https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei en-us 2022-11-15 14:50:16 UTC 2022-11-18 13:32:42 UTC hello@padlet.com lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2384951887 2022-11-15 14:54:16 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2384951887 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2384952130 2022-11-15 14:54:24 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2384952130 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2384952377 2022-11-15 14:54:32 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2384952377 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388165492 “Like it or not, science is judgmental. It undertakes to weigh all the conflicting stories and find tests that will tell us which one is the least unlikely. If no such tests can be found, then science has nothing to say on the issue” (164).

]]> 2022-11-17 12:13:24 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388165492 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388336475 Through analyzing these resources, it was brought to my attention the common theme that many of them shared. That our present is dependent on how well we understand the past. And that our understanding of ourselves, and current choices, is also reliant on how we look at past human decisions and actions. History is subjective, and is always in a state of progress. We can better understand History through not only past resources, but also looking at humans today, and our framework of a priori knowledge. ]]> 2022-11-17 14:08:34 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388336475 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388367812 "Knowledge is thus gained by a process that begins with experience...In that sense knowledge is empirical; nothing can be known apart from such experience...Like the modern scientist, Aristotle did not proceed by following a methodological recipe book, but rather by rough and ready methods, familiar procedures that had proved themselves in practice" (50). ]]> 2022-11-17 14:24:41 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388367812 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388431794 Science is a never-ending, repeated, testable process; in which a near-full understanding of the world around us can be learned through a constant process of contradiction, and gained primarily through experience and empirical evidence.]]> 2022-11-17 14:58:10 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2388431794 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389308507 "When, I say, this man believed he had seen everything, he suddenly found himself once more plunged deeper into ignorance and bafflement than ever" (52).

"It is news to me that any man would actually put the testimony of writers ahead of what experience shows him" (54).]]> 2022-11-18 02:56:26 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389308507 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389333106 "Immanuel Kant asked whether there are not some connections in nature which are necessary because they underlie experience...Is there some framework on which experience is founded, and without which the mind cannot grasp the external world at all?" (59)]]> 2022-11-18 03:18:24 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389333106 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389362916 "Every process in life calls out its contradictory process-- and life takes its important steps only when it synthesizes these two into a higher form. Life is not merely being, and death is not merely nonbeing; the essential step of progress is the synthesis of the two--is, becoming" (63).]]> 2022-11-18 03:50:11 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389362916 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389372858 "When we regard every production of nature as one which has had a long history; when we contemplate every complex structure and instinct as the summing up of many contrivances...how far more interesting--I speak from experience--does the study of natural history become!" (73)]]> 2022-11-18 04:01:54 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389372858 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389382102 From these readings and quotes, I see that science is testable, and never ending, with a repeating process of contradiction and fusing opposite ideas to generate a near-full understanding of the world around us, while still leaving room for these natural processes such as contradiction and contemplation. In this empirical process of science, experience is vital in order to better understand our surroundings. Thinking back to the real world, science attempts to answer all questions in the world through these processes.]]> 2022-11-18 04:14:16 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389382102 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389652985 Galileo states that science is a repeated never-ending process, in which experience is crucial.]]> 2022-11-18 09:31:30 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389652985 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389656887 Cartmill recognizes that science is a testable process built off contradiction.]]> 2022-11-18 09:35:14 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389656887 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389667281 Hegel presses the importance of the process of contradiction in all aspects of life, with a synthesis of both contradictory processes into a higher form.]]> 2022-11-18 09:44:49 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389667281 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389673897 Kant recognizes that once again, experience is vital in order to understand the world. This experience can come from connections in nature, and is based around a framework.]]> 2022-11-18 09:50:34 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389673897 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389681903 Experience is important and knowledge is empirical as well as testable ideas.]]> 2022-11-18 09:57:25 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389681903 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389685298 The goal of science is to fully understand the world around us, while still leaving room for contemplation.]]> 2022-11-18 10:00:11 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389685298 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389718799 "He is suggesting that man is his history; and that only an understanding of history can enable man to understand himself" (64). ]]> 2022-11-18 10:32:53 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389718799 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389726782 Science is a testable understanding of the world around us through empirical evidence. ]]> 2022-11-18 10:41:51 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389726782 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389748393 "It cannot be regarded as a mirror image of what actually happened. It should be read as Contat's version of a happening, as his attempt to tell a story" (89).]]> 2022-11-18 11:05:32 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389748393 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389755175 "the state as an expression instead of an instrument, and end instead of a means. As this book shows, history is not made by states or for states; it is made by people and for people". (490)]]> 2022-11-18 11:11:37 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389755175 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389759123 "Empiricism is not enough, and that nature can only be understood if we see that under empirical experience lies a framework of a priori knowledge" (60).]]> 2022-11-18 11:15:53 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389759123 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389764931 "He also challenged historians of his day to consider the significance of regional differences in American history; to draw upon a wide range of evidence and research methods; to recognize that events have multiple causes; and to look at the past in the light of the present" (80).]]> 2022-11-18 11:22:05 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389764931 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389766290 The goal of History is to understand ourselves through understanding the past.]]> 2022-11-18 11:23:26 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389766290 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389769219 History is subjective, and a wide range of sources is necessary to get closer to the objective truth.]]> 2022-11-18 11:26:14 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389769219 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389771882 Once again, we see the common theme that History has a goal of understanding ourselves through our past choices.]]> 2022-11-18 11:28:57 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389771882 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389773894 A priori, inborn knowledge is necessary to understand the inner workings of humans, and thus, how our History came to be.]]> 2022-11-18 11:31:12 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389773894 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389775496 History is once again, subject to a process of figuration and change through many different resources and methods.

