Folate: Folate needs to be consumed by a pregnant woman as it is a part of the B group vitamins. This vitamin is important in reducing the risk of the baby neural tube defects in a growing foetus. 

Iodine: Iodine is a mineral that is needed for the production of the thyroid hormone, which is important for growth and development of the baby. Iodine is also important for brain development, which is why the mother needs to 

Vitamin D: Vitamin D is very important for the development of your baby’s bones and teeth. Vitamin D can be obtained from sun exposure, food and supplements.

Iron: Iron helps your blood deliver oxygen to the baby, and will stop it from being born too early or too small. This is done by it making red blood cells that carry/supply oxygen to cells in the baby for energy and growth. This is important for the baby to maintain a healthy immune system. 

 
--> Fish is important for developing your baby’s brain and nervous tissue

Iron: During pregnancy, it is normal for a woman iron levels to be depleted, so increasing iron intake will help build and maintain the amount of iron stored. The developing foetus takes iron from the mother to last the first 5 or 6 months after birth. Foods such as meat, chicken, seafood, dried beans and lentils, and green leafy vegetables are good sources of iron for intake during pregnancy. 

Folate: Folic acid is important to take in during a pregnancy in order to protect your child. Folate can be found as folic acid in many wheat flour foods such as breakfast cereals and bread, along with some juices, asparagus, peas and lentils. 

Calcium: this nutrient protects your bone density and also may help to prevent high blood pressure while you're pregnant. Calcium also regulates your body’s use of fluids.

Vitamin D: vitamin D is important in a pregnant woman as it keeps your bones healthy. 

Vitamin A: supplements are rarely recommended for pregnant women. This is because an excessive intake of vitamin A may cause birth deformities. Liver is a main source of vitamin A, which should be avoided due to it having very high amounts of this vitamin in it. 

Alcohol: A woman who intakes any amount of alcohol during pregnancy is able to cause many risk factors toward the baby. Alcohol consumption increases the risk of miscarriage. It can also increase the chance of the baby being born with low birth weight, congenital deformities and effects on the baby’s intelligence.

Caffeine: If the mother has too much caffeine during pregnancy, it could cross the placenta and affect the baby’s heart rate.

Folate: not enough folate intake can increase the risk of spinal problems such as spina bifida. Also, if there is a family history of cleft lip, spinal problems or you are taking an anti-epilepsy medication, more folate may need to be taken 

 --> Salmonella can be passed onto your baby during pregnancy. If the child is born whilst the mother has salmonella, they may have diarrhoea and fever after birth, along with developing meningitis. 

--> Illness in mothers during pregnancy does not always affect the child, but in serious cases such as listeria and salmonella (bacteria in uncooked foods) may cause miscarriage, premature delivery, infection or death to the newborn.

Caffeine: it is suggested that drinking too much caffeine may be associated with an increased risk of miscarriage.

Iron: Iron-deficiency anaemia during pregnancy is associated with preterm delivery, low birth weight, and infant mortality which can mentally affect the mother and physically affect the child. 

Fibre: not enough fibre intake is related to some women experiencing constipation, usually towards the later parts of pregnancy.  

 
--> Salmonella can lead to many health complications during pregnancy such as dehydration, bacteria in the blood which can lead to meningitis (infection that causes swelling in the brain and spinal cord) and reactive arthritis. Symptoms of salmonella may be nausea, vomiting or stomach cramps