1.0 Introduction

2.0 Background of the Study

3.0 Problem Statement

4.0 Research Objectives

5.0 Research Questions

6.0 Significance of Research

7.0 Limitations and Delimitations

8.0 Operational Definitions

9.0 Conclusion

2)     To analyze the relationship between class size and the quality of learning mathematics.

3)     To evaluate the impacts of the increase in population of students in class room in their academic performance especially mathematics.

RQ.
1)     What are the factors of increased students’ population in government secondary school?

2)     How does class size influence on the quality of learning mathematics?

3)     What are the impacts of the increase in population of students in classroom in their academic performance especially mathematics?

3.0   Problem Statement

Motor skills such as gross motor skills and fine motor skills must be taught or expose to the children in early ages. However, there is a misconception where the maturation of the children was considered as the fundamental of motor skills development and the children acquired all the skills naturally without relying on a task demand and environmental factors. Maturation is one of the important factors in motor skill’s development however it must not be measured as a primary influence (Gallahue, Ozmun, & Goodway, 2012). The environmental factors such as giving the children a brief instruction and structured practice can promote their motor skills ability especially during the early infants when they started to learn on how to sit, crawl, stand and later on running and jumping. Apart from that, children motor skills also can be achieved by giving them the opportunity to develop themselves. For instance, let them running at the park, climbing the playground and dancing to the rhythm, through this way their motor skills proficiency can be develop more quickly. Environmental factors are important because the motor skills changes on the individual occur the best when there is an interaction with the environment. Children with good motor skills have high ability to integrate coordinative motions between nerves and muscles. Hence, they are more capable in producing good motor performance (Sutapa & Suharjana, 2019). If the children failed to engage with the environments, the tendency for the children to have a poor motor skills proficiency is high. Thus, the environmental factors are necessary in producing children with high motor skills proficiency.

                           

                                

4.0    Research Objectives

 

1. To determine the effect of environmental factors on the motor skills proficiency among the children.

2. To compare the children with a good motor proficiency with the children with poor motor proficiency.

3. To examine the relation between environmental factors and the children motor proficiency. 

 

5.0    Research Questions

 

1.      How the environmental factors affect the children motor skills proficiency?

2.      How to differentiate the children with a good motor proficiency and the children with poor motor proficiency?

3.      How to examine the relation between the environmental factors with the children motor proficiency?

High rates of psychological problems including depression among teenagers have been reported in various studies around the world. This mental health issues occur among teenagers are caused by many factors, including burn out from education, peer pressure, harsh parenting styles, family conflicts and many other reasons. Depression also generally touches a wide range of groups of population with no regard to their age, gender, educational status or socioeconomic status. Despite this fact, stress, depression and anxiety are prevailing mental health problems among college students (Kitzrow, 2003; Marthoenis, Meutia, Fathiariani, & Sofyan, 2018). World Health Organization estimated million teenagers are being affected and university students in Malaysian are no exception. Depression obviously affects how students feel and can also cause changes in their body. Major depression is considered a serious medical condition that may have a dramatic effect on student quality of life. All these factors would in turn negatively affect to students’ academic performance, impose additional burden to the student general health and even increase the risk of suicide.

 

4.0   Research Objectives.

1. To determine the role that faculty should take in supporting the student mental health. 

2. To identify the action and ways for parents to help their child in coping the depression during college.

3. To examine the factors associated with symptoms of depression among this population.

5.0   Research Questions.

1. What role should faculty play in supporting student mental health?

2. How can parents help their child cope with depression during college?

3. What are the factors associated with symptoms of depression among this population?

 

As to be clear that many young teenagers or students to be specific has been reach a Body Mass Index of Obesity based on the current trends. This is happening because of physically inactive for the most of them and not performing a healthy lifestyle. Many of the students does not realize the importance of taking part of performing in Physical and Health education class or lessons, especially for those who are studying in Secondary school. Considering that Physical and Health education is not an examination oriented subject that being implemented into SPM, some schools does not have complete equipment and facilities for the teacher to teach the Physical Education class based on its syllabus. The assessment also is for such a basic fitness test that will no much longer affecting their result in any possible ways. The time and assessment for this subject to be shown as quite little based on the students timetable where it only being perform only once a week. Therefore, some of the students also take this subject for granted without knowing how this subject will effect their lifestyle behavior and their health in the future. Overall, the high obesity rate in Malaysia shows that Physical and Health education need to be improve in term of their classes time and the assessment as the subject has less intention from the students in Secondary school.

