Geographies of Black Resistance -- 9:25AM by Dr. MJ Seaberry

TEST

2024-03-26 14:13:56 UTC

can you see this?

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Sojourner Truth was a slave who fled to freedom in 1826. She helped recruit black soldiers for the Union Army during the Civil War and afterwards worked to secure land grants for freed slaves from the federal government, and although unsuccessful she is still widely known as a catalyst for women's suffrage and black rights.

Ways Harriet Tubman Successfully used the Underground Railroad.

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This article talks about how slaves also escaped to more southern or coastal regions away from America such as, Mexico, the Caribbean Islands, etc.

1. Spiritual Resistance Artifact (TJ Whiteman)

2024-03-26 14:28:13 UTC

25qyjfbxr9 — 2024-03-26 14:29:34 UTC

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This is the symbol that was mainly used by white abolitionists. Although the beginning intentions of this image were pure, many white abolitionists used this image to still uphold some sort of racial hierarchy while still wanting to "help" the slaves.

Notable figure:Toussaint Louverture

2024-03-26 14:32:30 UTC

Toussaint Louverture was a key figure in the Haitian Revolution, which led to the establishment of Haiti as the first independent black republic in the Americas in 1804. Born into slavery, Louverture rose to become a leader of the Haitian Revolution, leading enslaved Africans in a successful rebellion against French colonial rule.

Notable Figure: Cuffy (Kofi)

2024-03-26 14:34:17 UTC

Cuffy, also known as Kofi, was a leader of the Berbice Slave Uprising in Guyana in 1763. The uprising, also known as Cuffy's Rebellion, was one of the largest slave revolts in the Caribbean. Cuffy led a coalition of enslaved Africans in a rebellion against their Dutch colonial masters, seizing control of plantations and establishing a short-lived independent state.

Resistance Impact (Derrick Mills)

2024-03-26 14:35:49 UTC

The Preservation of African Culture caused some Plantation owners to allow their enslaved individuals to engage in their own Cultural Practices to ensure the productivity of their slaves.
Through Cultural Expression, The enslaved people during this time showed their humanity during a period where it was snatched from them.
The Preservation of African Culture during slavery led to the creation of some of our best works of art including jazz music, blues, and gospel

Notable Figure: Denmark Vesey

2024-03-26 14:37:37 UTC

Denmark Vesey was a free African American who planned a large-scale slave rebellion in Charleston, South Carolina, in 1822. Vesey, along with a group of co-conspirators, planned to seize control of the city and liberate the enslaved population. However, the plot was betrayed, and Vesey and his followers were arrested before the rebellion could take place. Vesey was executed, and his planned revolt contributed to heightened tensions and increased repression of enslaved people in the South.

2. Noble Figure- Nat Turner (Sidney Morris)

2024-03-26 14:38:57 UTC

Nat Turner the slave revolt's leader that was driven to act rebelliously by his strong Christian beliefs. Turner thought that God was still speaking to the world. Turner explains two additional means by which God spoke to him. Initially, God spoke with him directly: "The Lord had shewn me things that had happened before my birth," he once said. "The Holy Ghost had revealed itself to me" at another instance. "The Spirit instantly appeared to me" on May 12, 1828. Turner said, "The Spirit that spoke to the prophets in former days," in response to Gray's question about what he meant by the Spirit. Turner regarded himself as a contemporary seer.

Notable Figure: Sam Sharpe

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A Jamaican slave and Baptist deacon who played a crucial role in the Christmas Rebellion (also known as the Baptist War) of 1831-1832. Sharpe's leadership and organizing efforts contributed to one of the largest slave rebellions in Jamaica, which ultimately hastened the abolition of slavery in the British Caribbean.

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Fredrick Douglass was an escaped slave from Maryland who argued that slaves had the mental capacity to function as fully fledged American citizens. He wrote literature that highlighted the experiences of slaves and fought hard for freedom.

