https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8 By Anna Le, Sara Tam, and Annie Zhang 1-1 en-us 2018-10-31 04:27:05 UTC 2023-10-04 22:02:42 UTC hello@padlet.com anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/298835794 Present in only plant cells

The cell wall is a protective rigid layer of polysaccharides lying outside the plasma membrane and is the outer most layer of the cell. Cellulose fibers, structural proteins and other polysaccharides are what makes up a cell wall. The cell wall gives the cell strength, structure and filter molecules that pass in and out of the cell. 
An analogy  that is similar to a cell wall is a city border and fence because it gives structure, stability, and protection from any foreign invaders trying to attack like bacteria burglars.

]]> 2018-10-31 04:36:51 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/298835794 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/298839889 Present in animal and plant cells

The cell membrane also known as the plasma membrane, is a double layer of lipids and proteins that surround a cell and separates the cytoplasm from its surrounding environment. The cell membrane controls the movement of substances that go in and out of cells or organelles. It is also selectively permeable, meaning it only allows certain proteins and ions to enter the cell, blocking harmful substances like bacteria from entering.
An analogy that is similar to a cell wall is the border security guards in a city because they monitor and regulate foreigners from entering and exiting. They only allow foreigners who have gained entry to the city so no harmful activities happen in the city.]]> 2018-10-31 05:24:11 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/298839889 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299245056 present in plant and animal cells

The nucleus is a large organelle that stores genetic information and coordinates the cell's activities. They are necessary for the creation of the majority of the proteins needed which includes development, protein synthesis and reproduction.
The nucleus regulates the synthesis of proteins in the cytoplasm through the use of a messenger RNA, which is then transcribed into DNA segments that serve as a template for protein production. 
An analogy that is similar to a nucleus is the city hall because all the information about the city are stored and has a very important role of keeping instructions in order for the city to function efficiently. The city hall is where the mayor holds his/her meetings and they provide information and other support for the mayor council.]]> 2018-11-01 04:43:23 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299245056 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299248356 present in animal and plant cells

Ribosomes are responsible for translating code from RNA and making proteins, called protein synthesis. Which is necessary for the cells to perform cellular functions. Ribosomes can float freely in the cytoplasm or be attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
An analogy that is similar to ribosomes are the factories in a city. Blueprints are translated and are given to the factories for further manufacturing and then turned into a product. Just like how RNA is instructed to translate the RNA blueprint for making proteins through protein synthesis.]]> 2018-11-01 05:21:58 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299248356 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299255598
present in animal and plant cells
The endoplasmic reticulum produces various substances used within the cell and throughout the body, such as protein (R. ER) and fats (S. ER). The ER is also synthesis/ modification of proteins and substances. It is a distribution by vesicles and transports materials by vesicle formation.
An analogy that is similar to the ER is roads in the city. The roads provide an efficient way for products to be distributed throughout the city from moving vehicles. The ER does the same thing by transporting materials produced by the cell. 

]]> 2018-11-01 06:36:58 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299255598 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299256702 present in animal and plant cells

The rough endoplasmic reticulum are studded on its outer surface with ribosomes and sealed sacs that are contiguous with nuclear membrane. It is responsible for the assembling many proteins. For example, the RER makes and packages proteins, transports materials, folds and modifies proteins.
An analogy the RER is similar to is the rough alleys we drive through everyday. They are rough due to rocks and other materials that are in the way, yet the roads still provide a good, and efficient way to transport through the city. The RER is similar because it transport materials to the golgi apparatus, and it is rough due to the presence of ribosomes within the pathway.]]> 2018-11-01 06:46:52 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299256702 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299259562 present in animal and plant cells

The smooth endoplasmic reticulum transport protein made by the ribosomes to their proper location in the cell and transport materials within the cytoplasm.
An analogy similar to the SER is highways. Highways provide us a fast and efficient way to move or deliver products from one place to another, and they are fairly smooth due to little to no rocks being present on the roads. The SER is similar because it transports materials within the cytosome, and is smooth due to no ribosomes being present.]]> 2018-11-01 07:11:55 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299259562 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299260534 present in animal and plant cells

The golgi apparatus is responsible for processing, packaging and distribution of proteins and lipids. 
An analogy that is similar to the golgi apparatus is a post office. Post offices receive their mail, packages the mail, then sends them off to their final destination. The golgi apparatus is similar because it receives proteins and lipids from the ER, sorts and modifies them and finally, gets them to their final destination.

]]> 2018-11-01 07:20:44 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299260534 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299262218 present in animal and plant cells

Lysosomes contain digestive enzymes that digest excess or worn out organelles. Lysosomes are responsible for intracellular digestions. They collect waste and toxins from the cell and breaks them down into harmless components that can be used to make other components the cell needs.
An analogy that is similar to lysosomes is a dumpster. Dumpsters take unneeded, and used waste and disposes it. A lysocome is where all the trash gets taken to. After everything is used, it gets sent to the lysosome.]]> 2018-11-01 07:32:59 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299262218 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299268223 present in animal and plant cells

The nucleolus controls the executive activity within the nucleus of the cell and contains the chromosomes and the DNA of the cell. The main function of nucleolus is to send and assemble subunits out to the cell where they combine into complete ribosomes.
An analogy that is similar to nucleolus is the mayor who works in city hall. The mayor controls and has the power to veto the rest of the council members and executives in the City Hall. Just like how the nucleolus controls the executive activities within the nucleus of the well.


