Timeline: The Troubles in Northern Ireland (1968-1998) by

5 October 1968: Civil Rights March in Derry

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:55 UTC

The Northern Ireland Civil Rights Association (NICRA) organized a peaceful march in Derry that was violently suppressed by the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC). This event is often considered the beginning of The Troubles, highlighting discrimination against the Catholic minority.

August 1969: Battle of the Bogside

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:55 UTC

A three-day riot erupted in Derry's Bogside area when tensions between Catholic residents and the RUC reached a breaking point. This led to the deployment of British troops in Northern Ireland, initially welcomed by Catholics as protectors.

30 January 1972: Bloody Sunday

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:55 UTC

British soldiers shot 26 unarmed civilians during a peaceful civil rights protest in Derry, killing 14. This event marked a significant escalation in the conflict and led to increased support for the IRA among the Catholic community.

17 May 1974: Dublin and Monaghan Bombings

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:55 UTC

The deadliest day of The Troubles when loyalist paramilitaries planted four car bombs in Dublin and Monaghan, killing 33 civilians and injuring almost 300. No one was ever charged for the attacks.

1981: Hunger Strikes

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:55 UTC

Republican prisoners, led by Bobby Sands, began hunger strikes in the Maze Prison demanding political prisoner status. Ten men died, including Sands who was elected as an MP during the strike. This event generated international attention and support for the Republican cause.

15 December 1993: Downing Street Declaration

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:56 UTC

British Prime Minister John Major and Irish Taoiseach Albert Reynolds signed this declaration, affirming Northern Ireland's right to self-determination and setting the stage for peace negotiations.

31 August 1994: IRA Ceasefire

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:56 UTC

The Provisional IRA announced a complete cessation of military operations, followed by loyalist paramilitaries' ceasefire in October. This paved the way for inclusive peace talks.

10 April 1998: Good Friday Agreement

taramangan — 2025-02-13 08:58:56 UTC

The signing of the Belfast Agreement (Good Friday Agreement) marked the official end of The Troubles. It established a power-sharing assembly, reformed policing, and created new cross-border institutions. The agreement was approved by referendums in both Northern Ireland and the Republic of Ireland.

What was the troubles

2025-02-13 14:09:33 UTC

It refers to the conflict that occurred in Northern Ireland from the late 1960’s to 1998

Short-term causes

2025-02-14 13:56:24 UTC

Education Act, 1941 & Catholic leadership

Free secondary education for all

Increased funding for catholic schools

Grants for university courses

John Hume and Austin Currie

The day the troubles began

2025-02-14 13:58:07 UTC

5th October 1968, civil rights march,derry

Stopped by RUC

Police used batons and water cannons to stop

Cameras captured the beatings

O neill forced to bring in reform

Pasiely fought against those changes

O Neill forced to resign in 1969

Long term causes

2025-02-14 13:58:23 UTC

Conquest and Colonisation

The Ulster Plantation - land was given to Protestant planters

The famine - British refused to help starving and dying Irish

The day the troubles began Albie Aaron and Glenn ☃️

2025-02-14 13:59:08 UTC

The day the troubles began

5 of October 1968 civil rights march derry stopped by ruc used water

Violent clashes broke out

O neill forced to bring in reforms

Short term causes

2025-02-14 13:59:38 UTC

Struggle for independence

Paramilitary tradition v physical force tradition
act of Union 1800 brought in direct rule

Civil rights

2025-02-14 13:59:50 UTC

NICRA organised marches in Derry and Belfast.

Terrance O’Neill wanted to improve relations. This made loyalists hate him.

UVF killed innocent catholics.

3. Civil rights

2025-02-14 14:00:02 UTC

NICRA (1967)

Included marches, demonstrations and rioting in Derry & Belfast
Terence O'Neill made efforts to improve relations.
Loyalists (extreme
unionists) resented O'Neill
UVF formed and Catholics were killed.

2025-02-14 14:00:34 UTC

Discrimination, local government, housing, jobs (factories built in Protestant areas) gerrymandering.