UV Radiation Around The World by Li Huixing MGPS https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k P4 E2K en-us 2020-08-20 23:54:56 UTC 2023-02-16 05:13:59 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/1f5fa.png Switzerland lihuixing1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754257851 Snow on snow-capped mountains are melting. Citizens are covering parts of the mountain to prevent the snow from melting. Snow helps to reflect 80% UV radiation. ]]> 2020-09-17 06:24:59 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754257851 India claudia_tang_jia_qi_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754278368 People in Delhi, Ranchi, Hyderabad, Patna and several other cities of India are exposed to UV index of 9, which is quite dangerous for health. Prolonged exposure to UV rays is associated with skin cancer. In Delhi, all the people were advised to avoid direct sun exposure. ]]> 2020-09-17 06:35:17 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754278368 UV Radiation in New Zealand skye_siwan_mathews_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754278786 In general, in New Zealand, UV radiation is damaging to skin and eyes from September to April (the daylight saving months), when UV radiation levels are higher. The Sun Protection Alert tells you the time each day when you need to protect your skin and eyes from UV radiation.
In high summer, the sunshine in New Zealand is really strong. ... Earth's orbit takes it closer to the sun during the southern summer than during the northern summer. There is less pollution in the southern-hemisphere to block the UV rays. The sun's burning strength is measured by the UV index.
Values of 10 or more should be considered as "extreme". "The UV Index is a measure of the intensity of UV radiation. The larger the number, the more intense the UV. In New Zealand, its maximum summer value is generally about 12, but it can exceed 13 in the far North," NIWA says on its website.
In New Zealand, UV radiation levels are particularly high from September to April. It is important to be SunSmart during these times.

  • UVA radiation goes deep into the skin.
  • UVB radiation gets into the top layer of skin and can cause sunburn, skin damage and skin cancer.

In terms of energy, the sun is stronger in Australia due to it being closer to the equator. But in terms of UV light which causes sunburn, it is stronger in New Zealand due to a thinner ozone layer, and less pollution (clearer air).



]]> 2020-09-17 06:35:29 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754278786 Portugal isabelle_tan_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754280993 According to the Portuguese Institute for the Sea and Atmosphere (IPMA), all of mainland Portugal’s districts, alongside the Madeira and Azores archipelagos, are at “very high risk” of exposure to ultraviolet radiation (UVA) - The only exception being the Terceira Island, with only 'high' levels of UVA. The maximum temperatures expected are 34 centigrade in Santarém, 32 in Beja, 31 in Lisbon, 30 in Coimbra, 29 in Porto, Viana do Castelo, Faro and the Algarve and 27 in Bragança, 23 in Funchal and 17 in Ponta Slender.]]> 2020-09-17 06:36:31 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754280993 Singapore chloe_gan_yumin_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754281104 If you must be out in the sun, especially from 11a.m. to3p.m. when UV rays are the highest, the following measuring steps will help minimise the effects.Use sunscreen(30 SPF)Use an umbrella and seek shelter. Wear  sunglasses that block UVA/UVB. Wear a  broad-brimmed hat.]]> 2020-09-17 06:36:35 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754281104 Perugia, Province of Perugia, Italy https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754283095 2020-09-17 06:37:34 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754283095 Australia https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754283468 Kai Xuan.     

  Skin cancer in Australia                                                         
  Many thought there was an ozone hole in Australia. Actually, there isn’t! The skin cancer in Australia was not due to ozone holes. Skin cancer is commonly caused by UV radiation. Most Australians do not have the right type of skin for their hot climate. The ancestors of the Australians came from less sunny places, so most Australians would have pale skin. And people with pale skin have bigger chances of getting skin cancer due to UV radiation. Skin cancer in Australia claimed 1700 lives in 2016 alone. That’s a lot of deaths!
Not that exposure to sunlight is bad, you need some. However, too much sunlight harms your skin, especially those with paler skin. When you go out in the sun, do remember to wear sunblock, preferably waterproof sunblock. Even if you aren't swimming, you may sweat and the sun block would wash off.

Information fromhttps://theconversation.com/why-does-australia-have-so-much-skin-cancer-hint-its-not-because-of-an-ozone-hole-91850

 ]]> 2020-09-17 06:37:46 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754283468 Afghanistan cheng_kai_xin_charlene_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754283488 Has A lot of exposure to UV radiation. Hottest temperature in Afghanistan Is 49.9C. When production of ozone depleting substances reached a worldwide peak during the late seventies and eighties the earth’s citizens were consuming one million metric tonnes a year of the toxic man-made chemicals.
The repercussions were felt almost immediately. Increased amounts of harmful ultraviolet (UV) radiation caused many to develop skin cancer, eye cataracts and suppressed immune systems. Changes to ecosystems and species were noticed. Along the way, emissions also had an effect on the food we eat by causing reductions in agricultural productivity.
]]> 2020-09-17 06:37:47 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754283488 Peru mary_loh_xiao_en_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754285731 Peru has one of the highest UV radiation in the world. Peru ‘s government is telling the citizens of Peru to use sunscreen and wear dark sunglasses to protect themselves from UV radiation. Peru has heavy rainfall and high temperatures, except for its southernmost part, which has cold winters and seasonal rainfall. Most citizens in Peru are dark-skinned, which protects them a little from skin cancer.]]> 2020-09-17 06:38:54 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754285731 South America rebekah_maya_searl_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754286189 The UV radiations are highest in South America. Bolivia's Licancabur volcano, the site of the highest UV index ever recorded. A "perfect storm" of ozone-destroying chemicals sent cancer-causing UV-B radiation.]]> 2020-09-17 06:39:07 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754286189 Wellington, New Zealand tee_kai_xin_vivian_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754288430 In high summer, the sunshine in New Zealand is really strong.

