Stepping Into the Shoes of Congress by Nico Robert R. Martin

zofiaagama — 2021-07-29 10:57:38 UTC

As is, I believe that the laws we have in place now are "sufficient"--and maybe even more than enough (albeit many forthcoming advocacies demand more laws to be created in accordance with the times). I think then, that, rather than proposing new laws for enactment, it may be better for us to commit to stringent implementations of the laws we already have now which can be achieved in having more active and competent political actors across different government branches performing no less than what is expected of them by the Constitution.

National Forensic Service

2021-08-04 07:18:18 UTC

aim for a rapid and accurate examinations through analysis and interpretation necessary for crime investigations. As of now, we only have decentralized forensic service (PNP, NBI, UP) which helped solve crimes like the Ampatuan Massacre but it took them years. There's no separation of investigation done scientifically and investigation done by the military and police.

LAWS IN ANTICIPATION OF INDUSTRY 4.0 BOOM

2021-08-04 13:10:28 UTC

We are on the cusp of the 4th industrial revolution and we don't currently have enough - or the right - laws in place to anticipate for the boom that is about to hit us. Because of the rapid advancement of technology with the rise of open-source information, faster chips, cloud computing, more cost-efficient production of components, etc, we will see a rise in the use of robotics and AI that will no longer just be confined to industrial settings. Technology WILL integrate itself more and more into day-to-day life, so it is important to have forward-thinking laws set in place to anticipate that. Technology evolves fast, it would be wise to act now rather than play catch up later on.

Sustainable Education

2021-08-05 02:43:58 UTC

Hopefully, a law that will tackle the root causes of high drop-outs in rural communities and hopefully amend the National Budget for education to address these root problems nationwide. This pertains to sustaining the free public education the government already offers. Yes, education is already available but the schools and school supplies provided to the most remote areas of the country are not sustainable for different communities. We have schools who lack bridges that forces students to swim through rivers, young girls dropping out because their parents do not believe they need education because they'll be housewives someday, other youth dropping out because of poverty that results to lack of allowance, money for projects and other school supplies they may need.

For Teachers and Seafarers

2021-08-05 15:20:33 UTC

I'm the daughter of both a teacher and a seafarer and what I've noticed is that both aren't afforded as much protection and rights, even though the former shapes the minds of society and the latter is responsible for increasing our national income because of their remittances. In the future, I hope to create laws for both these professions. For teachers, I hope to find a way to increase their pay and benefits, as well as to regulate their workload so they can better mold the younger generation that passes through their hands. Especially with the pandemic going on, teachers have been having the hardest time. The burden is on them to keep students going during the pandemic, but they are neither respected nor supported in their efforts. As for seafarers, although we're known for producing the best seafarers who are so often sought abroad, we rarely give thought to the things they go through. In the future, I want to create laws that protect them from companies who neglect their rights, and I want to ensure that there are laws that protect them from being wrongfully removed from their post without explanation, as well as laws that secure their benefits, so they can work without the fear that their company has no safety nets in place for their needs.

Against the Storm

2021-08-06 06:33:49 UTC

Passing laws that focus on protecting coastal areas which are vulnerable to flooding during the typhoon and season. We have all seen the rehabilitation of Manila Bay and how the dolomite beach project was a failure and waste of public funds. While the execution was poor, I believe the intent was in the right direction. Laws committing to providing these coastal towns and cities with Mangrove plantations in coastal areas of the Philippines can help repel flooding. Providing a budget for this project can help create a sustainable defense mechanism against flooding.

An Act to increase the salary and benefits of Health care workers

2022-07-12 00:00:47 UTC

Even before the pandemic the health care workers of the country have been given improper compensation for their service to the the public. This has been aggravated by the pandemic, and it has shown into light the poor conditions our HCW (health care workers) has been experiencing. With this law it will increase the salaries of the members of the health care team which includes but not limited to medical technologists, pharmacists, physical therapists, etc. It will also increase the benefits that will be given to them like discount or free healthcare services for them and their family and increase hazard pay. This is to ensure that they will have compensation that will help them live with comfort and be able to support their family, disenfranchising them to leave the country and work abroad.

Freedom of Speech

2022-07-12 01:04:39 UTC

In the 1987 Constitution under Article III Section 4, it states that “No law shall be passed abridging the freedom of speech”. To zoom in on this particular section, this includes freedom of expression from the press or media outlets and from citizens themselves who desire to be involved in political participation, even if this participation is to criticize the government’s actions. However, especially during the onslaught of the pandemic, we have seen from President Duterte the following injustices: 1) the Anti-Terror Law, 2) the shutdown of ABS-CBN and 3) a military-centered approach over a medical one in terms of addressing the issues of that COVID-19 brought upon us. Even today, under President Marcos, the news circulating surrounding the shutting down of Rappler’s operating license has been a cause for concern especially for journalists who wish to reveal the harsh realities about being under our current administration. Therefore, I realized the lack of legal doctrine (and implementation of such) that aims to protect the freedom of speech of citizens and mass media outlets alike. In a nation that is flawed with historical revisions and plagued with false information, this law could aid the Filipino people obtain a basic human right without having to fear the consequences that the government would impose.

Workers in the Gig Economy

2022-07-12 08:05:59 UTC

The Philippines is one of the most actively engaged countries in online work. Research published by the Philippine Institute for Development Studies in 2022 found that the Philippines ranked third when it segregated members Upwork, an online work platform by country. The pandemic has only increased the market for online work, however, no legislation has been passed to address the working conditions of online workers. This is said to be because of the ambiguity of their employment status. Without such laws in place, workers in the gig economy have little to no leeway to negotiate their work and guidelines for safe working conditions.

Mass Urban Transport Planning Law

2022-07-12 15:04:32 UTC

Metro Manila has one of the worst traffic congestion in the entire world. This can be attributed to the lack of quality transport infrastructure and a poor urban transport system. This pushes people to buy their own cars instead of using public transportation. As a commuter myself, I have experienced being 30 minutes late to my 8 AM class even though I left my residence at 6 AM. Rush hour hits differently in Manila. With that being said, if I were a lawmaker, I would propose a law that will establish a mass urban transport planning group that will be primarily responsible for the development of the Metro's messy transport system. They will also be the ones in charge of coordinating with other administrative agencies such as the DPWH and DOTC with regard to the improvements that can be made to the current mass transport system. Finally, the mass urban transport planning group shall study how to efficiently utilize the transport facilities available (PITX, NAIA, MRT, LRT, Transport Hubs around the metro, etc.) and find a way to make them interconnected with each other. This will encourage people to use the Metro's mass transport system instead of using their personal cars, which would ultimately lead to decongested roads.

On Saving Through Savings

2022-07-12 16:30:41 UTC

Given the current state of our community where most of our daily activities consume energy, a lot of energy and similarly, a huge amount of money is being spent to sustain such highly technical lifestyle, may it be at home and more so, at work. As an advocate for sustainable development and environmental protection, I would propose a law that would mandate all government offices to use solar energy as a main source of energy in order to be more self-sufficient, environmentally sustainable and of course, cost effective. Such law would allow the maximization of the solar energy our tropical country offers while at the same time, offer more savings for such offices giving more allowance for projects and other relevant expenses. Laws on the environment are usually undermined but when looking at the bigger picture, passing a law that would both be beneficial in the short-run and in the long-run would allow us, as a country, to be more sustainable as we discover more ways to reallocate budgets to pave way for those social issues that need more attention. Indeed, this law focuses on saving (the environment) through saving (money -- through the use of solar energy).

Supporting Low-Income Families in Job Training and Inclusivity in Private Corporations plus benefits.

2022-07-13 03:03:50 UTC

Housing projects, I believe, can never train a fisherman to fish, or giving money from local governments can never train a farmer to farm. Likewise, buying their votes would never raise them out of poverty.

This law will feature a management department from selected private companies that are open for employment and that will train individuals from low-income households, male and female, aged 18 and above, to work as civil servants, housekeepers, teachers, call-center agents, and the like.

The training will support these people for a period of time until their abilities are adequate for such roles, and it will utilize contractual agreements with them while they spend their lives working for themselves rather than collecting government bequests and gifts.

Support should be as progressive as the times get. There are more jobs to be filled and more stomachs to feed.

Free Mental Health Care for All and Mental Health Education for All

2022-07-13 12:55:19 UTC

Mental health is such an overlooked part of people's well-beings, despite it having an immeasurable effect on people. Especially in the Philippines, mental health is still not recognized as part of a person's overall health. What I mean by that is, there is still a stigma around the topic, and people still do not understand what mental health and mental health illnesses are. To add, mental health illnesses are not taken as seriously as other illnesses, like heart diseases and whatnot.
I think these problems surrounding mental health will be diminished if people are educated about the topic/s. There will be much more understanding about it, and the stigma that comes with it will hopefully go away.

I also think that making psychological treatments or check-ups should be available for all who need them. It is vital to check on one's mental health even if a person is not experiencing mental health issues. Going to see a therapist should not be so controversial, it should be like going to see a doctor just because you want to check how your body is doing. Additionally, free mental health care will open so much possibilities for people suffering from mental health illnesses, but are being held back because of financial reasons-- which, by the way, is a chronic problem nowadays, especially with the rising cases of undiagnosed people yearly.

Increased budget for DOTr for the creation of trams

2022-07-13 14:39:35 UTC

As someone who has experienced riding trains both here in the Philippines and in our neighboring countries (Japan, Singapore), I have noticed that the lack of trams in our trains (MRT, LRT, PNR) are one of the main reasons why Filipino commuters are having a hard time going around Metro Manila. During rush hours, commuters are like sardines that are forced to stay in one tram even if it is already overcrowded. Moreover, I heard from the news that our trams are from other countries like Japan, China, and Korea which is a surprise since I know that our very talented engineers have the capacity to also create trams that are also high quality. With this, if I would become part of the Congress, I would like to propose to increase the budget of the Department of Transportation in order for them to hire more Filipino engineers and to create trams for our train system. In this way, the Department of Transportation will create more jobs for the Filipino engineers since they have the tendency to work in other countries because of lack of jobs here in our country. They will be encouraged to stay here because they know that they are working for their fellow Filipinos and that the wage is also high which is enough to support them and their family. The creation of trams will also help in making Filipino commuters' lives easier in their journey to their home, school, or work. A good transportation system will also discourage others from using their cars especially since oil gas prices are rising.

Electoral Reform Act

2022-07-14 05:17:06 UTC

Similar to the UK and the US, our current electoral system, "First-past-the-post" seems a simple voting system, but it is deeply flawed that it incentivizes tactical voting and leads to a two-party system that leads to polarization and voter discontent. This is also benefited political dynasties as they essentially replaced political parties by having their own two-party system usually between two competing families. The saying of "just vote for the candidate you wish" would not work in the current system and it might harm a large section of voters, because a candidate with a minority vote of 20% could win an election despite 80% of the voters did not vote for him or her. With that, the first-past-the-post system must be replaced by the alternative vote (ranked choice voting) on single-member positions such as the president, vice president, district representatives, governors, mayors, etc. Meanwhile, the single-transferable vote would be used for multi-member districts such as the Senate, provincial board members, and city councilors. These new systems have already been applied in Australia's House of Representatives and Senate. Under both Alternative and Single transferable vote, the elected members are elected by a majority or majority of voter's preference.

An Act to Initiate Sensitivity Training for Employees as a Requirement upon Employment

2022-07-14 09:32:01 UTC

It is no secret that a wide number of norms, concepts, and topics remain matters of taboo in the Philippines. As such, the result is the prevalence of minority groups and their tireless efforts to be heard, represented, and included. Among these minority groups are indigenous groups, persons with disabilities, and the LGBTQIA+ community. The very essence of Article III leverages how no individual should ever be “denied the equal protection of laws” (PHIL. CONST. Art II, §1). The aforementioned groups have undoubtedly amassed a high level of discrimination, most especially in public spaces. In the act of bringing this law forward, employees of all public spaces and establishments should be required to undergo sensitivity training, which will primarily be directed towards raising an employee’s awareness on his/her personal biases and prejudices, and ensuring that these do not abridge their sensitivity towards the individuals they are meant to serve, regardless of their backgrounds or affiliations with any present minority groups. In enacting this law, not only will this actualize the leveraging of the rights of those within these groups by means of sensitivity; it may also effect a level of awareness and acknowledgement on the matters that the general populace currently considers taboo, and otherwise refuses or fails to recognize.

An Act Regulating Financial Technology

2022-07-14 12:41:04 UTC

With the advent of Cryptocurrencies and use of financial technologies like G-Cash, there is no bill filed yet addressing the concerns regarding the use of financial technologies. The paper of Arlene Amstad (2019) regarding the regulation of Fintech is a great start of what we should look out for in this times that digital or online currencies are starting to become popular.

Currently, the BSP has only placed a consumer protector guidelines in the use of financial technologies. However, there are current pressing concerns regarding its use like fraud on its consumers or even potential money-laundering venue. Thus, it would be great if our country would have a law that would regulate this sector of finance.

An Act Regulating Children's Access to the Internet

2022-07-14 14:17:35 UTC

I honestly believe that childhood is one of the most important part of our lives. Our childhood is also known as our formative years. Before the internet generation, children were mostly taught by their parents, and most of the influences in the children's lives come from the parents. I believe that this is the most logical way of teaching children because it makes sense that the parents want the best lessons to be taught to their own children in order for the child to grow up to be a good member of society. Today, due to easy internet access, children's access to different social media sites and influencers on the internet could be detrimental to their well-being. I believe that some children are heavily influenced by the people/influencers they find on the internet, even more than the influences their own parents have on them. I find this to be problematic because the person looked up to by the children might be teaching the children things that might not be serving the best interest of the child. I believe that this has to be somehow regulated in order to allow the parents to become the main influence in the children's lives and not a random person the child finds on the internet who might eventually become their role-model. I believe that this measure could also strengthen families, which are the building blocks of a strong and healthy society.

Anti-Premature Campaigning Act

2022-07-14 14:18:51 UTC

Premature campaigning, as per the Omnibus Election Code, is understood as partisan political activity or engagement in political campaigns outside designated campaign periods. However, there exists no legislation that punishes premature campaigning as it is not considered illegal until the start of an official election campaign season where an individual officially becomes a candidate. The absence of a legal measure penalizing such activity places undue preference towards candidates with more machinery and resources therefore tilting the supposed opportunity for elected office under the law. Incumbents usually have the upper hand when they engage in such activity as their capacity to wield influence and campaign more effectively is evident. While it is a law that might be difficult to be passed as those who legislate it might be the ones engaging in it, it is but proper to attempt to push for such legislation for a healthier and more fair democracy. Possible remedies to such are (1) creating new guidelines and penalties for premature campaigning alongside (2) having more procedures in the pre-election season where individuals intending to run must file a Certificate of Intent to Run for Public Office, and (3) penalizing political parties should their candidates prematurely campaign. This in turn will prevent premature campaigning by making the candidates more liable in the eyes of the law and promoting party discipline within the ranks of political parties.

Anti-Online Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of Children

2022-07-14 15:54:38 UTC

There are recent reports circulating online about a youtube channel called “Usapang Diskarte” that encourages or even provides tips on child grooming and sexual abuse. The post contains screenshots of the said account including its lewd content and comments. It is alarming to see that these things are out in the open and very accessible to the public. This should be stopped immediately for it promotes a disgusting culture that preys on the vulnerability and innocence of children. With the fast-evolving technology today, it is only a matter of time before it reaches a wider audience that can become a potential threat to public safety, especially the children. Thus, it is important to sign into law Senate Bill No. 2068 or Anti-Online Sexual Abuse and Exploitation of Children (Anti-OSAEC) proposed by Sen. Risa Hontiveros.

Gun Law Reform

2022-07-14 16:41:36 UTC

The Philippines has a concerning problem with gun violence. While it is not exactly rampant in school shootings like the USA, owning a gun in the Philippines is very easy, despite our current gun law (Comprehensive Firearms and Ammunition Regulation Act).

Many gun stores would skip through regulatory documents or find a legal loophole to easily sell firearms to civilians. There is also the case of firearm black market, where gun smuggling has become a growing market. Given what a breeze it is for gun trade to thrive, police surveillance and regulatory enforcement has become close to zero.

Riding in tandem has become a popular crime, with guns often as the choice of weapon. Both civilians and politicians are alarmingly vulnerable to riding-in-tandem gun deaths, and even more during election season. The Maguindanao Massacre was a very important example of how easy access to guns (especially by influential political actors) can be abused for a horrifying benefit. Also, there is a need to examine the abuse of gun authority that the police consistently perform - we are not invulnerable to police brutality.

To mitigate gun ownership, I would implement stricter background checks not only for new gun applicants, but for present gun owners. There needs to be a routine check up of the gun owner, as well as their registered gun. Under the aforementioned background check, psychological examination of the gun owner needs to be stricter and consistent. This is also applied to every renewal filed by the owner.

While I believe every person has a right to defend themselves, I also believe that is necessary that every person needs to be mentally and physically fit to carry a firearm, as this weapon was meant to cause harm. Furthermore, it needs to emphasized that carrying such weapon means understanding the heavy responsibility; in which it can pose a danger to many lives, whether intended or not.

Suspension of Excise Tax on Gas and Fuels

2022-07-14 19:07:49 UTC

The fuel prices has been increasing rapidly and almost multiplying itself around four times from it price in 2016. The implications of the rising fuels without any remedies would negatively affect primarily public transportation which includes jeepney drivers, taxi drivers, and bus drivers. It would also affect private transportation as generally it increases the cost of living for the people who depends on fuel. Suspending tax on fuel would greatly benefit the working class who depends on fuel on work or going to work.

Anti-Padrino Bill

2022-07-15 02:04:43 UTC

The patron Client system is one of the root cause why the Philippines continue to face a lot of issues/problems specifically in terms of governance. This particular culture gets stronger, as people favor the system where “padrinos” or “connections” is crucial just to be appointed or hired in the different offices of the government. Yet, Padrino system is not just limited to that issues. “Padrinos” are also used in other circumstances such as but not limited to having a special treatment in the different institutions.

Due to this culture, problems such as corruption and rent-seeking became a dominant issue in the Philippine Government. In the past, there are moves taken by some government leaders to weaken the Padrino system in the country. The late, former Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago even filed a bill known as the “Anti-recommendations act,” adhering that there a lot of people accepted in the different offices of the government not because of merit, but due to their “Padrino” who may be their family members or relatives that are in the higher positions of the government. Sadly, it was documented that the bill filed by Senator Santiago did not become law.

In addition, other institutions such as the Civil Service Commission promotes the system of Merit and Fitness which is completely in contrast to the Padrino culture. Merit and Fitness stick to the vitality of qualifications in order to be accepted or appointed in the different offices of the government. However, Padrino culture is still evidently practiced by different offices, even if LGUs and other government offices pronounced that they are not supporting this negative culture.

With this, it is already time to pass a law that will penalize the actions of people who are using padrinos, as well as the padrinos (people/government leaders) who are using their positions in the government, to accept or give favor to their fellow family members or relatives. This law will be a big step to stop corruption in the different offices of government and will strengthen the system of merit and fitness.

An Act Strengthening the Party System in the Philippines

2022-07-15 03:32:28 UTC

One of the reasons why political dynasties continue to occupy seats of power is because its alternative is weak. Parties (and the Party System) in the Philippines are fragile—wildly susceptible to corruption, damage, and collapse. While parties ought to champion their advocacies and its stakeholders' interests in the Congress, they are but "vehicles for patronage that can be set up, merged with others, split, resurrected, regurgitated,..." today (Nathan Quimpo).

No real interests are being served except for those vying for (or to stay in) power. As such, Filipinos are left with an illusion of choice. They are left to vote for the same persons in the same families every electoral cycle. And the sad thing also is that this keeps working because while political dynasties are corrupt, they at least give people instant responses/gratification (financial assistance, a new covered court, etcetera). Advocacies—which often need a bit of time and commitment—are left in the ditches unable to truly and meaningfully win elections.

This act will seek to strengthen the Party System by doing three things among many: Ensuring that parties vying for seats in congress are legitimate; Checking to see that politicians are not "party-hopping" every electoral cycle; and strictly monitoring and regulating changes in parties (i.e., merges and splits). These few simple but honest steps will hopefully strengthen our Party System bit by bit and put an end to Patronage politics and dynasties.

^Sources:^{https://asiafoundation.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/02/Strong-Patronage-Weak-Parties-Briefer.pdf.}

VAT-Exemption on Fuel for Public Transportation Services such as Jeepneys

2022-07-15 04:03:42 UTC

As the fuel price continues to increase, drivers of public transportation services take the biggest hit on their income. For the past two (2) years, the fuel price in the market has almost doubled and it causes a significant loss of income for these drivers to almost nothing. In the recent past, a photo of a jeepney driver in Manila has made it to the front page of the New York Times, with a caption that says that the driver only earns $4 or around P220 a day. Unfortunately, that is the current reality for these drivers, especially jeepney drivers. And it is no brainer that P220 is not a sustainable income to have a decent lifestyle.

The best solution I see to resolve this issue and to help these drivers who are working hard to provide transportation service to the public is to exempt them from the 12% VAT on fuel. With the current diesel price in the market as of this writing, exempting these drivers from VAT on fuel would help them save P10 per liter or at least P300 (assuming that a jeepney driver fills up his tank 30L a day).

The VAT exemption for these drivers is a win-win solution for both drivers and passengers. Although there is still a need to increase the fare prices, it does not have to be so significant in a way that a minimum-wage earner passenger would not be able to afford the fare anymore.

Arguably, however, this solution is not a win-win solution for both drivers and the government since taxes are the lifeblood of any government, and exempting these drivers would result in a significant loss of revenue on the government’s part.
Nonetheless, such a dilemma is not for the government to not grant such exemption to the drivers since, among many other reasons, the government is in a better position to find a way to earn more income and compensate for the lost revenue from the imposition of VAT on fuel.

Children and Adults with Special Disabilities

janampalameda — 2022-07-15 04:05:54 UTC

We have existing laws for our fellow individuals who have special disabilities but I believe that is not enough. Philippines is one of the countries that is not progressive when it comes to strengthening their needs. It is very important to create a law where there will be more roads or services that is more helpful for them. For example in the LRT station, there are some adults with special disabilities that are left with no choice but to take the stairs even if it is not good for their health. Hence, in LRT sections, there must be a ramp and something to hold on so that it would be easier for them to walk.

Moreover, we lack special education in this country. That is why, there are so many adults and children with special disabilities that does not have the opportunity to finish their education. Furthermore, we need to fund a better education for all of them because the structure of their studies are more expensive. We also need to maximize our Special Education teachers so that they
could implement a better education for all of them.

An act strengthening the separation of church and state.

2022-07-15 05:51:19 UTC

The state should not be linked with any church or religion. According to the Constitution, there is no definite religion the state abides by. What is stated is that any individual is free to choose their own religion. The problem is that some decisions of the state are influenced by the culture of religion and the church. What is needed for example is a Divorce Law and yet lawmakers are unable to pass the bill because of the influence of churches against divorce. The act of the separation of church and state shall set limitations on which the church may exert their influence regarding legislation of the law.

Anti Red-Tagging Act

2022-07-15 06:57:37 UTC

What makes the Anti-Terrorism Act of 2020 is that it makes it possible for the armed forces to detain suspects without a warrant or charge for up to 24 days. It vests in the police and military the power to watch and to designate people as ‘terrorists’ even without due process. While it may sound like a promising way to ensure national security, events that transpired after it was signed into law proves that it can be dangerous to activists, human rights groups, marginalized groups, or even anyone simply expressing dissent since they can be wrongly accused of terrorism. The broad definition of what constitutes terrorism allows room for abuse. For instance, since last year, there has been an increase in the number of detained political prisoners, missing persons, and even lawyers being murdered.

This is not to say that it condones terrorist or rebellious groups. Nevertheless, there must be clear provisions on determining what constitutes a suspect that should be detained or charged on these grounds and on individuals simply exerting their right to freedom of speech. Introducing a law that could out anti-insurgency and protection of the public to exercise their freedom to criticize the government as long as they are not doing it through violent means, restores the essence of democracy. This could minimize, if not remove, opportunities for security forces to act arbitrarily and infringe on the right of civilians to assemble, to criticize, and to express themselves.

Strengthening Current Climate Change and Carbon Emission Reduction Policies

2022-07-15 07:03:27 UTC

Empirical studies have looked into the the impact of both industrial activities, urbanization and household consumption on the increase of carbon emissions. Greenhouse gases such as this pose a threat to environmental conditions, which in turn, puts developing countries like the Philippines at risk of being heavily affected by climate induced natural disasters.

Thus, it is imperative to strengthen environmental protection policies. There are several approaches to counter the climate change problem, but the following three proposals have proven to be effective: 1) localizing carbon emission reduction measure, 2) carbon taxes, 3) investing in cleaner and more sustainable energy alternatives. First, customizing carbon reduction policies at a city, provincial and regional level would ensure that the urban, socioeconomic and geographic characteristics of these areas are taken into consideration. Second, carbon taxes should be imposed on capital and carbon-intensive firms. This would incentivize these firms to reduce carbon emitting activities. And as a result, tax revenues collected from this could be allocated for social assistance programs for low-income households. Lastly, the government should implement a system that proactively oversees and monitors the promotion of structural adjustments for energy efficiency across all sectors, especially carbon intensive sections.

Although these proposals would not entirely eliminate the threat of climate change and global warming, it would somehow reduce its impact to the country.

Amending the Anti-Rape Law to emphasize the lack of consent as an element of rape

2022-07-15 11:10:35 UTC

While rape is currently penalized under the Anti-Rape Law, there are still certain provisions of the current law which need improvement since they do not fully acknowledge the different circumstances of rape cases, such as the different responses of the victims. The current law centers on the explicit refusal of the victim of the sexual advance which is manifested through exertion of force or other physical acts of resistance. However, some victims are simply taken aback by the act that they can't even move or resist at the time of the commission of the offense. The Anti-Rape Law must therefore focus on the lack of consent instead. It shall be emphasized that the absence of a definite "yes" is enough to establish refusal of sexual intercourse or other sexual advances. The forgiveness clause, which rids the rape offender of liability if he/she marries the victim, must also be removed. Rape is an a crime against persons which carries lasting trauma to the victim, its impact cannot be "cured" by marriage. Removing the forgiveness clause would give rape victims true justice as they will not be forced to face, or worse, even live with their offenders.

An Act Amending RA 7877 or the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995

2022-07-15 14:02:30 UTC

The Philippine Statistics Authority has disclosed that there are 4,605 cases of sexual violence as of 2016 including harassment, rape, acts of lasciviousness, and the likes. In the same report, Morales (2017) also discovered that there is at least one person raped per hour in the Philippines. For these reasons, it is obvious that crimes against one’s sexuality are being perpetrated in the country—and it has become a prevalent issue. Currently, the Philippines uses various laws to address cases of sexual harassment and other forms of sexual violence in the country. The following statutes have been enacted: (1) Republic Act No. 7877 or the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995; (2) Republic Act No. 8353 or The Anti-Rape Law of 1997; (3) Republic Act No. 9262 or the Anti-Violence Against Women and Their Children Act of 2004; and the most recent Republic Act No. 11313 hereinafter referred to as the Safe Spaces Act of 2018. Among these, it is Republic Act No. 7877 or the Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 that reigns over cases of sexual harassment perpetrated in places of employment, education, or training environment. While the same truly provides legal action for those who have been sexually harassed, it is observed that there still exist relevant gray areas that must be probed into.

The aforementioned law needs amendment for reasons including, but not limited to the following: (1) it does not recognize horizontal harassment, particularly between peers or co-workers who are of the same status/level;(2) it does not provide protection from retaliation of the victim from the offender; (3) it does not specify different forms, degrees, and classifications of sexual harassment; and (4) it has fairly light penalties. It is, once again, hoped that these reasons be looked into for legislation.

An Act Strengthening the Local Government Units in Delivering Public Services through the Establishment of a Network office per municipality.

2022-07-15 14:55:06 UTC

The proposed legislation aims to deliver public services by establishing an administrative office per local municipality in the Philippines. Establishing a network office per municipality would lessen the time and reduce the transaction costs when applying for government documents, as all the necessary transactions would only happen in one location. The legislation targets the social welfare of the Filipinos in obtaining government documents, in which costly processing and difficulty in the application would be reduced. Additionally, it would limit the bureaucratic measures that often result in corrupt practices.

For the implementation:

A networked office will be assigned per municipality, in which one facility in the municipal hall will be utilized for the administrative transactions. All public services such as application for PhilHealth, LTO renewal and application, NBI clearance, Business Permit, Passport application, National ID, and Birth Certificate application will be accommodated in one office. Each government entity would have a separate window in the network office to deliver services the citizen requires.

The municipality would also coordinate with different Barangays to handle the government application forms depending on the constituents' needs. The role of Barangay councils is to disseminate those application and registration forms upon request so that when the citizens go to the network office, the requested documents will be immediately processed.

For evaluation, the national government would be granted the power to oversee the transactions and administration of the network office to regulate and assess the government entities and their services. With this legislation, government services would be delivered effectively through the Local Government Units without consuming too much time.

Decriminalizing abortion in the Philippines

2022-07-15 15:18:10 UTC

Articles 256-259 of the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines criminalizes induced abortion. And yet, the reality is that thousands of Filipina women undergo abortion. What the law really ensures is that Filipino women would have to resort to unsafe back alley abortions or medications and that they risk their lives. Post-abortion medical services are also inaccessible because of economic and cultural reasons.

Criminalizing abortion also contributes to a culture of shame stemming from lack of a comprehensive sex education and access to reproductive services. Decriminalizing it would be a huge step toward correcting this harmful stigma.

Repealing the aforementioned articles would remove the punishment for women who induce abortion and abortion healthcare providers. Furthermore, the law will concretize related medical and mental health services pre and post abortion.

An Act Strengthening the Animal Welfare Act of 1998

catherineatienza1 — 2022-07-15 16:20:52 UTC

Over the course of the pandemic, a study shows that Filipinos interest in owning pets have increased to cope with the situation, placing the country as the one which has the highest interest in owning pets in Southeast Asia (Embudo, 2021). According to the HelpGuide, pets can even reduce stress, anxiety, and depression, as well as develop a child's capacity for empathy and emotional quotient (Tutor Doctor, 2020).

It is no surprise that growing up with a pet is a wonderful experience. I myself have two dogs as companions. For these reasons, along a myriad of others, I fully support the Animal Welfare Act of 1998 (RA 8485) that protect and promote the welfare of animals in the country by regulating the establishments that harm them.

To improve this law, the term of imprisonment (6 months to 2 years) and fine (P1,000 to P5,000) when a person violates it must be increased to combat and regulate criminal behavior and cruelty towards animals. Additionally, an amendment proposing to raise awareness on promoting animal welfare and fighting animal cruelty through multi-media platforms such as schools and talks from involved institutions and organizations can help curb the aggressions against animals of all kind. Next, the law can also grant universal access to affordable pet care from accessible locations not only in the metropolitan area but also to the regionals areas, and even promote the benefits of pet insurance that can be involved in responsible family planning.

An act expanding feeding programs and health counseling in public schools

2022-07-15 20:40:01 UTC

Health and education are two of the most indispensable elements in the success of the marginalized youth in optimizing the education given to them to break out of the poverty cycle. Current DepEd and DSWD programs allocate as low as 2k per child, at most, for less than a year. That is around 5 pesos a day, which is unsound and clearly an impossible instrument to achieve sustainable health goals. School-Based Feeding Programs (SBFP) must be modified by allocating larger budgets in order to provide more food and supplements to diets, longer feeding program duration, additional health counseling benefits, and more beneficiaries to reach. In addition to this, families of poor children will relieve the burdens of providing health needs for their kids. Health and education go hand in hand, and the success of the education system cannot be attained without a complementing effective health program.

An Act Criminalizing Historical Revisionism

2022-07-16 04:00:57 UTC

Historical revisionism is a big problem in the Philippines right now. This problem is exacerbated by the Digital Age wherein fake news and false information are easily spread online. At this point in time, historical revisionism is just a click away. Thus, history is no longer a matter of what actually happened in the past. Rather it becomes a matter of what one wants to believe about the past. In the process, truth is thrown out of the window. The creation of alternate versions of history is very dangerous since it manipulates the minds of Filipinos, especially the youth.

Evidently, historical revisionism is no simple matter since it has the potential to completely change the course of our nation's development. Through manipulation and deceit, historical revisionists have the power to change the course of history for their personal gain. They can whitewash the dark moments of our past or even completely erase wrongdoings and grievances. At the end of the day, the Filipino nation cannot be built on lies and falsehoods. A strong nation should be built upon the truth.

