Especially law firms , hacking has risen over three fold form 2002 to 2010 and are rising strongly as the years pass by.

Most of the chief reasons which deter law firms from utilizing haking security are financial reasons , losing client confidence ,diffenrential motivation and so on.

Hacking security is expensive and also slows down data access by decrypting data and using firewalls.

Without proper hacking security , valuable information is at tremendous risk . Owing to the ease in data transfer if hacked , "invisibilty " of the hacker and such increases popularity amongst hackers.

Government mandated projects and measures , educating simple procedures and proper structure of cyber law understanding will reduce hacking attempts and should be used to protect data.

Hackers might be the immune system for the information age. Sometimes they make us sick, but they also find those hidden threats in our world, and they make us fix it.

ith great power comes great responsibility, and you all like to think that if we had such powers, we would only use them for good. But what if you could read your friend's emails, or add a couple zeros to your bank account ? Hackers are to be assumed on the wrong side but they are more watchful of our online world.

• Social Impacts of Cyber Crime

Cyber criminals make use of the anonymity and secrecy from Internet attacking our modern information society. Cyber crime can involve botnets, computer viruses, cyber bullying, cyberstalking, cyberterrorism, hacktivism, identity theft, malware, and spam.

• Scope of Cyber Crime

Well, for me it is cyber criminology.

The method of hacking is worn out 5 phases. The phases are a unit.

1. Information gathering
2. Scanning and enumeration
3. Gaining access
4. Maintaining access
5. Covering track

• Types of Hackers

1. White Hat Hacker - a computer and network expert seeking vulnerabilities that a malicious hacker could exploit. Instead of taking malicious advantage of exploits, he notifies the system's owners.
2.  Black Hat Hacker - a person who compromises the security of a computer system without permission. He will maintain knowledge of the vulnerabilities and exploits and take advantage of it.
3. Grey Hat Hacker - a skilled hacker who sometimes will act legally and other times may not. They are a cross between white hat and black hat hackers.
   

Computer crime encompasses a broad range of activities such as fraud and financial crimes, cyber terrorism, cyber warfare and many more.

Can we deduce ?

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• Nmap
• Wireshark
• Cain and abel
• Metasploit
• Burp suite
• Aircrack-ng
• Nessus
• THC hydra
• Hping3
• Putt

Before posting on this padlet I had referred to many sources.

• I read some books on hacking. Following is a link to one of the books.

http://arpinux.org/public/books-man/the_hacker%27s_underground_handbook.pdf

• I referred to a journal from IJCS (International Journal of Computer Science)

• I watched some videos on Youtube and Ted regarding the topic. Below is a very convincing talk about hackers by Keren Elazari.

• http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse571-07/ftp/hacking_orgs.pdf
• Richet, Jean-Loup (2013). "From Young Hackers to Crackers". International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction 
• McQuade, S. (2009) The Encyclopedia of Cybercrime, Westport, CT
• http://www.cybercrimejournal.com/
• http://www.doaj.org/
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MPMr5jPwA7I
• http://www.nebhe.org/info/pdf/tdbank_breakfast/Fraud_Prevention_and_Detection.pdf

It takes advantage of poor internet security and gullibility of users .Email spoofing is the most used method .It directs the user to a fake website which resembles the trusted website and easilty gets the sensitive data.

Types of phishing

1.Spear phishing

2.Clone phishing

3.Whaling

• Since how long are you following our padlet ?

• How likely is that you would recommend us to a friend/colleague ?

• What were your expectations?

• To what extent did we fulfil them?

• Did the material we provided was of any relevant use to you?

• How much are you satisfied with our views ?

• Do you have any suggestions for improving our padlet ?

Our target audience includes those people who have interest in hacking .

All those people who use electronic devices ,as every electonic device can be hacked, may have a interest to know what all a hacker can do with their device would might be interested to read our padlet.

With reviews and doubts from our viewers we even plan to study and research more over the topic to progress in the field of hacking

Stereotype - It is a thought that can be adopted about specific types of individuals or certain ways of doing things.

Cognitive - A perception, sensation, idea, or intuition resulting from the process of cognition.

Cronbach alpha - In statistics (Classical Test Theory), Cronbach's (alpha) is used as a (lower bound) estimate of the reliability of a psychometric test.

