repercussions on physical and mental health.

Access to affordable health services of decent quality - Refugees upon first entering Australia often have higher rates of physical illnesses and mental illnesses even before entering Australia due to the journey that they have endured (RACGP 2023). This is worsened upon a refugee or asylum seeker entering a detention centre as there are no quality healthcare facilities within the centres. Even when a refugee or asylum seeker have not been detained, there are still struggles for them to access adequate healthcare due to barriers such as language, trauma, culture, and socioeconomic disadvantage (RACGP 2023).

Unemployment and job insecurity - Refugees who possess job skill qualities from their homeland, are usually failed to be recognised in Australia (Australian Red Cross 2023). Most job opportunities in Australia require workers to be citizens or permanent residents meaning that working visas are essentially deemed as 'useless' (Australian Red Cross 2023). With job insecurity, this can then lead refugee workers to enter unsafe working environments due to the need to seek reliable income which further leads to workplace injuries, illnesses, further job insecurity, and job loss (Cain et al. 2021).]]> 2023-10-07 07:53:39 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2736318005 Common health concerns for refugees and asylum seekers from Syria morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741723895 Mental health: Syria is among one of the countries with the highest number of refugees and asylum seekers in the world with a total of 6.5 million people. Mental health is one of the biggest concerns for these people due to the trauma that they have been exposed too. These traumas include country conflict, separation from family, significant violations of human rights, torture, and sexual violence (Singleton et al. 2023). Not only is there stressors from a refugee or asylum seeker's coming from Syria, but new stressors are developed upon arriving in a new country such as language barriers, cultural shocks, and housing and income instability (Singleton et al. 2023). Upon arrival, Syrian refugees and asylum seekers should undergo a full assessment for emotional wellbeing and mental health as part of a full health screen, as well a suicide risk assessment to ensure safety within the people.

Non-communicable diseases (NCD'S): NCD's include obesity, diabetes, hypertension, various cancers, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (Walker & Chaves 2023). These diseases are usually seen upon arrival from Syria. These diseases are usually caused by factors such as excessive use of tobacco products, poor diet, excessive consumption of alcohol, limited physical activity, and anxiety (Walker & Chaves 2023). Treatment factors for these disease can include proper health screening and record amongst arrival, addiction counselling, thorough health screening of diseases such as diabetes and COPD, and dietician consultation. 

Sexual health - Sexually transmitted infections (STI's) can also be a risk factor amongst Syrian refugees and asylum seekers due to people escaping a background pertaining sexual violence. STI's that are common among a refugee population are chlamydia, syphilis, genital herpes/warts, and HIV. Other repercussions that are faced by refugee women are unwanted pregnancies (Thambiran et al. 2023). Treatment options for these infections include full STI screening upon arrival, pregnancy testing as well as counselling for methods of birth control, and antibiotic administration for displayed symptoms of diseases such as chalmydia (Thambiran et al. 2023) ]]> 2023-10-11 12:30:56 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741723895 References morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741760312 Au, M., Anandakumar, A., Preston, R., Ray, R., & Davis, M. (2019). A model explaining refugee experiences of the Australian healthcare system: A systematic review of refugee perceptions. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 19(22), 435-438. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12914-019-0206-6
 
Australian Red Cross. (2023). Hire refugees and asylum seekers. https://www.redcross.org.au/act/help-refugees/hire-refugees-and-asylum-seekers/
 
Cain, P., Daly, A., & Reid, A. (2021). How refugees experience the Australian workplace: A comparative mixed methods study. Journal of Environmental Research Public Health, 18(8), 4023-4030. 10.3390/ijerph18084023
 
Refugee Council of Australia. (2020). Australia’s detention policies. https://www.refugeecouncil.org.au/detention-policies/3/
 
Singleton, G., Hocking, D, Gardiner, J., & Paxton, G. (2023). Mental health. Australian Refugee Health Practice Guide. https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/mental-health/
 
The Royal Australian College of General Practitioners. (2023). Healthcare for people from refugee backgrounds and people seeking asylum. https://www.racgp.org.au/advocacy/position-statements/view-all-position-statements/health-systems-and-environmental/healthcare-for-refugees-and-asylum-seekers
 
Thambiran, A., Smith, M., & Clifford, V. (2023). Sexually transmissible infections (STI’s). Refugee Health Practice Guide. https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/sexually-transmissible-infections-stis/
 
Walker, K., & Chaves, N. (2023). Chronic non-communicable diseases in adults. Refugee Health Practice Guide. https://refugeehealthguide.org.au/chronic-non-communicable-diseases-in-adults/
]]> 2023-10-11 12:55:18 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741760312 Introduction from me morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741766910 This video explains a little bit about my families from both my mum and my dads side. ]]> 2023-10-11 12:59:11 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741766910 My beliefs morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741798591 This video explains a little bit more about my cultural beliefs from both my European background and Australian background.]]> 2023-10-11 13:18:38 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741798591 Lemonade scone recipe morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741813849 This dish is a recipe that my Nan and I used to make when I visited her.

Ingredients:
  • 300g (2 cups) self-raising flour, sifted
  • 55g (1/4 cup) caster sugar
  • 125ml (1/2 cup) thick cream
  • 125ml (1/2 cup) lemonade
  • 40ml (2 tbsp) milk
  • Jam, to serve
  • Whipped cream, to serve

Method:
Step 1
  • Preheat the oven to 220C. Lightly grease a baking tray.
Step 2
  • Place the flour, sugar and 1/2 teaspoon salt in a large bowl. Add the cream and lemonade and mix to form a soft dough. 
  • Turn out onto a lightly floured workbench and knead lightly until combined. 
  • Press the dough with your hands to a thickness of about 2cm. 
  • Use a 6cm round cutter to cut out 8 scones, place on baking tray and brush the tops with some milk. Re-roll scraps to make a few extra scones. 
  • Bake for 10-15 minutes until lightly browned. Serve warm with jam and whipped cream.

Recipe and photo retrieved from: https://www.taste.com.au/recipes/lemonade-scones/292387e6-4dcf-4c72-b8e6-e903384d1c34


]]> 2023-10-11 13:27:04 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741813849 My family morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741836277 This photo was taken at my Nonna's 80th birthday celebration in 2018. This photo is very significant to me as it is one of the last photos I had with her.]]> 2023-10-11 13:38:42 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741836277 My family morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741842290 This photo is with my dads side of my family. Here we were celebrating my cousins 18th birthday.]]> 2023-10-11 13:42:14 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741842290 My spiritual beliefs morris51002_ https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741855053 This is what I like to refer to as my "alter". From time to time I like to look and reflect upon it when I am in my room. I believe in such spiritual aspects as reading tarot cards, writing in a reflective journal and also using crystals for purposes such as energy healing and cleansing.]]> 2023-10-11 13:49:09 UTC https://padlet.com/morris51002_/nrwfj1byqojxdndz/wish/2741855053