Given the dangers associated with historical revisionism, this proposal aims to penalize those who are proven to be originators and deliberate spreaders of revisionist versions of history. Of course, there will be safeguards in place so that free speech and related rights would be protected.

Strengthening (AND PROVIDING FUNDING!!!) Social Services in the Philippines

2022-07-16 04:07:42 UTC

There is something to be said about the system in the Philippines where all social issues are handled by the Police. The situation in the US with the BLM movement and subsequent rallies have got me thinking about how we really need social services to work in tandem with the police. Though it is true that the police are the traditional front liners in most issues (crime, public safety and discipline), not all issues are solved by throwing perpetrators in jail. The police are not trained or equipped with the necessary skills or given resources to respond with anything but violence and brute force. (For example, the PNP Women's desk has been a program in place since 1993 but there are still are areas where there this isn't present in the precinct of provinces and towns). We need social services to work in tandem with the police because they offer a plethora of different responses to issues. It is not as if we do not have social services, (DSWD is very much alive and well) but they are quite limited in their capacity by lack of funding and the information of the services they offer is not common knowledge.

Additionally, easing the burden of the police might give them more time to actually focus on keeping the peace and de-escalating violence instead of just throwing people in jail.

An Act to Criminalize Fake News peddlers such as troll farm businesses thereof

2022-07-16 08:11:22 UTC

Today, we are witnessing history, an unfortunate battle between facts versus fake news. We are indeed surrounded by fake news. Then, we could only merely heard such news through the word of mouth appealing that they were true and exclusive, making many people feel above among others. As the dynasty known to be the experts to such ignominious act has finally regained their power, we see that fake news may now be found in every single corner of not just our state, but even perhaps, beyond the nation. Filtering and policing fake news is an extraneous job.

So for this act, it will mostly cover the digital space. Fake news can be seen in most, if not all, social media sites such as Tiktok, Youtube, Facebook, and Twitter. The act shall imprison individuals (regardless of occupation) who owns, controls, manages, oversees, and/or is part of a troll business farm. In the event that there is no official declaration of such business, photos, videos, testimonies, or any of that nature shall be sufficient to prove their involvement. But in any case, usually fake news content, is usually the subject of the mastermind. Still, we must strengthen the case of their involvement using clear and convincing evidence. Even during the process of proving the involvement of the culprit, content that has been connected to such farms shall be taken down effective immediately. In this way, by the very least, the reach of these false news would be lessen and there could be more chances of victims of fake news to be enlightened (though again this may be a very difficult task).

An Act Amending the Laws on Adultery and Concubinage

2022-07-16 09:50:07 UTC

I would like to address the explicit difference in the requisites and punishment of adultery and concubinage despite the similar evil the law intends to punish. This raises discussion about the inequality perpetrated by the Revised Penal Code (RPC) with its provisions governing adultery and concubinage. This requires an action because of its long-standing existence in our legal system despite its blatant unequal treatment to men and women. The Constitution explicitly expresses its principle to uphold and promote equality between men and women. Article 2, Section 14 of the 1987 Constitution states that “The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men.” However, this expressed principle of the Constitution seems to be relinquished when the RPC provided for the requisites and punishment for the crimes of adultery and concubinage. With the existing provisions provided by the RPC, it is harder to convict a cheating husband than a cheating wife. The laws penalizing the said crimes, which are of the same nature, impose different punishments and require different merits in its establishment. This current state of affairs is counterproductive to the State’s pursuit of equality between men and women. To mend this gap in the law, I believe that there should be a law amending this or, maybe, only one law that could encapsulate and penalize this evil of disrespecting the sanctity of marriage, instead of having different laws that are applicable to different sexes. Tackling this issue will ensure that everyone is seen to be equal before the law.

An Act Barring Filipino Citizens Convicted of Crimes to Run for Government Positions

2022-07-16 12:33:05 UTC

The Constitution begins with the assertion that sovereignty resides in the people and the authority emanates from them. It is, likewise, the same sovereignty that puts people in positions of power to lead the Filipinos. Needless to say, these positions must be filled with people of the utmost credibility. However, history says otherwise for the Philippines.

Our country is one of the few democratic countries that allows citizens with irrefutable criminal records to run for positions of power. Our battle against corruption has been miserably long-standing as those who impede the triumph of it are still in power. Take, for example, the Priority Development Assistance Fund (PDAF) scam that was made possible by a web of schemers both within and outside the government, including the private sector. A number of accused individuals in such web are still sitting pretty in their government positions up to today. Another good example is the tax evasion case of our newly elected President Marcos Jr. Despite the proven billions of ill-gotten wealth and a family history of wreaking havoc in the Philippines, he was still able to run—and eventually win—the presidential elections.

While I do acknowledge that the Constitution vests the right to run for these positions with the people, those who have criminal records, however, have already manifested and proven their betrayal of the public trust. As the Constitution vests sovereignty in the people, we have to ascertain such authority. We have to uphold a stark standard in determining who is qualified to run and eventually lead the country. To this end, the inherent power of the State to collect taxes from the people provides more reason for us to elect leaders who are devoid of any history of any acts against the public trust.

Having all these points, I would like to propose a law barring Filipino citizens convicted of crimes from running for government positions. Enabling them to run for these positions will ultimately raise questions with regard to their intents as public officials. If the Philippines and its people aspire to be recognized as a leading country, our leaders should embody a higher degree of intelligence, competence, righteousness, and authenticity. We cannot truly earn the respect of other countries if we do not respect ourselves enough to truly know what we deserve. The Philippines has to be led by qualified individuals who have genuine and indubitable respect and service for the law, the people, and the nation.

Lowering of Excise Tax on Petroleum Products

2022-07-17 04:39:28 UTC

The implementation of the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) Law increased the excise tax rates on all petroleum products including oil and fuel.

Today, fuel prices has been increasing at an unprecedented state, to the extend that it already affects public transportation. Long lines are inevitable because there exist scarcity of buses and jeepneys, it is even hard to book a Grab, which charged the customer twice or even thrice the rate two years ago.

While it is true that the revenues from these taxes will help the country in its economic recovery from the pandemic, it is also worth noting that the general public are suffering from this high fuel rates.

Lowering the excise tax on petroleum products will be the ‘meeting-halfway’ part of the ‘we-need-revenues-for-economic recovery’ side and that of the higher prices of these petroleum products.

An Act Protecting the Internet Usage of Children in Learning Institutions

2022-07-17 08:39:34 UTC

Many laws have been enacted to ensure a child’s safety on a number of different fronts. R.A. 9321, for instance, amends child abuse laws by seeking to eliminate child labor in its most heinous forms. Another example would be R.A. 10627, or the Anti-Bullying Act. This statute sets specific definitions and measurable parameters concerning all the possible acts of bullying—including the act of cyberbullying.

As internet usage becomes more and more prevalent amongst the youth, however, the law must begin accounting for their safety in cyberspace, especially whilst they are accessing the internet in places made specifically for learning, e.g., libraries and schools. After all, schools are not wholly guaranteed as spaces conducive to learning if they still allow access to obscene imagery or pornographic sites.

This law, therefore, shall partner with various public and private educational institutions; in particular, it shall target the ones that possess the capability to provide children with access to the internet—which they may use for purposes such as research or data gathering. The bill shall be patterned after America’s initial drafts of a bill with similar legislative intent; namely, the “Children’s Internet Protection Act,” or “CIPA.” Similar to CIPA, the institutions willing to partner with the government’s programs under this bill shall potentially enjoy grants and additional funding for their IT structure (FCC, 2019). These institutions, however, must adhere to the guidelines set forth by the bill; they must ensure that the minors accessing their computers are subject to protection measures that can block their access to anything foul, pornographic or obscene. Because of the nuances entailed by new, emerging technology, the makers of this bill must ensure that a minor’s privacy remains intact, and it must vest authority towards a capable and competent individual within the institution.

Reference:

Children's internet protection act (CIPA). FCC or Federal Communications Commission. (2019, December 30). Retrieved July 17, 2022, from https://www.fcc.gov/consumers/guides/childrens-internet-protection-act

An Act Strengthening Technological and Internet Literacy within Schools

2022-07-17 09:20:44 UTC

The development of technology and the adoption of Internet-based platforms in almost all aspects of life have been staggeringly fast. So fast that it seems that the educational system within the country is yet to implement lessons or classes that focus on the complexities of using such technologies beyond merely knowing how to use them. It is all accessible and present, however, it seems superficial to just focus on how it provides convenience without knowing underlying problems that may occur.

Learning how to operate websites and gadgets are easy to do on one's own because there exists the internet to support self-learning. However, what is concerning about this is the existence of dangers that are usually overlooked or unknown by common people. Lost within the convenience brought about by technology, the awareness of virtual dangers seem to be underestimated. This is practically one of the reasons why people, or more specifically their data, have unknowingly become commodities and subjects of manipulation. Education has been primarily focused on teaching how to use and operate systems and applications to catch up to the demands of international society, but the Philippines is yet to fully engage students with underlying issues regarding their usage.

Essentially, it is just an integration of critical thinking development with computer subjects or a completely new subject/ course that will cultivate awareness within students about core principles of cyber-security and data protection so that while they are literate on the usage of technology and the internet, they are also literate in the ways they can protect themselves from cyber risks.

An Act Allowing Same-Sex Marriage in the Philippines, amending the Family Code of the Philippines.

2022-07-17 12:33:16 UTC

I believe its about high time for the Congress to pass a law on same-sex marriage or unions. Our country is known to be a dominantly Catholic country with approximately 81% of the population comprising of Catholics. In a statement by former President Duterte, he stated that same-sex marriage won’t work for us [Filipinos]. We are Catholics.

However it is indicated in Section 6, Article II of the Philippine Constitution that separation of Church and State shall be inviolable, so why has the state not consider or pass a law on it yet?

The Constitution is known as the supreme law of the land and was made specifically for the Filipino, giving equal protection and rights to every single Filipino. Section 1 of Article III of the Constitution states that “No person shall be deprived of life, liberty, or property without due process of law, nor shall any person be denied the equal protection of laws," but why are members of the LGBTQIA+ community being deprived of such rights? Why do they not have the same liberty and right heterosexual individuals do, to choose their partners and marry whomever they wish despite being Filipinos? Is there a specific provision in the Constitution secluding them from such liberty? Is there an exception for some Filipinos?

The law, and liberty of marriage should not be bound on heterosexual norms as indicated in the Family Code, but rather it should be inclusive and consider ALL Filipinos as intended by the writing of the Constitution. After all Article XV of the Philippine Constitution does not define marriage to be union between a man and woman alone, otherwise the framers of the Constitution would’ve indicated it to begin with. I believe that lawmakers should revisit the definition of “marriage” under the Family Code and amend it in accordance with the Constitution.

An Act Standardizing Fees for the Processing of Annulments in the Philippines.

2022-07-17 16:15:41 UTC

Annulment cases are lucrative opportunities for legal services in the country. This legislation aims to mitigate the financial strain of annulment costs and fees for couples already in an unstable situation, for their own benefit and their children, if any.

Section 11 of the Bill of Rights of our Constitution provides: "Free access to the courts and quasi-judicial bodies and adequate legal assistance shall not be denied to any person by reason of poverty". This principle enshrined in our Constitution should extend to couples who, because of circumstances, must part ways and find another chance at love and life - even if they do not have the financial means to file for annulment.

Hence, this act would serve to standardize the cost of annulment by setting cost caps on fees charged by the courts and their legal counsels.

An Act Institutionalizing Philippine History as a core subject to Basic Education and Appropriating Funds Thereof

2022-07-17 18:13:12 UTC

The current k-12 curriculum, according to the official statements of the Department of Education, teaches basic Philippine history. However, as many educators expressed, it is not taught exclusively and is merely included under the subject of Araling Panlipunan which covers an array of topics like Economics, Culture, Politics and Governance, Asian Studies, among others.

For some, like the recent statement of the ACT Teachers Partylist Representative France Castro, this is not enough as the youth today have the tendency to be subjected to historical revisionism and fake news. And, if this is particular problem is to be further examined, it lies on the pitfalls of our educational system which failed to foster a critical generation against disinformation and propaganda. Hence the need to strengthen the curriculum, particularly the competencies regarding our nation's history. Like laws requiring Noli Mi Tangere and El Filibusterismo be taught at High School and a 3-unit course be required in Tertiary Education, we should legislate laws that would further strengthen the appreciation and competency of our history holistically.

As the oft-quoted phrase states, those who do not learn from history are doomed to repeat it.

In this statute, private and public basic education institutions that cater from Grade 1 all the way to Grade 12, should have a designated Philippine History subject. They must be exposed to peer-reviewed materials regarding the topics. Teachers or instructors of the subject should have the necessary qualifications, as determined by school administrators, to carry out the instruction of the subject without mere memorization of events and personality, but to have a deeper and more critical understanding of our nation's shared past.

Furthermore, appropriate funding should be granted to public educational institutions to carry out the law. The Department of Education should supervise private institutions to follow likewise. There should also be workshops and seminars initiated and obliged by DepEd to the instructors for compliance.

An Act Amending RA 11106 or the Filipino Sign Language Act

2022-07-18 01:21:16 UTC

This act declares Filipino Sign Language (FSL) as the national sign language of the Philippines. Section 4 of the act states that FSL shall be the medium of instruction in deaf education. It shall be taught as a separate subject for deaf learners. While Section 7 and 9 state that FSL will be the official language of the Filipino deaf employed in all government workplaces, as well in all public transactions with national agencies including government-owned or –controlled corporations (GOCCs) and LGUs, therefore encouraging government offices to promote the use of FSL among its deaf and hearing employees.

Most importantly, it also mandates in Section 11 that the DepEd, CHED, UP, and other organizations should take the appropriate steps to promote FSL among hearing people by offering it as an elective subject.

While these provisions indeed increase accessibility for the Filipino deaf community, I believe that there are amendments that could be done to improve its implementation. Currently, the act only encourages government offices and workplaces to adapt and promote the use of FSL. It would be beneficial to expand this to other workplaces, encouraging supermarket owners and restaurants for example, to provide its staff the necessary training to learn basic FSL in order to make even everyday transactions accessible to the deaf community. Additionally, the inclusion of FSL electives in high schools and universities could be strengthened. The Act should mandate relevant agencies to provide schools and universities the resources (materials, FSL teachers, training, seminars, etc) needed to be able to include FSL as an elective. The provision in Section 11 would be difficult to implement if teachers don't have the resources to learn and teach FSL.

Personally, I wanted to study sign language in high school but there was no opportunity to do so. There is also limited resources online on FSL. If we want to truly guarantee accessibility for the deaf community, it's not enough to promote the use of FSL among the deaf alone. It is more important to promote it to hearing people.

An Act Further Enforcing the Safety of Pedestrian Roads

ailaquintana — 2022-07-18 03:46:24 UTC

Sen. Joel Villanueva, during the 18th Congress, has already filed a Senate Bill that calls for the enhancing the safety of Pedestrian. This, however, has not improved the situation of road safety in our country. The lack of thought for the safety of commuters and pedestrians can be seen within infrastructure designs in our roads: tight sidewalks, often blocked by parked cars; ridiculously high overpasses; pedestrian lanes blocked by either center islands and/or cars. Alongside this, road etiquette make it unsafe for pedestrians. Although pedestrians do get priority in crossing the road, through the culture of right-of-way, this isn't always the case. There still lies a confusion within drivers and pedestrians, themselves, when it comes to priority. The creation of this act strives to create and promote safer roads and access to pedestrians all over the country, without the need for crossing guards and traffic lights for pedestrians. Emphasizing the safety of pedestrians would simply create better infrastructure and systems that benefit both vehicles and pedestrians. We've seen how the roads have accommodated vehicles, through road widening, but failed to keep in mind that not everyone has access to cars. This would then lead to pedestrians forced to walk on the street as the sidewalks could not accommodate the volume of people using it. Unfortunately, this does then lead to road accidents. Ensuring pedestrians that there are available pathways for them and committing to a safer road culture, which includes their safety, may encourage people to use their private vehicles less. Even outside the concerns of vehicles, it is important to ensure the safety of the people.

This act would include the following:
a) establishing a right of way policy that prioritizes pedestrians;
b) redesigning infrastructures with the accessibility of the users in mind;
c) prohibiting and enforcing a penalty system for vehicles, of any kind, parked on sidewalks;
d) as well, as stopping at crosswalks.
This provides a start in creating a better road traffic system, as it ensures the safety of everyone. Having a better road system could also lead to a solution of the continuing traffic situation, especially in Metro Manila. But ultimately, this act aims to lessen road and traffic related accidents.

Prohibiting Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation

2022-07-18 05:30:41 UTC

Maria Angelita Ressa, founder of Philippine-based new publication, Rappler, won a Nobel Peace Prize last 2021 in Oslo. On October 8, she was awarded the prize for her “courageous fight for freedom of expression” in the face of authoritarian governments. She was also the recipient of the Excellence in Broadcasting Lifetime Achievement Award in 2015. However, she has been a subject of attempted crackdowns for her journalism that reports on human rights abuses and corruption carried out by the Philippine government.

Before being awarded the Noble Peace Prize, she was convicted of cyber libel in 2020 for violating Section 4(C)4 of R.A. 10175, after writing an article investigating the links between a chief justice and multiple businessmen to murder, drug dealing, human trafficking and smuggliing. In People of the Philippines vs. Reynaldo Santos, Jr., Maria Angelita Ressa and Rappler, Inc., Maria Angelita Ressa together with Santos and Rappler, Inc., was found guilty of online libel after publishing an article entitled “CJ Using SUVs of Controversial Businessmen''.

In recognition of the deficiencies in present legislation to combat SLAPPs in the Philippines, the Philippines should put in an effort to strengthen and more importantly, protect the Constitutional right to free speech, expression, and petition the government for redress of grievances.

Student Government Empowerment Act

2022-07-18 06:10:44 UTC

We have long recognized the importance of the youth in shaping national identity and in our pursuit to attain true progress. We have shown this appreciation to the youth muscle through the creation of the National Youth Commission and the approval of RA 8044 of the Youth in Nation Building Act. Various agencies have also consistently involved the youth sector in its implementation. Truly, nothing compares to the vigor and enthusiasm of the youth sector.

This law seeks to recognize student governments as a basic social institution essential in governance. The law shall facilitate the training and empowerment of student councils by providing funds thereto, standardize the registration of these organizations to the national youth commission, and providing grants for effective dispensation of their projects.

PROTECTION AND PROMOTION OF HUMAN RIGHTS FOR THE STREET CHILDREN

2022-07-18 06:22:45 UTC

While there is currently a law protecting street children's rights, this matter shouldn't be ignored given that their numbers are increasing over the years. Around 250,000 street children live in the Philippines, according to statistics reported by the Department of Social Welfare and Development (DSWD), however some reports indicate that number of the children on the streets could reach a million. As one of the most vulnerable groups in our society, these street children are more likely to be the victims of human rights violations. Additionally, there are reports of officials abusing street children despite their duty to protect them and consequently forcing these defenseless, terrified, and hopeless children back onto the streets. With this, merely strengthening the Barangay Council for the Protection of Children (BCPC) and establishing incentives system for the private sector engaged in the promotion of the welfare of street children are not enough. The compliance of the Local Government Units with their obligation to safeguard the welfare of the street children must be investigated further by higher officials.

An Act Strengthening the Establishment of Green Spaces

josefasophiaagoncillo — 2022-07-18 07:21:07 UTC

As stated in Article II, Sections 15 and 16 of the Constitution, it is the State's policy to "protect and promote the right to health of the people and instill health consciousness among them" and "protect and advance the right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature."

The State is responsible for helping cultivate a healthy environment among residents to enhance their quality of life. The importance of open, green (and public) spaces can help develop such and contribute to overall community health. These can include parks, gardens, playgrounds, and sports fields. Besides that, the government can give the value of sustainability significance when there is further reinforcement of green space establishment. Expanding such spaces can also help alleviate the rising temperatures of urban heat islands like Metro Manila.

In addition, making way for more green spaces can help improve the mental health of residents. Green spaces are venues that can help them be more engaged in physical and social activities and, in turn, can boost community morale. These spaces can also help lessen the effects of pollution and increase health benefits among citizens (e.g., longer life expectancy) that can indeed be beneficial in the long run.

An act enforcing payroll transparency clauses with private employers

2022-07-18 07:50:03 UTC

One of the main obstacles to fair wage distribution among employees in private corporations or organizations is usually a clause which prohibits employees from discussing their salaries amongst themselves and/or their families and friends. Usually, a company would state that information regarding payrolls would be "sensitive information", and that executives and managers have discretion to terminate contracts with employees who they have found to be discussing their salaries.

As absurd as it sounds, it should be considered equitable and within the realm of free speech to discuss employee wages with anyone one so chooses. As the discussion of wages does not directly threaten any party or person whatsoever, the discussion of wages should be protected under section 4 of the Bill of rights.

AN ACT BANNING THE POLICE QUOTA SYSTEM

2022-07-18 08:59:38 UTC

Police quotas are formal and illegal procedures requiring police officers to issue a certain number of arrests every week. Police officers who fail to make it to the quota will face career consequences. Due to the pressure, cops are driven to meet the quota. It is turning the police officers into revenue generators at the expense of addressing real public safety issues. As such, rogue officers are promoted, while honest ones are punished.

The situation has worsened since the quota system has been expanded beyond drug cases but also to illegal possession of firearms, and illegal gambling, among others. Even if the police officers find nothing illegal, they still arrest civilians by planting evidence. As a consequence, it will create a more extensive backlog of cases.

The quota system damage the public trust in law enforcement. Trust is essential for police to perform their duties effectively. Furthermore, there are other ways to encourage police to increase productivity and to evaluate police officers without forcing officers to meet a certain number of arrests.

The Integration and Deep Ingraining of the Bill of Rights, and other Constitutional Rights in the Curriculum of becoming a Law Enforcement Authority.

2022-07-18 09:28:02 UTC

All rights of a person are important. However, some of these rights are being violated through unlawful actions, especially those of police officers or law enforcement authorities. Nowadays, people feel discomfort in the presence of policemen rather than feel safe and at ease. Nowadays, this is the norm of our society.

Looking at the curriculum promulgated by CHED for the Bachelor of Science in Criminology, which is the program taken by those who want to get into law enforcement, human rights education is only a single three (3) unit course. Given the problems of the Philippines regarding human rights and how those who have sworn to protect these rights are the ones causing such problems, it is necessary that BS Criminology should have at least three (3) courses tackling human rights, all of which being three (3) unit courses.

Additionally, government agencies tasked to do law enforcement should have continuing educational programs regarding human rights. With changing times, it is necessary for the country’s law enforcers to continually learn regarding the rights of the people. This may come in the form of required courses in order to be promoted in their ranks or frequent seminars that must be attended by all law enforcement personnel.

An Act Promoting the Welfare of Children and Women's Sexual Health

2022-07-18 10:02:49 UTC

This act would promote the idea of bodily autonomy and sexual education amongst women and the youth. Bodily autonomy essentially meaning the right to make any decisions or choices over one's life and future. The Philippines is severely lacking in safe and affordable options for women and children when it comes to addressing issues with their sexual health. With the enactment of this law, we would be able to provide a standardized sexual education curriculum to schools. Furthermore, this would ensure that women are able to have free access to health necessities such as medical check ups, contraceptives such as birth control as well as other essential sanitary items for the promotion of cleanliness and health. This act would also help address the rising cases of teenage and child pregnancy that is prevalent within the nation.

The Progressive Mining Bill

2022-07-18 10:15:11 UTC

The Philippines is home to a vast pool of mineral wealth as well as rich biodiversity found in mountain ranges all over the archipelago. Yet, with the Philippine Mining Act of 1995 in place, communities, as well as ancestral domains of indigenous peoples where mining operations are situated, remain to be impoverished. The phrase "the Philippines is rich and yet its citizens remain poor" the environmental, economic, and social implications of destructive mining in the country.

With the mining act in place, it allows 100% foreign ownership of mining operations in the country in order to attract the mining industry. This provision alone creates an illusion that the Philippines has an active mining industry and yet it remains to be riddled with foreign-owned & large-scale mining companies. As stated in Article XII, Sec. 11 of the Philippine constitution:

"No franchise, certificate, or any other form of authorization for the operation of a public utility shall be granted except to citizens of the Philippines or to corporations or associations organized under the laws of the Philippines, at least sixty per centum of whose capital is owned by such citizens; nor shall such franchise, certificate, or authorization be exclusive in character or for a longer period than fifty years. ..."

With this being said, this bill proposes that the Philippines must initiate steps in moving forward and establishing a Mining Industry that is 100% Filipino-owned and that foreign mining operations be restricted to a 60:40 ownership as stated in the provision above. This bill would not only ease destructive mining but also mitigate natural resources and raw materials as Philippine-owned. The step in industrializing the mining operations would eventually lead to the eventual protection of environment, protection of indigenous peoples in mining areas, and the corresponding reparations to mining communities.

References:

Raymundo, R. B. (2014, March). The Philippine Mining Act of 1995: Is the law sufficient in achieving the goals of output growth, attracting foreign investment, environmental protection and preserving sovereignty. In A paper presented at DLSU Research Congress, Manila, Philippines.
Chicago

An Act Criminalizing Red-Tagging and Penalizing Government Officials who Practice the Same

2022-07-18 11:54:19 UTC

Simbulan (2011) contextualized red-tagging as “the act of labelling, branding, naming

and accusing individuals and/ or organizations of being left-leaning, subversives, communists or

terrorists is a strategy used by State agents, particularly law enforcement agencies and the military,

against those perceived to be ‘threats’ or ‘enemies of the State.”

Red-tagging has been very rampant and was thoroughly magnified during the immediate past administration of Duterte. Through the NTF-ELCAC it weaponized State resources to brand progressive individuals, entities, and groups as subversives and enemies of the State endangering their lives and some leading to actual deaths.

These acts of red-tagging and the institutionalization of government arms to commit the same is a direct defiance of our Bill of Rights. Last 2021, both Senate and the HOR has filed Bills seeking to criminalize red-tagging offenses and penalizing officials who commit such acts.

In the Senate version authored by Minority Leader, Sen. Drilon, any person found guilty of red-tagging shall be imprisoned for 10 years and shall suffer the accessory penalty of perpetual absolute disqualification to hold public office, according to the bill. While in the version of the House filed by Reps. Carlos Zarate, Edcel Lagman, Jose Belmonte, Pablo Ortega, Eufemia Cullamat, Ferdinant Gaite, Arlene Brosas, France Castro, and Sarah Jane Elago they seek to punish with imprisonment or be fined, suffer perpetual disqualification to hold public office, or face administrative cases any public official or employee who red tags a person.

Given the existence of prior bills filed before Congress, I would seek to refile such measures and ensure that it will be enacted into law. Criminalizing red-tagging would not only save lives per se, it will contribute as well to the preservation of constitutionally guaranteed rights and give the government leeway to repurpose funds wasted in red-tagging individuals, groups, and entities who are progressives and pushing for change.

Simbulan, N. P. (2011). Red-Baiting: A Tool of Repression, Then and Now. OBSERVER: A

Journal on Threatened Human Rights Defenders in the Philippines, 3(2), 12–15

An Act Amending Paragraph 2 Section Forty-Six of Executive Number Two-Hundred Nine Series of 1987.

2022-07-18 12:36:18 UTC

Under Section 46, Paragraph 2 of the Family Code of the Philippines, "concealment by the wife of the fact that at the time of the marriage, she was pregnant by a man other than her husband" constitutes fraud and hence, a ground for the annulment of marriage. I believe that it should be amended to include concealment by husband of the fact that at the time of the marriage, he impregnated a woman other than his wife. Doing would set fair standards to the husband and wife (contracting parties) in marriage that they should avoid being promiscuous.

An Act Creating the Philippine College of Forensic Pathology

2022-07-18 12:47:13 UTC

The act intends to create a national educational institution that will produce forensic pathologists in the Philippines. Such professionals are badly needed in the country. As a matter of fact, there are only two forensic pathologists in the Philippines namely Dr. Raquel Fortun and Dr. Cecilia Lim. Producing more forensic pathologists is important especially in solving heinous crimes which requires the conduct of proper autopsy to the victim's body.

An Act Providing for the Classification of Children's Personal Information as Sensitive Personal Information

2022-07-18 15:01:33 UTC

In enacting the Data Privacy Law in 2012, the Philippines is one of the international pioneers of Data Privacy and Security Practices. The National Privacy Commission has been serving as the country's guidepost in educating and adhering to such standards, from ISO 31000 to those provided by the EU GDPR. However, the country is lacking in terms of protection extended to children. It is an accepted fact that everyone--regardless of age--has access to the internet. With this, it is almost guaranteed that children or minors have posted their personal information online. Given their age, these children are not able to fully grasp the consequences of putting one's information and posting it online to be publicly available. They are not aware of the possibility of being targeted with ads and fall victim to intricate advertisements designed to manipulate them in making decisions. As such, there should be a law controlling, limiting, and monitoring personal information that belongs to children. This may also include penalty clauses for any Personal Information Controller (PIC) or Personal Information Processor (PIP) that acts in contravention of such law.

An Act Requiring all Local Government Units in the National Capital Region to Establish and Manage Local Urban Gardens

2022-07-18 15:36:59 UTC

Section 15, Article 2 of the 1987 Constitution gives light to the "right to health of the people." With that in mind, the Congress in 2013 passed Republic Act No. 10611, or the "Food Safety Act of 2013," to strengthen the food safety regulatory system in the country. However, in the contemporary period, various unnatural circumstances such as the COVID-19 pandemic, the Ukraine-Russia war, and the ongoing climate change have trigged not only a spike in petroleum prices but also in a global food shortage, among others, that have been affecting the Philippines. Not to mention, the Filipino people are facing higher inflation rates in food ingredients such as but are not limited to sugar and potato. Thus, we, the Filipino people, are perhaps facing a challenge in food security, a concept coined by the United Nations (UN) which means that "all people, at all times, have physical, social, and economic access to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their food preferences and dietary needs for an active and healthy life" (United Nations' Committee on World Food Security). Although the 1987 Constitution of the Philippines does not explicitly state that Filipinos possess the right to food security, as a member of the UN, the Philippine government through the doctrine of incorporation must acknowledge the right of Filipinos for food security.

To remain resilient in these trying times, we the Filipino people must act on our own. Article 16, Section 2 of the 1987 Constitution provides the "right of the people to a balanced and healthful ecology in accord with the rhythm and harmony of nature." The Congress, with its power to legislate, must recognize the right of Filipinos to a balanced and healthful ecology in context of the challenges we are facing. Thus, as an attempt to rise above water, I would like to propose an act that requires all LGUs in NCR to establish and manage local urban gardens.

By establishing and managing local urban gardens through this act, the Congress aims to: 1) provide an environmental and doable solution to shortage of food and high inflation rates on food, 2) provide an avenue for Filipinos to be involved in their own respective community, 3) combat climate change by planting crops and other plants, 4) instill and remind environmental responsibilities of Filipinos in line with R.A. No. 10176 (Arbor Day Act of 2012), and 5) provide jobs to Filipinos, especially those who are unemployed, who have the heart and time for urban gardening.

An Act Decriminalizing Abortion in the Philippines

2022-07-18 16:46:06 UTC

According to 2012 statistics over 610,000 women induce abortion in the Philippines. 100,000 of these women were hospitalized while 100 of them died due to unsafe abortion complications. This means that every day, 3 women die from unsafe abortion complications. Decriminalizing abortion can provide women with access to safe abortions and post abortion care which will protect their lives, avoid disabilities, and secure their future. Furthermore, it has long been established in several countries that continuing a pregnancy should be a choice a woman gets to make, especially in country where contraceptives are frowned upon and posts an obvious lack in comprehensive sex education. A woman should be able to choose what happens to her body.

Most importantly, this act shall provide rape and incest survivors to terminate unwanted pregnancies without risking their lives. This act shall provide these women a chance to start anew and recover from the trauma they have endured. This act shall stand as proof that decriminalizing does not equate to promoting termination of pregnancy but rather offers women the choice of terminating or continue pregnancy.

This act shall provide for proper pre-abortion consultation as well as post abortion consultation which shall ensure that those who choose to conduct abortions are aware and fully understand the procedure. Lastly, this act shall be operate as the beacon of hope for the initiation of progressive rights for women in the Philippines.

An Act Providing More Benefits and Increasing the Salary of Workers

2022-07-18 17:21:49 UTC

Throughout the years, the Philippines is considered as one of the countries with the least salary. In fact, the average salary in the Philippines is ranked among the lowest in 110 countries worldwide and lower than its neighbor countries in Southeast Asia (Lalu, 2020). In a third-world country like Philippines, poverty is a rampant problem for about 21.6% of its population lives below the national poverty line and the said poverty worsens due to the low salary given in our country.

