Opposing energy sources by Ivo Daems

Ishaan: Natural Gas vs Hydrogen Power

ishaan_bose — 2019-01-15 10:37:22 UTC

–What are the resources, explain where found?
Natural gas is found deep underground in rock formations where it has been accumulating for many years on end, forming through bonds with other hydrocarbons. Finding Natural gas is rare however, and leads to its high cost. Theoretically, hydrogen is the most abundant element available on the planet, however, it is hard to convert raw hydrogen gas into power, and it takes many processes such as hydro-electrification to extract the power out of it.

–Where it is mostly used? Why is it (still) used over there?
Natural gas is used all around the world, but mainly in MEDC's due to the high amount of industrialization. This industrialization consumes fossil fuels at a high rate in order to power the processes that society relies on. Gas is also used in Vehicles and planes, and is essential to modern transportation, as alternative options are too costly as of right now to become mainstream. Hydrogen power is mainly used in highly scientific environments as a source of energy because of the difficulty in harnessing it - it mainly functions as fuel for NASA's space exploration at the moment.

–How much it is used?
Natural gas is used all around the world, but its use has been criticized as of late especially due to it's harmful damage on the environment. Hydrogen is very rarely used in commercial use because of the cost - the benefits to the power source is too costly to justify. In the future when the price of hydrogen power applications go down, then the use will also go up conversely

–Is it sustainable? Why or why not?
Currently, natural gas use is not sustainable, gas is a finite resource that is running out due to the rampant over reliance on the fossil fuels, and is estimated to only have 170 years of use left. The level of consumption does not match the amount of new natural gas being found, so there is no way for this level of use to continue to work. Hydrogen is more sustainable because it is excessively abundant if used effectively. It also creates an alternative option to power this world.

–What is the relative cost (in dollars per kWh)?
Natural gas: $0.06/kWh
Hydrogen Power: $0.15/kWh

–What are the advantages / disadvantages?
Natural Gas used to be abundant and easily fuel the manufacturing processes and cars that we use everyday, however the over reliance on this gas has dwindled all the resources. However, natural gas has far too many disadvantages, such as greenhouses gases and noxious gases. Hydrogen power does not emit anything and produces clean pure water as a byproduct

–What are the future prospects of the resource?
Natural gas will eventually run out and dwindle, till it is phased out. Hydrogen has a lot of potential to become a superior energy source, but it has a lot of limitations in term of using all the potential energy that hydrogen contains, if it works it could easily become a very mainstream energy source, like the toyota mirai. The price of those type of cars, and the availability of hydrogen fuel must go up, as the gas stations are very lacking.

Sophie & Jane

sophie_kim — 2019-01-15 10:37:29 UTC

Coal, solar pannel

Coal: Fossil fuel
1. Non renewable energy
2. Takes millions years to from under high pressures of overburden and at elevated temperatures
3. It is the largest source of energy for the generation of electricity
4. USA, China, India, Russia, Canada,,, are those big coal reserves in the world
5. plenty amount of resource still let in the world, and it is one of the most stable fuel to use, furthermore it is much cheaper than gases and oil
6. It is limited in terms of generating energy and it emits CO2 which is greenhouse gas (Much higher emission than combusting oil and gas) + Black smog emitted also cause air pollution
7. Price: 100 $ per metric ton
8. There are an estimated 1.1 trillion tonnes of proven coal reserves worldwide. This means that there is enough coal to last us around 150 years at current rates of production. It is estimated that we will run our of coal in 2088.
9.2.8 billion tCE produced 7000 billions kWh of efficiency

* No It's not sustainable.

Solar energy

1. It is renewable energy
the most efficient solar panels on the market today have efficiency rating as high as 22.2%, wheres the majority of panels range from 15% t 17% efficiency
2. disadvantage: pricy to install

Polina

2019-01-15 10:37:40 UTC

Solar uses sunlight in order to create energy/electricity. It does this through the usage of solar panels which can be found on roof buildings or in solar fields (which includes many solar panels in one place to try to create enough energy for large amounts of area not only for one house). This is a sustainable source of energy as there is always sunlight in the atmosphere.