Question #4

2024-03-26 17:19:48 UTC

One contemporary example of black spiritual resistance through Christianity is the use of gospel music as a form of protest and empowerment. Songs like "Glory" by Common and John Legend, inspired by the Civil Rights Movement, or "We Shall Overcome," originally a gospel hymn, have been used in recent years to rally people around social justice causes and continue the legacy of resistance and resilience in the face of oppression.

Notable Figure - Malcolm X (Damaje Smith)

2024-03-27 04:23:08 UTC

The Nation of Islam served as a foundational building block in embracing and affirming Malcolm’s ideology of separatism and pro-black nationalism. This obedience to the NOI’s teachings heavily influenced his radical socio-political views. Such views that were vastly differed from prominent social justice/ civil rights movement leaders such as Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Through this Malcolm X was not only able to configure and assimilate Black Americans into the Islamic faith, but he did so on the basis that peaceful protests and reliance of diplomacy was not enough in the fight for the liberation and equality of Black Americans.

2024-03-27 21:02:57 UTC

An example of contemporary abolitionists would be teens and young adults. This generation has showed a true importance for fighting for what's right. From the countless youth on the front lines during protests to the pressure we create on social media for politicians and big corporations. This generation is a perfect example of modern-day Abolitionists.

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One of the ways abolitionists have impacted today's day in age is that without their fight and their sacrifices, we wouldn't have the choice nor right to vote in a Black President

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The work of the abolitionists paved a way and inspired the pioneers for the woman's suffrage movement and some even overlap (Harriet Tubman, Sojourner Truth).

Artifacts-Tim A

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Ebonics/African American Dialect of English
African Beads
Djembe/Drum music
African Masks

Contermpary Resistance Method

2024-03-28 01:26:34 UTC

Black Lives Matter is a decentralized political and social movement that seeks to highlight racism, discrimination, and racial inequality experienced by black people, and promote anti-racism. Its primary concerns are incidents of police brutality and racially motivated violence against black people. BLM regularly protests police killings of black people and broader issues of racial profiling, police brutality, and racial inequality in the United States criminal justice system.

John Brown's Final Speech 1859

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Preservation Figures- Damarion King

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Madame C.J. Walker
1. A prominent black women who had a great deal in embracing and inspiring black women to love their hair. She created hair growth oil, hot combs, and so much more to allow black women everywhere to love the embrace their blackness through loving their hair. Hair has always had a deep value to women throughout the diaspora, and it continues to be held to high regard in the modern day.

Preservation Figures- Damarion King

2024-03-28 06:43:17 UTC

Madame Matilda Sissieretta Jones
1. She was the child of former enslaved people. She was a renowned opera singer. She was named "The Black Patti" because of her amazing Opera Voice. Her voice of expression comes from Her mother who used to sing in the church choir as an escape from slavery.

Preservation Figures- Damarion King

2024-03-28 06:44:00 UTC

Elizabeth Keckley
1. She was one of the most renowned seamstress and dress designers in Washington,DC. She was a former slave from Virginia who passion for design and dress took her from the field to the White house. Her knack of design trace backs to long roots of Africans designing and creating some of the most unique and symbolic styles that has existed in our culture for years.

3. Impacts of spiritual resistance

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The enslaved people were forced to go to white people’s churches and be taught that they were inferior, and that slavery was God’s punishment upon black people. In resistance of being forced to attend their church services and being taught their flawed Christianity, the enslaved people held their own secret religious meetings. Their meetings served as a time for enslaved people to come together and share their experiences, shake hands, and chant canticles. To indicate a religious meeting was happening that night, they would sing “Steal Away to Jesus”. They had to be secretive because their meetings were forbidden by most enslavers.

Prayer was another forbidden act by the enslavers. It was forbidden in order to break the spirits of the enslaved people, and to force them to conform to the corrupt religion they were being taught. However, many slaves would still pray every day, and they would face beatings and whippings every day. This was a sign and symbol of many enslaved people’s unfaltering faith and determination in God and a brighter future.