Due to these, most Filipinos opt to work abroad thinking that they will have better career opportunities and higher profit. Hence, even professionals such as teachers and doctors tend to leave the country due to low salary and minimal benefits resulting to “brain drain”. Brain drain refers to the migration or departure of educated and skilled individuals or professionals from one country to the other in search for better standard of living.

It is indeed saddening and alarming that “brain drain” is prevalent in the Philippines and the current pandemic has worsened existing situations. During the pandemic, the lives of health workers are indeed at stake. However, despite the high risk of contracting the disease, they are still underpaid. In fact, according to the Department of Labor and Employment, the salary of a registered nurse in the government is around Php13,500 while in the private sector, the rate is around Php10,000 (Magsambol, 2020). Despite the fact that there is an increase of around Php1,500 due to the Salary Standardization Law signed by President Duterte, the said salary is still low especially for workers who are at high risk. Hence, many are choosing to leave in their quest for a better life and higher salary.

In order to prevent such circumstances, it is indeed just and necessary to increase the salary of employees and to provide them with more benefits which can be advantageous to them especially in the long run.

REFERENCES:

Lalu, G. (2020). PH’s P15,200 average salary among lowest in 110 countries. Retrieved from: https://newsinfo.inquirer.net/1326929/phs-p15200-average-salary-among-lowest-in-110-countries-survey

Magsambol, B. (2020). Low pay, high risk: The reality of nurses in the Philippines. Retrieved from: https://www.rappler.com/newsbreak/iq/259610-salary-nurses-philippines/

Legalizing absolute divorce

2022-07-18 22:07:48 UTC

The Philippines, aside from the Vatican, remains to be the only country in the world to have not legalized absolute divorce or the total dissolution of marriage contract on grounds that occurred during the union. Primarily, the failure of the passage of a divorce bill is attributed to moral grounds— the influence and formidability of the Catholic Church and its values to Philippine society. Although there are legal ways to end a marriage in the Philippines under the Family Code, Filipino couples hardly use them because of the high cost, the lengthy legal process, and the absence of any guarantee that their request will be granted.

With the absence of an absolute divorce law, Philippines reinforces a society where marriage transfigures into a prison for victims of marital infidelity, spousal abuse, irreconcilable differences, and gender violence. This is especially pertinent to women who are most often the victims of marital abuse and subordination.

With the legalization of absolute divorce in the country, spouses are empowered to leave abusive and dysfunctional marriages and become more productive citizens of the country. Marital abuses and violence may possibly decrease as spouses are given an avenue to leave the abuse with much less repercussions. An absolute divorce law also enables the State to create a more accessible legal system, minimize social power relations, and economic inequalities with its increase on access to justice in the Philippine society.

Amending R.A. No. 11036, otherwise known as the Mental Health Act by heightening educational institutions’ role in student’s mental health.

2022-07-18 23:10:49 UTC

Issues concerning the worsening mental health status of the youth in the country is no longer new, especially with the ongoing pandemic. In Dr. Ginger Ramirez’s initial investigation from January to October of 2020, the year the pandemic has started, there were 44 cases of suicides every month; and of the 40 suicide deaths reported, 23 (58%) were below 30 years old. Although, the government recognizes the importance of mental health through the Mental Health Act I believe there must be an addition to the this law (Atlantic Fellows, 2022).

Section 23 of R.A. No. 11036, Section 24, states,

The State shall ensure the integration of mental health into the educational system, as follows:

(a) Age-appropriate content pertaining to mental health shall be integrated into the curriculum at all educational levels; and

(b) Psychiatry and neurology shall be required subjects in all medical and allied health courses, including post-graduate courses in health.

In this light, mental health programs should have a strengthened position in educational institutions. Hence, I propose to include and implement mandatory monthly or semestral mental health check-ups in schools and universities. Mental health must be included in students’ health records and should be accompanied with follow up consultations if need be. Schools and universities must project a safe space to students considering the fact that they are environment for the self-development and should be at times a comfort for students lacking the proper outlet.

References:
Atlantic Institute. (n.d.). Youth suicide rates have escalated in the Philippines. Retrieved July 19, 2022, from https://www.atlanticfellows.org/project/youth-suicide-rates-have-escalated-in-the-philippines
REP. ACT NO. 11036 (2018), O.G. 20 (June 2018)

An Act to Create an Institution that seeks to Centralize and Increase the Export Activities of the Country.

2022-07-18 23:40:01 UTC

Poverty is one of the most, if not the most serious, problem that our country is facing for a prolonged period of time. Solutions, such as the grant of subsidies of different nature, in fact eases the burden of our countrymen, but only for the short-run. And in considering the impact of rising prices to our economy, these short-term solutions are becoming less of value.

The idea of this bill is to create an institution that will focus and research on feasible products that can be exported internationally, centralize export operations and processes, and boost the export activities of the country, all for the purpose of increasing the value of peso in the global market.

With higher exports, the demand for our currency will increase, and this increase in demand will result to an appreciation of our currency and will make us gradually competitive in the global market. Being competitive in the global market can open more opportunities for our country and be a way to promote developments in the different facets of our State.

In summary, this proposed bill aims to be the first step in realizing a long-lasting and sustainable improvement of the country's economic state, for the development of the country is not likely to be rapid without economic stability. In addition, an improved economic state can open new opportunities for development of the country and has the potential to finally actualize our dreams of ending poverty.

An Act to require new voters to attend a seminar on the responsibilities of voters when choosing public officials

2022-07-19 05:20:58 UTC

I understand that everyone is entitled to their right to suffrage. But, as with every given right, it must be used responsibly. Given that not everyone has access to education, it is safe to assume that not everyone has been briefed on basic voter's education in school. Therefore, I believe that it is only fair for all those who want to register as a voter to undergo a seminar in which tackles the following: (1) What qualifications of a public official should one look for when voting, (2) A basic description of all the roles in which they are to vote for, and (3) Understanding the benefits and consequences of our votes.

An act in the education curriculum to add work life/adulthood skills and processes needed in the future.

2022-07-19 05:29:38 UTC

Growing up, we were taught the fundamental subjects and topics such as English, Math, Science, History, Geography and even subjects like Home Economics all throughout elementary school till high school.

But there seems to be a lack in planning and teaching to teens and young adults about the basic processes and important documents and skills needed once brought in to the "adult" " work" life environment. Such as, doing your own taxes, documents needed for work (phil health, PIN, social security, even simple as creating bank accounts) Not only that, but I believe it's important to help students understand other processes like starting a business and the documents needed, applying for health insurance, student or house loans and of the like.

Often than not, fresh graduates from highschool/college are clueless with how to start their work life mainly because they are simply unaware of where to start or how even to start with simple documents and process even something as simple as building their own resume/cv. Moreover, some of these documents and processes are much more meticulous than others and are difficult to understand by just "searching on the web"

I believe this act will help the young generations to be more prepared and to have a sense of understanding with what exactly to expect once brought into the work force life environment. Not only that, but this would be promoting employment and proper career planning for thee future generations.

An act requiring housing programs to consider the feasibility of acquiring the land near where the informal settlers are staying through expropriation, as well as centralizing the program on the needs of these people.

mikaela_awid — 2022-07-19 08:02:27 UTC

Rehousing or housing programs are great in nature. However, informal settlers are not keen in relocating because the houses offered are usually far from the city or far from where they currently live. Even though they are provided with better shelter, this merely alienates them more from society and cuts off possible opportunities, ultimately making them more marginalized. These people want the same opportunities as the ones living in the city, and relocating them to a place that is relatively isolated will limit them to less opportunities. Moreover, if the provider of the family works in the city and the family is being forced to relocate, separation is inevitable and it may cause negative repercussions on the family.

This act aims to provide proper housing to informal settlers while considering their geographical needs. The government should try to acquire the land where the people are currently staying or the land near that location and create housing in that area. This will solve the problem of isolation and lack of opportunities because these people will still live in the same area that provide them with the same opportunities. Furthermore, rehousing/housing programs should be centered on the people benefitting from the programs. Thus, constant collaboration with them is essential in finding and creating sustainable solutions.

An Amendment in the Republic Act 7941: Party-List System Act

2022-07-19 08:14:51 UTC

Party lists, as we know them, represent advocacies, ideologies, and certain principles, whether political or sectoral. They represent the causes and grievances of a certain sector or population, advancing such to their respective representatives, who potentially hold a seat in the House of Representatives. However, as time goes on, the emergence of party lists has been robust and unprecedented. Most of which are redundant or used for propaganda in supporting candidates during national elections. With that, I am recommending an amendment to the Party-List System Act that aims to regulate the registration and accreditation of party lists in the country. Further, there should be a strict criterion with regard to the submission of registration that involves the objective, propositions, and respective beneficiaries of parties to prevent redundancy in the system. By accomplishing the recommended amendment, marginalized and under-represented sectors in the society have the chance to obtain a seat in the House and the effective and efficient resolution by the national government towards the problems encountered in their sector. This is also to promote a regulated and legitimate set of party lists in Philippine politics and prevent its further decline to pasikat politics.

Anti-Dynasty Bill

2022-07-19 09:17:07 UTC

Congress has the constitutional duty to enact a law defining and prohibiting the establishment of political dynasties under the intent of Section 26, Article 2 of the 1987 Constitution. The policy explicitly indicates the national commitment of the State to staying true to democracy by prohibiting a family and its close relatives from occupying top elective positions in both national and local government. However, for years, no established law has been strong enough nor exists to supplement the constitutional provision and end the continuity of political dynasty despite the number of efforts by some legislators to create an enabling law. With my capacity as a legislator, I would refile such measure which will serve as the teeth to punish violators appropriately.

The culture of nepotism is so entrenched that politicians ensconced themselves deeply into political dominion and bequeathed power to their spouses and children to pursue their self-serving interests. In fact, it is more accessible for women to come into politics if they are members of a political clan. Most female politicians only get involved in politics by filling in the position of their father or husband. For the longest time, the Philippines has been under the rule of notable families. It has even worsened—political parties and alliances that are supposed to be based on principles and ideologies have prioritized family members and friends first and made their principles secondary. Through Anti-Dynasty Act, it shall create an equal opportunity and open the chances for change. People from the middle and lower class will have better opportunities to represent themselves in Congress, which is necessary to forward their cause and needs through legislation.

An act amending Section 77 of Presidential Decree 705, Series of 1975

2022-07-19 09:21:10 UTC

While P. D. 705, Series of 1975 or the Revised Forestry code aims to properly rehabilitate, manage, utilize, and protect Philippine forests, there are aspects of the act better suited for the era of heavily industrialized logging from when it was created. Today, there is a greater clamour to increase the output of the timber industry especially for the private sector whose participation in the industry has been constantly expanding. This is reflected by the country's need to import an annual volume of over 5 million cubic meters of timber to meet local demand and the recognition of P. D. 1559, Series of 1978 to further incentivize the participation of players in the private sector.

Section 77 of the Revised Forestry Code of the Philippines states that no person should be allowed to harvest timber without a license or permit, regardless of if the land is publicly alienable and disposable, privately owned, or categorized as a forest land. While this would be helpful in achieving the code's goals, there have been some noted problems regarding this. The most notable problem includes the alleged corruption of DENR personnel during the lengthy process of securing tree-cutting permits (e.g. Asking for bribes). Additionally, individuals from the private sector observed the process for securing permits to cut trees in their private lands to be arduous and in need of proper streamlining. Tedious aspects of the process included the need of multiple DENR officials to approve the permit (e.g. The need for PENROs, REDs, or the Secretary of Environment and Natural Resources himself to sign the permit for cutting premium hardwoods in private lands) and the long waiting time caused by the need for the participation of the signatories. This is especially problematic as tree farming is a particularly risky endeavour which relies on set harvesting periods to decrease the chances of disasters or pests from razing the landowners' investments.

Hence, I propose that Section 77 of the decree be revised to allow private landowners to freely harvest trees in their lands so long as none of the trees harvested are endangered. Should it be proven that endangered trees are harvested in these private lands, the offenders should be punished with the penalties imposed under Articles 309 and 310 of the Revised Penal Code.

An act barring individuals who were previously and currently convicted with tax or criminal cases from running for office.

2022-07-19 11:37:06 UTC

Our laws are too lenient in a sense that we allow the likes of Jinggoy Estrada (posted a bail of P1.33 million for his plunder and graft cases) and Bongbong Marcos (has a pending tax estate case worth P203 billion and a contempt order issued by a US court) to run for office. It is written in Art. II, Sec.4 of the Constitution that, "The prime duty of the Government is to serve and protect the people." But how can we assure that these aforementioned government officials will stay true to their mandate if they haven't even been cleared from their respective cases? Assuming an office post will just heighten their immunity which subsequently undermines the Rule of Law. It's also an immense disrespect to the Filipino people if the integrity of our elected officials are already marred with malversation. As such, the passage of this law will serve as an initial screening for our aspiring public servants and a reminder to us Filipinos that holding a public position must be met with the highest of standards.

An Act restructuring the budget allocation for the Philippines to automatically appropriate for industrialization, amending Book VI, Chapter IV, Section 26 of the 1987 Administrative Code

2022-07-19 12:38:23 UTC

Though this is something that I admit I need more research on, I do feel strongly about this.

The Philippines in under a debt trap. We keep on incurring debt without the ability to pay for it, given that our country was and is unable to industrialize. It is atrocious how the Philippines, an agricultural country, imports rice in millions of metric tons. I think one of the main reasons why our country cannot sustain itself is because under Book VI, Chapter IV, Section 26 of the 1987 Administrative Code, the government is tasked to automatically appropriate for the following before the national budget is allocated to its respective bodies: (1) personnel retirement premiums, government service insurance, and other similar fixed expenditures, (2) principal and interest on public debt, (3) national government guarantees of obligations which are drawn upon.

I think that that this should be amended, wherein that in number 2 be omitted. This would allow our country to have more funds to allocate for investing in our economy, such as in agriculture, manufacturing, and even education. Moreover, the reason why I think the automatic appropriations for debt must be omitted is because this has made the Philippines a favorite debtor to international organizations such as the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund. We keep on paying them well, thus making us more susceptible to even more debt, leading to more appropriations to pay them.

I would like to note however that us paying them is an obligation. Thus I think before this law gets enacted, our government must make a strong effort to repudiate our debts with the WB and the IMF on the grounds of the neo-colonization of the Philippines and how in the past, we were unable to control our currency. This is of course, a different topic.

In conclusion, I believe that it is necessary for the country to heavily focus on allocating our budget, our taxes, to projects and programs that would enable the Philippines to generate income. If this does not happen, then I think we'll just fall deeper in debt.

Legalization of Recreational Cannabis

2022-07-19 13:12:29 UTC

House bill 6517 or the proposed “Philippine Compassionate Medical Cannabis Act” was approved in 2019. The Philippines should further continue by legalizing the recreational use of cannabis. Similar to the United States of the America, the legalization of cannabis can help with the economy and stop the smuggling of drugs into the country through Government regulation.

An Act to the Protection and Liberty of Women's Reproductive Health Rights

2022-07-19 13:17:19 UTC

For years women have been subject to scrutiny by society. They have been seen as sexual commodities or are subject in a box of having the sole purpose to reproduce. Thus, there is an influx of discrimination towards women and their capabilities. Especially towards Filipino women. They are expected to stay home and take care of the babies. However, the tides are turning and women have imposed to protect their bodies and their abilities as humans. According to Government Health Regulations, there are rights for women. Yet they are not being protected. For instance, right to information and education. There is no known sexual education in the system. This could amount to numerous wrong and unknown decisions that could be a contribution to unwanted pregnancy or sexually transmitted diseases. This falls under the protection of women’s rights. Another example is the shame in contraceptives. The Philippines is a conservative country. But that does not mean that using contraceptives is taboo. The expectations and the judgement that comes with it reduces the rights of women choosing to do it for themselves. The examples I have mentioned should be enacted and taken to action because they are sources of overpopulation, lack of education, spread of diseases, and absence of protection for women

Anti-SLAPP (Strategic Litigation Against Public Participation) Bill

2022-07-19 13:20:07 UTC

Using the law as a weapon to silence critics and to intimidate people is not new in the Philippines. Journalist being threatened with libel suit is a news we hear in the Philippines all the time. In order to protect our freedom of speech we must protect people who are voicing there opinion. Recently a doctor by the name of Dr. Adam Smith was sued by Dr. Farah for giving his opinion about the dangers of her product. Dr. Adam was forced to face the charges against him and was forced to stop his YouTube channel in order to focus on his legal battle. Even if he wins the legal battle ,the damage has been done already. He already went into stress, and anxiety just to win a legal battle.

Decriminalizing libel is not enough to protect our right of speech. We must also have a law against people who it use to spread fear. Freedom of speech is one of the pillars of democracy without it democracy will not work. To protect our freedom of speech is also to protect our democracy. Our hero, Dr. Jose Rizal, died for democracy and freedom; let's not have another Dr. Rizal that will die for telling the cancers in our nation.

An act amending the Pardon Clause found in Article 266-C of R.A. 8353 aka The Anti-Rape Law of 1997

2022-07-19 13:22:16 UTC

The Pardon Clause of Republic Act 8353, also known as The Anti-Rape Law of 1997, states that:
"The subsequent valid marriage between the offended party shall extinguish the criminal action or the penalty imposed.

In case it is the legal husband who is the offender, the subsequent forgiveness by the wife as the offended party shall extinguish the criminal action or the penalty: Provided, That the crime shall not be extinguished or the penalty shall not be abated if the marriage is void ab initio."

It was in 1997 that Republic Act 8353 first took effect in the Philippines. By then, the definition of rape was expanded and it also became a public crime. This meant that anyone may file the crime on the victim's behalf. Despite of the positive amendments made, it was still lacking because at that same year, multiple western countries repealed the pardon clause of their versions of the same law. At the moment, the Philippines is the only Southeast Asian country that still enforces the pardon clause.

The clause basically gives the offender a way to escape the crime of rape through marriage of their victim or if the parties are married, the offending spouse may be pardoned for his crime through the forgiveness of the other. In this regard, I feel that the provision is troublesome for rape victims because their offenders are not given the consequences they deserve. Rape should not even be pardoned to begin with because it is a heinous crime committed through force and lack of consent.

Through the provision, offenders may pressure their victims into a compromise which is marriage; marriage should not be considered as consent. Additionally, subsequent forgiveness of a spouse for the other's rape cannot be said to produce a better future for the family. The laws of our land holds family as its basic institution from which development of the nation starts. When a spouse is raped by his other half, or when a victim is pushed to marry their offender, it exposes the victims to the possibility of further sexual violence.

Admittedly, I still lack knowledge regarding laws and court procedures. But this specific topic has me worried and curious for some time now. The Pardon Clause is clearly not pro victim but pro offender. I do believe the ultimate removal of this provision to The Anti-Rape Law would not only signify development in our country but also fortify the consequences of rape.

An Act improving the public transportation system in the Philippines

2022-07-19 13:36:58 UTC

It is undeniable that the Philippines most likely has one of the worst public transportation systems in the world. For an employee to not be late for their 8:00 AM work, they will have to leave their house at least 3–4 hours before to brave the Metro Manila traffic and arrive on time. Once employees time out of their offices at 5:00 PM, they have to suffer through another rush hour going home which will last for another 3–4 hours. By the time they arrive, they are already tired and will have little to no time for their personal necessities.

An act to improve the public transportation system in the Philippines is more important now than ever. With the progressing recovery of the country from the COVID-19 pandemic, the economy slowly starts to open different offices and markets which would require laborers and employees to attend on-site. With the increasing foot traffic, the government needs to enhance the transportation system in order to ease the burden of the Filipino commuters with the Metro Manila traffic.

Unfortunately, the only improvement that the local government and private corporations see regarding transportation is the never-ending innovation of infrastructure that caters only to private vehicle owners such as expressways. It is important to note that these kinds of projects only benefit the elite and it does not contribute to the mobility of the commuter sector of the Filipinos. With the rising oil prices, an act to improve the transportation system is necessary in order to provide support to both commuters and public utility vehicle operators in financing their daily needs.

An act incorporating financial literacy in the Basic Education program

2022-07-19 14:11:42 UTC

This act mandates the Department of Education to include financial literacy as a subject in the Basic Education curriculum. We need to arm our citizens basic financial literacy if we want them to prosper. We have to face the reality that many Filipinos are still not financially literate and still have many preconceived notions on topics such as debt and insurance. Additionally this act aims to teach the citizens of the Philippines to become more financially independent by arming them as early as Grade 6 to finances.

An act to increase minimum wage in the Philippines

2022-07-19 14:14:33 UTC

The Philippines has an average daily minimum wage rate of PHP316 to PHP537, varying from region to region. With this, I am proposing that the government should raise the minimum wage in the country.

First, it is written in the constitution that it is the right of the worker to have a living wage. Living wage is a comfortable life for filipinos and it is not just having 3 meals, but having the capacity to go to school or to even explore other life aspects and opportunities, not just basic necessities. Actually, if we think about it, workers in Australia, UK, and Ireland spend only 7% of their monthly pay on essential food products. When we compare it to the Philippines, minimum wage earners spend 75% of their monthly salary on basic food items alone. As we can see, there is this big disconnect on living expenses especially now, during the COVID-19 pandemic and the Russian-Ukraine conflict.

Then, We might ask: What about business owners? Will they go out of business if they must pay a higher minimum wage? The answer is no. Which leads us to our second point, businesses can afford higher pay.

According to the Department of Trade and Industry, large enterprises generate a total of 3 million jobs or 37% of the Philippines’ overall employment. And a vast majority of the low wage employees can be found here. However, it was also found out that these large companies are actually earning strong profits and can afford higher wages.

In fact, as the Philippines saw a few wage bumps from the last three years, companies still hired more people. Therefore, the response of the labor market is that wage adjustments do not cause business closure.

As for micro-enterprises, the CREATE Law, proposes to corporations with net taxable income of P5 million and below be granted a lower income tax of 20 percent. With that, employees from small businesses would also get a bigger pay.

Third, in a recent study done in Cornell University, it was reported that if we increase wages, we also increase the company’s competitive advantage because of its competitive workforce. Here, there is more productivity in the firm because higher wages reduce turnover. In fact, there is strong empirical evidence that higher minimum wages lead to more stable and experienced workforces. And the results? Customers are happy. Because they benefit from employees who are motivated to provide better service. To put it simply, happy employees lead to happy customers, which then make businesses happy with plenty of profit.

Therefore, I propose to the national wages and productivity commission, who is mandated to review minimum wages, to reevaluate the currency of the situation and fulfill the demands of labour groups for a P100-increase in the minimum wage nationwide so that workers’ pay can keep up with the rising cost of living. Filipinos are hardworking and we deserve a high standard of living by getting the right pay we deserve, especially after knowing that companies can actually afford it. Break the long-standing practice of making the labor market suffer.

An Act Decriminalizing Sex Work

2022-07-19 14:28:02 UTC

Sex workers are individuals who exchange sexual actions for money or any type of compensation in order to fulfill their basic needs on a day to day basis.

By continuing to allow sex work to be criminalized, it increases the possibility of abusers to take advantage of the weaknesses and the desperation of the sex workers. Sex workers, on a nightly basis, are abused by either their clients or managers at times where the latter's needs are not being completely met. There are even instances wherein law enforcement authorities themselves, such as police officers, harass and abuse the sex workers for their personal needs during raids and surveillances.

If sex work is to be decriminalized, sex workers will be able to work without being afraid as to whether they will survive the night or without being threatened into giving their consent. This would also lessen the percentage of individuals who are positive in sexual health related concerns as sex workers would have the right to fight for their basic human rights in their workplaces.

An Act to Promote Legal Assistance in Rural Areas in the Philippines

2022-07-19 14:32:54 UTC

More often than not, there are numerous communities in the Philippines who are in the dark when it comes to understanding how the law can benefit or protect them. As a witness of these injustices, there should be great emphasis on the notion that the law offers no exceptions. Provinces, small municipalities or even smaller cities, should be able to avail Pro Bono legal assistance. It is crucial for these people to also be given the opportunity to attain justice or at least understand the outcomes it may possibly bring for them, without worrying about any financial compensation from those willing to represent them.

I understand that the PAO exists and would want to be a part of the agency but there is only so much that they can handle. There should be weekly or monthly visits from legal aids to different, mostly rural places in the nation.

An Act Increasing the Wages of Workers in the Agricultural & Fisheries Sectors

2022-07-19 14:41:28 UTC

I believe agriculture and fisheries are two of the main sources of livelihood of many Filipinos. We have been getting food because of the hard work of the workers in these sectors. Although this is the case, I don't think they are being compensated with what they deserve.

According to PSA, in 2019, the nominal wage rate of agricultural workers had an average of PHP 331.10 per day, which was way below the minimum wage rate of PHP 537 per day in the country. Imagine working hard to provide food for millions of Filipinos, yet not being able to bring food to your family's table?

In addition to this, some farmers, who my friends had the opportunity to interview, are also the ones who spend money to pay middlemen or get equipment for their produce. This takes a big chunk off their salaries, and further pushes them down into poverty.

With this, I would like to propose for a law that would increase the wages of the workers of the agriculture and fisheries sector so they could earn more than minimum wage to support themselves and their families. Government agencies should ensure that these workers are compensated well. Doing so will not only improve the livelihood of the workers, it may also lead to higher economic growth due to the increase productivity of the workers in the sectors.

An act to make Project Management Mandatory in Senior High School Curriculum

2022-07-19 14:42:54 UTC

About Twenty Five Million Project Managers are needed globally by year 2030 according to 2021 Talent Gap Report of Project Management Institute. This act shall make this course mandatory to Senior High School students.

The prayer of the proponent is to up-skill the technical vocational skills of the senior high school to make them employable in the local and global companies.

One of the mandate of the implementing rules of Republic Act No. 10533, entitled “An Act Enhancing the Philippine Basic Education System by Strengthening Its Curriculum and Increasing the Number of Years for Basic Education, Appropriating Funds Therefor and for Other Purposes,” otherwise known as the “Enhanced Basic Education Act of 2013 under Rules II Section 10.2 Standards and Principles. The DepEd shall adhere to the following standards and principles, when appropriate, in developing the enhanced basic education curriculum:

(a) The curriculum shall be learner-centered, inclusive and developmentally appropriate;

(b) The curriculum shall be relevant, responsive and research-based;

(d) The curriculum shall be contextualized and global;

(e) The curriculum shall use pedagogical approaches that are constructivist, inquiry-based, reflective, collaborative and integrative;

(f) The curriculum shall adhere to the principles and framework of Mother Tongue-Based Multilingual Education (MTB-MLE) which starts from where the learners are and from what they already know proceeding from the known to the unknown; instructional materials and capable teachers to implement the MTB-MLE curriculum shall be available. For this purpose, MTB-MLE refers to formal or non-formal education in which the learner’s mother tongue and additional languages are used in the classroom;

(g) The curriculum shall use the spiral progression approach to ensure mastery of knowledge and skills after each level; and

(h) The curriculum shall be flexible enough to enable and allow schools to localize, indigenize and enhance the same based on their respective educational and social contexts.

For emphasis, the highlighted curriculum guidance in bold are not fully meet based on the recent study of employability tracer of the Senior High School that there has been a misfit and a concern of the skills readiness. Furthermore, the current curriculum is not preparing the graduates to work for global companies. With the rapid innovations and technology, the current curriculum is outdated and mainly focused for industrial and labor intensive vocational courses rather promoting a globally competent knowledge worker that cannot be replaced by robots and artificial intelligence.

An Act to Restrict Prospective Public Officials with Past, Ongoing and Suspected Criminal Cases to Run for Office.

2022-07-19 15:38:09 UTC

The Philippines is a democracy, and with democracy comes voting. However, with voting, comes the available choices that the citizens have to vote from—but what happens when all of the individuals running for office have past criminal cases such as corruption, falsification of documents, grave misconduct etc.?

That is the reality of the Philippines. The past election provides as a great example of the prevalence of individuals with criminal records running for office, some of which are Jojo Binay and Joel Villanueva.

By enabling individuals such as the aforementioned to run for office, it conveys to the citizens that no matter what crimes that were committed, no matter how grave (such as plunder and graft), they are still able to run for office.

For example, Joel Villanueva was suspected to be liable for the misuse of 10 million pesos, whilst Jojo Binay was sued for the overpricing of the 1.3 billion peso Makati Science High School amongst many other cases.

By restricting these individuals to run for office, it protects the citizens but also the nation from being victims of corruption and theft. As many of these politicians utilise their positions in office to advance their personal agendas. Putting their own desires over that of the Filipino citizens.

Furthermore, these individuals should be held accountable for their acts and crimes. Thus, they should be restricted from running from office not only to pay for their crimes, but also to show to the citizens that justice and fairness will prevail. Providing more leeway for the deserving to take office.

An Act to Promote Media Literacy in Basic Education

2022-07-19 16:59:57 UTC

One of the core reasons why fake news and historical revisionism are rampant in Philippine society is the country's lack of media literacy. Many of our countrymen can easily fall victim to fake news because they lack the skills to identify whether something comes from a reliable source.

An Act that ensures that no detainees are overstaying

2022-07-19 17:37:32 UTC

Even if at times, it may feel as if the law is a proverbial football that passes from one player to another leaving only the one holding it responsible for reaching the goal, this is not the case. Because laws change, the role of the legislature does not end with passing laws. The three branches of government must continue to work together to ensure that the constitution is upheld. They must do this especially for the sake of those persons who are deprived of their liberty. These people are at the mercy of the system.

If I were in the Congress, I would propose a law that ensures that there are no overstaying detainees in the city, municipal, and district jails by requiring the Bureau of Jail Management and Penology to create and implement a system that monitors the status of a case, the penalty or penalties for the crime if found guilty, and the number of days already spent in jail waiting for trial.

Often, the detained have already served their maximum sentences while awaiting trial. The objectives of this law therefore, would be to promote human rights and the efficiency of the Philippine judicial system, and to decongest the jails.

An act granting better access to education

2022-07-19 17:47:22 UTC

The Philippines is actually one of the most developed countries in Asia in terms of education yet for some reason not every child in the Philippines gets to have the same and equal access to proper education. With this, having an act that helps them have better access to education would then ensure that the children in the Philippines would have proper education growing up. Not only does this act help the children of the country, but also help individuals of different age groups to be able to go to school as not all adults have had proper education as well. Since having better access to education means that education is possible for all, aiding these individuals into going to and going back to school would mean that these individuals would have a much better chance at finishing school, earning a degree, and having better opportunities in such a competitive playing field.

An Act Removing the Valid ID Requirement for Getting a Valid ID

2022-07-19 17:49:16 UTC

I find this requirement a burden when I approach a government agency for getting a valid ID. The reason I am approaching them at the first place is because I need a valid ID but before I can get their ID I need to present a valid ID? It requires us citizens to approach it on a systematic manner, to analyze the requirements of each government issuing IDs, evaluating which ID can be obtained without a valid ID. This should not be the case, I hope the legislature can ask the executive departments what can be the standard requirement of getting an ID. Through the executive inputs, they can standardized the requirements. Additional requirements may still arise due to specific government agency needs, but the valid ID can be removed. These services are basic to each government agencies and they should aim to simplify the processes as much as possible.

An Act Requiring All High Schools to Teach Sex Education

2022-07-19 17:55:50 UTC

According to Buenaventura (2022), after the lockdown restrictions in the country have been lowered, teenage pregnancy rates are most likely to rise once more. Family planning specialist Dr. Festin says that the chances of these rates rising are highly probable as the root causes of teenage pregnancy in the Philippines have yet to have been properly addressed.

Thus, it is important that the teaching of sex education be made mandatory in all Philippine high schools across all regions. Especially with special focus on the significance of family planning and contraceptives along with the consequences of teenage pregnancy on young adults that are barely able to fend for themselves.

An Act Requiring the Translation of the Constitution and Laws to Filipino and Major Regional Languages

2022-07-19 21:38:09 UTC

Article XIV Section 8 of the 1987 Constitution states: "This Constitution shall be promulgated in Filipino and English and shall be translated into major regional languages, Arabic, and Spanish."

Despite being passed numerous years ago, there has been no official translation of the 1987 Constitution. This covers both the translation to Filipino and to the major regional languages. If ignorance of the law excuses no one, I believe Congress has to ensure that the law is accessible to everyone, including those who (1) do not speak English fluently or (2) do not speak English at all.

By providing official translations of the Constitution, families and individuals from lower socio-economic classes or indigenous communities are able to read and understand their rights and responsibilities. In turn, Congress is able to promote the value of inclusivity and fairness.