Research Objectives

 

1. To determine the effect of strengthening the assessment of Physical and Health Education. It is to boost the morale of the students in learning physical and Health Education deeply. As the subject should be and can be implemented into daily life of the students and other people in future. 

 

2. To promote the trend of reducing the rate of obesity in Malaysia when students absorb Physical and Health Education as meaningful subject. 

3. To associate more time and assessment for Physical and Health education will improve the students Psycho motor skills, Cognitive skills and affective skills in their daily life.

Research Questions

 

1. What will be the effect if the assessment of Physical and Health Education are being strengthen up and become the important subject in the school system and does implementing it into SPM Examination will give a positive effect in expanding the knowledge of Physical and Health Education?

 

2. How far can Physical and Health Education role in reducing the rate of obesity in Malaysia especially students from secondary school?

 

3. Should the system reboot and give more time and assessment on Physical and Health Education as it is an important subject that provide healthy lifestyle for the students and people in the future and daily life?

- Sport are includes all forms of competitive physical activity or games which, through casual or organized participation, at least in part aim to use, maintain or improve physical ability and skills while providing enjoyment to participants, and in some cases, entertainment for spectators. When a country's economy thrives indirectly to help the country's sports development.The  health  of  the  population  and  the  economy  of  the  state  have  a  close  relationship  and interdependence, not only does the economy affect the health of the population, but also the health of the population affects the economy of the state (Baranova, 2019). From an economic point of view, physical culture and  sports  can  be considered  as  a type  of  socially  useful activity  for  providing various  services related to the non-productive sphere and therefore not directly involved in the creation of a material product.This can be seen more closely in terms of providing facilities for athletes and their welfare to stay awake. The problem statement is te economy can give some effect to the sport development will indirectly affect the reputation of the athletes in their performances. In addition, the facilities provided may not be as good as developed countries, so the athletes need to be sent to other countries to receive adequate training.

 

4.0  Research Objective

a-      To ensure that the facilities provided are adequate

b-      To ensure the welfare of the athletes awake

c-      To examine that there is no impact on athletes with the current economic situation

 

5.0  Research Question

a-      What the impact to the athletes to their performance?

b-      How does the government help the sport athletes welfare ?

c-      What effect that will be faced by athletes based economy?

 

The lack of nutrient intake can lead to the decline of athlete performance.  The athlete are lack in the area of knowledge about the importance of nutritional intake. They tend to eat whatever they think good for themselves as long it will not make them sick. They did not even consider the nutritional balance for their body. So, it will result in poor performance during a certain activities or competitions. Their body cannot keep on going during competition because of lack of nutritional needs. The worst possible outcome maybe they will collapse during tournament because their body cannot supply the nutrient need for fueling the body during intense activities.

 

1.       To determine the effects of nutritional knowledge on enhancing athlete performance and lead them to have better performance in activities.

2.       To compare the athlete with good performance and the athlete with poor performance.

3.       To evaluate the impact of the government help in increasing the awareness about nutritional balance among athlete.

 

1.       What are the effects of knowledge about nutritional intake among athlete and how can it lead to better performance?

2.       How to differentiate the athlete with good performance and the athlete with poor performance?

3.       How can the government help raise the awareness about nutritional balance among athlete?

Physical inactivity increases stress and anxiety, disease such as various forms of cancer and diabetes, and inflammation. Physical inactivity is a major health crisis. This is one of the main health concerns in the 21st century. Physical activity at moderate to vigorous intensities exists in quality physical education programs developed with physical literacy as their foundation. Physical activity was directly affected by student engagement and perceived competence in PE and indirectly affected by students’ association with PE engagement. Old School Physical Education focused on developing athletes and educators were not held accountable for the use of pedagogy, thus making the field unnecessary and or expendable. For this research, the researcher wants to find out how the implementation of 21^ST Century Learning in physical activities among the secondary school students at school. Other than that, researcher want to discover if there are any changes on the interest in physical activities level either decreasing, improving or maintain. The researcher found out that the engagement in physical activity is limited. Most of the students spent most of their time doing their homework given by their teachers. 

is this taken from previous research? pls rewrite using your own ideas - pmdr.ros

Beside that, the homework that they want to finish took longer time to complete it. Other than that, there are only certain students who really enjoy and want to perform physical activities. The rest of the students are not interest in doing physical activity. This is partly contributed by background of the students. There are some students who is rarely perform physical activity during their primary school. Plus, they already get use to the habit of not performing physical activities.