Oil is found underground almost everywhere. Oil has to be drilled for when the rock is considered to be in the right condition. By releasing steam into the ground, the steam turns to hot water, which heats up the oil and then pushes it through the ground to surface.

SemPi:

Nebula42 — 2019-01-15 10:37:41 UTC

Hydroelectric vs Nuclear:

Hydroelectric Energy is a renewable source of energy that uses water on a lake or flowing river. Some notable examples include the Grand Coulee Dam on the Columbia River in the US, as well as the Akosombo Dam in Ghana and the Three Gorges Dam on the Yangtze river in China. However Dams are expensive and difficult to maintain. As well as this, less energy is generated during drought. Finally, 1 million people had to be moved in China to build the dam leaving many without a home. In the U.S. the cost of production is at 0.85 cents per kWh. In the future, people aim to increase the energy production from hydroelectric dams - from 7% of U.S production to 15% by 2030.

Nuclear Energy:

This is an inexpensive and high power output way of producing energy. It also does not produce greenhouse gases, and does not contribute to the enhanced greenhouse effect. However, it can lead to devastating accidents, and there is also a problem in getting rid of the radioactive material. It is also not renewable Examples of nuclear plants include the Mississippi plant in the U.S and the Borssele reactor in the Netherlands. It costs 210 cents to produce one kWh of energy, making it more expensive than hydroelectric energy.However, nuclear energy is expected to grow by 25% by 2040. Intermediate Solution to reducing burning of fossil fuels. Radioactive materials are found in the Earth's crust or are synthetically produced. Can be found in Australia especially.

Fran

2019-01-15 10:38:42 UTC

Lithium vs petroleum.

Lithium is used in batteries and antidepressants.

It can be found in Chile, Australia, China and Argentina.

Lithium is being used more and more as technology develops and the car industry is shifting toward electric cars.

Petroleum is used for energy production in any sort of factories, energy plants and to power vehicles.

The main petroleum producers are the OPEC members.

Pawel

2019-01-15 10:39:27 UTC

Overall electricity prices in Poland have increased from 4.44 Euros to 8.77 since 2001

Ecem Christian Bryony

2019-01-15 10:40:05 UTC

~~OIL~~
What are the resources, explain where found?

Oil, Persian Gulf, under the sea, deserts and arctic area

Where it is mostly used? Why is it (still) used over there
Everywhere

How much it is used?
19.69 million barrels per day

Is it sustainable? Why or why not?
No

What is the relative cost (in dollars per kWh)?
$0.12/kWh

What are the advantages / disadvantages?
High Energy Output; Easy to Produce

Pollution of Water and Earth; Sources of Tourism

What are the future prospects of the resource?

Oil Reserves will last 40-100 years

~~Solar Panel~~

What are the resources, explain where found?

Sunny areas; often in open flat regions, where these can be most easily installed

Where it is mostly used? Why is it (still) used over there?
USA Germany China

How much it is used?
1% of all electricity comes from Solar Panels

Is it sustainable? Why or why not?
Yes

What is the relative cost (in dollars per kWh)
$0.06/kWh

What are the advantages / disadvantages?
Power of is pollution free, reduce dependence on foreign oil

High initial costs; Solar power can't be used at night

What are the future prospects of the resource?
Renewable Resource

Lucas & Ruben

ruben_bours — 2019-01-15 10:42:51 UTC

Wind VS oil
What are the resources, explain where found?
Oil is a liquid derived from petroleum, used as fuel or lubricant.
Oil is found in many countries, the top producers being Saudi Arabia, Russia, the U.S, and more. A non-renewable resource

Wind power is the use of air flow through wind turbines to provide mechanical power to turn a generator, creating electricity. A renewable resource
Wind power is mostly created in China, Germany, India, the U.S, but can be used in any area with sufficient wind.

where it is mostly used, and Why?
Oil is mostly consumed in China, the U.S., Japan, and others. Oil is still used because it's cheap and there is infrastructure for extracting, refining, and processing oil already exist.