I would go so far as to propose a law that also requires the official translation of laws to Filipino and other major regional languages. This, I believe, is in line with the rationale of the writers of the Constitution in placing Section 8 of Article XIV. I concede to the fact, however, that it is administratively difficult. Nevertheless, I don't think that should bar the government from looking into the implementation of such.

Sources Referenced/Used:

https://www.officialgazette.gov.ph/constitutions/1987-constitution/

https://www.rappler.com/tachyon/r3-assets/612F469A6EA84F6BAE882D2B94A4B421/img/FE8DE58B88E24BEFB42FBD01F8D8E0D5/ph-constitution-amendments-february-18-2020.jpg

An Act Penalizing Corruption Outside the Limitations of Art. 210 and 211 of the R.P.C., and R.A. No. 3019

2022-07-19 23:30:23 UTC

Both Direct and Indirect Bribery under the RPC require the involvement of a consideration or a "gift." It therefore follows that an act of illegally giving undue favor to a person without any consideration will not be considered as bribery per se. On the other hand, albeit Sec. 3(a) of R.A. No. 3019 contain a provision similar to what I am proposing, I deem it important to have a legislation to better address this rampant issue.

Many law enforcers and government officials give undue favor to certain individuals because of "connections" or belonging to the same group or family-- without necessarily involving "gifts." I am of the viewpoint that it is equally wrong and must be punishable as those acts in the aforementioned provisions.

An act that addresses cyberbullying

2022-07-20 00:45:20 UTC

Living in the digital age, more people have access to technology and social media. Thus, information can be spread more quickly and freely. While technology has its benefits, it also has its disadvantages. Because people are more free to share their own opinions regarding matters discussed online, more-so anonymously, the media environment can become more toxic. For instance, there is a slang word called "Cancel Culture" which is defined by the Merriam-Webster dictionary as the mass withdrawal of support from public figures or celebrities who have done things that aren't socially accepted today. This practice of "canceling" or mass shaming often occurs on social media platforms such as Twitter, Instagram, or Facebook.

It is evident in our generation today that bullying, specifically online bullying, can negatively impact the lives of people. These acts of harassment should not and never be tolerated. Hence, this law can prevent such things from happening and protect all people of all ages in the cyberspace.

Source

An Act implementing a directive for more democratic urban planning

2022-07-20 04:20:46 UTC

The Philippines has ranked consistently as one of the countries that has the worst public transportation, highest volume of traffic, and worst conditions for a commuter in the world over the last few decades.

It cannot be denied that the traffic conditions cause a dire inconvenience in the everyday commute, forcing average travel times for the common working man a to total to around 3-4 hours per day. Additionally, it has been long voiced out that Filipinos do not have ample means of commuting as public transportation is limited and inefficient. Majority of these longstanding issues are brought about the urban planning in the country, and how it is biased toward the upper 1% that can afford private transportation, given this, it would be beneficial and strategic for an overpopulated country like the Philippines to adopt a law governing a more democratic system of urban planning, which is enumerated as follows.

I. Restructure of lanes for public roads and highways - Public roads in the country are biased to upper class citizens as the lanes provided in public roads are geared toward private vehicles, and only 1 lane allotted for public utility vehicles and motorcycles and bicycles. This should be restructured in the opposite direction, allocating more bus lanes and PUV lanes as the general population of commuters out number those in private vehicles 5:1.

II. Private Vehicle Limitation
Mandating the limitation of 2 private cars per household, and also phasing out of car licenses older than 15 years.

III. Stricter implementation of number coding for private vehicles - strict implementation of 2-day number coding.

IV. Prioritization of Bike Lanes - should not be accessible to motorcycles and other vehicles.

Hopefully the general direction of this law can somehow mitigate the difficulties and inefficiencies brought about by the current urban planning in the country.

An act providing stricter measures against Online Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (OCSEA)

2022-07-20 04:43:37 UTC

This is a cause near and dear to my heart as it was our Social Justice project output back in undergrad. Child sexual exploitation that occurs over the Internet and other associated media is known as Online Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse (OCSEA). Children are forced to engage in sexual acts and are videotaped and distributed without their consent in order to excite the sexual curiosity of the viewers. This is not a new phenomena since it has been a problem for many years; this is also not limited to the Philippines. The Pandemic, which kept us all inside, intensified this trend. Children will be more exposed to this type of abuse as prices rise and the unemployment rate continues to fall. Although legislation was created in the Philippines to tackle this matter, specifically the Expanded Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2012 and the Anti Child Pornography Act of 2009, the authorities or the government did not place a high priority on this exact purpose. As a result, online sexual exploitation of children is persistent and remains a big concern.

An Act to Improve Public Transportation

2022-07-20 05:09:38 UTC

There is no doubt that there is a problem with transportation in the Philippines, with the poor conditions of public transportation being an important factor. Roads are heavily congested with cars, trucks, buses, and all other kinds of motor vehicles that often cause a standstill in everyone’s daily travels. Philippine trains are plagued with incidents, problems, and daily breakdowns, and it can take hours for a person to travel to work and hours more to get back home. Time, effort, and money is lost everyday in the country’s difficulty in getting its citizens to where they need to go. It is my belief that by improving public transportation, with regards to speed, efficiency, safety and security, and affordability, life would become immensely better for Filipinos. It is a must that we improve the transportation situation of the Philippines.

An Act that Protects and Supports Forest Rangers

2022-07-20 05:43:09 UTC

Our country is well-known for having lush tropical rainforests, home to a dizzying variety of flora and fauna. Our country is also well-known for neglecting all of that. Deforestation and illegal mining activities continue to damage protected areas. While we do have forest rangers under the DENR who are assigned to protect certain locations, they are always few in numbers and grossly underpaid. Moreover, most of them do not have any means to defend themselves and as a result, are always harassed by illegal loggers and whoever is backing them up.

I would love to see a law that gives long overdue support to these forest rangers. They need to have greater salaries as well as more equipment (e.g. firearms, camping/survival equipment, first-aid kits) to fend for themselves. They need more assurance of a sustainable job especially since they are putting their lives at risk, while spending many hours away from their families, out in the wilderness.

Right now, most conservation efforts are being led by NGOs (e.g. Forest Foundation Philippines) or private entities (e.g. Masungi Georeserve). While their contributions are crucial, it is time for our government to step up to the task at hand and protect these forest rangers.

An act that holds disinformation peddlers to account

2022-07-20 06:34:46 UTC

If you still think disinformation is solely a social media issue, think again.

We've seen the consequences of disinformation propaganda – from lies dominating our feeds and emerging as prevailing opinion among the masses, to a majority electing a dictator's son who cleverly set up a well-oiled disinformation machinery to clear the name of their family. Disinformation seeps into our lives and significantly impacts our society in gradual and subtle ways we don't take notice of, until it's too late. We don't realize the relevance of truth and facts until we're at risk of losing both.

The worst part, disinformation peddlers get away with the damage they do. To protect our democracy, it's high time we hold them to account.

An Act Safeguarding the Rights of LGBTQIA+ Individuals to Access Proper Healthcare without Discrimination or Prejudice

2022-07-20 07:07:14 UTC

There have been multiple advancements made in accordance to the rights and welfare of the LGBTQIA+ community. However, there is still a facet of society that is needed to be fixated - Healthcare. There are a lot of nuances when it comes to accessing healthcare for queer individuals. There are those that are subjected to torment and dismissal due to their SOGIE (Sexual Orientation, Gender Identity and Expression). Discrimination still runs rampant and has two manifestations: 1) Psychological and 2) Physical. There have been studies that exhibits the psychological torment that LGBTQIA+ individuals face when trying to access decent healthcare. On the other hand, physical discrimination comes in the form of dismissal to suffice the treatment they need to live out their SOGIE, in which, is most prevalent in transgender individuals. There are free healthcare services specifically targeting the LGBTQIA+ community. However, the ratio of those which are not accessible to those that provide still is substantial. Hence, the need for provisions safeguarding their right to proper healthcare is a necessity and an integral step towards uplifting the rights of all citizens.

An Act Regulating the Use of Single-Use Plastic Products

2022-07-20 07:07:39 UTC

Every rainy season in the Philippines, flash floods are a very common occurrence. Almost all human activities are affected, public transportation is affected, and properties are destroyed. In the metropolitan, heavy rains cause flash floods even though there are drainage systems in place to prevent them from happening in the first place. This is because of the tons of trash that clog these drainage systems stopping the rainwater to flow. In the provinces, tons of trash wash up on shore after a particularly stormy or rainy day. In some municipalities, even, there is no proper and safe landfill area for their trash.

The problem of trash in the Philippines is still prevalent, and single-use plastic constitutes a big part of that problem. Consumers and businesses alike contribute to this problem. Households and individuals alike have this "tingi-tingi" or "sachet culture" that magnifies the problem of trash in our country. Businesses still use plastic bags, plastic utensils, plastic plates, plastic straws, and other single-use plastic products in the name of efficiency and profit. All of these and other practices are done at the expense of our environment. As such, if I would be a member of Congress I would propose a bill to regulate the use of plastic in the Philippines. Ideally, we see a plastic-free society where all single-use plastic and all plastic packaging are phased out, therefore, citizens and businesses alike would then practice sustainability. This would be a difficult task to undertake, as such, proposed incentives must be given to businesses that participate in this initiative and penalties would be incurred by those who don't. This bill would also undeniably affect the lives of the common Filipino and those who are financially unstable since the use of single-use plastic products and the use of products in plastic packaging is a way for them to lessen their expenses. So, the bill would also need to indicate the activities to lessen the effects of the regulation. Alternative packaging and activities should also be proposed. This would then be undertaken by various government agencies including but not limited to DENR and DTI.

An Act Promoting Access to Contraceptives and Family Planning

2022-07-20 07:22:53 UTC

Another aspect of Philippine society that is missing is the lack of access to contraceptives and family planning that can help the country manage its overpopulation. In line with the proposals of sex education that other peers have proposed, there is a clear need to supplement it further by legalizing an act that seeks to be transparent about natural biology to not only be informed about these biological impulses, but to also help in providing autonomy and choice to those who are not aware that they can even choose.

An Act Limiting Immediate Family Members in Attaining Elected Positions (Anti-Dynasty Law)

2022-07-20 07:38:31 UTC

The political system in the Philippines has been one that has historically gone the way of certain political families that rule certain positions in government. Whether it is the Marcos family in the Ilocos Region or the Ejercito-Estrada family in national politics, political dynasties have maintained a strong grasp on Philippine politics. While the Filipino people have the right to vote their preferred candidates in free, honest, and democratic elections, political dynasties limit the people in their choices. There is a clear need to limit these dynasties in their power as they have the ability to influence local and national politics in ways that may only benefit them and not the whole Filipino people.

An act expanding the energy grid through sustainable and renewable sources.

2022-07-20 08:12:14 UTC

Even since the boost in technological dependence, the demand for electricity has been on a continuous upward trajectory. In the Philippines’ however, the supply of electricity has seen its breaking point, as in the early ‘90s, rotational power outages were a daily struggle. There is then a need to expand the energy capacity to meet this ever-rising demand, notwithstanding the drastic effects of energy generation on the environment. Therefore, this said needed expansion in the national power grid should not only reach its goal blinded on these said spillover effects but is cognizant of these to help create an energy system that is sustainable and stable moving forward.

The rise of renewable energy sources like geothermal, wind, and solar energy is not a new topic of discussion; in fact, there are already existing laws and proposed legislation recognizing the potential of these sources. For instance, R.A. 9513 was enacted with the aim of advancing the country’s development of its renewable energy resources such as biomass, the solar, wind, hydro, and geothermal energy sources, among others. With this, aside from its goal to achieve energy self-sufficiency, ensures to lessen the Philippines’ dependence on fossil fuels which leads to minimizing the country’s vulnerability to price fluctuations in the market. Furthermore, Senate Bill No. 1030 decentralizes the Renewable energy law to the local government units, making the enforcement of the law more efficient and custom to the specification of every locality.

Even with existing and proposed legislation as ideal as mentioned, the reality says otherwise–the dependence on traditional energy sources persists. With this then, given a platform, I would propose a law that would streamline these existing laws, provide the actual blueprint how these laws will be enforced, and define further the high need for us to slowly transition to renewable energy. This proposed law will not just recognize the need for this source of energy and its potential, but will emphasize its necessity while providing a practical action plan in making the law into actual material project.

An Act Amending Republic Act No. 8792, or otherwise known as the "Electronic Commerce Act of 2000," and for other Purposes Related Thereto

2022-07-20 08:24:09 UTC

It has been predicted that the value of electronic commerce (e-commerce) transactions in the Philippines will hit nearly Php500 billion by 2025 with alternative payment tools expected to drive online activities (GlobalData, 2022). However, the current e-commerce law and other related laws do not cover this development.

More than two decades after its legislation, Republic Act No. 8792, or otherwise known as the "Electronic Commerce Act of 2000," is deemed to be outdated. The law defines electronic commerce (e-commerce) as "the process of buying and selling goods (and services) electronically by consumers and from company to company through computerized business transactions." It applies to any kind of electronic data message and electronic document used in the context of commercial and non-commercial activities to include domestic and international transactions, contracts and exchanges and storage of information (Section 4, RA 8792). Most notably, the law gives legal recognition to electronic data messages, electronic documents and electronic signatures [Section 5(e)(f), RA 8792].

With the accelerated adoption of e-commerce during the COVID-19 pandemic, the law needs to address the substantial developments in technology. Further, the law must include a dedicated consumer protection legislation for e-commerce.

Under the Department of Trade and Industry, an eCommerce Bureau shall be established. Its mandate, among others, is to focus on promoting the development of e-commerce in the country by building trust between sellers and consumers, stronger online consumer protection, safer e-payment gateways, easier online business registration, and formulating other policies and programs to increase the number of online merchants and consumers.

Moreover, RA 8792 should be amended in compliance and in relation to Republic Act No. 10173, otherwise known as the "Data Privacy Act of 2012." Under this law, e-commerce platforms may use the personal data they collect to conduct data analytics for marketing and advertisement purposes, provided the data subjects consented to these particular purposes. Amendments in the Electronic Commerce Act can totally prohibit this marketing scheme through data mining.

Lastly, the boost of e-commerce activities in the country through the different online platforms like Lazada, Shopee, Carousell, etc. also gave way to the rise of GCash, Maya, Paypal, and GrabPay as alternative payment solutions. Thus, the Electronic Commerce Act should also be amended to cater and support the growth of electronic payments.

Magna Carta of Students' Rights and Welfare

2022-07-20 09:05:02 UTC

In the absence of a law that protects the bill of rights of students, they become subjected to harassment, different forms of violence, and injustice that may be perpetrated by different stakeholders and school policies.

Especially in the discussion of tuition fee hikes, sexual harassment cases, and harassment committed by professors, we see that there is a need to have a codified document that asserts the rights of students. There are schools with no student handbooks and most universities have yet to localize the implementation of the Safe Spaces Act of 2019 in their handbook. Not all educational institutions have afforded themselves of policies that truly cater to the needs of students, if anything, there are so many cases of discrimination against students of diverse SOGIESC. This is in parallel to the call of passing the SOGIE Equality Bill.

Moreover, the Philippines is under an education crisis with Sara Duterte being the Secretary of Education. Now more than ever, we need to assert the rights of students at a time when students are also being targeted by the state. Under the Duterte regime, there have been cases of campus militarization, police brutality, and even the threat of mandatory ROTC. Just by the abrogation of the UP DND Accord is a manifestation of how the state is keen on controlling educational institutions in their favor. We need to assert our academic freedom in pursuit of a society that is critical and democratic. Even student publications are also being targeted by the state by red-tagging them.

An Act Legalizing Divorce in the Philippines

2022-07-20 09:23:42 UTC

There is no provision in the 1987 Constitution that expressly prohibits divorce. The express dissent of prelates and politicians against divorce hinges on the fact that the country is predominantly Catholic and the majority of their constituents, therefore, operate on the belief that marriage is sacred and should not be broken by men. There is an ongoing fear of being judged and to avoid backlash coming from religious groups, the mechanism of several lawmakers has been to vote against the bill. However, this should not be the case because lawmakers should be drafting policies and laws based on data, observations, and objective analyses of marriages in the country and not based on the sentiments of religious groups.
Though the mandate of the State is to protect the family and to make all decisions in favor of this basic unit, it also includes the protection of women and children against harmful environments and upholding justice for this cause at all costs.
Our current laws on the annulment of marriage only allows the dissolution of marriage. Divorce treats a marriage as having existed while annulment legally renders a marriage to not have existed at all. Divorce with fault is a way to HOLD PEOPLE AT FAULT ACCOUNTABLE.

It is not passive and does not serve merely as a last resort like annulment, especially in the case of abuse. The Family Code enumerates grounds for annulment to be the following: lack of parental consent, insanity/psychological incapacity; fraud, force, intimidation, or undue influence; impotence; and sexually transmissible diseases. This list FAILS TO ENCAPSULATE prevailing problems surrounding marriages in the Philippines.

Divorce provides the other hand recognizes that marriage may be broken due to but not limited to the grounds namely, adultery, unreasonable behavior, desertion, abuse, and separation for a certain amount of time.
In line with this act, the proposal for children in divorced marriages to retain their status as legitimate and adopted heirs should also be included to protect the children in the marriage.

An Act to end Contractualization and improve Labor Policies

2022-07-20 09:38:29 UTC

Contractualization is one of the main issue encompassing labor gaps and unemployment in the Philippines. It promotes unfair wage contracts that takes advantage of the the employee. Moreover, due to the unfair termination in the terms of 'endo' several individuals are left unemployed especially during the pandemic. The terms of the contract are usually established to exploit workers with salary less than the minimum wage. This situation has been observed in several instances such as the NutriAsia, PLDT and several other big corporations.

Labor Code and policies also need improvements in terms of regional wages. There should be an action that aims to improve equity in terms of wage and job distribution. Contractualization increases the rate of poverty in the country and continues to shield imperialistic corporations and even domestic monopolies that exploit contractual workers for surplus value. As such, it only increases the gap between social classes.

This plight has always been protested by several Filipinos in hopes to improve the current situation of labor in the Philippines. What is more disheartening is that it has been promised time and time again, yearly, and every election that contractualization would end. However, despite the continuing protests, it all falls to deaf ears and the situation regarding unfair labor treatment still continues to exist. Unemployement rates in the country would continue to increase while corporations would continue to exploit domestic laborers.

One of the initial steps that could be made is set up a national wage system where the minimum wage is equal for all and is applied nationwide without the exception of regionality. Second, labor terms must improve in terms of salary and wage distribution for corporation towards manual laborers. Lastly, even if the process is not immediate and the economy cannot afford to end the contractualization immediately. The government should set up new terms for contract agreements that should be applied nationally that would assure the laborer's rights to not be exploited.

REPUBLIC ACT NO. 7743 - AN ACT PROVIDING FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF CONGRESSIONAL, CITY AND MUNICIPAL LIBRARIES AND BARANGAY READING CENTERS THROUGHOUT THE PHILIPPINES, APPROPRIATING THE NECESSARY FUNDS THEREFORE AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

2022-07-20 10:04:23 UTC

While we have this law to ensure that public libraries and reading centers are available throughout the Philippines, I don't think we maximize the use of it. For one, it is not really known that these establishments are actually ready and available for use. There are no proper channels or projects which advertise or encourage the use of these establishments (i.e. no circulation of information regarding the schedule of opening and closing, maintenance of building structures and facilities, and preservation of books and upgrading available technologies, like computers or accessible wi-fi, as necessary). It would also be great if development plans are updated to elevate our literacy level and encourage the use of these public spaces.

An Act that Requires All Public Transportation Systems to Adhere to a Centralized Mode of Payment

2022-07-20 11:13:43 UTC

As suggested by others, our country's public transportation is very problematic, inefficient, and a burden to Filipino commuters, especially those who rely on public transportation due to high cost of owning (and maintaining) a private vehicle, and self-preference, among others. Though the macro solution clearly requires a great understanding and well-grounded planning, I believe that one aspect of achieving a sustainable and efficient public transportation system is to make the payment mechanism centralized or simply the same for all. It might present some implications such as accessibility and the need for technological advancements for certain types of vehicles (i.e. jeepneys and tricycles), but I think that with proper allocation of funds, systematic planning, and bona fide implementation, this is achievable and beneficial for every Filipino. Moreover, this allows flexibility and easier footprint for both consumers and employees/workers (under the transport system) which will surely entice and incentivize the use of public rather than private transportation.

An act regulating the adoption of Artificial Intelligence

2022-07-20 11:28:50 UTC

Without a doubt, technology has been evolving at an unprecedented rate and of the technologies that professionals have been advocating for would be Artificial Intelligence or A.I. Currently, A.I is a bit limited to automated data analysis, robotics, and machine learning. However, it will mostly likely further progress in the future. While A.I will definitely help the world because it will make processes more efficient and effective, it will still disrupt certain industries and even render some jobs useless (which may lead to the unemployment of some)

Hence, regulating the advancement of A.I through a hypothetical may help mitigate the effects of advancing such technologies. This act does not intend to prohibit the use of A.I, only to regulate its growth so as to not upset the economy and the people’s jobs. For example, this act may require companies who would adopt radical A.I practices to enumerate how they will properly mitigate the jobs that will be affected by such adoption (perhaps by training the employees to apply the A.I as their new job description).

An act regularizing public transportation drivers' salary.

2022-07-20 12:17:18 UTC

Currently, multiple operators of different types of public transport rely on a boundary system. Every day, there must be a quota of earning drivers need to achieve in order to get their money for the day. In turn, there have been multiple cases, especially during the oil price hikes, wherein drivers have abandoned their post and seek to get jobs somewhere else.

Personally, I have been affected by the reduction of drivers willing to operate on a daily basis. Just the other day I spent 30 minutes waiting for a single jeepney that used to be abundant. Now, there have been movements towards drivers receiving daily salaries, which are mostly from the "libreng sakay" program. Although there have been complaints in the radio regarding drivers not getting their pay.

With the regularization of the daily wages of drivers, this should lead to the improvement of public transportation (in terms of jeeps, buses, etc). I say this because there would be no need for "passenger competition" wherein some PUV/Js wait hours just to get the full trip, or the constant slowing down looking for passengers while on the road, while other countries (such as Hong Kong) would have scheduled trips that are efficient, cause less traffic, and have little to no waiting time.

Education on Internet Safety

2022-07-20 12:24:23 UTC

A topic I am passionate about is social media. Not in the sense that I'm an influencer or anything like that, quite the opposite in fact. It is no secret that Filipinos love social media. Our nation is referred to as the social media capital of the world, due to our (over)use of social media networks.

If I had the opportunity to, I would propose a law that would provide education to citizens about the dangers of social media, such as addiction, phishing, and identity theft to name a few. To narrow it down even more, maybe a module for primary school students providing education for this. Why? Because kids in today's society grow up holding a cell phone or tablet.

I believe learning about the addiction to social media, as well as learning to protect themselves will allow for a culture shift in Filipinos. As of now, many Filipinos center their lives around social media, posting for likes and attention. If they learn about the truth behind the addiction to it, it might slow down their usage, as well as the possibility to find better uses for their time. Also, learning about the dangers of social media, like sharing personal information, can hinder identity theft and other such problems one may encounter on social media.

Technology has its place in society, given that we are in a "digital age". However, Filipinos must be careful in their usage of social media, and education could be a useful way to protect them, or more importantly, teach them to protect themselves.

An Act improving and expanding Republic Act No. 10175 otherwise known as "Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012”

2022-07-20 13:12:48 UTC

Technological advances have been evolving in an unprecedented rate. Now, we have the cryptocurrency with their NFTs and e-coins, unmanned drones that are changing the tides of warfare, AI-equipped tools that mechanically turn on light switches and do other mundane tasks, and, of course, electric cars that don't consume fossil fuels.

I know one would argue that Philippines is not among the countries in the fore front of the technological race, unlike the United States, South Korea, and Japan. But malwares and black-hat activities permeates the web through different means.The web is virtually a omnidirectional terrain where any bugs could creep through one device to another, using both indirect and direct channels. This description already portrays the difficulty of tracking a single a virus and the way to mitigate its spread.

So a solution to this growing problem is to expand and strengthen Philippine cybersecurity policies, especially in the subject towards the protection of governmental infrastructures prone to infiltration. Moreover, the immense lack of cybersecurity laws could make Philippines a perfect breeding ground for black-hat activity to thrive. Without an early development of such safeguard, the proliferation of viruses in the future will spread and evolve in the a manner (the same way COVID-19 has hunted us) we couldn't stop. We would find our preventive mechanisms obsolete. Are we just going to wait until the problem, which we have foreseen, consume us first before we do something about it?

I am no tech-savvy person nor a science computer pundit to offer a comprehensive cybersecurity by twelve noon. But I recognize the looming threat of the web. Therefore, I advocate the start of developing a policy that would gradually augment our extant legislature against hacking and misuse. Implement an curriculum that would orient Filipinos about dangers of internet (this is very aptly to our fight against he misinformation), especially G-cash is becoming a staple monetary mean of paying. Focus and invest on technological innovations as the only way to combat hacker is to be a hacker yourself—think like a hacker. In this way, Filipinos could have the right instruments and technology to sharply combat ill-intent acts, while maintaining our steady pace of innovation.

Improving the Partylist System

2022-07-20 13:36:08 UTC

Partylist representation in the House of Representatives is the Philippines' avenue for communication and better representation of the minority–the marginalized and underrepresented sectors of society. The partylist representatives make up 20% of the Congress, with over hunders of partylist organizations vying for at least one (1) seat every election. Each partylist group stands for a different advocacy and sector, with which they mainly root and draw their campaigns and legislations from.

With many partylist sectors competing for a seat in Congress, there has been a low turnout of votes for these representatives and those that do manage to get a seat have factors such as entertainment appeal and incumbency advantage as their strengths, which ultimately blurs the objective of having the partylist sector represent the marginalized and in turn affects their performance as legislators.

With that, the COMELEC holds a great part in reforming the Partylist System in even the most minute detail of reevaluating and reexamining if partylist sectors are truly and genuinely represented. While the current Partylist System Act of 1995 aims to promote the marginalized and underrepresented in policy making, it is seen today that the partylist representation system is being heavily abused by those who have the means to run for office, as seen in partylists such as Duterte Youth or Tutok to Win.

An Act that provides rules, guidelines, and sanctions regarding internships.

2022-07-20 13:42:15 UTC

As someone who took up internships, I experienced being pushed into work that was beyond my internship description. More so, I believe I was severely underpaid for the work that I placed everyday. I worked for more than 8 hours sometimes. Hopefully, this kind of culture on internships will change and the benefits and purposes of internships will be uplifted. The nature of internships should be that of a learning experience, not an abusive one. Yet, there are instances wherein the role of interns becomes volatile and interns have no other choice but to follow. This act will address these stories and develop the level of educational quality that internships are supposed to provide.

An act improving the transportation system of the Philippines

2022-07-20 13:54:57 UTC

Month after month, we hear reports about the long and time-consuming lines of our public transportation, yet there is still no plan to improve the system. Aside from the modernization of these systems and the implementation of the "Libreng Sakay" Program, it would be beneficial to the country, both economically and environmentally, if we invest in more efficient means of transportation such as providing more trains, widening the roads, and focusing more on urban planning and in making the cities more pedestrian friendly.

Part of the improvement of the public transport systems is also helping in improving the lives of its operators. A possible way for this is by subsidizing the price of fuel for public utility vehicles, having designated stops for jeepneys to avoid traffic, and having a functioning system that incentivizes people for using public transport instead of being forced to by a personal car.

An Act to Standardize Sex Education for HIV Prevention with Emphasis on Condom Usage and Distribution

2022-07-20 14:15:54 UTC

The 2017 Philippine National Demographic and Health Survey indicates that knowledge of HIV prevention among women between the ages of fifteen and forty-nine increases by their level of education. However, a large disparity exists between those who are exclusively aware of either “using condoms” or “limiting sexual intercourse to one uninfected partner” as methods of preventing HIV. This disparity points to a relatively larger lack of awareness of condom usage as an HIV prevention method across all levels of education. It is important, therefore, that sex education across all educational institutions be standardized with an emphasis on condom usage, which ought to be complementary to limiting one’s sexual partners.

The Commission on Higher Education has yet to standardize any form of sexuality education, leaving such matters for students to learn on their own, especially if DepEd’s mandated CSE fails to achieve quality standards as well as proper execution, or putting sex education in the hands of the higher education institutions themselves. Therefore, An Act to Standardize Sex Education for HIV Prevention with Emphasis on Condom Usage and Distribution

Aside from standardizing and streamlining sex education curricula across all educational institutions, an emphasis be adopted on the use of condoms as an effective method of HIV prevention.

An Act Providing Pre-deployment Trainings to OFWs

2022-07-20 14:40:53 UTC

Numerous bills and laws that cater to the welfare of Overseas Filipino Workers have been filed and passed. However, most of these are reactive in nature and are only felt when violence ensues. There is a need then for a proactive law that physically and mentally equips OFWs through pre-deployment seminars, basic English classes, and self-defense training. At its core, apart from ensuring the safety of these workers, the policy also allows OFWs to fully understand their rights and duties as employees and, as well as the obligations of their employers. With rampant employment scams, this law will also help OFWs process their paperwork and determine fraudulent agencies. Indeed this will require tedious work from multiple government agencies, but considering the number of OFWs who experienced and are still subjected to violence, abuse, and discrimination, passing this law is much needed to foster a safer and fairer working environment for Filipinos working abroad.

An Act Requiring Food Establishments Operated by Corporations to Donate their Excess Food to the Less Fortunate

2022-07-20 15:03:15 UTC

I came across a video in my Facebook timeline where a worker from a famous doughnut shop in the Philippines is carefully throwing away the leftover doughnuts after her shift. As a normal reaction, I felt a sense of panghihinayang not only because I am aware of the food waste problem in the country but most especially because I am aware of the pagpag culture where impoverished Filipino families resort to scavenging leftover food from the garbage to satisfy their hunger. It does not feel right that there is a population fighting hunger every single day through inhumane means while there are corporations who simply throws away excess food. It is a huge waste of resources when it could have been used to address hunger in the country.

Republic Act No. 9803, also known as "An Act to Encourage the Donation of Food for Charitable Purposes" was enacted to alleviate national poverty and reduce food wastage. Although the state implemented measure to encourage the donation of apparently wholesome food for charitable purposes, I believe this did not impose much responsibility on the part of citizens especially food establishments operated by huge corporations. To whom much is given, much is expected in return. These corporations earn millions or even billions of money while operating business in the country; thus, it is just right to compel them into contributing solutions to the problems of the state.

Recently, House Bill 8873 or the "Food Waste Reduction Act" has been approved. This aims to resolve hunger through establishing food banks where establishments, households, and other institutions may donate edible excess food. However, I still believe this lacks responsibility on the part of corporations to address hunger and food waste. There must be a system that links food establishments' food waste to impoverished families experiencing hunger -- and the state shall be the forerunner in establishing that system through this proposed law.

An Act to Include Digital Literacy in the General Curriculum of Primary Level Education

2022-07-20 15:08:00 UTC

The virtual and digital realm has long been established in our everyday lives given our quick access to the internet and the staying power of numerous social media platforms. The power of the virtual world is ever pervasive, and I believe that its influence on us is also extremely underestimated because of how integrated it is in our lives. That said, I think it is important that, at an early age, we get to have an understanding of this and the implications of what happens when we are on the internet and give our data to various sites and apps. Digital literacy must be established as a subject in primary schools just as how foundational subjects like Math and English are being taught, so as children will be more equipped and more careful when going on the internet.

An Act Decriminalizing Small-time Drug Offense

2022-07-20 15:12:14 UTC

Instead of looking at the drug epidemic as a criminal offense, we can see it as a health policy problem. Substance use disorder, commonly known as drug addiction, is defined as a disease by most medical associations, including the American Medical Association (AMA). Considering drug addiction as a disease will help solve its root cause. Small-time drug offense decriminalization would eliminate criminal penalties for the use and possession of drugs and low-level drug sales. They will instead get help to face their addiction or dependency through rehabilitation and other medical treatments.

Decriminalizing small-time drug offenses have several benefits, not only to the government but to the individuals caught using drugs. According to BJMP, as of 2019, about 70% of detainees face drug charges. Hence, decriminalizing the offense could save up money by reducing budgets for correctional and law enforcement. Consequently, we can use this budget for drug rehabilitation. This will then prioritize the health and safety of drug users over punishment which we know how bloody it can be. Lastly, this will reduce the stigma associated with drug use which can encourage problematic drug users to seek treatments and other supports.

An Act That Will Provide Permanent Shelters for Stray Animals in Every LGU

2022-07-20 15:14:16 UTC

According to PAWS, "The city pound is a government funded facility where stray cats and dogs are impounded for a certain period until they are claimed by their owners, adopted — or if left unclaimed, euthanized." It is also legal for the city pound to euthanize unclaimed animals after the holding period.