1. To find out the perception of secondary school students in physical activities involvement in Physical and Health Education Class

2. To identify the level of effectiveness in implementing 21^ST Century Learning in physical activities.

3. To examine the strategies in 21^ST Century Learning that encourage students’ involvement in physical activity.

Research Questions
1. What are the factors that affected the students interest in Physical and Health Education

2. How does the 21^ST Century Learning are effective in Physical and Health Education 

2. How to implement 21^ST Century Learning in Physical and Health Learning

Disability is a complex concept that refers to the limited opportunities and special needs of people, but this does not mean that people are inferior to people with disabilities. Children with intellectual and development disabilities (IDD) are at a risk for getting diseases due to the unaware of the importance of physical activity (PA) in daily life because of the lack of knowledge and exposure to the activities. They also struggle to understand and do one thing at a time. Rather than centring on fitness as a single donor to wellbeing, physical education places accentuation on the assortment of components that are indispensable to being physically dynamic all through the life course (Whitehead, 2010). For a child to gotten to be physically proficient, they require sufficient openings to create the competence to perform a collection of development aptitudes; be that as it may, rehashed hone of individual skills in separation isn't sufficient. A child moreover ought to have the confidence to perform those aptitudes in an assortment of exercises and settings.In addition, the lack of exposure of parents, school, and other associations to PA in childhood has contributed to their lack of interest in participating in PA. Therefore, activities should be implemented and centralized so that children with intellectual and development disabilities (IDD) can involve in physical activities. This activity must be easy and suitable for their ability to participate.

1. To determine the effects of engaging with physical activities (PA) toward children with intellectual and development disabilities (IDD).

2. To examine the type of physical activities suitable for student with intellectual and development disabilities.

3. To evaluate the participation in the physical activities among student with intellectual and development disabilities

1.What is the effects of engaging with physical activities (PA) toward student with intellectual and development disabilities (IDD)?

2.How to examine the type of physical activities that suitable for student with intellectual and development disabilities?

3.How to evaluate the participation in the physical activities among student with intellectual and development disabilities (IDD)?

 

1.       To investigate the impacts of the parent’s involvement in doing Mathematics homework among the students with dyscalculia.

2.       To study the techniques that parents use to guide the students with dyscalculia in doing Mathematics.

3.       To identify the obstacles faced by the parents in guiding the students with dyscalculia in learning Mathematics.

1.       What are the impacts of the parent’s involvement in doing Mathematics homework among the students with dyscalculia?

2.       What techniques do parents use to guide the students with dyscalculia in doing Mathematics?

3.       What are the obstacles faced by the parents in guiding the students with dyscalculia in learning Mathematics?

2017315559

 
Problem Statement

Healthy lifestyle among children has been controversial because some of them belief that physical activity needs to be strenuous to achieve health benefits. This is happening because parents lack of awareness of what activities were considered moderate physical activity. Some of the well-known benefits of exercise are controls weight, combats health diseases, improves emotional stability, and promotes better sleep among children. Many people think one must belong to a gym to be active and stay healthy. However, people have failed to notice by playing active video games can helps the children to influence their physical, cognitive, and psychosocial development through play. If we continue to believe physical activity puts children at risk for injury, this directly affects the large number of obese children in our country today because of the lack of physical exercise. Once we understand the importance of physical activity among children, we will begin to see the answer to the problem on how to play a key role in helping our children become more physically active. Active video games also allows individuals to begin at their own fitness level in safe and relaxed surroundings. In addition, playing active video games systems is an intervention individuals like to do (Worley, Rogers and Kraemer, 2011). However, if the parents failed to colors their children lifestyle, the tendency for the children to have an obesity is high.

 

Research Objectives
1.  To observe perceive among parents through active video game can relate to physical activity of the children
2.  To determine the effect of active video game to physical and health of children
3.  To identify a ways to get kids interested in staying healthy

1.  How did parents perceive active video game can relate to physical activity of the children?

2.  How might active video gaming effect physical and health of children?
3.  What a way to get kids interested in staying healthy?

Students in Malaysia who need to take Physical & Health Education subject will always have a problem with the facilities at their school. It always occurs when they need to do all the activities regarding sports especially for the class purpose. They need to use the facilities for applying all the content in Physical and Health Education. Due to this problems, the teachers will not able to conduct the class properly. Lack of sports and exercises facilities also affect the PHE teachers in observing their student’s progression. The flow of the teaching and learning process will be distracted and it will come out with lots of negative consequences. 

