https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t Exercise: we're taking collectively note for better notes for everyone! en-us 2018-01-30 09:03:53 UTC 2018-01-30 14:01:58 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226062562 1.1
Clean freshwater is one of the biggest global resource problems
1.1.1
Bottled mineral waters do not have limits on concentrations of constituents
Some elements (F and As) can cause severe health threats
Groundwater high in arsenic can be found in geographically young sediments, in flat, low-lying areas with little flushing
1.2
Molarity = mol/L
SI-unit: mols/m^3 (mineral in water)
Molality = mols/kg (not affected by temp.)
1.3
Water analyses show regional distribution of water compositions on a map
11 variables in analyses: temp., EC, pH, Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+, Cl-, HCO3-,SO42-, NO3-
Varying graphical methods: bar and circle graphs, Stiff (3 or 4 horizontal axis with cation on left and anion on right), Piper

]]> 2018-01-30 13:39:27 UTC https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226062562 https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226066208 1.1
Bottled water is not under the same restrictions as groundwater - concideret medicine.

Dependent on the element, the drinking water might be the main contributor.

Arsenic groundwater  occurences:
- Inland basins (arid/semi arid)
- Alluvial plain sediments
- Mine waste waters

1.2
Different units are used for different substances. (Table 1.2)
Molarity (mol/L)]]> 2018-01-30 13:47:43 UTC https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226066208 https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226066263 1,1
-Access to clean freshwater is becoming a big global resource problem with lack of fresh water presenting a global problem
-Much drinking water is derived from surface waters, but developed countries prefer groundwater due to less treatment
1,1,1
-The intake through drinking water from certain elements(i.e. F^-, As) is important and high concentrations can be a severe health risk.
1,2
- Much debate in what units to use for dissolved substances in water.
-The official SI unit is moles/m^3 (numerically equal to mmol/L) but mg/L and mol/L is also widely used.


]]> 2018-01-30 13:47:53 UTC https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226066263 https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226066697 Groundwater chemistry: Quality of groundwater, processes controlling chemical composition. 

Pollution ex. Nitrate and nitrite

]]> 2018-01-30 13:48:48 UTC https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226066697 https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226067544 Groundwater geochemistry explores the processes controlling the chemical composition of groundwater => groundwater quality. Ensure good quality drinking water     

1.1
Problem: access to clean drinking water global wide
Mostly drinking water derived from surface waters, but groundwater is preferred => due to less treatment + better bacterial quality

1.1.1
Look table 1.1 (maximal admissible concentration in drinking water)
WHO

1.2
Look table 1.2 (units)
Molarity reflects the number of molecules of a substance
Molality is the number of moles pr kg of H2O    
=> This concentration unit is independent of a change in density with temperature or a change in concentration of other constituents.

1.3
The classical use of water analyses in hydrology is to show the regional distribution of the water compositions in a map. 
A standard groundwater analysis will as a minimum comprise values for temperature, EC, pH, the four major cations (Na+, K+, Mg2+, Ca2+) and four major anions (Cl-, HCO3-, SO42-, NO3-).
Section gives different examples of graphical methods to show groundwater quality => bar diagram, circle diagram, Stiff diagram & Piper diagram]]> 2018-01-30 13:50:30 UTC https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226067544 henrikth93 https://padlet.com/smk4/nml58xu78s6t/wish/226069634 Groundwater chemistry: Quality of groundwater, processes controlling chemical composition. 

Pollution ex. Nitrate and nitrite
Water treatment ex. Cu and Zn
1.2
The unit molarity (mol/L) reflects the number of molecules of a substance

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