While it is imperative to contain stray animals and limit their unsupervised repopulation, I believe that strays should be given the chance to have a permanent dwelling place with sufficient resources funded by the government. The shelter will serve as a home for them where they have free access to clean water, food, and proper living spaces. Stray animals will also be spayed or neutered to prevent unwanted repopulation.

I acknowledge that there are non-profit organizations that provide more in-depth and extensive care for the strays. However, I do believe that it is imperative if our government would take direct action in caring for them as well. With this, they will set an example for the citizens to follow – to regard stray animals with utmost kindness.

An Act Requiring Martial Law Education in the School Curriculum

2022-07-20 15:14:27 UTC

The Philippines has long faced an education crisis. With the son of a dictator currently holding the highest post in the land, it is evident that disinformation about the brutal martial law continues to perpetuate in society. Much of this phenomenon may be attributed to the country's flawed education system, which often portrays the Marcos regime as a "golden era" – despite it being one of the darkest points of Philippine history. This is further aggravated by misinformation machinery employed by the Marcoses themselves.

I believe that it is important for students to learn about the realities of the martial law period and the harm that the Marcoses inflicted on the country. This may be likened to how Germany requires the teaching of the Holocaust and the Nazi era in order to deepen students' understanding of the human rights violations conducted during this era.

This law remains ever relevant given that the current President Marcos desires to distort history in their favor. By mandating schools to teach martial law as it actually occurred, students from grade school to college would be able to remember the ills of the past and never again repeat these mistakes.

An Act Regulating Parents to Share their Children's information and Photos in the Internet

2022-07-20 15:56:39 UTC

A child's privacy must also be protected, and having a lot of pictures in the internet before they are even legal to use it compromises their safety. Moreover, these images can be used by child pornography sites that will endanger these children, especially women.

Ameliorating Benefits and Incentives for Government Employees

2022-07-20 15:56:43 UTC

While there are numerous pressing issues that equally deserve to be on the forefront of legislative attention (namely: education, agriculture, the environment, social services, and many more), I believe one of the underrated issues is the plight of government employees. There are two particular problems I would address:

(1) The lack of motivation for highly skilled and qualified individuals to serve the people through the government

(2) The (relatively) small-time corruption that permeates even to the grass roots level of government service

I believe that societal change must always come from the people, a ground up approach. Even in circumstances where the government enforces strict rules that are intended to create a disciplined society, their efforts would fail if there was no internal revolution in the psyche of the populace. With this logic, I find that one of the factors we inevitably must consider is that of the government--particularly the local government units and even further down the pipeline of governmental power, down to city-employed street sweepers and the barangay tanods.

We may be able to kickstart this societal change if we begin with incentivizing working for the government to attract individuals who otherwise were not bestowed the call of service (albeit indentured servitude from the experience of close friends of mine if only to repay the priceless cost of citizenship to our nation). Further and perhaps more crucially, I move to ameliorate the benefits and salary of government workers and create enviable working conditions in order to manufacture or instill a sense of pride for their role in the country's development and more concretely, discourage petty acts of corruption at the grass roots level.

This is not to admit in naivety that people are easily satisfied but it a step in the direction of creating a governmental system that is to be held in high regard. If we can learn to trust our government again and become cognizant of how we can hold them accountable as citizens, perhaps we can stir a collective sense of nationalism and restore the bayanihan spirit that we once upheld and use it toward furthering a national conscience that is awake, aware, and, for lack of better terminology, woke. Hopefully, this helps to awaken the innate power of the people as a collective, not as individuals and kills the collective apathy or else blind faith in "great leaders" with the blatant disregard for personal action and improvement.

On big businesses and their carbon footprints

2022-07-20 15:57:01 UTC

Nowadays, we see more and more small and medium enterprises doing their part to lessen their carbon footprint. Sustainably and ethically made clothing is everywhere on Instagram, and more small businesses are using reusable takeout containers. New businesses, especially those led by our generation are refocusing their goals and prioritizing the planet just as much as their profit. However, these small and medium enterprises can only do so much. Those contributing more significant carbon footprint are the large corporations that drive the markets.

With the current effects of climate change and global warming that we are already experiencing, and the effects that we are still yet to experience, major changes must be made by these big businesses.

If a carbon footprint law were enacted, then corporations would have to make radical decisions to continue doing business. This would then be beneficial to all people on earth and more importantly, the future generations.

An Act Requiring a Return Service Agreement Among Graduates of State Universities

2022-07-20 16:10:10 UTC

One of the economic woes of the Philippines is termed the brain drain phenomenon. That is, most of the college graduates in the Philippines migrate to other countries to work in low-skilled jobs. With the implementation of the Free Tuition Act, the government allocated a higher portion of its budget to subsidize state universities. A return service agreement should be implemented in order to reap the benefits of the government's investment in education. The return service agreement can also promote a sense of nation building among the youth.

An Act Regulating the Production of Corporations

2022-07-20 20:04:28 UTC

Big corporations contribute gravely to climate change due to the excessive amount of production of goods. Companies leave great carbon footprints leading to environmental degradation. Considering that the Philippines is a third-world country, we experience more effects of climate change compared to first-world countries. A lot of small and poor countries are usually victims of climate injustice brought by the overproduction of other rich countries.

While it is unfair that the suffering and the burden fall on countries like ours even though we contributed the least to the problem, it wouldn’t be beneficial for the country to not do anything about the problems of the environment as it would affect the lives of many.

Along with other laws that aim to promote sustainability, an act that would regulate and limit the contribution of big corporations in the worsening of the quality of the environment will be helpful to at least slow down the degradation, granted that it might already be unsalvageable. There can be allowable rates on the amount of production every year, and a list of materials that are allowed, limited, and not allowed to use for the production of goods.

AN ACT GRANTING PAID MENSTRUAL LEAVE

2022-07-21 01:55:59 UTC

The effect of the monthly menstrual cycle on women’s bodies varies from one to another. Some had to go through painful dysmenorrhea, while others experienced recurring headaches, backaches, and fatigue. A paid menstrual leave apart from the mandated sick leave will provide women a dedicated time to recuperate from the negative effects of menstruation on their bodies. A time off can also be an opportunity to visit a doctor and check if menstrual symptoms are due to serious underlying conditions.

In 2004, the late Senator Miriam Santiago filed Senate Bill No. 1687 entitled An Act Granting Menstruation Leave of One (1) Day A Month with Fifty Percent Daily Remuneration to All Female Employees in The Private and Public Sectors.

While this is a good starting point, I would like to reconsider having a 100% pay for female employees who will avail menstrual leave, as well as at least two (2) days of paid menstrual leave a month because the menstrual period lasts for several days.

Source: 13th Congress - Senate Bill No. 1687 - Senate of the Philippines

An Act Creating Improved and Accessible Public Transportation Systems in the Philippines

2022-07-21 01:59:03 UTC

As a regular commuter both within the busy streets of Metro Manila and from province to province I can empathize with the millions of Filipinos who rely on public transportation on a daily basis. I can also relate to the heavy traffic caused by the mass of private cars, improper pick up and drop off areas of different jeepneys and busses and terrible road etiquette. The sweat on my back from transferring from 2 jeeps 2 train lines and a trike are fresh on my mind as I write this post. The lack of mobility is evident not just within Metro Manila, but in provinces where there are less options for commute and areas still hard to reach requiring long, dangerous walks to get to their school or workplace daily.

Mobility has crucial implications to the daily lives of Filipinos and the economy. As such, i find that improved efforts on addressing public transportation on the grounds of:
(1) Accessibility, both in terms of being available and affordable;
(2) Safety, being affordable does not mean you have to sacrifice safety and;
(3) Sustainability, so that these systems continue to persist and serve while considering environmental factors.

An Act Amending RA 9729 known as the Climate Change Act of 2009

2022-07-21 04:14:58 UTC

Proposing a multi-level governance system through a policy integration framework through our undergraduate thesis, studying different environmental laws in the Philippines made me see the loopholes in our laws dedicated to Climate Change Action. Indeed, we have laws which are theoretically ideal to adequately respond to the changes in our environment but there are still points which we need to address such as mobilizing local governments as first line our responders. Although it currently appears that it is not much of a priority due to the “more immediate” concerns like the pandemic response, now more than ever, we must still push for a better collective response to address climate change – not only measures to adapt to it but also including mitigation actions as well.

In a nutshell, RA 9729 institutionalized and recognized this transboundary issue in the country through mechanisms such as establishing a Climate Change Commission, crafting of a framework or strategy for the country’s climate change program, formulating a National and Local Climate Action Plans, and mainstreaming climate change in all levels of government by invoking the capacities of the different government agencies.

However, despite the above-measured mechanisms, there seems to be a gap between the national and local levels, specifically, in the capital region. The proposed idea of the amendment is to have a body which can intercede the cities and municipalities and work together to elicit better and more efficient results. By legalizing the centralization of climate change efforts, we can have a more targeted response to climate change which should be more effective and cost efficient. Currently, we are also focused on adaptation measures as a vulnerable country to the effects of anthropogenic climate change. Now more than ever, we should also look into the possibility of institutionalizing mitigation measures because it will not only benefit the environment but other aspects, such as health and economics, as well.

An Act to Standardize Wages of PUV Drivers

2022-07-21 07:41:20 UTC

It can be argued that Public Utility Vehicles (PUV) drivers are one of the most difficult and uncompensated jobs here in the Philippines. An example that is linked to the very culture of Filipinos is the jeepney. Stability in the salaries of PUV drivers is either driven by quotas imposed by their respective operators or the price of gasoline. The former, although fixed, is tied to the number of passengers the jeep carries for a day. The latter is unjust because any change in gas prices would necessitate LTFRB approval before the fare could be appropriately adjusted. Inevitably, this leaves the burden of costs that they are unable to adjust appropriately. Resulting in a domino effect for commuters. This Act hopes to standardize the wages of not only Jeepney drivers but PUVs alike. Allowing wage standardization for PUV drivers would relieve drivers of the burden of meeting passenger quotas and boundaries. The proposition of this Act would provide a fixed salary for PUV drivers, ensuring that they would be able to cover their operating costs. In addition, a compensation system will be in place if they are able to surpass their quotas for the day. This Act would also provide safety, motor vehicle, and health benefits. This is to properly compensate the public service for these group of people provide.

An Act Imposing a Moratorium on Open-pit Mining for Gold, Copper, Silver, and other Complex Ores

abarellano2 — 2022-07-21 09:08:02 UTC

Our nation is blessed with an abundance of resources. We are privileged to have access to vast seas and arable lands all year-long, but the current climate catastrophe poses an extreme challenge to our environment. Yet, we add to the problem by engaging in destructive and exploitative practices, which deplete our resources and endanger the lives of our countrymen. One prime example of this environmental atrocity is open-pit mining. Through this method of land exploitation, we risk communities from natural disasters, kill their economic opportunities, and expose them to further environmental and health threats.

Despite the ban imposed back in 2017, the government made a mistake by lifting the moratorium in 2021 to allegedly boost our economy. But we should never forsake any Filipino at the expense of supporting a destructive industry. Furthermore, indigenous communities are reported to be displaced, even though they consider these lands as their ancestral domains, to give way for open-pit mining.

More than ever, we should take every step to protect our environment and preserve our biodiversity. This act is our nation’s commitment to genuine environmental justice.

An Act declaring a national holiday all plebiscites, national elections, and other similar activities such as referendum or recall, and declaring national holidays only in specific areas where special elections, local elections, local plebiscites/recall are to be conducted.

2022-07-21 09:24:51 UTC

This is a very simple legislative measure to encourage active participation among the members of our electorate.

By turning national elections, plebiscites, recall, and local forms of such activities as holidays, this will give ample time for the members of our electorate to prepare themselves and genuinely participate.

They will no longer have tp worry about going to work after participating. Most Filipinos today view political exercises as a burden. That they would rather spend there time going to work and minding their own business because politics in the country have always been the same.

We have to change this mindset and make elections, recalls, and plebiscites as special activities that will warrant the genuine, critical, and active participation of all Filipinos for it to be legitimate.

An Act Promoting Positive and Non-Violent Discipline of Children

2022-07-21 10:45:48 UTC

In order to foster a a great society for future generations, changes must start in the smallest unit of society, and that is the family. Children often misbehave, and parents have the tendency to "punish" their children with a soft spank or heightened tone of voice to discipline them. This is especially normal here in the Philippines where it is accustomed and common to practice tiger parenting. However, studies show that this type of parenting and discipline is not the most ideal for a child's development.

With that said, I would like to propose an act to promote positive and non-violent discipline for children. This is more important than ever since the COVID-19 pandemic brought about so many babies, fueling a baby boom in the Philippines. These babies are set to create a bright future for the Philippines, if and only if they are raised well, with the backing of the government to promote positive discipline for them.

An Act Promoting Positive and Non-Violent Discipline of Children

2022-07-21 10:52:02 UTC

An Act Criminalizing Misinformation and Active Troll Operations

2022-07-21 14:53:31 UTC

At the age of information and disinformation, it is imperative for the government to protect its citizens from the harmful effects of misinformation and troll operations. Anything can be framed differently and the integrity of the nation must be protected.

An Act Mandating Government Agencies to Fully Disclose Financial Transactions, Budgets, and Documents of Public Interest

2022-07-22 02:51:20 UTC

Despite the number of anti-corruption laws and practices enacted by the government corruption is still a persistent threat in the country. This act would allow the public to access public documents from government agencies without the long and tedious process of request and approvals. Allowing this the public will be informed how the government funds are managed, disbursed and used, so that accountability is reflected in every transaction conducted. With the intent of the law is not only allowing the public to access information on transactions, but also allow the public to scrutinize it, so that funds will be maximized. In spite of having an Executive Order on the Freedom of Information (FOI) agencies under the purview of the this does not cover transactions made by the legislative since there is no law enacted.

Strict imposition of penalties on political dynasties

2022-07-22 23:45:54 UTC

Article II, Section 26 of the 1987 Constitution states that the State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law. However, political dynasties in the Philippines are ever-emerging; that which can be seen from the Presidential family and various members of the Congress. The framers of the Constitution included this provision in the laws of the land in order to provide a level-playing field in politics. However, despite the numerous attempts by previous lawmakers, there is still no enabling law that prohibits and sanctions its existence.

An act prohibiting the use of vape

2022-07-23 20:18:30 UTC

With the growing number of vape users in the country, and the lack of research and studies regarding the health hazards of the use of vape, as a legislator, I will make this law one of my priorities. Not only does it pose a toll on one's health but it also pollutes the environment.

Car sellers requiring buyers to provide proof of parking

2022-07-24 10:04:00 UTC

Our roads are small and congested enough by traffic. If I were a lawmaker, I would require buyers to present proof that they already have a parking space for their car. This would help clear up small streets and reduce conflict between neighbors.

An Act Amending the Party List System

2022-07-24 15:09:10 UTC

In theory, the Party List representation is a great idea where marginalized groups are well represented and have an important voice in the legislature. However, we see this abused time and time again by individuals who don't represent the best interest of these marginalized groups.

This act would provide clear guidelines and enforcement that the people being elected into the HoR are truly part of the groups they claim to represent.

An Act to Regulate Content Creation

2022-07-24 18:01:50 UTC

Social media is a platform for many to exercise their freedom of speech. People can freely express their views and opinions online and engage with others in a meaningful discussion. For others, social media has been a means for them to earn a living as online content creators. While some use this virtual space for creative pursuits, social media and online platforms have become dangerous as algorithms of these sites incentivize creators who go viral.

As such, the tendency of some creators is to create posts that will generate polarizing reactions in order to become viral and earn money from these sites. Numerous online content are created to provoke netizens and incite social regurgitation. This comes with many dangers. For instance, some "influencers" have replaced "journalists" in that they post biased news and information. This was very evident during the election season wherein influencers endorse candidates and proliferate fake news about them. In addition, some creators would post violent and graphic crimes that tend to generate and pass on trauma onto viewers. However, since these types of posts generate so much traction, such content become viral and the creators sharing them earn from it.

An Act that prevents or regulates the monopolization of the ride-hailing market in the Philippines.

2022-07-25 06:08:11 UTC

"To be sure, complaints about Grab's service, or lack thereof, are unavoidably a bit elitist, as not everyone can afford it. If, however, there was a network of other fast, reliable and convenient public transportation options available, no one would need to afford it. As things stand now, the government has found the worst possible way to create equality, by allowing transportation to become equally terrible for everyone.

The solution to all of this is going to take a long time, and the lack of attention given to the issue by [the new president] does not bode well for an improvement in the situation any time soon. That being the case, what we might hope will happen is that Grab and operators of taxis and other forms of road-bound transportation will catch on that there is a great deal of unserved demand and find ways to meet it. That would provide some short-term relief, but is far from being an actual solution; of all the various public transportation options available, low-volume motor vehicles are the least efficient and the least environmentally sustainable. Still, in the absence of better options, it's better than nothing.

As long as we're on the topic of vehicles, it may be worthwhile to pay a bit of attention to Republic Act 11697, the law intended to regulate and promote the development of electric vehicles (EVs) in the Philippines. The measure was signed (or allowed to lapse, depending on who ask) into law by President Duterte on April 15.

As is typical of the lazy fashion in which Congress creates most legislation, RA 11697 is short on details and long on "we'll figure this out later with a 'roadmap,' and 'implementing rules and regulations.'" One feature of the new law, however, is that it will set a quota for parking areas (reportedly those with 20 or more slots) to establish dedicated EV slots and charging stations.

The EVs are a problematic idea for many reasons; the two biggest being their reliance on exotic materials, which cannot be mined and processed in anything even remotely resembling an environmentally sustainable manner, and the fact that in most countries, the electricity needed to power them is still largely generated by fossil fuel. That is certainly the case in the Philippines, and will be for some years to come. But the EVs are still a step in the right direction for this country, given its complete reliance on imported fuel; anything that tends to reduce that economic vulnerability — as well as the greenhouse gas emissions that are directly generated by motor vehicles — is a good thing.

The aforementioned mandate in the new law to create an EV charging infrastructure does provide an answer for what has been one of the biggest handicaps of greater EV adoption in the Philippines, and so we might perhaps look at RA 11697 with some guarded optimism. If handled well by the new administration, it could provide significant benefits to the country."

ben.kritz@manilatimes.net

https://www.manilatimes.net/2022/05/01/opinion/columns/grab-contributing-mightily-to-metro-transport-crisis/1841909

An Act that would standardize wages for Interns

2022-07-25 13:34:13 UTC

Interns should not be exploited. They deserve wages just as regular employees do. Their skills, talent, and time are all being benefited by the company they work for. Hence, it is just right and just to compensate and standardize the wages of Interns.

An Act that Regulates Exaggerated Advertising

2022-07-25 17:25:48 UTC

Oftentimes, more consumers fall victim to exaggerated and false advertising especially with the rise of e-commerce in the Philippines. When advertisers make statements about their product that have no factual or reasonable basis, they are engaging in false advertising. On the other hand, exaggerated advertising involves puffery where advertisers use exaggerated adjectives or descriptions to sell their products. Although exaggerated advertising advertising practice is not prohibited especially in cases where the exaggeration is evident, it is difficult to regulate the overabundance of these kinds of advertisements in the e-commerce market. Furthermore, there are now set of laws or guidelines that completely cover exaggerated marketing (and how to delineate this) other than ones by the Philippine Marketing Association.

An Act Criminalizing the Creation of Troll Farms in the Philippines

2022-07-26 06:43:23 UTC

Troll farms have undoubtedly ushered in a new era of politics in the digital age. It is a whole new caliber that uses disinformation, fake news, and misinformation to strengthen campaigns, advance propaganda, and win elections. Ironically, the advent of the troll farms has become a political weapon—a social media and marketing tool used to boost the reputations of political leaders while besmirching those of others. With today's digital space becoming increasingly complex, this act seeks to criminalize the use of troll farms and the individuals behind such accounts in order to increase accountability and institutionalize the lesson that anonymity does not allow you to tarnish names and propagate false information online.

An Act Establishing the Parameters of Copyrights For Online Content Creation

louisdelacruz — 2022-07-26 17:29:09 UTC

The nature of online content creation in recent times primarily involve taking publicly shared content and interpolating within them one's own opinion, creative rehash, or reaction. Given that copyright claims have, in more than one occasion, brought down content shared by such online creators, where do we draw the line with regards to what is acceptable and what is subject to copyright infringement?

An act that would clearly establish the parameters of online content creation - in consideration of the monetary factors would greatly benefit the increasing number of online users who utilize public content as a method of their own expression.

An Act for the Extension of Validity of Person's with Disability (PWD) ID

2022-07-26 22:39:06 UTC

If you're unlucky, getting an ID can take half a day; but recently, government agencies are slowly taking measures to make the process less tedious for Filipinos by extending the validity of IDs. Currently, a PWD ID is valid for 3 years and I would like to propose an act that would extend the validity of a PWD to 10 years.

There are disabilities that people are inherently born with such as physical disabilities and intellectual disabilities. However, we can recognize that there are some disabilities that can be cured. For example, some types of visual impairment can be fixed through laser treatments.

For people with inherent disabilities, renewing their IDs seem counterintuitive as they would need to renew it until the end of their life. Getting an ID is already tedious for an able person, what more for people with disabilities?

This seems like a simple act, but a minor convenience could mean a lot to people with disabilities.

An Act Protecting E-Consumers from Online Scams

2022-07-27 06:35:19 UTC

It is without a doubt that the pandemic has accelerated the shift towards the digitalization of social and economic activities. The rise of e-commerce activity comes along with an increase in online scams, and with the anonymity inherent in the digital landscape, it is harder to track those who commit digital fraud. Although existing laws against digital fraud and cybercrime are in effect, the government should still look into setting specific measures to protect consumer rights in this new age.

This act would regulate the e-commerce environment by laying down stringent rules and guidelines that both sellers and buyers must abide by. To promote safe online transactions for both parties, penalties may be imposed on whoever violates the terms specified in this law.

An Act to Prioritize the Marginalized and Indigent People in the Philippines

2022-07-27 13:08:02 UTC

This Act aims to give more focus in building better homes, providing sustainable livelihood and proper education to all the marginalized and indigent people in the Philippines.

Aside from the projects that will be implemented to achieve the above goals, this act aims to not only give assistance, but also to raise awareness to all the Filipino citizens on what is the current situation of the people in poverty and on how everyone can contribute to their success and growth as a fellowmen.

Poverty is one of the main problems in the Philippines. Despite the economy growth and vast opportunities, people had easily forgotten their fellowmen who are under the struggling not only in terms of money but as well as in mental health. According to my previous immersion with the marginalized and indigent, it is noticeable that their view in life is fixated on the impossibility of achieving their dreams or even reaching the comfortable life in which they do not worry about what they eat.

Finally, the vision of this Act is to inspire and enlighten all the indigent people begging for money in the streets that there is hope and help in the Philippines.

An Act in Making Therapy as a requirement for students and Employees alike.

2022-07-31 08:36:23 UTC

With the event of the pandemic caused by the Covid virus, rising cases of mental health problems were evident in a global scale. It was highlighted how mental health plays an important role in every human life. With this said, students, and employees alike should have regular therapy sessions, to avoid unwanted suicide.

An Act Protecting Consumers From Bank Scams, including G-Cash and other modes of payment

2022-07-31 10:17:20 UTC

While technology continues to innovate, we cannot turn a blind eye on our reliance on them. G-cash and other modes of payment have been widely used in our society today. Therefore, it would be good to make a law protecting the public from scams in this system.

Calling for a Constitutional Convention for a Constitutional Revision to add The Right to Bear Arms in Article III of the Philippine Constitution

2022-08-01 08:52:53 UTC

To bear arms in the Philippines today is not a right, it is a privilege. Meaning it is conditional and not irrevocable. Making this a right, gives RA 10591 a basis for a Filipino to have a constitutional right to bear arms, while keeping conditions set out in RA 10591. Seemingly useless it at least now gives future gun owners and manufacturers incentive to read laws related to guns and not just the constitutional rights. As there are many talented shooters and makers here in the Philippines.

An Act Providing Free and Quality Healthcare to All Filipino Citizens

2022-08-05 05:51:26 UTC

Healthcare should not be limited to certain classes; it should be delivered to all citizens. This act aims to dispense quality healthcare to all Filipino citizens at no cost or low cost. This is to ensure that the Filipinos are given secured access to healthcare services meant to maintain their physical, mental, and overall well-being while residing in the Philippines.

Healthcare and education for all

2023-07-18 15:52:08 UTC

Healthcare must be prioritized not only by the legislative but by all branches of the government. Time and time again, people are denied the proper healthcare required to address a certain health issue and sickness. As a result, only certain cases, most of them are extreme cases, are given attention by health institutions in the Philippines. Don't individuals deserve a healthcare system that will address their issues early on? As to prevent these cases from escalating to an extent that only increases the overall expenses needed?

On the other hand, the education system in the Philippines is heavily skewed towards individuals who are in the upper middle class and those who have the proper resources to send their children to well venerated and respected school. This in turn will have an effect on the individuals knowledge, and eventually on the schools they want to enter in college. To ensure equal chances of entering the college institution that students want at the same address the inequality in education, education must be made free for all, and leniency must be observed in approving scholarships, especially when that individuals is heavily in need.

An Act to Further Promote Solar Energy Use in the Philippines

2023-07-19 06:26:11 UTC

The Philippines' current energy mix highly favors non-renewable energy sources such as coal, oil, and natural gas. While our country is endowed with rich reserves and the potential for renewable energy, it remains undeveloped.

Solar photovoltaic (PV) is known as method for generating electric power using solar cells to convert energy from the sun. PV technology has been developing rapidly in the past decade. In the Philippines, rooftop PV technology could be a valuable tool in improving energy supply reliability and achieving energy security.

Many local studies, such as Pernia (2015), Verzola (2015), and USAID (2014), have already recognized the benefits and potential of solar power technologies in the country. The country already has the Renewable Energy Act of 2008, which can support the development of solar energy development.

In light of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, I think it is now high time that the Philippines adopt efforts towards mass utilization of renewable energy sources, like solar PV technologies. Hence, I propose this policy measure.

Reference
Pernia, E.M. "Solar Power's Dawning and Promise" PCED Policy Notes {Ho. 2015-01) Retrieved from http://www.pced.gov.ph/wp-content/uploads/2015/07/PN-2015-01_final-digital.pdf

Verzola, R. Crossing Over: The Energy Transition to Renewable Electricity. Philippines: Friedrich Ebert-Stiftung, 2015.

USAID. ChallengesinPricingElectricPowerServicesinSelectedASEANCountries. Retrievedfrom http://www.catif.org/wp-content/uploads/2013/10/Challenges-in-Pricing-Electric-Power-Services.pdf

An Act Standardizing Public Roads, Infrastructure and Highway Construction

2023-07-19 08:13:09 UTC

Aside from the heavy traffic in CBDs & minor thoroughfares and ridiculously high gas prices, does the Filipino people need to endure driving daily along roads that are poorly designed and unsafe for vehicles? Filipino motorists and commuters are the ones suffering from the grave negligence and corruption of local officials by misallocation of budget and allowing substandard construction projects to proliferate.

This act once ratified, shall ensure that all roads in the Philippines, are safe and well-maintained with the Filipino motorist in mind. Driving and commuting should not feel like an obstacle course with potholes, uneven road surfaces, inadequate signages, construction work zones and whatnot. The standard and requirements must be consistent whether it is a rural road or a national highway. Yes it will cost money, time and resources, but the benefits far outweigh the costs.

There will be steep penalties and punishment for agencies and local government officials who don't adhere to the provisions of this Act.

An Act that Provides Safe Biking Lanes Across all of Metro Manila

2023-07-19 14:32:19 UTC

Transportation remains one of the pressing issues of the country today. Based on observation, majority of the laws passed by the Congress and the projects developed by the Executive Branch are heavily car-centric, making it difficult for urban poor to mobilize around the Metro Manila. A safe and accessible bike lane for everyone in the Metro is a need. It has been started in EDSA already and must spread across the whole NCR. People must also be encouraged to use bicycles and transportation system to avoid using cars which ultimately cause congestion.

AN ACT INTRODUCING ADDITIONAL REFORMS IN CAMPAIGN FINANCES AND ADVERTISEMENTS, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES

2023-07-19 15:32:26 UTC

Candidates spend millions of Pesos to finance their campaigns. Hence, it is important to have up-to-date, restrictive, and comprehensive legislation about regulating campaign finance and advertising. By regulating campaign fund-raising and spending, governments seek to avoid a situation whereby politicians use the power associated with their office to reward large contributors. Campaign finance regulation thus seeks to limit the undue influence of money in politics.

This bill proposes provisions that regulate campaign finances through the creation of the Campaign Finance Department under COMELEC, the implementation of the ‘Voting with Pesos’ policy, and promulgation of rules on the computation of campaign finances.

Most politicians are corrupt as they do not represent the masses that voted for them, but rather they choose to return numerous favors to the corporations that funded their election campaigns. The passage of this bill would give rise to more appropriate regulation of campaign financing and campaign advertisements in the electoral system as it strengthens the right of the nation to exercise their vote freely and make an informed decision based on the transparency of the candidates. Thus, it allows the candidates to showcase their utmost integrity for a fair election and accountability in accordance with the spirit of the law. This bill raises the intention of the law to level the political playing field.

An Act Revitalizing The Creative Industry Within The Philippines

2023-07-20 05:36:01 UTC

I think that there are a lot of creatives within the Philippines that are in need of money to be able to create. This act would follow other acts from other countries in where they have specific grants in order to grant artists, filmmakers, songwriters, actors/actresses etc. the ability to get funds in order to push through with a creative endeavor.

An Act Banning Sales on New Gas-Powered Cars

2023-07-20 10:13:53 UTC

Zero-emission vehicles are the future. All of the major car manufacturers have begun transitioning to more sustainable forms of fuel (electricity and hydrogen) as well as to phase out production and sale of their gas-powered cars.

The Philippines, without this bill, would be years behind the curve. Gas-powered cars, today, are cheap compared to their zero emission counterparts. In the future, one would be hard pressed to source mechanical parts. It is also important to remember that with more electric vehicles on the road - the cheaper acquisition and maintenance will be.

This is not mentioning the carcinogens and pollution we are exposed to on a daily basis thanks to emissions from gas-powered cars.

At the very least, this law gives some leeway to those struggling financially, in that used gas-powered cars can still be bought, sold, and used as normal.

An Act Legalizing Marijuana.

2023-07-21 11:45:11 UTC

Numerous studies have already proven the benefits of medical Marijuana. It has also been legalized in numerous US States and even in other countries. I think that it is time for our country to consider its legalization as well. Not only for its medical use, but also for its economic benefits. By legalizing such a drug, tax revenue of the country will surely rise considering that it can cure a lot of sicknesses.

An Act for Corporations to Build More Environmental Spaces

2023-07-21 15:27:02 UTC

This is inspired by Singapore's regulation for corporations to replace the greenery lost on land area on their building. This results in buildings having parks on their rooftops that are open for public use and even reducing costs for the companies because of better insulation. It is undeniable that our urban spaces, especially in Metro Manila, are being taken over by skyscrapers and roads or residential villages are being built over green spaces. This is detrimental to the environment, not to mention that the lack of greenery in the streets are a deterrent for pedestrians especially in our country's hot climate. When we have more plants in our spaces, the air becomes cooler and the streets are provided with more shade, making it easier for people to walk to places. With this law, I wish to hit two birds with one stone: reap ecological benefits and be a stepping stone for our streets to be more pedestrian-centric.

An Act that requires parking space before buying cars

2023-07-21 18:09:34 UTC

Requiring a parking space before buying a car can be beneficial in several ways. It can reduce traffic congestion, encourage alternative transportation methods, optimize urban space, and improve air quality by reducing emissions. However, it's essential to consider potential challenges, such as the impact on low-income individuals and the need for adequate parking infrastructure. For it to succeed, the policy should be part of a comprehensive transportation and urban planning strategy that prioritizes sustainability and accessibility for all citizens.

An Act making the Segregation of Trash Mandatory.

2023-07-22 08:45:34 UTC

Typically, it is not unusual to see all kinds of trash in one bin, even if there are already assigned bins for such trash. The Philippines’ waste management system can be improved by requiring every household, business, and any other establishment to segregate their trash. There can be different colored garbage bags pertaining to a specific type of waste – recyclable, biodegradable, non-recyclable, glass, and the like. People then have to segregate their trash accordingly. If not, a fine may be imposed and garbage collectors may refuse to collect the garbage. South Korea’s waste management can be gleaned upon. Doing so can help us take accountability for the trash we produce and better take care of the environment. Of course, segregating is only one part of improving our waste management system. The way trash is disposed of or handled after it is collected should also be sustainable and proper for the type of trash in order to prevent a double negative impact on the environment.