Wind power is mostly consumed in France, Canada, U.K. Spain, India, Germany, and the U.S. It is used because it is renewable and benefits the environment, along with eventual returns on energy use.

How much is used?
worldwide oil consumption is 93 million Barrels per day

for wind power, in 2016 it was 286.790 MW.

Is it sustainable, why or why not?
Wind is sustainable besides production costs, as it is renewable energy that has minimal effect on the environment, and producing wind power does not require the combustion of fossil fuels or creation of pollution, thus it is sustainable.

Oil, although a cheaper alternative creates pollution when com busted, which isn't sustainable for the environment. It is also a non-renewable resource, so peak oil will be reached and humanity will run out of it as a resource, it is not sustainable.

What is the relative cost in KwH?
2 cents per KwH for wind power

oil is .042 KwH

What are the Advantages and Disadvantages?
Oil is cheaper than other sources of energy,, and is more accessible at least until it becomes scarcer, which is helpful in developing countries with and infrastructure. It is bad for the environment, and there it is non-renewable.

Wind power has the advantages of being good for the environment, being a renewable resource, and the eventually of it paying itself off eventually, after a certain point maybe 10 years free electricity will be produced. It however is hard to transition to in the short term as it is expensive, and is not an option for many LEDCs, only MEDCs

What are the future prospects of the resource?
Oikl does not have a bright future, although in the short term is lucrative. Peak oil will be reached before 2033 meaning oil production will go down as oil becomes scarce. It will become more and more expensive, and societies will be forced to transition to other sources of energy.

Wind power in the short term is not very lucrative, but in the long term when people are transitioning to other energy sources, wind turbines will be useful for creating free energy while being environmentally sustainable.

Jiwon

2019-01-15 10:44:53 UTC

Nuclear vs Fossil

Nuclear energy uses Uranium, found in the igneous, metamorphic or sedimentary rocks.

It is used the most in US, due to its sheer capability to produce energy, with relative cost of 0.39 ¢/kWh. Benefits of not producing greenhouse gasses exist as well.

However, there are downsides, such as the dangers of management, nuclear wastes produced from the energy production.

Fossil fuels use coal, natural gas and etc.

China is known for the most use of fossil fuel power plants.

Controversies surrounding the emission of greenhouse gasses from fossil fuel power plants are issued often.

Many countries (much like with the nuclear power plants) are trying to move out of it in the future, except some cases such as US, China which are often focusing on their economy.

What are the resources, explain where found?Where it is mostly used? Why is it (still) used over there?How much it is used?Is it sustainable? Why or why not?What is the relative cost (in dollars per kWh)?What are the advantages / disadvantages?What are the future prospects of the resource?

lucas_grellmann1 — 2019-01-15 10:46:59 UTC

Nebula42 — 2019-01-15 10:58:13 UTC

ruben_bours — 2019-01-15 10:58:32 UTC

ok so basically

2019-01-15 10:58:38 UTC

Nebula42 — 2019-01-15 10:58:45 UTC

ly more_vert 📎 Photo What are the resources, explain where found?Where it is mostly used? Why is it (still) used over there?How much it is used?Is it sustainable? Why or why not?What is the relative cost (in dollars per kWh)?What are the advantages / disadvantages?What are the future prospects of the resource? What are the resources, explain where found?Where it is mostly used? Why is it (still) used over there?How much it is used?Is it sustainable? Why or why not?What is the relative cost (in dollars per kWh)?What are the advantages / disadvantages?What are the future prospects of the resource? Ok so basically Ok so basically So basically So basically