 There are two reasons why the sun in the Southern Hemisphere is so strong.

Firstly, there is less ozone here to block the UV rays that cause sunburn. Earth's orbit takes it closer to the sun during the southern summer than during the northern summer.

Secondly, there is less pollution in the southern-hemisphere to block the UV rays. The sun's burning strength is measured by the UV index. The highest possible UV index at sea-level is about 20. This can occur at midday in equatorial regions. Any reading higher than 10 is extreme in terms of skin.

Did you know that New Zealand has the highest rate of skin cancer in the world with almost 50,000 new cases diagnosed each year? Thankfully, most of these cases are not serious, but there is about 200 New Zealanders who die each year from skin cancer.
How to prevent UV radiation?
1.Slip on a long  sleeved-shirt.

2.Slop on the sun cream.

3.Wear a hat.

4.Wear sunglasses.

]]> 2020-09-17 06:40:11 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754288430 Peru https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754288794 Esther Lau
the deterioration of the ozone layer In Peru is a result of environmental pollution, and because of its proximity to the equator. Peru citizens struggle with the fact that now they must put on long-sleeved shirts and wide-brimmed hats, even if they do not want to.



]]> 2020-09-17 06:40:20 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754288794 Peru liao_jiaxuan_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754289540 Peru is one of the countries worldwide with the highest UV Radiation. Being exposed to high levels of UV radiation promotes skin aging, DNA damage, eye damage and malignant changes of our skin including skin cancer.]]> 2020-09-17 06:40:41 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754289540 UV Radiation in New Zealand kwek_yee_shian_victoria_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754290364 The UV radiation in New Zealand is mainly caused by  changes in the Seasons or weather patterns. In the summer, the sunshine in New Zealand is quite strong. Earth's orbit takes it closer towards the sun during the summer. The UV radiation is stronger in the summers in the Northern Hemisphere than the Southern Hemisphere, because there is much less pollution in the southern-hemisphere to block the UV rays. To protect themselves from the strong UV rays, the citizens of New Zealand wear sunscreen during the summer and wear hats and caps often when they go outdoors.]]> 2020-09-17 06:40:59 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754290364 France (Natalle) https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754292795 Disadvantages of UV radiation:

UV disinfection is most effective for treating high-clarity, purified reverse osmosis distilled water. Suspended particles are a problem because microorganisms buried within particles are shielded from the UV light and pass through the unit unaffected. However, UV systems can be coupled with a pre-filter to remove those larger organisms that would otherwise pass through the UV system unaffected. The pre-filter also clarifies the water to improve light transmittance and therefore UV dose throughout the entire water column. Another key factor of UV water treatment is the flow rate—if the flow is too high, water will pass through without sufficient UV exposure. If the flow is too low, heat may build up and damage the UV lamp.]]> 2020-09-17 06:42:09 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754292795 New York, NY, USA jayna_lim_shi_en_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754293085 The highest UV index numbers in upstate New York are between 8 and 10. There is usually only UV index numbers of 10 or more in the Deep South. The midday sun from 10 a.m. to 4 p.m., is particularly higher than the rest of the day.]]> 2020-09-17 06:42:17 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754293085 About Antarctica vera_swee_pei_jun_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754304086 Stratospheric ozone protects life on Earth from ultraviolet B radiation (UVBR, 280–320nm wavelength). However, ozone depletion over Antarctica results in 50 to 130% more UVBR reaching the Earth’s surface. High energy UVBR is especially damaging, reducing the growth, production and survival of microscopic marine plants and animals.]]> 2020-09-17 06:47:35 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754304086 Bolivia kayley_nicole_tan_xi_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754304504  In Bolivia, the altitude effect between the lowlands and the Bolivian plateau reached values of 5–10%/km. An altitude effect of 8–23%/km has been measured between the plateau and a high‐mountain station. In accordance with previous studies these results indicate that the altitude effect of UV irradiance cannot be described by a single number in %/km, because it strongly depends on the atmospheric and surface parameters. In order to understand the high variability of the AE, the effects due to variations in solar elevation, albedo, and aerosol properties on UV radiation and the AE have been analyzed. To eliminate the influence of clouds, an algorithm for the selection of cloud‐free time intervals has been developed and applied. Furthermore, the measured data have been normalized to a fixed ozone content to avoid masking of the AE by different ozone amount. In addition, the background altitude effect, i.e., the AE resulting only from the reduced barometric pressure and reduced ozone content with increasing altitude, has been modeled. Depending on solar elevation and albedo, it ranges between 3 and 7%/km. Measured higher values of the AE, as well as negative values of the AE, are explained by the specific regional aerosol conditions, with important sources at high altitudes. The aerosol influence on UV is shown in detail for extreme conditions after strong bonfires in connection with a local holiday.]]> 2020-09-17 06:47:47 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754304504 Australia liao_jiaxuan_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754306451 During summer, the Earth's orbit brings Australia closer to the sun as it is near the hole in the ozone layer above the Antarctic. Australia is  resulting in an additional 7% solar UV intensity. ]]> 2020-09-17 06:48:38 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754306451 Madrid, Spain jayna_lim_shi_en_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754307239 Madrid and it’s metropolitan area has a Mediterranean climate which transitions to a cold semi arid climate. Madrid has the second highest UV value of continental Europe after Athens and Lisbon.]]> 2020-09-17 06:49:00 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754307239 United Kingdom claudia_tang_jia_qi_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754309632 In the United Kingdom, the Ultraviolet radiation records the highest at 8 (very high), and 7 (high) could occur on some days. ]]> 2020-09-17 06:50:05 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754309632 South Korea https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754310499 South Korea’s peninsula has ]]> 2020-09-17 06:50:29 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754310499 Croatia kayla_lam_kai_en_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754312526  
 Although the harmful effects of UV radiation are well established and described in literature, measurements in Croatia are limited. There are only a few papers describing solar UV exposure in Croatia. The aim of this study was to estimate the extent of UV exposure of Croatian general population using a radiative transfer model known as the Tropospheric Ultraviolet-Visible Model (TUV). It calculates UV indices for different places on different dates and times throughout the year, taking into account their location, atmospheric conditions, and geophysical constants. Because these values are especially interesting over the summer and on the Adriatic coast where people spend a lot of time outdoors at this time of the year, we wanted to develop a simple approximate formula, based on more accurate results obtained by the TUV model, that would make possible a reliable estimate for any location in Croatia, time, and weather condition over the three summer months of June, July and August.
]]> 2020-09-17 06:51:21 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754312526 Singapore liao_jiaxuan_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754318240 It is common for the UV index in Singapore to reach Very High and Extreme levels in the four hour period between 11 am and 3 pm on a day with little cloud cover.]]> 2020-09-17 06:53:53 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754318240 South Korea teo_zi_xin_sharnisse_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754412765 The brief summer lasts from July to August and is the hottest time of the year in South Korea. Temperatures may range between 23°C and 30°C but this is also the wettest time of the year. The months with the lowest UV index in Seoul, South Korea, are January and December, with an average maximum UV index of 2.]]> 2020-09-17 07:42:22 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754412765 New Zealand chelsea_angela_kusuma_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754494692 In general, in New Zealand, UV radiation is damaging to skin and eyes from September to April (the daylight saving months), when UV radiation levels are higher.
During high summer, the sunshine in New Zealand is very strong. Due to the Earth's orbit, it takes New Zealand closer to the sun during the southern summer than during the northern summer. However, there is less pollution (thinner air) in the southern hemisphere to block the UV rays.
In New Zealand, its maximum summer UV index is generally about 12, but it can exceed 13 in the far North. When the risk of harm from unprotected sun exposure is moderate for an average adult, the UV index is from 3 to 5. Knowing this, we can tell that the UV index in New Zealand is not normal and is even more than what is "Very high" for an average adult, which is 8 to 10.
Because New Zealand is near the equator, has a very thin ozone layer and has less pollution, New Zealanders have a very high risk to getting UV radiation influenced diseases such as skin cancer, skin damage and even immune system suppression.
]]> 2020-09-17 08:31:07 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754494692 Singapore https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754519649 2020-09-17 08:45:10 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754519649 Singapore emma_lim_zi_en_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754540271 -Singapore has one of the highest UV indexes in the world, reaching “very high” or “extreme” levels every day.
- In Singapore, skin cancer cases have risen in the last 10 years. Skin cancer now ranks as the 6th most common cancer among males, and 7th rank among females.

]]> 2020-09-17 08:56:59 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/754540271 Bolivia teo_zi_xin_sharnisse_2026_1 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/761613041 Being one of the countries with the highest UV radiation, the average UV Index at La Paz ( a city in Bolivia) is 11. On December 29, 2003, a world-record ground-level UV index of 43.3 was detected at Bolivia's Licancabur volcano, though other scientists dispute readings higher than 26.]]> 2020-09-20 06:02:08 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/761613041 Japan https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/763552483 The strength of the sun's ultraviolet (UV) radiation is expressed as a Solar UV Index or Sun Index.The UV Index does not exceed 8 in the UK (8 is rare; 7 may occur on exceptional days, mostly in the two weeks around the summer solstice). Indices of 9 and 10 are common in the Mediterranean area. The Sun Index forecast refers to the daily maximum.

( this is the only thing i could find. :() ]]> 2020-09-21 09:52:03 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/763552483 https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/763554781 2020-09-21 09:53:26 UTC https://padlet.com/lihuixing1/p4e2k/wish/763554781