My journal by Ephraim Ma

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-08-23 18:24:04 UTC

Does the amount of water affect the # of seeds germinating in 72 hours?

Hypothesis

em281661 — 2024-08-23 18:25:56 UTC

Null hypothesis: There will be no difference

Alternative Hypothesis: There will be different results and the amount of water will affect each plant.

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-08-23 18:30:57 UTC

Place filter paper in 4 petri dishes
Measure and add 5, 10, 15, 20 ml of water
Place 10 mung beans evenly spaced in each dish
Put on window sill for 72 hours
Record results

CER

em281661 — 2024-08-26 18:38:59 UTC

The amount of water does affect the # of seeds germinating in 72 hours. The data shown in our experiment shows that a differnet amount of seeds germinated with different amounts of water. Theis evidence supports the claim because the test was run once by multiple groups of people so it is reliable and valid, therefore, the evidence supports the claim the amount of water does affect the # of seeds germinating in 72 hours.

em281661 — 2024-08-27 18:24:10 UTC

Group CER

em281661 — 2024-08-27 18:35:04 UTC

Water does affect the number of seeds germinated in 72 hours. The average amount of seeds germinated in 10 ml of water was 8 seeds, and the average amount of seeds germinated in 5 ml was 1.3. There was no overlap between 5ml and 10ml error bars. Water expands seeds, delivers oxygen, activates enzymes for respiration which provides energy for growth, and it is a catalyst to speed up the growth process.

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-08-30 15:12:27 UTC

Does moisture affect where the isopods choose to go?

Hypothesis

em281661 — 2024-08-30 15:13:39 UTC

Null Hypothesis: Moisture will not affect the bugs

Alternative Hypothesis: Moisture will affect the bugs

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-08-30 17:56:04 UTC

Make sure there are five bugs on each side
Start timer and record data after every minute for ten minutes

Wet VS Dry

em281661 — 2024-08-30 18:06:10 UTC

Moisture will not affect the amount of bugs on each side. Our experiment showed that the amount of bugs on each side when the average was calculated was very close and it overlapped, and this means there was no statistical difference.

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-08-30 18:11:03 UTC

Will the amount of light affect the number of bugs on each side?

Hypotheses

em281661 — 2024-08-30 18:16:50 UTC

Null Hypothesis: The amount of light won't affect the # of bugs on each side

Alternate Hypothesis: The amount of light will affect the # of bugs on each side

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-08-30 18:19:12 UTC

Make sure there are 5 bugs on each side
Cover 1 side with aluminum foil
Record data after every minute for 10 minutes

Light VS Dark CER

em281661 — 2024-09-02 18:36:14 UTC

The amount of light does affect the number of bugs on each on each side. The chart above shows that the information does not overlap. The fact that the data does not overlap shows that there is a difference between the number of bugs on each side and it supports the claim that the amount of light does affect the number of bugs on each on each side.

em281661 — 2024-09-02 18:36:45 UTC

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-09-27 17:41:03 UTC

Does the amount of nutrients affect the growth of duckweed?

Hypothesis

em281661 — 2024-09-27 17:45:38 UTC

Null hypothesis: The amount of nutrients does not affect duckweed growth

Alternate hypothesis: The amount of nutrients does affect duckweed growth

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-09-27 17:48:21 UTC

Measure 125 ml into each cup
Add 10 live duckweed into each cup
Add different amounts of miracle grow
Collect data over 9 days
Record results

Duckweed CER

em281661 — 2024-09-30 18:04:53 UTC

The amount of nutrients does affect the growth of duckweed because nitrates and phosphates increase plant growth. The graph above shows that the cup with the most nutrients in it had the most duckweed in it. 15 drops of nutrient solution grew the most duckweed. Based on this evidence, one can conclude that the amount of nutrients does affect the growth of duckweed because nitrates and phosphates increase plant growth because nitrates help plant's roots grow and phosphates help plants convert the sun's energy into food, fiber, and oil (Photosynthesis).

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-10-02 17:57:44 UTC

How does proximity to H2O affect biodiversity in community park?

Hypothesis

em281661 — 2024-10-02 17:58:50 UTC

Null: Proximity to H2O will not affect biodiversity

Alternate: Proximity to H2O will affect biodiversity

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-10-02 18:01:32 UTC

Set up glue traps in different areas of community park
Leave traps for one day
Collect the traps
Record data

CER

em281661 — 2024-10-08 02:02:12 UTC

Proximity to H2O does affect biodiversity because insects rely on water. The richness and abundance bar graph shows more biodiversity in the areas closer to the water. There were only six different species on the hill, while in the marsh and near the bridge, there were 11 different species. Also, the Simpsons diversity index data table shows that the hill has less diversity than the marsh and the bridge. Higher diversity indexes mean that there is more biodiversity, and the hill only has a diversity index of 0.45, while the marsh has an index of 0.88 and the bridge has an index of 0.76. Therefore, this evidence supports the claim that proximity to H2O does affect biodiversity because insects rely on water because some insects are born in water, and most insects need to draw moisture from their environment in order to survive.

em281661 — 2024-10-08 02:06:29 UTC

em281661 — 2024-10-08 02:11:16 UTC

em281661 — 2024-10-08 02:15:51 UTC

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-10-25 18:20:19 UTC

Does light affect the CO2 levels in a container with spinach levels?