These actions carried over into post slavery times with the black church being the most influential black institution during the 1900s and the Civil Rights Movement. Just as was mentioned above, the black church post slavery served as a place for black people to come together and bond over their struggles and unify. In fact, Morehouse College’s mission statement when it was still named Augusta Theological Institute was to teach newly freed enslaved men how to read and write so they could become teachers and preachers and give back to their community. This was the original statement because William Jefferson White (the founder of Morehouse College/Augusta Theological Institute) understood the importance of the black church. In fact, the first two locations of Morehouse College before it was named Morehouse College were churches. William Jefferson White wanted more preachers to spread the teachings which kept black people alive during slavery, and that was their faith in God and the undeniable unification which followed.

The Johnson House Built in 1768 for John Johnson. Used as a safe house during the Underground Railroad in Philadelphia.

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Historic safe stops during the Underground Railroad.

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Impacted of organized revolts.

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-Organized revolts contributed to the formation of collective memory and identity among enslaved communities. These events became symbols of resistance and solidarity, passed down through generations as stories of courage and defiance, shaping the consciousness of future descendants.

-Instilled fear among plantation owners, as they realized the potential for widespread rebellion among their enslaved workforce. In response, plantation owners often implemented harsher control measures and increased surveillance to suppress any signs of dissent, leading to more stringent enforcement of slavery laws and harsher punishments.

-The memory of organized revolts has fueled historical consciousness and contributed to the development of social justice movements aimed at addressing the legacies of slavery and racial inequality. Future generations, both descendants of the enslaved and others, draw upon these historical events to advocate for justice, equality, and the recognition of past injustices.

2. Noble Figure- Martin Luther King JR (Sidney Morris)

2024-03-28 13:40:21 UTC

King's Christian faith provided him with a strong moral authority that resonated with many people, both within and outside the civil rights movement. His religious convictions lent credibility to his calls for justice, equality, and nonviolent activism. King often referenced biblical passages and stories, such as the Exodus story of liberation and Jesus' teachings on love and justice, to frame the struggle for civil rights as a moral imperative rooted in the Judeo-Christian tradition. King's Christian faith led him to critique societal injustices, including racism, poverty, and war. He saw these issues as fundamentally incompatible with Christian values and actively challenged both individuals and institutions to live up to the ethical standards of their faith. Christianity provided King with a moral framework, organizational support, and a platform to articulate his vision of a more just and equitable society, making it a central driving force behind the civil rights movement he led.

Tessie McGee

25qyjfbxr9 — 2024-03-28 13:54:11 UTC

Tessie McGee was a teacher in Louisiana in the early 1930s which was a text adoption state. That means states reviewed textbooks and other educational material and “approved” what could be used in class. Ms. McGee would would couch a copy of Woodson’s book, The Mis-Education of the Negro, in her lap during class, despite clear instructions from the state’s all-white department of education stating that all teachers had to stick to using pre-approved curriculum openly displayed on their desk. As Moore said in the video, “When the principal would come in, she would … simply lift her eyes to the outline that resided on her desk and teach us from the outline. This would come to be known as "fugitive Pedagogy" and this impacted slaves and people now because now only did It help educate slaves but also used in some teaching today for example when we talk about George Washington dentures weren't made from wood knowing that the rumor or what some schools want you to think

Contemporary method

2024-03-28 13:54:14 UTC

One contemporary method that slaves developed from that period that has translated into the present day is the braided hairstyles that were created. Slaves utilized those hairstyles to help slaves navigate their routes in hopes of escaping. Another contemporary method used is the music that translates to today's time.

Artifact of Resistance - (Damaje Smith)

2024-03-28 14:02:04 UTC

"Thurgood Marshall stood up to people praising the founding Fathers. He pointed out that the original constitution needed many amendments that even resulted in a Civil War to solve."