Goal- Again, to understand ourselves and the present as we look at the past]]> 2022-11-18 11:33:07 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389775496 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389794695 History is a subjective, ever-changing human understanding of the past that utilizes both empirical and a priori knowledge in a variety of accounts, which are looked at to understand the direction of the present and future.]]> 2022-11-18 11:51:53 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389794695 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389795889 History is an expression of the significance of human past truths.

]]> 2022-11-18 11:52:59 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389795889 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389801207 Truth is a collection of subjective knowledge, in an attempt to move towards an objective collective consensus that is constantly developing, limited by our knowledge and beliefs; which is discovered through a process consistent of empirical and priori knowledge, as well as insight and memory.

]]> 2022-11-18 11:57:58 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389801207 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389804965 "His was a middle-class, white, male account of America's past" (82).]]> 2022-11-18 12:02:02 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389804965 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389811801 "Of course, this is only the latest mental image to hold centre stage; we have no better idea of what is 'real' for an electron than Faraday, or Maxwell, or anyone else had" (112).]]> 2022-11-18 12:09:44 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389811801 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389822921 "Our own inability to get the joke is an indication of the distance that separates us from the workers of pre-industrial Europe. The perception of that distance may serve as a starting point of an investigation...when you realize that you are not getting something...you can see where to grasp a foreign system of meaning in order to unravel it" (88).]]> 2022-11-18 12:21:16 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389822921 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389827551 "The process of acquiring knowledge begins with sense experience; from repeated sense experience follows memory; and from memory, by a process of 'intuition' or insight, the experienced investigator is able to discern the universal features of things" (50). ]]> 2022-11-18 12:26:30 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389827551 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389829160 Truth is different based on individual backgrounds and history.]]> 2022-11-18 12:28:17 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389829160 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389830614 Truth is constantly subject to change at any given moment based on new knowledge or information.]]> 2022-11-18 12:29:44 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389830614 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389840690 In order to understand truth, one must attempt to understand something unfamiliar and different from their own opinion.

Content
Because we are all different, we will all have different perceptions of what is truth. ]]> 2022-11-18 12:40:03 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389840690 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389845425 Truth can be discerned from experience, memory, intuition and insight.

Goal
To understand the features of things, to know what there is to be known.]]> 2022-11-18 12:44:30 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389845425 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389857102 In the beginning, I believed that truth was always objective, however after looking at these resources I am left with the belief that truth can be both objective and subjective. As such, what could start off as an objective truth could change depending on an individual's perception of reality based on their background, identity, or history. Truth can be discovered through a process of consistent a priori knowledge, as well as experience, memory, and insight. The collective goal of truth is to ultimately know all there is to be known.]]> 2022-11-18 12:54:59 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389857102 lshubert2023_2 https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389865946 Truth is an individual’s conclusion comprised of consistent objective knowledge that accurately portrays their reality.]]> 2022-11-18 13:03:26 UTC https://padlet.com/lshubert2023_2/nk0zqg99lbrk76ei/wish/2389865946