An Act Amending the Labor Code and Providing the Rights of Gig-Economy Workers

johngabrillo — 2023-07-22 10:11:13 UTC

The Labor Code is already clear in that employees are regular when their function is necessary and desirable in the usual trade or business of the employer. In the current view, food delivery riders and ride-hailing app drivers, for example, are treated as independent contractors. While there is some merit in that these drivers are independent contractors given various employment tests, these do not outweigh the fact that these workers are indispensable to the platforms they operate on and that the platforms exercise disproportionate power to penalize drivers and even "dismiss" them. There must be an amendment to the existing labor code acknowledging the new condition of labor under businesses within the gig economy. These workers are workers and deserving of protection by the state from powerful multinational corporations. The state should recognize a regular or perhaps a new form of employment relationship between the workers and these companies. Allowing workers to thrive within the gig economy, will foster competition within the sector and bolster growth elsewhere by providing greater security to these workers.

The Organ Donation Opt-Out Act" or "The Presumed Consent Organ Donation Act."

2023-07-22 10:20:19 UTC

The Philippines currently operates with an opt-in system. Under the current opt-in system, individuals who wish to be organ donors can express their consent by signing up on the Philippine Network for Organ Sharing (PhilNOS) registry or carrying a donor card. This leads to low organ donation rates , limited awarenes and understanding of people's ability to donate organs, stronger burden on families wiith sick individuals, and a more complex legal and consent procedures. An opt-in system would eliminate these problems and allow more heatlhy and accesible organs for Filipinos.

A law banning politicians from owning private cars

2023-07-22 11:17:26 UTC

I think it is important for politicians to actually have concrete and lived experience in the Philippine Transport System to enable them to have a clearer picture of what the problem really is so they can provide tangible solutions thereafter. This is especially important because finally, not only are they one with the masses and the Filipinos at large, they would also experience all the hassle and struggle of commuting and because they are finally experiencing it, the tendency is for them to prioritize or fund the transport system which would make the system auto-correct. While the trade-off may be their comfort and safety, I think that this should not be given more priority than that of the other citizens. If simple average Filipinos live like that on a day-to-day basis, then all the more should politicians who vowed to protect their constituents live the same.

An Act Promoting a Shift Towards Active Mobility

2023-07-22 16:17:30 UTC

During the community lockdowns at the height of the pandemic, the country faced massive transport restrictions. This led to the emergence of biking as a more popular way of getting around cities.

From pop-up bike lanes set up by advocates, the national government started appropriating funds for putting up semi-permanent to fully protected bike lanes in major thoroughfares.

An act promoting a shift towards active shall build on the Constitution's provisions on promoting the general welfare and the healthful ecology of the Filipino people. It shall promote a shift from car-centric streets to one that promotes different forms of active mobility and promotes the welfare of all commuters.

Declaring these as state policies would entail a) the setting up of mobility offices in local government units, b) integration of plans, activities, and projects for active mobility in local plans such as the local land use plans and Local Public Transport Plans, and c) programming funds for active mobility support infrastructure.

Through the institutionalization of government efforts, it can encourage a cultural shift that could bring a more sustainable future in our localities.

amdg + pisvm

An Act Requiring a Neuro-Psychiatric Clearance for Gun License Renewal

2023-07-22 17:15:26 UTC

Due to the rise of gun violence by uniformed personnel and even civilian gun owners, it is important to revisit the gun laws in our country. In the current laws, those who buy firearms are required to undergo psychological tests. To amend the current laws, this act shall require gun owners to undergo the said test every time their firearm license is for renewal. Without the clearance, the license of the firearm will not be renewed. Failure to renew firearms would result to the confiscation of such and the forfeiture of the license. With that, this act aims to lessen gun violence and have more responsible gun owners in the country.

An Act Establishing Wastewater to Potable Water Harvesting and Treatment Facilities in Metro Manila and other Urban Centers in the Philippines

2023-07-23 01:48:10 UTC

The issue of water supply in Metro Manila due to its large population, as well as in other urban centers as well as remote areas in the country face the common issue of low water supply, which becomes more important as the Philippine population continues to blow up in the face of oncoming predictions of droughts in the next few years. This issue has also led to the problematic issues of the establishment of dams such as the Kaliwa Dam that threatens to displace over 200 families and destroy a significant chunk of forest land and raises the issue of prioritizing urban over rural areas. This proposal therefore seeks to address this issue through the establishment and construction of water harvesting and treatment facilities for the express purpose of supplying potable drinking water to the Filipino people through recycling its wastewater, a step towards creating more sustainable sources of water for the Philippine population, particularly in urban areas. Exploration of more cheaper, smaller-scale alternatives can also be explored in order to cater to the needs of remote communities.

An Act to Establishing Minimum Requirements for The Construction of Facilities and Infrastructure

2023-07-23 02:21:15 UTC

Projects of the government include creating high quality, functional, and state of the art facilities for use of the public. However, classrooms, halls, and many more infrastructure are still of subpar and mediocre quality. The Filipinos deserve more especially since this is what is rightfully theirs.

Through establishing a law that standardizes and creates a minimum requirement for the construction and facilities it will also show how there is cohesiveness of all infrastructure put up in the country. To ensure that the construction of these facilities, do not go straight to the pockets of politicians without giving the Filipinos what they deserves.

An Act Upholding the Rights of Indigenous People to Participate and Self-Govern

2023-07-23 04:51:45 UTC

Assessing industrial development projects concerning indigenous people entails being able to distinguish whether or not these are founded on legal principles and the fundamental values upheld by the country. As the case of the Kaliwa Dam project assuredly exhibits, the significance of reinforcing indigenous peoples’ rights to participate, decide, determine, and govern the ways through which they go about their lives. In the pursuit of achieving the objectives of urban development initiatives, it is imperative to evaluate not only how the technicalities of a project is upheld and implement, but also how the concerned beneficiaries and the domains of their lives are and will be impacted. Amartya Sen’s Capability and Development as Freedom provides a distinct perspective on human agency and civil and political liberties as allies of substantive freedoms. The capabilities of humans to be provided different options and alternatives for the areas of life they value are determinants of their capabilities and measurements of freedom. Considering all these, some elements of this Act can be: 1) rigid mandates from the local government units demonstrating strict compliance of project proponents with the requirements to commence operations and constructions in the project locales, and 2) establishment of concrete frameworks for indigenous and environmental governance to coherently address indigenous issues. The path towards growth and development manifests through the careful and consistent application of the laws and a lawful compliance of the directives that guarantee and assert the rights of indigenous peoples.

An Act Regulating AI and Protecting the works and jobs of Filipino writers, artists, and more.

2023-07-23 09:22:26 UTC

Last year, we have seen the expansion of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in writing and creation of arts. AI can be a useful tool for education purposes. However, without proper regulation, AI poses a risk for writers and artists whose works may be stolen by AI and used by companies without pay or attribution to said Filipino writers and artists. Moreover, AI also threatens the livelihood of many Filipinos in the industry. As such, there is a need to regulate it and protect the workers and their livelihood.

Divorce in the PH

2023-07-23 11:28:49 UTC

Coming from a predominantly Catholic country that places incomparable premium on the sanctity of marriage, this proposal is often a hard pill to swallow and often avoided. However, when asked the question of what law I would propose to enact should I be in the capacity to do so, this is one of the foremost proposals I shall continuously forward. It is crucial to remember that divorce is a complicated topic, and different nations' execution of it is influenced by different cultural norms and perspectives, such is the case in the Philippines evidently. Some claim that counseling or other alternatives to divorce, including but not limited to legal separation, should be tried first. Divorce laws and social norms vary from nation to nation, reflecting the particular social, cultural, and religious values of each community. Divorce was not officially recognized in the Philippines as of my most recent update in September 2021, and the question is still up for debate and continuously a sensitive topic for most.

Increase Accessibility to Menstrual Hygiene Products

2023-07-23 13:48:52 UTC

Menstrual products are necessary for anyone who menstruates. Hence, I believe that having access to such is a basic human right.

The reality is that disposable pads, menstrual cups, and tampons are not accessible and affordable to all. The cost of these items bar some individuals from purchasing them. The less fortunate may even resort to use old clothing or rags, which can be a sanitary and health concern.

With this, I believe that women should never have difficulties in accessing and affording menstrual products. They should be adequate and free (wherever possible, such as in schools, malls, or the workplace). These products should also not be subject to VAT.

The Proverbial Football

2023-07-23 19:22:13 UTC

The analogy of the law being a proverbial football that passes from one player to another, leaving only the one holding it responsible for reaching the goal, is quite apt in some contexts. In the legal system, responsibility is often distributed among various actors, including legislators, law enforcement, judges, and individuals. Each plays a role in interpreting, enforcing, and abiding by the law. However, when it comes to achieving justice or resolving complex legal issues, the ultimate burden often falls on the individual directly involved in a case or holding the proverbial football at a specific moment.

Legislators create laws to establish a framework for society, but it is the law enforcement agencies that enforce those laws. The responsibility for upholding justice and ensuring that laws are applied fairly and accurately lies with them. Similarly, judges interpret and apply the law, making crucial decisions that can impact individuals' lives. The responsibility for ensuring a just outcome rests on their shoulders. And, of course, the individuals involved in a legal matter, such as defendants or plaintiffs, bear the responsibility for presenting their case effectively and adhering to the law.

In this scenario, the law itself remains constant, but responsibility shifts among various players in the legal system. Each participant must act ethically and diligently to ensure that justice is served. It emphasizes the importance of upholding the rule of law and maintaining a just and fair society where everyone is accountable for their actions, ensuring that the football reaches the goal of justice and equity for all.

An Act To Expand Philippine History In Basic Education

2023-07-23 23:48:01 UTC

There has always been an incredible focus of our effort in studying Philippine history on the trials and tribulations of the region of South Luzon (the Philippine Revolution that ended in American Occupation, etc.). While this is not to say that the events that had transpired in these places aren't important - certainly, they are - there is a complete lack of coverage for almost the rest of the country, which in my elementary high school experience has been relegated to a handful of paragraphs with a handful of exceptions.

The history of the rest of the country - the history of the majority of the country - should not be made the footnote of a footnote. Entire peoples and ethnolinguistic groups - both indigenous and otherwise - are learning about their heritage and the history of their hometowns and islands only by the word of mouth of an unfortunately dying generation of older Filipinos. When they eventually disappear, future generations from Bacolod will never learn in elementary or high school about the Negros Republic, a nation born of Philippine Independence - separate from the Republic of the Philippines - whose capital was the very city they reside in, as an example.

The inability or perhaps unwillingness of the national institutions to lead the education of Visayans, Ilocanos, Bicolanos, and Mindanaoans about their local histories, but rather drill into them the history of only a specific part of the country, seems to imply an inherent unfairness to the way PHILIPPINE history is taught to ALL Filipinos - and by extension, an unfairness in how Filipino culture is preserved. It is in the spirit of our democratic and secular nation then that history education be made more comprehensive for the sake of all, so that the pasts of all Filipino peoples will not be lost to them.

Require All Car Purchasers to Present Proof of Ownership of an Available Parking Space

2023-07-24 00:59:55 UTC

The Philippines is infamously known for being dense with automobiles. However, traffic is not the only reason. The streets and public sidewalks in the Philippines, especially in the province of Metro Manila, are obstructed with parked vehicles. These vehicles impede traffic and obstruct the narrow streets of the country. There would be a significant change of this reality if car purchasers were required to present proof of ownership of an available parking slot before having their new cars turned over to them.

Personal vehicles for transportation have become a necessity in the country due to the lack of mass transportation. Vehicle retailers' solution to this issue is to offer varying payment methods, thereby giving most individuals the capacity to purchase a vehicle. These retailers have made it easy for the public to buy vehicles. However, the surge in vehicle ownership is not consistent with the number of available parking slots. Filipinos tend to purchase vehicles and overlook the absence of ownership of available parking spaces. As a result, some people tend to claim sidewalks as their garages.

This reality is problematic because it causes traffic, obstruction, and the ownership of public property. Requiring proof of ownership of an available parking slot may hurt the automobile industry’s revenue. However, it will enable individuals to be more responsible with their vehicle purchases and where they park them.

Prohibition of Political Dynasties

2023-07-24 02:18:16 UTC

As stated in Article 2 Section 2 of the Philippine Constitution: "The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law." Political dynasties have plagued the Philippine political landscape for decades. Studies have cited the formation of political dynasties during colonial stages of the Philippines; and others had cited its detrimental effect on economic and political sectors. As their presence is not the main issue before us, it is the deprivation of equal access to public service that must be addressed. As stated in Article 2 Section 2 of the Philippine Constitution: "The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law." Since political dynasties use their political machinery, network, and clout, haggle sectors of public service, and since political dynasties represent the State and its people one way or another, the administrative, legal, or executive representation of government have deprived its own people of opportunity to serve the public.

An Act Allowing Transgender Individuals to Change their names on the Grounds of Sexual Reassignment.

2023-07-24 03:30:59 UTC

The legal system does not recognize transgender individuals. This is not only codified in the Civil Code but as well as the Clerical Error Law that does not allow changing of names on the grounds of sex reassignment and/or chosen gender identity.

An Act Standardizing and Improving the Public Transport System

2023-07-24 09:51:04 UTC

It is common knowledge that the public transportation system is currently inefficient. This can be observed from the long lines we see daily. Likewise, commuters generally complain about traffic as well as the general condition of the public transport. Thus, there is a need for a more efficient and improved public transport system that can serve and benefit millions of Filipinos. First, establishment of a better urban transportation plans. This can include improved routes, roads that do not mainly favor private vehicles, and even improvement of jeepney/bus/train system. This is not to phase out old jeepneys but to discover and understand how the government can work with drivers and commuters for a better commute experience. Second, there can be a standardization of payment system. Similar to the Octopus Card in HongKong, I think it is efficient if we develop the same method for a more organized system. The same card can also be another payment option for convenience stores, etc.

An Act Reforming The Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax, Amending For Its Purpose Article 150-B Of The National Internal Revenue Code, As Amended

2023-07-24 13:16:02 UTC

Addressing an issue as pervasive as public health cannot be achieved with a single legislative act. Improvement in this area is achieved in small steps, such as reducing the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages - and consequently, sugar-related health problems.

Fiscal measures, as inspired by the work of four of my classmates from my undergraduate degree, may be successful in this regard. In their award-winning thesis, they proposed two alternative tax designs that are more effective in achieving the health objectives of sweetened-beverage taxation than the current one.

With the prevalence of such beverages - iced coffees, sodas, milk teas, and everything in between - among the youth today, tax reform geared towards discouraging their consumption further may have a small but nevertheless significant impact on improving the health of Filipinos in the long run.

An to promote and foster Safe Spaces for people with Mental Health disorders

2023-07-24 13:53:59 UTC

The Philippines is still on its way to becoming a safe space for individuals with psychological disorders mainly because the stigma against mental health still runs rampant within our society. One way to change and shape our country's culture to be more receptive of the importance of mental health is thru protecting those who are oppressed with the law. By prohibiting acts of discrimination towards individuals with mental health disorders, people will start to tolerate and then later on understand the condition that they're currently undergoing. The passing and enacting of this law can also empower advocacy groups to continue spreading the love and education for all. The struggle against destigmatizing mental health has come a long way from when it first started but we are able to see its effects from schools, organizations, companies, and hopefully the rest of the country soon.

An Act Mandating the Standardization of Human Rights Education in the Country

2023-07-25 15:45:28 UTC

Despite the requirement of human rights education within the constitution and with order presidential decrees signifying it being taught in schools, uniformity of its education across institutions is an issue that must be addressed. Human rights education is especially important given the recent case of EJKs and other violations that were particularly prominent in the previous Duterte administration, which have now been "normalized" and no longer appear to be a concern for the people and the youth. While other institutions, particularly those with liberal arts programs, may be extensively discussing human rights and other related issues, other schools may not be giving that much of an emphasis. As such, establishing uniformity of human rights education across the country will help in teaching the youth the importance of their own human rights as well as that of those around them.

An Act Promoting Non-Violent Forms of Discipline for Children

2023-07-25 16:20:10 UTC

It's been a norm for most children, at least from my experience, to have been disciplined since childhood through physical means. Some of the more common ones are done through spanking on any part of their body.

However, violence in this act would not only refer to physical violence, but also mental ones. There have been instances where verbal assault/s may be done in order to drive in the point of wrongdoing. In some of the rarer cases, children may be placed in locations which may prove dangerous or traumatizing for them (e.g. on top of a cabinet, locked in a closet, etc.). These forms of punishment may not technically leave physical marks, but would leave the same lasting impact all the same.

This act strives to protect children from any short term or lasting impact that harmful, be it physically or mentally, forms of discipline may impart.

Throughout the years, it has been proven time and time again that violence may lead to short term results, but in the end just breeds more negativity whereas positive reinforcement yield better and long-term results.

As the future of our country, it is our job to ensure that the children are able to grow and learn in an environment that is suitable for their early formation.

An Act to Adopt the United Nations Human Rights Commission Resolution Dated 30 June 2016 (SOGIESC Rights)

2023-07-26 04:50:22 UTC

The above resolution was issued by the UNHRC to stress the universality of SOGIESC rights. It might be said that this is a nascent attempt by the UNHRC to enshrine SOGIESC rights as generally accepted principles of international law. Notably, the Philippine delegation, in response to this resolution, filed an abstention.

Granted that locally, our Congress has been ambivalent towards SOGIESC legislation, an act that adopts the above mentioned resolution may serve as greater impetus for the legislature to enact laws that conform with internationally accepted standards governing rights of gender minorities especially those who belong to the LGBTQ+ community.

Concededly, prospects for an act such as this are dim in view of the huge reluctance of Congress to act on bills already pending in the Chambers such as the Anti-Discrimination Bill. The suggested act, however, could be an alternative approach to pushing for greater action on SOGIESC legislation.

An Act Protecting Women and Other Victims from Online-based Sexual Assault and Harassment

2023-07-26 04:52:13 UTC

In today's digital age, the internet and the use of other ICTs has provided new avenues for sexual harassment and assault. This includes the act of taking lewd pictures of women without their knowledge, or sending their nude pictures without their consent.

Given that current laws may be construed to not include these acts as criminal cases, it is important for the law to manifest its dynamism through new legislation that will protect women (and victims of other genders) from being victims of such acts.

This hypothetical bill I am talking about will penalize those found guilty of taking lewd pictures of people without their consent (ex. pictures taken from under a woman's skirt), posting or sharing nude pictures of a person without their consent, and other acts of a similar nature.

An Act Revising and Improving the Standards for Public Bidding on Government Contracts with More Mechanisms for Transparency and Accountability

2023-07-26 05:13:05 UTC

Comprehensive Climate Change Act

2023-07-26 07:55:33 UTC

As a member of Congress, I would put forth a comprehensive climate change mitigation and adaptation bill that addresses urgent environmental issues head-on and holistically. The goal of this Act is to combat the negative consequences of climate change by placing a priority on sustainable behaviors and policies. The rule would start by establishing challenging goals for cutting greenhouse gas emissions, supporting a switch to renewable energy sources, and boosting energy efficiency initiatives across diverse industries. By doing this, we can significantly aid efforts to combat climate change worldwide and work toward a greener, more sustainable future.

The proposed law would strongly emphasize adaptation measures in addition to mitigation methods to assist communities in coping with the effects of climate change. The Act would also prioritize helping vulnerable groups disproportionately impacted by climate change, ensuring they have access to the tools, resources, and information they need to adapt to changing climatic circumstances and thrive. Congress can play a crucial role in protecting the environment, promoting sustainable development, and guaranteeing residents a resilient and bright future by passing such a comprehensive climate change law.

An Act to Disqualify A Candidate with a Criminal Record Running for Political Candidacy

2023-07-26 11:37:13 UTC

There are more than a few seated government officials who have criminal record/s under their name. Their criminal records deeply reflect their conduct, character, and the outcome of their governance. As political leaders of the Philippines, they should be set at a high standard of a rightful leader under a criterion of excellency with commendable upright principles. Political leaders greatly and undoubtedly influence the development of the country, and most importantly, the living conditions of the people, as this comes with the power of a governmental seat. With this enactment, it could potentially increase the probability of competent and appropriate political candidates being seated as government officials and may lead to better governance for the overall benefit of the country.

An Act to Strengthen Indigenous People Right Act (IPRA)

2023-07-26 12:34:30 UTC

This Act will strengthen the existing IPRA and will further provide for the details in the proper and strict implementation of IPRA. This will ensure that the public, especially the government and its agencies will recognize and respect the rights of the Indigenous People (IP) and Indigenous Cultural Communites (ICC).

It will provide exemptions under certain laws that considers the peculiar situation of IP and ICC such as, but not limited to the following:
1. Fees and taxes to paid in participation to Businesses;
2. Fees and taxes to paid in relation to Education; and
3. Fees and taxes to paid in Land and Property.

As such, this Act would also uphold human rights of IP every island of the Philippines.

An Act to Improve the Philippine Nursing Act of 2002

whaeburrgo2 — 2023-07-27 02:43:55 UTC

This act is to improve the lives of the Filipino nurses who work long hours each day. This aims to not only increase their salary but limit the number of hours they work in a day or in a week. Although this has been recently been amended in 2019, nurses still work very long hours today. Thus, with the enactment of this law, this would give Filipino nurses better health and overall give the best case they can to their patients.

An Act to Integrate the Value-for-Money Bidding System in Government Procurement Process

2023-07-27 03:09:33 UTC

My undergraduate thesis zeroed in on the inimical effects of the lowest-calculated bidding system in the Philippines. The lowest calculated bid system (LCRB) has put forth a myriad of long-standing issues of unbridled mismanagement of public funds, discrepancies, and collusion amongst public officials and their patrons. Likewise, the bidding system has been notorious for its myopic lens, bringing in low-quality equipment and infrastructure projects. The cheapest bid does not always guarantee quality. Thus, this act shall integrate a Value-for-Money bidding system—as utilized in PPPs—to ensure that funds are used for quality and long-term public works. The Value-for-Money system, unlike the LCRB, takes a look at the life-cycle costs of a project and creates technical specifications vis-a-vis the objectives the project wishes to pursue. Countries that utilize the Value-for-Money system also require the hiring of probity auditors to eschew the susceptibility of corruption. Likewise, it takes into account non-cost factors such as social impact and sustainability, which the LCRB fails to consider. Withal, this Act would ensure that the taxes of the Filipino people are utilized faithfully, putting bona fide nation-building in the forefront of government activities.

An Act to Strengthen R.A. No. 11036 - "The Mental Health Act"

2023-07-27 03:32:44 UTC

According to the Department of Education, in the academic year of 2021-2022, there was around 40 suicides and 214 attempts per month over 10 months. Overall, student suicide rates have been steadily increasing in the country. Although the Mental Health Act was promulgated as law in 2018, there seems to be a lack of its enforcement, as evidence through these statistics. Although the sentiment behind R.A. No. 11036 is encouraging, without a concrete plan to make sure that it is being applied, it is effectively useless.

Another act needs to be promulgated that strengthens this existing one and practically address the increase in student suicide rates. On part of the DOH and DepEd there seems to be no concrete plan to increase access in schools to important mental health services. This needs to be rectified in order for the act to actually result in its desired effects.

General Appropriations Act (Certain Provisions)

2023-07-27 03:37:04 UTC

I wish to advocate for the development of the Education Sector by sponsoring the budget of the Department of Education. I will make sure that the Congressional Appropriations for Education will include funds for the building of more schools especially in far-flung areas, capacity building for teachers, and for the scholarships and subsidies for students.

An Act to making Sexual Education mandatory in all Public and Private schools

2023-07-27 03:55:26 UTC

Teenage Pregnancy has become not only a health and education problem but also an economic development issue. According to experts from the World Health Organization (WHO) and the United Nations (UN), teenage pregnancy poses serious threats to Philippine economic growth, particularly on its labor force. Enacting a law such as this would equip the youth with knowledge, skills, and values to make informed decisions about relationships and sexuality.

An Act Revitalizing Urban Planning in the Philippines

2023-07-27 04:12:23 UTC

Addressing the issue of crowded cities with lacking urban planning measure, housing and mass public transportation that aims to help lower income people achieve housing security.

An Act Expanding the Reproductive Health Law

2023-07-27 04:42:28 UTC

The current RH Law promises free contraception, family planning, and access to other reproductive health services. However, the stigma surrounding these topics make it hard for the majority to access these free services. Its reach is also very limited due to the small budget allotted for the program, rendering it largely ineffective in preventing unsafe sex and unwanted/teenage pregnancy.

An Act Prohibiting Spouses From Running in the Highest Local Consecutive Positions

2023-07-27 05:37:15 UTC

Dozens of legislative bills on dynastic prohibition have been filed to Congress since its ratification in the 1987 Constitution. But, while the enactment of at least one of these bills could already help revolutionize the undemocratic features of our government and minimize corruption in the country, not a single one was passed into law. This comes as no surprise because the legislature is filled with dynastic politicians. Consequently, reforms that either threaten or are inconsistent with the dynasties’ interests, such as anti-political dynasty bills, tend to be ignored, if not dismissed.

Nevertheless, during the administration of former President Aquino, III, Republic Act No. 10742 or the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK) Reform Act, which carries a landmark provision prohibiting dynastic political families by disallowing SK candidates within the “second civil degree of consanguinity or affinity to any incumbent elected national official” was signed into law. This progressive policy that instills the principle of good governance among the youth can be considered a living testament that the passage of an anti-political dynasty law is attainable in the foreseeable future. As such, if I were the elected Representative of our district in the House of Representatives, I would first consider the conditions that made the SK Reform Act possible prior to formulating an anti-political dynasty bill.

Upon observing the sections of anti-political dynasty bills filed in Congress, all of them propose this immediate overturn of the country’s political system by banning any elective candidate up to the second degree of consanguinity and affinity to any incumbent elected national or local official. Given that almost all elective positions in the Philippines are occupied by a dynastic political family, I would start first in the subnational government by including a provision on dynastic prohibition in the qualifications of elective officials in the 1991 Local Government Code of the Philippines before I work my way up to the national government. Specifically, a subsection that would prohibit any elective candidate within the first degree of affinity (spouses) to any incumbent elected provincial, city, and municipal official from running in the highest local consecutive positions, in particular, positions for governor and vice-governor, and mayor and vice-mayor, in the locality where s/he seeks to be elected.

By reinforcing political competition through the enactment of an anti-dynasty law, each and every Filipino will now have a better chance of getting represented and elected in office, which, in turn, consolidate democracy and promote inclusiveness. To achieve this, we first need to consider the existing conditions of our Congress. Since the country’s legislature is composed of dynastic political families that will likely dismiss any reform that jeopardizes their stay in power, the best anti-dynasty bill, in this sense, is the one that takes baby steps.

An Act to Increase the Minimum Wage

2023-07-27 05:43:51 UTC

Coming from an HR background, I have come to see that the minimum wage that is currently in application is too low to meet the demands of everyday workers. With the rise of inflation in the country, many Filipinos struggle to meet even the most basic needs. Not to mention that many Filipinos are pushed to the brink by overwork and still not have enough to sustain their families. I have come to learn that minimum wage should not be based solely on being able to meet basic needs. I have come to believe that the wage workers get should also allow them gain better well-being such as for amusement and leisure. Filipinos at the moment work to survive not to live.

An act allowing Same Sex Marriage

2023-07-27 06:08:19 UTC

The Constitution provides for the equal protection clause. But such is not present under the Family Code of the Philippines where it provides that marriage is only between a man and a woman. Except for a discriminatory point of view, there is no sufficient justification why people of the same sex should not be allowed to marry. As such, I would like seek for the legality of same sex marriage in the Philippines. In this way, members of the LGBTQIA+ will be able to have their marriage rights protected under the law.

An Act Further Amending and Expanding the Electronic Commerce Act of 2000

2023-07-27 06:11:28 UTC

The signs of the times come with drastic changes in technology, and it has shaped the world, particularly our nation, differently. With this, changes in technology come with new technological devices and terminologies. Therefore, it would be appropriate if the Electronic Commerce Act of 2000 would be amended to presently adhere to its objectives, to apply new terminologies applicable, and to envelop the signs of the times.

An Act Legalizing Divorce in the Philippines

2023-07-27 06:24:35 UTC

It's been said that the law must adapt to the changes in modern society. While we do have provisions in our current laws that allows legal separation or nullification of marriages based on certain grounds, these said grounds are neither flexible nor uphold the innate dignity afforded to us as individuals. Human nature is ever changing and incredibly complex. What might seem like an "okay" marriage might not be okay behind closed doors after all. Many marriages fail due to infidelity, financial struggles, unrealistic expectations, lack of equality, among many other reasons, but an exhaustive list cannot hope to encompass all the reasons why marriages simply can't and don't work out. By keeping people trapped in matrimonies that no longer serve the parties' best interests, not only do we deny them the right to their own happiness and personal development, we leave them to suffer in mentally, emotionally, and physically taxing relationships. For the protection of both parties, I believe it's in our best interest to allow the absolute dissolution of marriages in the Philippines. To assume otherwise would mean we have failed to take into account the intricacies of human nature and the society we live in.

An Act Repealing Article 202 of the Revised Penal Code; Allowing Freelance Prostitution

2023-07-27 06:43:32 UTC

Prostitution – or acts relating to sexual services in exchange for monetary benefits or profit – is still a thriving industry in the country. Despite the state penalizing the same, prostitution continues to expand, especially with additional platforms such as the internet. However, questions of morality and dignity remain highly debated as society often viewed sex work as a degrading immoral act and a form of oppression. According to people against sex work such as The Gabriela Women’s Party, the legalization of prostitution almost equates to glorifying the exploitation and gender-based violence that women in prostitution experience. He also added that sex work is not considered a real labor or profession as it allows the dignity of a woman to be compromised. Many women's advocate groups remain stern in their position on being anti-prostitution.

However, on the other side of the argument, there are prostitutes who argue that it is only society that labels them immoral and looks upon them as an example of “bad women”. Not including those who are forced into labor and the victims of human trafficking, prostitution actually allows for an exploration of one’s sexuality and identity. In an interview conducted by Acosta, a prostitute stated that working in the industry is nothing special. Adding that it does not empower her but it baffles her how people are so bothered by it. She even went as far as comparing it with cooking in the kitchen, emphasizing that the danger is not in the profession itself, but in the stigma, and it being penalized– which makes them vulnerable to abusers. It is also questionable how there is a lack of sex workers' representation whenever there are discussions about anti-prostitution. This impacts the already biased opinion on prostitution even more.

While there are contrasting opinions about prostitution, it remains a fact that prostitutes are heavily discriminated against in society, even by those who rescue victims. Even more so by the religious communities, such as the Catholic and Christian communities, where the stigma is highly evident. Now the question remains on how the government and the law can take measures to protect women in this line of work given that they are penalized. It is also important to emphasize that in a ruling of Justice Marvic M.V.F Leonen, “The illicitness of a relationship a woman engages in does not diminish her dignity in any way” and therefore shall be ensured of their protection as humans.

There are many diverse views and opinions about prostitution. However, ultimately, what matters is how the law perceives such. Prostitution is claimed to enable violence against women and increase trafficking, sexual abuse, and exploitation. Many argue that it diminishes a woman’s value and dignity. Therefore, it is prohibited and criminalized. The question stands as to whether there is a redundancy in making laws, seeing that such concerns are already addressed. The Republic Act 9710, or the Magna Carta of Women, was enacted to eradicate discrimination and promote their rights. Meanwhile, Republic Act 9262, or Violence Against Women and their Children Act, seeks to protect women from violence and abuse. Lastly, Republic Act 9208, or the Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act, and Republic Act No. 10364, or the Expanded Anti-Trafficking in Persons Act of 2012, address all related concerns to trafficking. Yet, the country still enacted a law dealing with prostitution, claiming concerns already dealt with by specific laws. While the intentions of Article 202 of the Revised Penal Code may be well-meaning, it begs the question of whether the law was enacted out of necessity or does it view these women as undeserving of morality and dignity and therefore are denied equal protection.

Absolute Divorce Law

2023-07-27 06:59:45 UTC

Upon reading former Justice Flerida Ruth P. Romero’s concurring opinion in the Santos v. Court of Appeals case (G.R. No. 112019), I became acquainted with the fact that the Family Law Committee had initially thought of including a chapter on absolute divorce in the draft of a new Family Code (Book I of the Civil Code). However, the Committee decided not to push through with this particular endeavor because they knew that such a provision would be met with massive criticism and opposition from the Catholic Church as well as other Catholic sectors in our citizenry. Instead, the Committee opted for an action for judicial declaration of invalidity of marriage that is grounded in the Canon Law. Such provision is present under the Civil Code, to wit: “Those marriages contracted by any party who, at the time of the celebration, was wanting in the sufficient use of reason or judgment to understand the essential nature of marriage or was psychologically or mentally incapacitated to discharge the essential marital obligations, even if such lack of incapacity is made manifest after the celebration.”