Acquiescence - The reluctant acceptance of something without protest

Regression - In statistics, regression analysis is a statistical process for estimating the relationships among variables.

Platykurtic - A type of statistical distribution where the points along the X-axis are highly dispersed, resulting in a lower peak than the curvature found in a normal distribution. 

Multimodal - It is a theory of communication and social semiotics.

Sociodemographic -Relating to, or involving a combination of social and demographic factors.

Deterrence - It is the use of punishment as a threat to deter people from offending.

Mitigation - The action of reducing the severity, seriousness, or painfulness of something.

2)Hackers: Heroes of the Computer Revolution is a book by Steven Levy about hacker culture. Originally published: 1984 Author: Steven Levy

3)The Hacker Crackdown: Law and Disorder on the Electronic Frontier Originally published: November 1, 1992 Author: Bruce Sterling Publisher: Bantam Books

 4)The Web application hackers handbook Author: Marcus Pinto Dafydd Stuttard Language: English Length: 912 pages Publisher: Wiley India Pvt Ltd WEBSITES 1)Hackaday.com A hardware hack every day.

2)Hackforums.net Emphasis on white hat, with categories for hacking, coding and computer security.

3)Blackhat www.blackhat.com The Black Hat Briefings have become the biggest and the most important security conference for black hackers.

4)CEH certified ethical hacking coursehttps://www.eccouncil.org/Certification/certified-ethical-hacker

5)Code academy https://hackeracademy.com/

http://news.hackerjournals.com/

Though it has maximum application in IT companies related to computers.But hacking can be put to use in nano technology which includes circuits in mobiles etc. to track down locations, personal or restricted informations such as passwords.

Hacking is mostly used to bring down the rate of cyber criminology by providing cyber security decreasing the worldwide crime.

Other than these hacking can be put in use in automobile, cloud storage, biological science

AUTHOR: Richard Dawson

EDITION: Vol. 2, Issue 2

APRIL-JUNE 2014

CENTRAL ST. MARTINS UNIVERSITY, LONDON

[1] http://www.gangte.net/2013/09/top-10-best-hacking-tools.html

[2] http://cecs.wright.edu/~pmateti/InternetSecurity/Lectures/WirelessHacks/Mateti-WirelessHacks.htm

[3] http://ito.hkbu.edu.hk/eng/publication/newsletter/is_newsletter/professional/Issue_11_HackingProtection/JUCC%20Newsletter-IT-11%20HackingProtection.pdf

[4] http://www.nebhe.org/info/pdf/tdbank_breakfast/Fraud_Prevention_and_Detection.pdf

[5] http://www.iss.net/security_center/advice/Underground/Hacking/default.htm

[6] http://www.cs.berkeley.edu/~bh/hacker.html

[7] http://whatishacking.org/

According to me the target audience should be the one who are using internet or any online service for social networking, banking or shopping.

Atleast they should be aware of the threats they are exposed to and must be abl to take counter-measures against it

Also youngsters and teenagers must be enlightened of hacking as everything is becoming digital.

Back Door – A back door is a point of entry that circumvents normal security

Adware – Adware is software designed to force pre-chosen ads to display on your system.

Logic Bomb – A logic bomb is a malicious program designed to execute when a certain criterion is met.

Trojan – A Trojan, or Trojan Horse, is a malicious program disguised to look like a valid program

Keylogger – A keylogger is a non-destructive program that is designed to log every keystroke

Denial of Service Attack (DOS) – A Denial of Service attack is an attack designed to overwhelm a targeted website to the point of crashing it or making it inaccessible.

Worm – A worm is very similar to a virus in that it is a destructive self-contained program

Phishing – Phishing is a form of social engineering with the purpose of gathering sensitive information

• Hacking can allow for the revelation of bugs and weaknesses in a particular software, which could in turn be used to make the software even stronger. For example, a programmer could test out his/her software by "hacking" it themselves or asking a professional hacker to do it for them. 
• Hacking is what made your computer the way it is today.
• Hacking can help you become a really good programmer, as you would most likely be aware of the many security threats and weaknesses when creating/updating software.

• Protect your identity
• Report inapproprite images
• Use secure internet connection
• Be mindful of privacy settings