]]> 2018-11-01 08:12:22 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299268223 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299447808 present in only animal cells

Centrioles are barrel-shaped structures present in eukaryotic cells except for fungal and plant cells. The centrioles help divide and separate cells during mitosis and meiosis. They also helps with cellular organization. 
An analogy that is similar to centrioles are pipe lines.Centrioles are the pipes of Cell City because they look similar and help divide up the main water supply to all the houses.

]]> 2018-11-01 16:10:18 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299447808 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299620979 The vacuole is equivalent to a water tower and a warehouse in the cell. The vacuole is present in animal and plant cells but is more prominent in a plant cell. In the forestry area (plant cell) the vacuole is best represented as a water tower. The water tower is a large, elevated, dome-like storage unit where cleaned water is kept and is prepped for distribution within the city. ASACELL City also has a warehouse towards the central area(animal cell) where supplies for the city are stored after being processed. Supplies refer to the “nutrients” the city needs to function such as power chords. These both relate to the vacuole because vacuoles are responsible for storing substances like water and nutrients for further necessity.]]> 2018-11-01 23:16:46 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299620979 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299621351 Peroxisomes are like the doctors that work in a hospital in the cell. They’re present in animal and plant cells. In this hospital, there are green doctors and yellow doctors. The green doctors help protect patients from the acids in dirty water by giving shots to entered acids into needed sugars. Yellow doctors treat the distressed or those who need to be stabilized by giving them “relaxibile” shots. This is similar to the peroxisomes because in plant cells, they oxidize fatty acids into sugar molecules. In the liver, peroxisomes break down fats to produce bile. ]]> 2018-11-01 23:18:51 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299621351 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299622743 The mitochondria is the equivalent to the windmill of the cell. Being the powerhouse of both plant and animal cells it’s easy to refer the mitochondria as the city’s windmill. Windmills take energy from the wind, spinning the mill fast enoug to create electricity for the power system. This is just like the organelle mitochondria because it is converting energy into a useful form to help carry out other functions in the cell. The mitochondria (windmill) converts carbohydrates (energy from wind) into ATP which assists cellular respiration (creates electricity).]]> 2018-11-01 23:26:43 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299622743 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299623311 Chloroplasts (mainly in plant cells)  are similar to the greatest chain restaurant in ASACELL CITY. It takes natural resources and has amazing chefs to make nutritious foods that people actually need. Their specials always include a good source of protein. This is like the organelle chloroplasts who take solar energy and synthesize carbohydrates to make the cell’s proteins and food for the cell through photosynthesis. It’s all within the recipe!]]> 2018-11-01 23:29:55 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299623311 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299624598 The cytoskeleton is like the physical boundaries of the cell/city. It’s present in both animal and plant cells.There are border employees who do not regulate entrance nor departure but do have the responsibility of going along the boundaries of the city to make sure they’re all correct and intact. They may also give directions and transportation advice within the city to help avoid traffic. This is like the organelle cytoskeleton being responsible for shaping the cell and for efficient movement of the cell parts.]]> 2018-11-01 23:38:01 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299624598 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299641959 The cilia and flagella are similar to the city sweeper machines. Cilia is more prominent in animal cells but they’re both within plant and animal cells. The sweeper machines have mop like bottoms that project in circles, sweeping debris blocking the roads within the city to prevent accidents or heavy traffic. This is like the organelle cilia/flagella because they’re hair-like projections that help keep (in animal cells) lungs clean by sweeping debris trapped mucus.]]> 2018-11-02 01:16:03 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299641959 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299668551 We are exceeding expectations by creating a 3D model of our city. By creating this 3D model, we are going to give the viewers a visual representation of what our city looks like. ]]> 2018-11-02 04:33:47 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299668551 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299674415 2018-11-02 05:54:19 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299674415 sarakt711 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299675655 2018-11-02 06:10:28 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299675655 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299678891 2018-11-02 06:49:55 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299678891 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679157 2018-11-02 06:53:32 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679157 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679319 2018-11-02 06:55:46 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679319 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679346 2018-11-02 06:56:12 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679346 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679401 2018-11-02 06:57:07 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679401 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679440  ]]> 2018-11-02 06:57:45 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679440 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679579 2018-11-02 06:59:48 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679579 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679611 2018-11-02 07:00:23 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679611 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679641 2018-11-02 07:00:56 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679641 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679690 2018-11-02 07:01:49 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679690 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679742 2018-11-02 07:02:27 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679742 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679844 2018-11-02 07:03:51 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299679844 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299681024 https://docs.google.com/document/d/1v8pw-u7DuPFhXJ17rlqDXh019Ry6b-Ym9SgjtuZxUNs/edit]]> 2018-11-02 07:15:53 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299681024 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299686763 2018-11-02 08:03:53 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299686763 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299687896 2018-11-02 08:11:15 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299687896 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299687945 2018-11-02 08:11:33 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299687945 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299687986 2018-11-02 08:11:47 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299687986 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299688057 2018-11-02 08:12:14 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299688057 anniezhangg https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299688104 2018-11-02 08:12:39 UTC https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/299688104 lisame3955 https://padlet.com/anniezhangg/nhnwvmrt5ql8/wish/303563365 I love the 3D model!! If you don't want it, I'd love to keep it as an example for future classes. Your lysosome and peroxisome analogies were the most challenging but you did a great job! Careful...it's lysosome not lycosome. Great sweeping machines representing the cilia and flagella.
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