Yet, while the existence of the said provision has helped nullify a myriad of dysfunctional marriages on the grounds of mental or psychological incapacity, I still maintain that it is not sufficient enough. For instance, in the Santos v. Court of Appeals and Ochosa v. Alano’s cases, the restrictive interpretation of Article 36 of the Family Code denied these spouses the opportunity to start anew and, perhaps, find love and affection with someone else. Indeed, they are compelled to remain in and/or deal with that unfortunate situation until, as the vow goes, death does them apart. Therefore, if I were a member of Congress, a law that I would propose to enact is the Absolute Divorce Law.

Anti-Gadget Dependency for Children Act

2023-07-27 07:03:56 UTC

In this digital age, it has been the norm for parents to leave their children alone with gadgets. Even as young as 1 year old, toddlers are left alone with their gadget for several hours a day. Some researchers and experts have warned against this practice as it would affect the psychosocial growth of children. Likewise, with little to no supervision, they may be subjected to unhealthy digital behavior.

In this law, it would require parents to only allow at least 30 minutes of screen time per day. Parental control in gadgets shall be made mandatory. Gadgets for sale in the country shall likewise be required to have parental control apps in the devices. This law shall also take into account seminars and instructions for parents to follow this law.

An Act Amending Articles 96, 124, 211, and 225 of the Family Code

2023-07-27 07:11:10 UTC

The Family Code was created more than three decades ago. Undeniably, it still has traces of the two former versions of the Civil Code.

Articles 96, 124, 211, and 225 of the Family Code includes the sentence: "In case of disagreements, the decision of the father shall prevail."

At present, the Philippines is known to be one of the countries which advances gender equality through its legislations. However, this usually concerns the gender pay gap and other economic issues surrounding gender.

The Family Code, especially the provisions which I seek to amend, are outdated and contradict the principles of gender equality which is enshrined in the Constitution under Section 14, Article II which states:

"SECTION 14. The State recognizes the role of women in nation-building, and shall ensure the fundamental equality before the law of women and men."

By assigning men, or the fathers, as the default decision-maker in cases of disagreement, it supports the flawed notion that men are superior over women in marriages.

I hope to amend these provisions by allowing the spouses, prior to marriage, to give their informed consent and select who shall be treated as the default decision-maker. This process can be incorporated in the application for marriage license where a simple checkbox will be included in the form. Furthermore, to strengthen knowledge and awareness regarding this provision, I hope to require the rights and duties incorporated under these provisions to be included in pre-marriage counseling.

This way, spouses in the Philippines are given the opportunity to decide, instead of the law imposing who shall be the decision-maker which was essentially stipulated to avoid status quo concerning property administration and parental authority.

Registering Sex Offenders Act

2023-07-27 07:41:18 UTC

The Philippines is notorious for its R-Word culture. Even our previous president, Rodrigo Duterte, has been notorious in enabling such culture. It should also been noted that despite the Safe Spaces Act, sexual gender-based violence is still a recurring issue. This is especially seen in the education setting. There have been numerous uproars on Social Media about their teachers being perpetrators. Even if the schools "dismiss" these perpetrators (or they honestly just resign haha) they just end up teaching in other schools. Having a registered system can really make sure that these people are held accountable so that people will no longer fall victim to their notorious acts.

An Act Formalizing A Curriculum For the Indigenous Peoples

2023-07-27 07:45:31 UTC

At present, the Lumad schools are expected to follow the basic education curriculum created by the Department of Education. That if not complied with, will subject them to punishment. At this juncture, it is important to note that the Lumads follow a curriculum that benefits them and their community; one that teaches children how to fish, farm, and hunt, on top of general subjects such as language, math and science. Should the government continue to red tag volunteer Lumad teachers for their failure to follow the basic education curriculum, they might as well conduct a study on Lumad education and thereafter, create a curriculum tailored to the needs of the community.

An Act Legalizing Medical Marijuana

2023-07-27 07:56:36 UTC

It is time to legalize Marijuana in the Philippines despite the endless debate regarding its propriety. Numerous Filipinos continue to believe that Marijuana should be legalized, given its nature and the numerous benefits it could provide. Substance addiction remains one of the most pressing issues in the Philippines. About 1.8% of our population, or 1.8 million Filipinos, use illicit drugs (Dangerous et al., 2016). Marijuana is the second most commonly abused illegal substance in the Philippines, according to Drug Abuse statistics. However, its use and addiction are considerably lower than Methamphetamine hydrochloride or Shabu. The Philippine Substance Enforcement Agency (PDEA) reported in February 2015 that Methamphetamine hydrochloride, or Shabu, is the country's most commonly used illegal substance, followed by Cannabis or Marijuana. Shabu accounted for 89% of PDA drug seizures in 2014, while only 8.9% involved marijuana (Belino, 2016).

In contrast, 96.74 percent of all admissions to drug rehab centers depend on Shabu, followed by Marijuana at 24.94 percent and cocaine at 1.11 percent (Dangerous et al., 2016). The legalization of Marijuana would also contribute substantially to the economic growth of our nation. It has been demonstrated that the legalization of Marijuana could generate additional revenue for our country. The prohibition of Marijuana would not necessarily discourage its use. Marijuana is now being sold by traffickers with ties to the criminal underworld, which is significantly worse. Criminals frequently use drug money to finance their criminal activities. In some instances, Marijuana is also adulterated with detrimental chemicals. Legalizing Marijuana reduces the national debt and removes money from the hands of criminals, with proceeds from marijuana sales going to the government instead of criminals. It would also help the state regulate and monitor the quantity and quality of Marijuana produced by its legal producers (Bunque, 2013).

Considering the potential medical and economic benefits of marijuana legalization, the Philippines should legalize Marijuana immediately. All issues related to the legalization of Marijuana, such as public health and safety, can be addressed with the appropriate coordination and cooperation among its citizens and concerned government agencies. Using cannabis for medical purposes is practical and efficient. Marijuana is much safer than other legal substances, such as alcohol, Viagra, nitrous oxide, and nicotine, because it poses fewer health risks and has no adverse or enduring effects on the user. There is no evidence that Marijuana is physiologically addictive, despite the possibility that it is psychologically addictive. (Steven Slate, 2010) In other words, even in extreme cases of Marijuana abuse, there is no enduring harm to the user. Alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking have been discovered to have caused more deaths than marijuana use. Additional research demonstrates that Marijuana has astounding medical advantages. The significant components of Marijuana, cannabidiol, and THC, were discovered to be a cheap and effective alternative source of medicine for a variety of diseases, including epilepsy, chronic pain, anorexia, nausea, vomiting, glaucoma, schizophrenia, psychological disorder, and stress-related physical and mental disorders. Certain foreign nations, including the United States (e.g., Colorado, Washington, Arizona, and Michigan), have legalized medical Marijuana.

An Act Defining and Limiting the Establishment of Political Dynasties

2023-07-27 07:58:16 UTC

Political dynasties remain ever so pervasive within many democratic countries in spite of undergoing the long and arduous process of democratization. The Philippines is no exception to such a phenomenon. True enough, political dynasties have long been endemic to the political landscape of the country. It has been chronically characterized by the enduring quality of dynastic families and clans who have continued to persist despite several administrative changes, thereby attesting to its unparalleled quality in terms of tenacity and scope. Many have pondered and studied their corrosive effects on effective democratic governance and identified several causes of concern for their continued existence, such as the concentration of political power, weak political competition, and abuse of power and government resources. Taken altogether, it is clear that the perseverance of dynasties undermines the country’s democratic values.

The framers of the 1987 Constitution recognized the danger posed by political dynasties. Nevertheless, while Article II, the Declaration of Principles and State Policies, Section 26 of the 1987 Constitution mandates that: “The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law,” no enabling law has been passed to fulfill such a directive. It is important to emphasize, however, that this is not for lack of trying. In fact, several attempts have been made to pass an anti-dynasty law that would bring Article II, Section 26 of the Constitution into fruition. Anti-dynasty bills continue to be stuck at the committee level. As such, I propose an Act Defining and Limiting the Establishment of Political Dynasties. Instead of using the term “Anti-Dynasty,” perhaps the use of the word “limiting,” which is meant to reflect the intention of regulating and not outright banning dynasties, may help in its process of becoming a law. With regards to matters such as term limits as well as degrees of consanguinity and affinities and how they should be restricted, we can consider the proposals in previous anti-dynasty bills that have come close to becoming a law. These provisions must also be carefully scrutinized in order to prevent politicians from skirting such regulations, should they be passed into a law.

Divorce Law

2023-07-27 07:59:56 UTC

While marriage is protected by the constitution, it is a natural right to freely choose whom to form relationships with. Not allowing divorce is a violation of this natural right. No fault divorce should be allowed in cognizance of this natural right. The courts cannot compel one to be bound to an unfruitful relationship just because the psychological incapacity of a partner cannot be proven.

Requiring Free Menstrual Products

2023-07-27 08:00:48 UTC

It is high time to realize that menstruation is a natural bodily function. In the constant fight in combating gender inequality, we shall recognize that women are asserted to pay for something that is a natural occurrence. Women should not have to pay for something more monthly, just based on their biological needs. Women should not have to bear additional expenses just because they are born with a uterus.

Toilet paper is readily available to all, as it is considered essential in restrooms. This is usually provided free, especially on government-owned facilities. What is the difference between menstrual products? It is still the same, in fact, a more important need for women. Social justice and empowerment come hand in hand in this situation, as this act destroys economic disadvantages brought by gender.

Furthermore, it brings about a more accepting society. Raising access would translate to normalizing menstruation and devoid of any form of taboo or social stigma that comes along with it. Lastly, it advocates for reproductive health care.

An Act to Legalize Divorce in the Philippines

2023-07-27 08:10:04 UTC

The Philippines is a pre-dominantly Catholic country, which values the importance of marriage and family. However, I find that not all children are given their basic necessities by their parents. Aside from shelter, food, education, and the like, a healthy, loving, and nurturing home is a must. Legalizing divorce in the Philippines will not only serve as an avenue to provide opportunities for children to grow up well, but also for the safety and rights of the parents. Abuse and mistreatment can be evident in family households. Hence, giving these parents and their children an opportunity to stray away from an abusive and toxic household will uphold their rights as a person.

Anti-Dynasty Law

2023-07-27 08:10:17 UTC

In order to further our commitment to good governance and to eradicate the longstanding issue of political dynasty, which ills effective public service, the Anti-Dynasty Law must be passed.

An Act Establishing the Grassroot Development Program of Sports in The Philippines

2023-07-27 08:10:55 UTC

As of current date, there is still no law that requires our sports institutions both private and public to implement grassroot development across different sports. There has been many attempts to enforce through legislature a law that would recognize and will also enforce grassroot development in our country, however, none has reached the stage of becoming a law.

This act would seek to promote the importance of providing support to the foundation of sports in our country. When we have children that are supported as they play, we create a new pool of athletes ready to perform in the different stages of competition. Hopefully, this act will also put into writing the financial support that children in the program will receive. When people see that income can be generated through being good in their skills, they are encouraged to stay at it and become more successful.

An Act Legalizing Divorce

2023-07-27 08:26:56 UTC

I acknowledge that this idea has already been brought up by someone else, however, it's still really something that I would want to be brought to congress's attention. For one, we're literally among the last two countries aside from the Vatican where divorce is still illegal. While we claim that we're a country that wants to keep the sanctity and holiness of marriage, I'd argue that many marriages out there lack these things to a gross extent. It seems more like the country wants to keep divorce illegal due to it being in love with the idea of marriage, rather than the quality of the marriages themselves. We have abused children and spouses trapped in loveless marriages, and even if we want something done about them, all we get are annullments, which have become ridiculously difficult processes made all the more difficult with the red tape. Divorce, despite its implications, would ironically save many lives.

An Act allowing Civil Unions for members of the LGBTQ+Community.

2023-07-27 08:27:52 UTC

The debate on gay rights has been a longstanding controversy in the Philippine legislative body. Oftentimes, arguments against laws protecting and allowing equal rights for members of the said community are brushed of in the name of religious inuendos, conservative values, and subjective notions of morality. So long as there is a non-existence of laws protecting the LGBT, hate crimes, bigotry, and discrimination will continue to pervade society. Under an object lens, a law allowing for the Civil Union for members of the LGBT community will allow marital rights without discrimination based on SOGIE. Contrary to popular belief, this is not against the right to practice religion, rather this is a debate regarding fundamental and basic human rights to love freely. One implication of this act would be to acknowledge the partners in a same-sex relationship as immediate relatives in times of medical emergencies, providing them the authority to decide for the courses of treatment that shall warrant the consent of a relative. In essence, this law would provided equal protection for same sex partners in the same manner that the law protects heterosexual partners.

Revisit Intellectual Property Laws and Taxation of Cryptocurrency

2023-07-27 08:30:21 UTC

Crypto currency at the time of pandemic reached its peak. It was the so-called trend. It was a means for Filipinos to turn over a new leaf and make income. Play to earn games became famous because of crypto currency. Even though it is on the down low now, who is it to say that it will rise to prominence once more and maybe that time it will reach greater heights than it did during the pandemic. Application of the law will be hard, and it will take years to implement because cryptocurrency is a new element in the economy. People have been using it as a source of income, and income must always be taxed for the benefit of the public and the national government.

An Act De-Emphasizing Army Dominance in Military Procurement and Planning

2023-07-27 08:41:19 UTC

Despite the threat of secessionist or rebellious elements throughout the country, the military as a whole has appropriately recognized the shifting geopolitical and therefore strategic imperatives since the beginning of the War on Terror in the early 2000s. R.A. No. 10349 and R.A. No. 9184 are critical to meeting the counterrorism and internal security goals but the overall political direction remains clearly in favor of the branch of the Army in terms of resource allocation and reform. The secondary positions that air and services (including the Coast Guard) have assumed impedes the AFP's ability to meet more domestic needs (ex. Disaster relief) and enforce national sovereignty especially as tensions continue to rise in the South China Sea. This has been further hampered by the position of Secretary of National Defense often becoming a "revolving door" of various retired Army generals as seen through the appointments of Voltaire Gazmin, Delfin Lorenzana, Jose Faustino Jr., and Carlito Galvez Jr. However, the appointment of a civilian politician with previous experience in the position in the form of Gilbert Teodoro under the Marcos Jr. Administration presents the possibility of equalizing the procurement foci between the different branches, and lessening the risks of interservice competition given the realities of limited government support.

An Act Granting Amnesty to Student Debt

2023-07-27 09:22:27 UTC

I advocate for education and hope that in the future, those students who work hard enough may be given amnesty in terms of student debt. Though there may be requirements such as financial situation and academic performance, I believe that a student's hardwork must be recognized especially since most of Filipinos live under the poverty line. This can help Filipinos strive for a better future by means of education. I believe that education is the key to the future and by giving incentives to those who need it the most, the country would potentially be in good hands with future leaders and educated citizens.

An Act including men in RA 9262: the Anti-Violence Against Women and their Children Act of 2004

2023-07-27 09:38:15 UTC

Although domestic abuse is more commonly committed towards women, men are still susceptible to domestic violence. It is necessary to address this possibility even if it is not as prevalent. Domestic abuse may also refer to emotional and mental abuse. This act would include men in the protection against domestic violence.

An Act Strengthening the Protection of Indigenous People's Ancestral Lands

2023-07-27 10:18:33 UTC

The society is rapidly advancing with markets and economies developing and expanding – benefitting people from all levels and professions from all over the country. These advancements, however, come with a trade-off considering the limited resources of the country. With buildings, roads, railways, airports, resorts, and all other forms of commercial developments being constructed here and there, available lands are rapidly decreasing. In response, business conglomerates and investors resort to land grabbing or buying the lands of the indigenous oftentimes to the latter’s disadvantage. The indigenous are inexperienced in business matters as compared to these bigshot investors and business men that oftentimes they will grab whatever these business men have to offer in exchange for their ancestral lands. So I intend to pass an act that will strengthen the protection given to the indigenous people so that they can be more aware and can be equipped with the right knowledge and resources to protect their rights.

An act incorporating Traditional, Complementary, and Alternative Medicine (TCAM) in our healthcare system

2023-07-27 10:27:45 UTC

Incorporating TCAM in our healthcare system would create safe guidelines for the individuals that make use of such modalities. These individuals that has TCAM embedded in their culture may be backed with the research of the medical experts. Other than that, this would pave the way for a more accessible and affordable healthcare system.

Parental Obligation to Education

2023-07-27 10:41:15 UTC

In my daily commute, I pass by streets with a lot of underprivileged people. I notice that there are a lot of young people who are not in school. It is sad to see the number of children who are not studying. The potential of our country to be a strong nation can be higher if the level of education and rate of people who can access that education are high.

If I am a member of Congress, I hope to enhance the current law provisions on the obligation of parents to send their children to receive education. The revision will include clear consequences for parents who fail to fulfill their obligation to provide education to their child/ren. This law will encourage people to first evaluate their capacity to provide for their children before bringing them into this world.

Also, I propose that providing education will not be limited to sending a child to a school but to include modular home education where a yearly formal assessment (can be online) to check on educational progress and compliance.

An Act Amending Article 1 of the Family Code of the Philippines

2023-07-27 10:48:42 UTC

"Marriage is a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman entered into in accordance with law for the establishment of conjugal and family life."

On its own, the law stands like a remnant and reminder of our heavily religious history and of previous eras of colonization. By now, marriage by this definition is archaic; not all men and women who join together in marriage establish a 'family' (one with children); and not all men or women now wish to be married to the opposite sex or gender. Amending the law will definitely, however, disrupt several others that hinge on this. It may also support other laws; that marriage may allow proper divorce or dissolution of marriages; that it may allow better provisions for the SOGIE bill; that it may allow partners who do not intend to pursue conjugal relations to be lawfully enjoined and open doors for privileges that marriages usually do (i.e. adoption).

The definition of family similarly, has changed overtime. As the Philippines similarly economically prospers, less and less people are inclined to have children. There are families not just with two people who have children, but there are families of just two. There are families that span generations in a singular household. The family is a basic societal institution, there's no denying it. Which is why there is a need to include even just families of two.

Make disinformation illegal, with stricter provisions in the context of the digital age

2023-07-27 10:53:34 UTC

As we have seen in the most recent elections, disinformation spread as quickly as it through social media is a strong factor to how the majority of the people are swayed to vote. We need to have laws specifically to quash disinformation and punish channels that allow such to be shared. We'd need to have social media channels such as Facebook, Tiktok, Twitter, and the like to be held accountable for letting disinformation spread through their channel without any attempt at banning it or at least providing disclaimers.

An Act Repealing Section 5 (2a) of the Tax Reform for Acceleration and Inclusion (TRAIN) Law

2023-07-27 11:20:26 UTC

In a world where the line between the rich and the poor is getting longer, the Philippines is no exception. Amongst the ASEAN-5, the Philippines has by far the biggest income inequality, scoring a 0.4158 on the Gini coefficient. Section 5 of the TRAIN law is in regards to the amendment of the income tax rates originally listed under the National Internal Revenue Code and in particular it reduces the income tax rate all over the board. There is an argument to be made to keep the tax rates of those in the lower income brackets but I see no reason why the upper middle-class, the rich, and the ultra rich would need their tax cuts more than the rest of the Philippine society.

Divorce Law

2023-07-27 11:25:29 UTC

Failed relationships and marriages are a sad reality of the world. Forcing people to remain in marriages that are abusive, detrimental to their physical or mental wellbeing, unfaithful, toxic, or any other circumstance that would signify that it brings more harm than good is condemning them to lives wherein marriage takes a whole different meaning than the loving and life-giving union it is supposed to be. Not allowing for divorce is punishing and entrapping people for a decision they made out of love. As a child of annulled parents who saw one of them subsequently enter a healthy and lasting marriage, I believe that passing a divorce law is something that not only allows spouses to leave bad situations, but gives entire families second chances in life.

Friendlier law for global economic support

2023-07-27 11:25:48 UTC

Current stance is very protective of national interests such that global players are wary of investment even though the economy shows so much promise. Reconsidering what is ultimately the most beneficial for the local economy is long due.

An Act Standardizing a Nationwide Minimum Wage

2023-07-27 11:36:29 UTC

In order to solve issues vis-a-vis poverty, I think it is best to standardize a minimum wage that applies to all workers across the country. What we have today is a matrix of wages that differs regionally. As a result, workers flock to the cities to earn more; and more often than not, workers are relegated to adverse working and living conditions as a result. This also results in the increase of the urban poor population. Ultimately, this can engender environmental issues, criminality, and other social issues.

To combat these, I think a standardized nationwide minimum wage would give workers an opportunity to find employment where they reside. This also aids the government's thrust in decongesting urban spaces.

To consider "Hate" Speech and similar policies as unconstitutional, thus to be revised or struck down.

2023-07-27 11:46:37 UTC

Political censorship has been ongoing as old as politics itself but as time goes, it changes form to create "legitimacy" in the censorship of political enemies throughout different periods. Gone are the days when tyrants can simply declare the opinions as invalid through sword point. Gone are the days we do not grant freedom of speech to select groups and women. In an ever growing democratic world we live in, we have become more open minded or at least tolerant to dissenting opinions. Now political censorship have taken a new form, it now hides behind the mask of "virtue" or more popularly known in the internet as social "justice". Hate speech is different in principle to defamation or libel, otherwise we wouldn't need it for the sake of promoting justice. No, it comes from one political camp with obvious political motives: to silence dissenting opinions even if its truthful and without malice. In web spaces they moderate, questioning their narrative is enough to be considered as hate speech. Virtue or not (obviously not), it is unconstitutional and we, a country of democratic values that allows the different opinions of our fellow citizens (even if they hate us) shall continue to resist this post-modern colonialism by the west who attempts to supplant our sacred values with their undemocratic, degenerate and twisted belief of "progress".

Divorce Law

laurencetubon — 2023-07-27 12:14:22 UTC

Despite the ramifications of a Divorce Law being enacted within our country, considering the teachings of the Catholic Faith, but there are far too many cases of failed marriages that require very specific instances for them to even apply for annulment. Without a divorce law, those people trapped in unhappy, even volatile relationships may end up believing marriage is nothing more than shackles forced upon them due to making the wrong choice of "till-death-do-us-part" partners.

Anti Political Dynasty Law

2023-07-27 12:46:47 UTC

We know that each individual has their own calling in their profession, hobbies or even interests. One of these callings, could be of service to the people. While this is a good thing to see that we as citizens have a calling to serve for the greater good. However, this is not the case sometimes because this privilege of serving becomes an avenue of abuse of power. This is evident in the Philippines where families dominate a specific area in terms of politics. The political family covers almost every position there is in a local government even in the national government scale. Some positions are also seated by people closely related to the family even though they are not blood bound. With these abuse, these families tend to be the powerful ones in a society. This is an alarming situation in the Philippines and should be treated through the Anti Political Dynasty law.

An Act Repealing Anti-Terror Law

ashleyclariceyao — 2023-07-27 13:06:59 UTC

Even before the passage of the Anti-Terror Law, there have been countless attacks against the critics of the administration. However, the passage of this law further worsened the treatment of progressive groups and individuals by silencing them. Even Amnesty International stood against the passage of this law as it would further risk the human rights condition in this country. Enacting this law would be a step to prevent further abuse of power and intimidation toward various organizations.

Stability and Uniformity of Government Process: An Act Mandating a Uniform Reglementary Period to Appeal in all Quasi-Judicial Agencies and Administrative Bodies of the National Government.

2023-07-27 13:37:00 UTC

The reglementary period to appeal in cases rendered by many quasi-judicial agencies or administrative bodies of the national government varies, i.e., the period can range anywhere from five (5) days in some agencies; to ten (10) days in other agencies; and up to fifteen (15) days in still some other agencies.

This variance in the said reglementary period causes undue confusion and errors, which can often lead to a party losing the case on the technicality of failing to comply with the reglementary period to appeal. In certain cases, the confusion may lead to a denial of justice.

Legislative action, therefore, is needed to correct this procedural malady, primarily because Section 16, Article III of the Constitution mandates that "(a)ll persons shall the right to a speedy disposition of their cases before all judicial, quasi-judicial, or administrative bodies."

Moreover, the Supreme Court has repeatedly held at procedural rules should expedite, and not hinder, the administration of justice.

Accordingly, this proposed law aims to correct the aforesaid problem by mandating that all quasi-judicial agencies and administrative bodies of the national government shall apply and enforce a uniform reglementary period for all appeals, as herein provided.

SEC. 1. Title. -- This Act shall be known as An Act Mandating a Uniform Reglementary Period to Appeal in all Quasi-Judicial Agencies and Administrative Bodies of the National Government.

SEC. 2. Coverage. -- The provisions of this Act shall apply to all quasi-judicial and administrative bodies of the national government. It shall not cover cases that fall within the exclusive jurisdiction of the courts of law.

SEC. 3. Uniform Reglementary Period to Appeal. -- Upon the effectivity of this Act, the reglementary period for appeals in all cases falling under the jurisdiction of quasi-judicial and administrative bodies of the national government shall be fifteen (15) days upon notice or receipt of the decision, judgment, resolution or order subject of the appeal. This reglementary period shall also apply to motions for reconsideration and/or motions for clarification, if one is allowed by the rules of procedure of the quasi-judicial agency or administrative body concerned.

SEC. 4. Repealing Clause. -- The specific provisions in all statutes, presidential decrees and batas pambansa, as well as administrative rules and similar issuances, inconsistent with this Act are deemed repealed, superseded or modified, accordingly.

SEC. 5. Effectivity Clause. -- The Act shall take effect fifteen (15) days after its publication in a newspaper of nationwide circulation.

Laws to encourage agriculture and promotion or incentives to clean energy companies or initiatives

2023-07-27 13:40:26 UTC

Our nation has clearly been more focused on industrialization rather than agriculture which in my opinion would suit us better. We were once the top nation in exporting rice. Now, we have to import rice from our ASEAN neighbor nations that WE taught.

If I was Congress, I would try to cover all clean energy but I would be particular to solar energy. Given the vast underdeveloped fields and hills in the far provinces, the Philippines has a major potential for solar energy if executed with prejudice.

Reproductive Health and Abortion Act of the Philippines

2023-07-27 13:50:55 UTC

This “law” acknowledges the nation's predominantly Catholic context while legalizing abortion under specific circumstances. Abortion is permitted when the mother's life is at risk, in cases of severe fetal abnormalities, or when the pregnancy results from rape or incest. The law ensures that healthcare providers can opt-out based on conscientious objection. The legislation emphasizes comprehensive sex education, accessible contraceptive measures, and maternal healthcare to reduce the need for abortions. By balancing the right to life and individual autonomy, the law seeks to respect religious beliefs while prioritizing women's health and safety.

An Act for Divorce Law

2023-07-27 13:58:19 UTC

In my opinion, there are currently many lapses in Philippine Legislation. With changing times, the laws being passed need to be more updated as values and morals develop further and new technology arises. However, one of the crucial laws that is yet to be passed in the country is the Divorce law.

The Philippines, along with the Vatican, is the only country in the world where Divorce is unavailable to its citizens. With the cases we previously read in class, a handful of them discussed marriage and annulment. These cases stood out to me as it was clear that a law that would help couples who no longer what to stay married should be passed. It should be noted that unhealthy marriages as such should not be held on to just because the law has gaps that cannot be filled. At the end of the day, forcing people to stay married, despite their feelings, merely results to unhappiness. Moreover, when taking into consideration children involved, such situations would not be conducive to them as they develop to be productive members of society. At this point, is undeniable that there are times where marriages don't work. It's about time to allow these couples to be separated without going through the process of annulment that, in itself, has a pretty stringent and specific standards in order to be granted.

An Act for Regulating Online Gambling Website and Application in the Philippines.

2023-07-27 14:51:32 UTC

Online gambling may be done at any time and from any location; all you need is a credit card and an internet connection. The internet gambling sector has been expanding in recent years, but it is currently expanding even faster due to lack of restriction on it. A lot of Unknown entities also use this to launder their money since it is not regulated. With these in mind I think it is time for a law to regulate such activities and have standards to abide by. Additionally glamorous commercials for gambling and sports betting are also becoming omnipresent, and they do not inform you about the consequences of gambling.

An Act to Increase The Standards for Public Office

2023-07-27 15:08:55 UTC

After going through the module about the Executive branch, I noticed how we have the bare minimum standards regarding the requirements to become President. As per Article VII, Section 2 of the Constitution, no person may be elected President unless (1) he is a natural-born citizen of the Philippines, a registered voter, (2) able to read and write, (3) at least forty years of age on the day of the election, (4) and a resident of the Philippines for at least ten years immediately preceding such election.

I believe that being the highest executive position in the country, it is high time that we set higher standards to ensure that they are capable and knowledgeable enough to lead the country. I do not understand why the only academic-related requirement for being President is knowing how to "read and write".

There are so many lower-ranked jobs in the country that have higher standards (and even less pay!) than this.

An Act Mandating the usage of Filipino language for all government issuances transactions and such

2023-07-27 15:18:54 UTC

Since I was a child I have always wondered why do we have Filipino as our national language and yet still use the English language as medium for transaction in the government and medium of instruction in the educational system. The Philippines have a national language and the promotion of it should come from the government. Mandating government agencies to use the national language will help the citizens to understand the process of the government better specially the underprivilege who are not fluent in the English language. It also emphasizes accountability because common Filipino citizen can easily discern what a statement says. Lastly, it helps the Filipino language to flourish and gives citizen more knowledge about the Filipino language.

An Act for the Reduced Use of Plastics

2023-07-27 15:38:00 UTC

A total ban on the use of plastics would be difficult, but still within the realm of possibility. Be that as it may, plastics have so many uses in our current situation, and a total ban on it would be impractical, to say the least.
A reduction on our use of plastics would be a huge contribution in our efforts for a more sustainable future. A huge percentage of our wastes and pollution (in all air, land, and sea) are from discarded plastic materials such as plastic bags, bottles, wrappers, and the like. Our water and drainage systems are congested due to these materials. Land fills our filled with plastic materials that take a long time to decompose, leading people to resort to burning them instead. Plastics contribute so much to the destruction of the environment. To my mind, our problem with plastics can be resolved through its responsible use. We need to lessen the unnecessary plastic products we use and look for sustainable and environmentally-friendly alternatives. The plastic materials we cannot avoid using, however, can be recycled or reused.
This step, no matter how difficult, is necessary to prolong the planet's life, and consequently, to prolong our lives.

Carbon Tax Act

2023-07-27 15:40:35 UTC

There are already initiatives in the Philippines to impose carbon tax. For instance, the Department of Finance (DOF) is already studying the feasibility of introducing carbon tax to generate money while also addressing the different environmental concerns raised by carbon emissions. Furthermore, the World Bank predicts that the Philippine economy's carbon footprint will rapidly triple as demand for energy increases due to significant economic and population growth.

A carbon tax, which would be levied largely on activities and even products that emit greenhouse gases, could help our country meet its target of lowering greenhouse gas emissions by 75% by 2030. This will encourage firms to invest more in sustainable initiatives and use renewable energy by providing them with tax incentives. Furthermore, with the imposition of a carbon tax, we can provide business industries with their own assigned carbon emission allowance, and if they exceed the specified threshold, a penalty will be imposed. This will encourage businesses to lower their carbon emissions.

The imposition of a carbon tax will not only raise the government's funding, but it can also be used as a tool to address and mitigate the impact of climate change.

An Act Strengthening the Early Years Act (EYA) of 2013

2023-07-27 16:16:24 UTC

It has already been recognized by the State that the age from 0 to 8 years as the first crucial stage of educational development. However, according to the Data from the Philippine Poverty and Education Profile, UP School of Economics (2013) only 13 will finish college out of the 100 individuals who started elementary schooling. Most of them dropped out in elementary due to multiple reasons but one of which is the lack of preparation for formal learning system that starts at kindergarten. Thus, through this Act, we can improve the ECCD system particularly its center-based programs. There shall be provision of day care centers for every barangay and partaking in such programs under these programs should be mandatory and free for children from age zero (0) to four (4) years. Furthermore, the Act shall include provisions of incentives for individuals who will take and/or finish a degree on Early Childhood Education undergraduate programs. This is to ensure that there would be sufficient professionals who will be employed for the implementation of EYA programs.