The issues here are to highlight that difference area have different types of sport facilities. We are focusing on the rural area school. Sometimes the condition of the facilities in the rural areas school also in a bad and very poor condition which is not suitable and safe to be use by their students. These sports and exercises facilities issues and status have disrupted the effectiveness of their classes.  Nevertheless, it not just affecting for Physical and Health Education’s student class but also affecting all the sports and exercises activities in that particular area. All of this problems will lead students to become passive and the opportunity to show their hidden will become lesser.  

 

1.       To identify type and condition of the sport facilities in rural area school and comparing the facilities between their area. 

2.       To determine the effect of sport facilities in rural areas in conducting Physical and Health Education and sport activities. 

3.       To find out the way of PHE teachers conducting their classes and the progression of their students in the class.

 

1.       What are the real situation of the sport facilities in rural area’s school and how do they cope with that situation.

2.       How do the Physical and Health education are being taught with that kind of situation and do the PHE teachers adjusting the activities to meet the sports requirement

3.       What are the effort of the school administrations to fulfill the needs of Physical and Health Education classes

2.   To find the relationship between students’ interest and their achievement.  

3.   To identify the teaching approaches that can foster positive attitude towards mathematics.

Research Questions (RQ): 
1.   What is the impact of innovative teaching approaches on students’ affective?

2.   What is the relationship between students’ interest and their achievement? 

3.   What kind of teaching approaches that can foster positive attitude towards mathematics?

Research Objective:

1) To identify the range of students’ perception towards mathematics. 

2) To find students’ personal factors that affect their performance in mathematics @To examine whether there is a relationship between the identified perception constructs and student performance in mathematics.

3) To determine the strategies to enhance positive perception and interest of students in mathematics.

Research Question:

1) Do students have negative perception and attitudes toward mathematics subject?

2) Which of the identified perception constructs have a direct influence on students’ performance?

3) What strategies to enhance positive perception and interest of students in mathematics. 

Examination is manly test students about the academic and legal knowledge through multiple-choice questions (MCQ) and essay writing (So, 2015). In order to answer MCQ and essay writing, there is some technique in order to score it. So, some teachers teach more about the technique how to score in examination rather than teach the application of the knowledge in real life. Not only that, examination that conducted in schools may lead students to focus more on how to get good mark in exam rather than understand what they learned and apply it in their daily life. In this research, the researcher wants to find out about the impact of exam-oriented in educational system to students and find out whether there is another way in order to test students understanding.

 

RO

1) To observe the understanding of students towards what they had learned.

2) To observe the pressure of parents to students.

3) To identify the type of approaches that received by the students.

 
RQ

1) Can students apply what they understand into real life?
2) Do the students get pressure from the parents in order to get an excellent grade in exam?
3) Do students adapt with the teacher’s approaches? 

 

- To analyze how soft skills can help in producing competitive citizens of Malaysia.

- To investigate the relationship of the wide areas of mathematics with the job opportunity that can help the growth of a country’s economy.

Research Questions
- What is the function of educational institutes in introducing mathematics to the students?

- How soft skills can help in producing competitive citizens towards a well develop country?

- How does the wide areas of mathematics can help in offering job opportunity to help a country’s economic growth?

            Instructional approaches that capture and sustain children’s interest are essential in changing the mathematics learning trajectories of early childhood. Parents and adults in general play a crucial role in guiding children in the age of three to six years old’s education. (theory) Children need encouragement and supervision in order to ensure that they are doing it the right way as young children cannot comprehend important mathematical meanings. Nevertheless, most parents are busy with works and are incapable of giving their best in managing other commitments and giving their children enough attention. Other than sending the children to kindergarten or pre-school, they still need parents’ encouragement. Parents are undoubtedly trying to juggle between their schedules in order to ensure their children’s performance in mathematics. 

Research observation:

1. To find whether parents’ involvement in children’s mathematics learning influence their education.

2. To ensure that the parents know their children’s learning style.

3. To study the effective strategy and pedagogy being used by the parents.

 

Research question:

1. How does parents’ involvement in children’s mathematics learning influence their education.

2. Does the parents know their children’s learning style?

3. Does effective strategy and pedagogy being used by the parents?