Hypotheses

em281661 — 2024-10-25 18:21:52 UTC

Null: Light does not affect the CO2 levels in a container with spinach leaves.

Alternate: Light does not affect the CO2 levels in a container with spinach leavesLight does affect the CO2 levels in a container with spinach leaves.

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-10-25 18:28:22 UTC

Put 20 pieces of spinach in the container
Place the CO2 sensor in the bottle and put the bottle on the window
Do the same test again but with aluminum foil surrounding the bottle
Record the data

em281661 — 2024-10-25 18:31:51 UTC

em281661 — 2024-10-25 18:32:41 UTC

em281661 — 2024-10-25 18:32:53 UTC

CER

em281661 — 2024-10-25 18:35:14 UTC

The amount of light does affect the CO2 levels in a container with spinach because plants do more photosynthesis in the light than in the dark. In the data table, the average change in CO2 in the light was -422, while in the dark the average change in CO2 was 723. In the data table, the change in CO2 in light without spinach was 62.8, and the change in CO2 in the dark without spinach was -29. The evidence supports my claim the amount of light does affect the CO2 levels in a container with spinach because plants do more photosynthesis in the light than in the dark because plants use the sunlight to gain energy and convert CO2 into O2 and they also do respiration which releases CO2, whereas in the dark plants only do respiration thus causing an increase in CO2. The spinach did more photosynthesis than respiration in the light which is why the change in CO2 is negative. In the control experiments that didn't have any spinach in the bottles, the results were the opposite because since there were no plants in the light to do photosynthesis the CO2 levels increased, while in the dark since there were no plants to do respiration the CO2 levels decreased.

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-10-31 18:34:58 UTC

Does germination affect the amount of CO2 produced?

Hypotheses

em281661 — 2024-10-31 18:36:39 UTC

Null: Germination does not affect the amount of CO2 produced.

Alternate: Germination does affect the amount of CO2 produced.

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-10-31 18:38:52 UTC

Place 25 dormant seeds in the bottle
Place the CO2 device in the bottle
Wait 8 minutes then record the data
Repeat this process but with germinating seeds

CER

em281661 — 2024-10-31 18:40:46 UTC

Germination does affect the amount of CO2 produced because germinating cells do respiration. The line chart shows that the germinating duckweed's (yellow line) CO2 levels only went up, and the dormant duckweed's (blue line) CO2 levels only went down. The germinating seed's CO2 levels (ppm) rose past 650, while the dormant seed's CO2 levels (ppm) decreased to around 200. In conclusion, the evidence supports my claim germination does affect the amount of CO2 produced because germinating cells do respiration. After all, every living thing does cellular respiration, but when an organism is dormant, it does nothing. Germinating cells and dormant cells are both alive, but they're not both active. Only germinating cells are active.

em281661 — 2024-11-05 23:55:32 UTC

Testable Question

em281661 — 2024-11-26 19:16:59 UTC

Does the concentration of sugar water affect the % mass change in potatoes?

Hypotheses

em281661 — 2024-11-26 19:19:51 UTC

Null: Concentration of sugar does not affect % mass change in potatoes

Alternate: Concentration of sugar does affect % mass change in potatoes

Procedure

em281661 — 2024-11-26 19:21:32 UTC

Put 3 potato cores in each cup

Label the cups
Put 25ml of each corresponding sugar water in each cup
4. Put on the window and wait 24 hours
Record data

CER

em281661 — 2024-11-26 19:22:27 UTC

The concentration of sugar water does affect the % mass change in potatoes due to osmosis. The graph shows that the potatoes with 25 ml of 0 and 0.2 sugar water had an increase in their mass percentage, while the other potatoes with 25 ml of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 sugar water had a decrease in mass percentage. The data table shows that the potatoes with 25 ml of 0 and 0.2 sugar water had average increased mass changes of 17.4% and 6.2%, while the potatoes with 25 ml of 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 sugar water had average decreased mass changes of -16.7, -28.3, and -38.2. In conclusion, this evidence supports my claim the concentration of sugar water does affect the % mass change in potatoes due to osmosis because osmosis is the process of a solution with a high concentration of water molecules to a solution with a lower concentration of water molecules. There was a higher concentration in the 0 and 0.2 amounts of sugar water, which is why the mass went up, and there was a lower concentration in the 0.4, 0.6, and 0.8 amounts of sugar water.

em281661 — 2024-11-26 19:26:07 UTC