An Act Systematizing the Transportation System in the Country

2023-07-27 16:26:48 UTC

The Philippines, particularly Metro Manila, is notorious for its everyday congestion. Everyone can attest to how exhausting it is to get from one point to another in the Metro, as what should take a few minutes may turn into hours of waiting for traffic to move.

Implementing regulations to standardize the country's transportation system is thus critical and must be done as soon as possible. Since the majority of Filipinos commute, the car-centric population should be reduced and the system made more commuter-friendly.

An Act Increasing the Budget of Philippine Women's National Sports Teams

mateneo10 — 2023-07-27 17:09:13 UTC

The country has been obsessed with only one sport which has been basketball for many years. Having said this, most of the budget and allowances go to the basketball team (Gilas) which leaves no room for other sports most especially to women who have excelled to represent the Philippines worldwide such as the World Cup and also the Major Baseball World Championship. In increasing the budget of women sports in the Philippines, no only will the teams benefit but also the support will be overwhelming to help these athletes reach their dreams and make the Philippines recognized in the bigger scale.

ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE ACT

2023-07-27 17:25:55 UTC

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is slowly integrating into multiple aspects of our daily lives. Currently, it is being utilized in the academe as a tool for scholarly activities and educational discourses. Alongside its introduction in the academe are also emerging discussions on its ethical use, since it raises multiple questions on whether or not AI is a potential ground for fair use/plagiarism issues. A particular example of this case would be the use of ChatGPT on academic works. Educators and professionals have mixed opinions on the use of AI-generated works in learning, considering that applications like these also utilize pre-existing references and academic works written by scholars in the academe.

With that, I would like to propose a legislation that seeks to regulate the use of Artificial Intelligence, especially in government facilities and social service systems. Ultimately, this bill does not want to eliminate AI as it also recognizes the inevitability of such technological development that would one day fully integrate with human environment. It rather ensures that humans are still physically practicing their skills that translates to the activities they can do for the benefit of the Filipino people, especially in the area of public service.

On Social Sciences and Educational Scholarships

2023-07-27 18:29:32 UTC

There is a plethora of opportunities that can be utilized by students in the Philippines reagrding the social sciences field, science and technology, as well as humanties and the arts.

However, accessibility on education has been one of the leading turmoil that hinders the educational sector to thrive especially with its pursuit to contribute to society. I am more than impressed with the unified student financial assistance for tertiary education or uniFAST that relegates students into the same level when it comes to attaining an education. Other than that, there is also a law on the Department of Science and Technology that funds scholarships on programs that is in the said field.

Seeing the progress and current legal basis on these programs regarding certain fields of study makes me hopeful regarding programs of the same mission to make education accessible but this time, in the field of social sciences as well as the humanities and the arts.

Quality Education Opportunities Act

2023-07-27 18:46:35 UTC

As someone who grew up in the province, there's only a handful of institutions a family would deem to be of quality education. However, the ability of an institution to produce well-rounded students and boast quality education can still co-exist with toxic mindsets of favoritism, embarrassment of students, etc. Moreover, many schools lack the proper training, equipment, resources, or facilities to ensure that students are able to learn effectively. Most concerning of all is how the number of out-of-school youth continues to be a pressing issue to this day.

I firmly believe that if we were to solve the education crisis in the Philippines, there is a stronger opportunity for us to stop systematic issues at its core.

Divorce

2023-07-27 19:03:02 UTC

As someone who has been educated in an all-boys Catholic institution in my primary years, I have been vehemently against the concept of divorce. I had fought for how I viewed marriage — unions that are sacrosanct in a functioning society. However, I have come to the realization that marriages are not always perfect. And there are couples who should not even be married. I believe that laws on divorce should be able to help troubled couples in our country, with provisions that would be able to provide more clear-cut solutions as to property management, child custody and the like. As such, in the words of Senator Risa Hontiveros, divorces don’t ruin a marriage. Infidelity does. Financial incapability does. Mental disability does. Laws on divorce should be upheld by our government. We have been so self-righteous as a country in proclaiming scriptures, that we do not notice the hypocrisies in ourselves.

Law extending Philhealth coverage to Mental Health Treatment

2023-07-27 19:47:26 UTC

I have been confronted with the difficulties of mental health through close friends and relatives. Although there are laws strengthening the mental health system in the Philippines, it remains inaccessible and expensive. It remains to be difficult for Filipinos to find doctors that can actively aid them in receiving treatment and confronting the problems brought about by mental health illnesses. As I observed, multiple treatments are needed for one to fully "heal" and accompanying these treatments are expensive medicines. It would be greatly helpful if the public can access affordable mental health care, which will not greatly help the struggling individual but also the people who are providing him with support.

Legalization of Divorce in the Philippines

2023-07-27 20:09:05 UTC

Despite Marriage being a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman, there are limitations as to how a marriage should be idealized within the constitution and civil code of the Philippines. As a predominantly catholic state, the Philippines embodies many conservative catholic values instilled within our laws because of the social-cultural identity amongst Filipinos. While there are options for separation between married couples, i.e. annulment, nullity, and legal separation, conservative values instilled within the law prevent the Philippines from recognizing the legalization of Divorce. Married couples should have the choice and freedom to enter a divorce and legally end their marriage without having to erase the marriage through annulment or nullity, and without having to remain "married" despite legal separation.

Divorce Law

2023-07-27 20:24:29 UTC

I alongside many of my own classmates believe that a divorce law is long overdue in our legal system. I believe it is important for us to separate our ideas of marriage, in terms of it as a sacrament under Catholicism and as a permanent union meant to provide a conjugal life. I believe legal separation should be more accessible because humans are fallible— we cannot expect every union to be successful and emotionally fulfilling. Individuals can change over time. In particular, I want to address the suggestion for a divorce law that only allows spouses in abusive relationships to legally separate. Personally, I find this suggestion may not be as helpful at all because of the grueling and mentally draining process it is for victim-survivors to prove their abuse to the court already in regular sexual and gender-based violence cases. We should allow for more generalized requirements when we are to pass a divorce bill, with one example being that of "irreconcilable differences," to smoothen the process of divorce for marital violence victims.

Legalization of Abortion

2023-07-27 21:10:33 UTC

It's about time to give women a choice to carry out any pregnancy to full term or not which should go hand in hand with the enactment of the Reproductive Health Act. This should benefit women who have complications during pregnancy, those who found themselves in unplanned ones and most especially those who are victims of sexual abuse.

The Public Debt Ceiling Act of 2023

2023-07-27 23:24:59 UTC

While I value the importance of government borrowings to stimulate the economy, especially in the long run, our economic managers must exercise careful analysis and be more accurate and prudent before letting the Philippine President and the Secretary of Finance enter into loan contracts. If not, as emphasized by Sen. Leila M. De Lima during the 17th congress, then we may end up with a pile of debts that our children, our children’s children, and even several generations thereafter will either have a hard time paying or will not be able to repay at all. Lower debt accumulation cannot be deemed successful if, in return, the countries’ growth slows down. I firmly hold the position that we must always strive for economic growth while still ensuring that debt uncertainties and possible pitfalls are strictly minimized, for the current generation and the future ones to follow.

Therefore, a ceiling shall be imposed on the total public debt of the Philippines per fiscal year to the amount equivalent to five percent (5%) of the previous year’s Gross Domestic Product which may not be exceeded at any time, unless through certain exemptions when there are extraneous factors such as Natural Calamities, Epidemics, Pandemics, and other catastrophic emergencies. Also provided that, such breach, if necessary, should be approved by both Houses of Congress.

With this proposed law, it solves the other pressing issues in our country such as improper budgeting, misuse of funds, and the continuous corruption that cripples the economy of the Philippines. We need to institute debt management reforms that will further assure maximized social and economic benefits from the loans that our country incurs, which justifies its prioritization, and at the same time, it is managed properly to avoid the risk of imprudent debt accumulation.

An Act to Provide Enhanced Education Support and Funding for Lumad Schools

2023-07-28 00:26:35 UTC

Education is a basic human right that should be met and enjoyed by each and everyone. Having an access to education will help them live and be educated with their rights. However, education for the Lumads is not accessible since there are only a few schools near where most of the Lumads live (Nolasco et Al., 2021). Lumads have also experienced different kinds of discrimination due to their differences and their own unique culture, tradition, and history. One of the reasons why most lumads don't fully engage at school is that there is a lack of cultural sensitivity with the education materials as well as the language of instruction used. How will they be able to engage properly at school when the education materials and methods does not reflect with their cultural perspectives and beliefs. The language of instruction used is unfamiliar to them as well since it's not their mother tongue.

That is why lumad schools are important. They provide an accessible education to the lumads that reflects their community's values and beliefs. This is good not only for them, but for the whole community since it also helps them preserve and understand their culture and traditions while they reach their dreams.

By supporting and giving higher funds to the lumads schools, more people in the lumad community will be able to enjoy their right to education since it will be more accessible and accurate for them.

After all, education must be inclusive and accessible to all regardless of age, gender, race, ethnicity, etc.

An Act to Create and Capacitate Primary Care Facilities in Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas (GIDAs)

2023-07-28 00:48:43 UTC

While there should be a primary care facility in all barangays through barangay health centers, this is not the case in reality particularly for Geographically Isolated and Disadvantaged Areas (GIDAs).

Primary care facilities are an important part of patient navigation and should ideally be the first point of contact both to avoid overloading the health system and to ensure that patients don't unnecessarily go to specialists.

People living in GIDAs though are often forced to go to whichever city is nearest, which can take hours, making checkups inconvenient especially if they have other obligations to take care of.

In the event that GIDAs do have primary care facilities, equipment and manpower remains a key issue as the overhead costs may not make it viable. This law would mandate that a portion of an LGU's IRR allocation for health expenditures be specifically designated towards establishing primary care facilities in uncovered areas, or if there is sufficient coverage, in ensuring that primary care facilities adhere to national standards e.g. having available beds, a stock of medicine in the National Formulary, competitive salaries for the healthworkers, etc.

An Act Legalizing Ligation of Married Women Without the Need for the Husband's Consent

2023-07-28 00:49:12 UTC

Just recently I came to know a teacher who got pregnant and wanted a ligation because her husband has been abusing her. Before she gave birth, she requested that she be ligated as this would save costs (because the doctor can ligate her after she gives birth). However, the hospital denied her request because they need an authorization from her husband as well.

I understand that marriage is an important vow between two people and there are obligations that must be fulfilled in a marriage -- such as having a child.

However, to strip women off of their choice of ligation all because of marriage is an entirely different story. I believe that women should still be able to decide on what they want to do with their bodies, such as when they decide it's time to have a ligation.

Anti-Endo Bill

2023-07-28 01:11:54 UTC

Labor contractualization is among the present practices in the country that prohibits majority of the Filipinos to have secured and stable jobs. Allowing this bill to become a law would have important implications to welfare of the employees and workers in the Philippines, to wit: The rights of the workers would be observed, as the exploitation of them through short-term contracts would be eliminated. It would improve the efficiency of the market. Lastly, it would uphold social justice and fairness. The most important facet of this law is its ensuring that the rights of the Filipino workers are treated equally, with respect to dignity and fairness in the workplace.

An Act to Provide Laws in Local Dialects and Digestible Aids

2023-07-28 02:06:59 UTC

Information dissemination is a crucial element in modern society. Its significance heightened more so during the COVID-19 pandemic, where the epidemics of misinformation and disinformation ran rampant. However, one can argue that the proliferation of fake news can be attributed to lack of access to information made for the public. Although the Constitution provides the right for the public to be informed, more often than not, statutes and regulations that concern the public are inaccessible or indigestible to the general public. Studies point towards deficiencies in mindful public communication, specifically pertaining to language and aids that are crucial in the diverse context of the Philippines.

By enacting this, I hope for governments to extend their understanding of transparency, by not just limiting it to mere publication, but allowing such to be interpreted more meaningfully for the body politic. Otherwise, the layman would continue to prefer sources of information that have the authority to de-contextualize and propagandize their content.

Implementation of Carbon Tax

2023-07-28 02:19:04 UTC

Carbon Tax is essentially a tax on the carbon content of fossil fuels. Its goal is to discourage people from producing less fossil fuels, which in turn, may help our battle against climate change.

The enactment of this tax would be a big step for the country towards a more sustainable movement, urging the people to look for alternatives to using fossil fuels.

National Feeding Program for all Elementary Students in Public Schools

2023-07-28 02:31:36 UTC

It is the declared policy of the state to promote health and general welfare of the Filipino youths and instill nutrition consciousness among them. Because of this, the State shall adopt:

(a) a sustainable and comprehensive approach to ensure that the country’s youths, specifically those in the public elementary level, are provided the much needed nutrition for them to achieve healthy living conditions and a life that is free from the risks of illness and similar health hazards due to malnutrition;

(b) Institutionalize a program using agents of the State and other instrumentalities, relevant therefor, including funds to be incorporated in the Annual appropriations that will ensure the complete realization of this worthy undertaking.

An Act to Aid and Empower Micro Small and Medium Enterprises

2023-07-28 02:45:21 UTC

MSME’s are a vital component of our country’s economy. It brings growth in various sectors and helps with problems of poverty and unemployment in the country. The collective economic activity of MSME’s contribute significantly to the country’s gross domestic product. Given its significance, I think it is essential to create an enabling environment which would support and nurture these enterprises to ensure and facilitate growth and sustainability of MSME’s.

A law specifically tailored for MSME’s would address the unique challenges faced by smaller businesses and provide them an environment where they could thrive. The law would create incentives and support mechanisms for these enterprises such as access to finance, promoting skill development, a better and more simple business registration process, among other policies. With this law the country can harness the full potential of MSME’s to drive economic and social development for all.

National Fund Expenditure Transparency (NFET) Bill

2023-07-28 02:45:39 UTC

It is with due diligence knowing how prevalent the excruciating corruption is in our country. If we will consider the people who are not given health benefits, who died because of lack of opportunity and survival assistance, and other forms of aids that the government should have provided from the tax of the people, the intensity and propensity of corruption and public distrust are not trivial at all because it is the gravest sin of all. And I believed that one particular bill can become an aid in bridging transparency and good governance among politicians who may be succumbing to political fraud and debauchery. The bill comes with the name of National Fund Expenditure Transparency (NFET) Bill.

National Fund Expenditure Transparency Bill has three impetuses. It is to expose how the taxes that are handled to politicians are spent in accord to their duty to place it for nation building; liquidize the fund that was handled to a politician, to scrutinize if there are any incumbrances that have transpired; and for the public community, or the Filipino people, to have an access on these expenditures in an online database or domain, where anyone can visit virtually to check and compare in their own locale, if the said expenditure has been really spent rightfully.

This bill is a promising policy, and is alarmingly needed by the country because of the longstanding corruption in our republic. The instances of Pork Barrel, the Pastilyas controversy, or even P15 Billion Phil health scheme—have made our country in disdain. If this will be implemented as a law, Filipino people can be at ease knowing that their taxes are going into the right places and the corrupt leaders of the country will be uncovered, removed, and replaced by a more credible and integral spearhead.

Corruption is a social, political and monetary conundrum that influences all generations and blocks law and order. It disintegrates economies and adds to political insecurity. That is why, addressing such in the public arena is connected to the advancement of individual and social uprightness.

Anti Political Dynasty Law

2023-07-28 02:46:11 UTC

We cannot deny the fact that Political Dynasty is prevalent in the Philippines. Prominent political families control most of the political positions. This oftentimes leads to corruption. It is important to minimize or eradicate such political dynasties in order to give equal chances to the people to serve its own country and promote the interest of the public.

Anti-Jaywalk Bill

2023-07-28 02:53:54 UTC

As somebody whose primary source of transportation is via car, I have experienced a lot of frustrating jaywalking pedestrians in the Philippines. This is not only dangerous to the pedestrian who run the risk of getting hit by the car, it is also a risk to the driver who may have to swerve or shift lane to avoid the pedestrian. This should specifically target major roads, as the risk of jaywalking in minor roads is much smaller. Or it could target jaywalking as a whole.

Manila has Ordinances against jaywalking but a small fine of about 500 pesos is not enough to scare pedestrians from Jaywalking. There are pedestrian crossings and skywalks for a reason.

The dangers of jaywalking is not emphasized enough in the Philippine context, this would definitely save lives (both the pedestrian and driver) if we are stricter in catching individuals who jaywalk.

An Act to Promote Public Transportation and Commuter-Friendly Roads

2023-07-28 02:58:09 UTC

Strengthening and improving the current public transportation system in the country could help bolster the economy. Shorter commute times would be great. This could also significantly help improve the quality of life in the country. One of the main struggles that Filipinos encounter on a daily basis is traffic due to lack of adequate public transportation infrastructure.

Legalizing Divorce in the Philippines

2023-07-28 02:58:11 UTC

Despite our current Canon Laws, I believe there is a way that would satisfy both the Church and the State when it comes to legalizing divorce. Divorce could be seen in a light away from the negativity of disrespecting the vow made in front of the Lord. If any, divorce can be seen as an act that would save thousands from never-ending abuse and suffering.

An Act Prohibiting the "No Permit, No Exam" Policy as Practiced in Private Schools and Universities

2023-07-28 03:26:49 UTC

It is practice for schools and universities to require complete payment of tuition fees before a student takes their final exams for a course. This is done so to ensure that a student has no remaining balance before they end the school year. While it is the right of the school to ensure payment for the services they rendered, it is my belief that strict observance of this has gotten in the way of students being able to fully perform well in their course.
The concern of tuition fees is merely an administrative process, not an academic one. So it poses the question of why an administrative or procedural lack should result in the student not being able to showcase their academic competency through their final exam until such time procedural lack has been completed.
Just as it is in the courts, procedural defects should be addressed on via procedural means, and it should not aim to reflect on the academic performance of a student for the 2 are not comparable. One is for administrative compliance and should not have a bearing on their academic achievement.

An Act Decriminalizing Abortion

2023-07-28 03:28:13 UTC

Women have been historically oppressed in many aspects, and this law further reinforces the idea of limiting our choices, especially in healthcare. Currently, the Philippines stands with about million induced abortions annually, and 1000 of them die from complications (Perez et al., 2023). These show that while it is explicitly within the laws to criminalize abortions, many women still resort to it underground, thus depriving them of proper healthcare.

If I were in the Congress, i would like to use my power to lobby an Act allowing women to seek abortion, as I believe that it would be better if women would have access to safe abortions than to have them risk their lives or die doing it underground.

Perez, J. M., Monteagudo, G. S., Nebrada, P. C., Arevalo, M. N., De la Paz, E. P., Ho, F. V., & Padilla, C. A. (2023). The spectre of unsafe abortions in the Philippines. The Lancet Regional Health Western Pacific, 32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lanwpc.2022.100655

Legalizing Abortion in the Philippines

2023-07-28 03:34:04 UTC

The passage of the RH Bill a few years ago was historic, igniting debate across the country, particularly among Christian groups. It was eventually found to be constitutional, although other provisions had been taken down. Given the country's dire need for a reproductive health program, it was a major victory, particularly for women. Although the said legislation addressed reproductive issues and services, abortion remains unlawful. Given the prevalence of illegal abortions and their associated risks, women must have access to safe and legal abortions. Furthermore, it is healthcare, and women should be given all of the options to decide for their bodies and future. Therefore, I would amend the Reproductive Health Bill or RA 10354 to legalize abortion if I were a part of Congress.

An Act Amending Discriminatory Provisions on Marital Infidelity in the Revised Penal Code Article 333 and 334

2023-07-28 03:41:38 UTC

The gender-based provisions of the law counteracts the realization of the fundamental equality of men and women prior to the law. The law places a heavier burden upon the wives due to the usage of term "adultery" and "concubinage", the evidence necessary, and the difference on the penalties imposed on the parties. I recommend the use of "marital infidelity" rather a separation of infidelity to two distinct terms such as adultery and concubinage.

Men are more likely to be involved in extra-marital affairs and are even flaunting their mistresses, even without cohabiting with her in any other place or a conjugal abode. Sexual intercourse under scandalous circumstances are not required for a man to be proven he commit an offense under the elements of concubinage. Women on the other hand can be proved to have sexual contact with a man who is not his husband through circumstantial evidence such as sleeping together, including testimonies from witnesses who saw them using pajamas or other sleeping apparels can be considered as an evidence that a woman committed adultery.

If we are to uphold equality of men and women, infidelity must not be differentiated between the two as well the penalties imposed must not be heavier than the other. This just strengthens the machismo of the men who dominated and subdued women for years.

An Act Legalizing Same-Sex Marriage

2023-07-28 03:49:31 UTC

Legalizing Same-sex marriage allows to have same-sex couples become protected under the law. This is a gateway for queer couples to have a legal identity as one. They can own properties as one legal entity. They will become a family under the eyes of the law and benefit from such recognition. This Act will also strengthen the protection of family relationships. Family shall not be limited to men and women.

The current notion now that we have for same-sex marriage is primarily backed up by social mores perpetrated by religions. However, this shall not be the case.

Anti-Political Dynasty Law

2023-07-28 03:51:48 UTC

A more competitive and active democratic process would result from the outlawing of political dynasties, which would encourage fresh and diverse individuals to run for office. Additionally, banning this will improve checks and balances because it will minimize the concentration of power in a single family.

An Act Safeguarding Children Online

2023-07-28 04:08:03 UTC

Since all children are now digital nomads and have access to a phone or an internet connection at such a young age, protecting their safety as they browse the web is of tantamount importance. They are more vulnerable to being exploited online. Implementing appropriate laws can play a significant role in ensuring their online security.
This Act could include provisions for age verification for websites that could contain potentially harmful content and parental control tools to allow guardians to set limits on content access. There could also be privacy protection, content filtering, and reporting mechanisms for parents to ensure their children's safety. Alongside education and awareness, there should also be cooperation with internet service providers and tech companies to mandate operations and combat online child exploitation and illegal activities involving the youth.

Climate or Industrial-Upgrading Laws

2023-07-28 04:08:57 UTC

The Philippines faces various environmental challenges, including deforestation, pollution, climate change, and biodiversity loss. A Comprehensive Environmental Protection Act could be proposed to address these issues and promote sustainable development.

Additionally, the industrial sector of the Philippines continues to be comparatively lagging with respect to the global supply chain hence putting a ceiling on the country's role as a player in globalization. An Act Revising Foreign Investment Incentives (including proper urban planning and expansion) would be pertinent.

An Act to Provide the Resources to Build A Consolidated National Internet Server for the Philippines

2023-07-28 04:12:09 UTC

Consider that in the age of information, technology has moved to require the internet as a necessary component to making every process efficient. The Philippines is known to have poor internet conditions, especially within rural areas because of factors such as lack of resources to maintain a global internet hub, places wherein it could withstand extreme weather conditions, as well as the facilities to properly distribute internet connections throughout its citizens.

In this particular act, I believe that it is necessary for Congress to consider devoting resources in order to improve the technological advancement of the Philippines with regards to the internet. Specifically, by building an internet server hub that would become the house for the internet data that moves within and without the Philippines. Currently, the internet hubs that the Philippines is connected to is located abroad, therefore the data streams of getting information from the internet is more delayed when compared to countries with their personal national internet server hub. With this in mind, it would help the Philippines if the Congress is able to allocate resources in order to build this internet hub resource, have the facilities to maintain it and distribute the internet properly, so that the Philippine citizens may have better internet conditions.

An Act Imposing a Stricter Penalty on Social Media Platforms that Continue to Disseminate Disinformation

2023-07-28 04:22:52 UTC

Disinformation is a rampant issue in the digital age that needs immediate action from the higher authorities as it leaves serious effects on most individual’s physical and mental well-being. Even one’s perception of the world and way of living are not spared from the adverse effects brought by disinformation.

Facebook and YouTube are just two of the social media sites commonly used today by people, young or old. These platforms have somehow become people’s "primary" source of news and other information today because they are convenient and easily accessible. Even work, businesses, and schools use these said platforms to conduct research and disseminate announcements and tasks. However, since everyone has unlimited access to such social media platforms and most of the generation today are very much knowledgeable about technology and the internet, the circulation of any kind of information is incessant. Perhaps social media companies can barely control the influx of information being fed to their consumers.

In the Philippines, the spread of disinformation has become prolific ever since the recent national elections. Information about some candidates, which are shared on Facebook, Twitter, and YouTube among others, have been fabricated to mislead people. On the other hand, unresearched infographics or posts talking about certain medicines or home remedies to cure certain illnesses have also been circulating online. This clearly shows that the uncontrolled spread of disinformation can jeopardize or put one’s life at stake.

Hence, this current issue on disinformation needs the intervention of the higher authorities in order to protect the safety and the welfare of every individual by imposing a stricter penalty on social media platforms that will continue to allow the dissemination of disinformation.

Better Nationwide Healthcare

2023-07-28 04:28:04 UTC

The Philippines is in dire need of better nationwide healthcare laws and regulations. PhilHealth already exists, but we all know about the 15 billlion pesos issue. The Filipino people deserve better. Far better.
Philippine hospitals are already littered with highly skilled professionals, the problem is that Philippines' public healthcare system is severely lacking in good governance and better application towards the people it intends to serve. Besides, most good hospitals are only found in Manila alone. What about other parts of the country?

And although Philhealth covers medical treatments and expenditures, such as inpatient care and non-emergency operations, this is not the case for all medical procedures. And it has to be more affordable, if not completely free, for all Filipinos in need.
Besides, Filipinos (who can afford it) rely solely on private hospitals, because public hospitals are usually overcrowded and are in need of better facilities and equipment. But that is to say that not all public hospitals are bad, it just means that Filipinos put more trust in more expensive private hospitals. There should be a better healthcare system in the Philippines that will provide equal, premium quality service to all, regardless if they can afford it. Yes, that means government-funded.

An Act providing Sustainable Food Stamps for the Less Fortunate

2023-07-28 04:38:26 UTC

Currently, there is already going to be a pilot run, approved by President Marcos, DSWD food stamp program, providing P3000 to one million households that do not earn more than P8000 pesos monthly. This is a good blueprint, but it would be better to have it be more sustainable by having it monthly, and reach a wider range. If a family earns more than P8000, it is unfortunate that they will not be able to access this because it is most likely that this would be of great need as well to them.

Critical Thinking and Fact Checking Courses Mandatory in Primary School

2023-07-28 04:55:45 UTC

If I was part of Congress, I would be focusing on battling fake news and misinformation, and also in teaching young Filipino kids to practice critical thinking at a young age.

This is to avoid at the very start or in their foundational years mindless consuming of data without undergoing proper processing that will allow for better outlook on the information and insight into its validity. This should be partnered with education on news discernment. I believe these are huge steps to help resolve problematic historical distortion.

Barangay-based People's Initiative and Referendum System

2023-07-28 04:57:33 UTC

While the 1987 Constitution and RA 6735 allow citizens themselves to enact laws and petition amendments to the Constitution through "People's Initiative," the required process is very difficult, requiring 10% of the total registered number of voters and 3% of the total number of registered voters in each legislative. Until today, no law has successfully be enacted through a People's Initiative.

Since the logistics is a primary concern, I hope to make people's initiatives and other referendum's easier by enacting a law that mandates the adoption of an accessible and convenient electronic system for signing or voting into petitions, referendum, and the like, which shall be permanently located at each barangay hall. The system should also include a notification system to inform and encourage on People's Inititative.

Better Public Transportation in the Philippines

2023-07-28 05:20:08 UTC

A lot has been said about the public transportation in the Philippines, many of the comments being negative. In improving the public transportation system, the country stands to gain a number of benefits. These include lessening road congestion, reducing air pollution, and an overall improvement in travel time for many Filipinos. An act increasing the efficiency of public transportation will not only help the county economically through way fo spending less time travelling but will also help in relieving stress off of those who use it.

Online Protection

2023-07-28 05:42:10 UTC

As we are now in the digital age, I would propose an act that would protect the people, especially women and children from injustices that occur online. The online environment is still relatively new, but the generation today highly depend on it. Although some posts or websites may be regulated, there are still plenty of dangers that can happen and I do not know if we have the laws that cover those issues at the moment. There is so much to consider with what happens within the online environment, but I am hopeful that we will learn to combat those challenges with proposed laws for better protection of people online.

Requiring philosophy courses as early as junior high

2023-07-28 05:43:15 UTC

While there are many branches in philosophy, I think it would be important if young students were already trained to spot fallacies and evaluate arguments. Such required philosophy classes would be connected to civic ideals and responsibilities so that their idea of citizenship is deepened and even perhaps questioned as to what citizenship really means. By honing one’s philosophy skills, one is expected to create sound yet critical arguments which shall benefit the public sphere in general since the quality of discourse is raised rather than diminished. Furthermore, one realizes the ethical responsibilities and underlying moral reasons as to why one should promote love, justice, and order in society.

An Act Legalizing Abortion in the Philippines.

2023-07-28 05:47:52 UTC

Safe abortion should be available to Filipinos. With proper guidelines and moderation, Women should have a choice with their own body.

An Act Proposing a Tracker System for Supposed Funds Allocated for Different Governmental Projects

2023-07-28 06:04:42 UTC

We as a country are no strangers to the idea of corruption and plunder (cases which we have read about as well), at the root of all this crime and issue is the misuse and improper allocation of public funds. Suppose that a tracker mean to supervise and allow the public to see just where their taxes are going may create a sense of responsibility and allow for honesty and transparency on the part of the government. Not only would the public be able to see where money flows, but to whom it comes from and to who it may reach, thus allowing for, hopefully, more honest transactions.

Legalize euthanasia

2023-07-28 06:05:37 UTC

In the pursuit of human dignity and the elimination of unnecessary suffering, I would legalize euthanasia, active and passive. People should have the right to choose how to die, and to die with dignity. Guidelines have to be studied carefully with regard to patients giving consent, medically and psychologically ascertaining ability to give consent, repeated verification of consent, age and circumstances allowable to give consent, and other possible issues.

Basic Manners and Skill Identification Education

2023-07-28 06:10:23 UTC

I am not a big fan of the current education system of the Philippines. It not only is an expensive and long journey for most, but a lot of the things they teach are irrelevant to most of the students' lives and they end up not even knowing what is relevant for them to succeed in their lives and they have to find that out on their own. Which is why I propose that at the very least, schools should focus on the basics in grade school such as basic manners, house care, personal care, and language education. Afterwards, high school should focus on more advanced concepts that are used to determine the talents, skills, and interests of the students wherein they will then be segregated in the next years into sections that have subjects more attuned to them. This would mean that the curriculum is not fixed for all students but I believe such proposal is for the benefit of all.

An Act Subsidizing Basic Education Costs from Primary to Tertiary Education

2023-07-28 06:37:44 UTC

As time passes, it is getting more evident that access to quality education is increasingly becoming a privilege more than a right. With education costs increasing year after year, it would be of best interest for the government to subsidize the basic education costs of its citizens such as its tuition fees for more inclusive educational opportunities for everyone. The government should invest on producing well-educated citizens that would eventually become a helpful member of the workforce ultimately boosting its economic growth and development.

Legalizing Abortion

2023-07-28 06:43:20 UTC

Women have been subject to unexpected pregnancies, whether it be through unprotected intercourse or a result of sexual abuse. These pregnancies can prove to be detrimental to a woman's health and body and can (in grave situations) result in death. Moreover, there are instances wherein a woman or a couple acknowledges that they cannot sustain the needs of an infant due to economic reasons. In any case, women should be given the agency to choose if they wish to proceed with the pregnancy or not given their own circumstances.

Amending the Local Government Code of 1991

2023-07-28 06:43:29 UTC

If I were a member of Congress, I would move to pass for the amendment of our current Local Government Code to remedy its limitations that hinder effective governance on the ground.

In pursuing my undergraduate degree, I appreciate learning a lot about public administration, especially the relevance of local governments as the entities realistically closer to people. I believe in their potential contributions to Philippine society at large, if only they maintain a certain level of discipline, accountability, and commitment in the performance of their duties to their constituents. These institutions could help cure so many social ills, like the clientelistic system that persists; at the same time, the eradication of such problems could lead to more sustainable governance.

Ultimately, the strength of our national government is predicated on the combined capabilities of our local government units in all parts of the country—not only in enforcing orders from above, but more so in realizing the needs of their locality and creating initiatives that sufficiently address those demands.

Artificial Intelligence and Automation Regulations

2023-07-28 06:48:57 UTC

There is a need for a law to govern the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) as it continues to advance. Little is known about it so just like any other law, this must be studied in-depth. In coming up with this bill, the balance between innovation and social well-being must be carefully examined together with AI experts, researchers, and an international body governing such.

There are a lot to cover here including its impact on the workforce with a goal to promote the appropriate use of automation and AI technologies while reducing potential hazards.

In drafting the bill, the ethical use of AI must be crafted to guide its developers and users in their responsibility and thus, shall specify their liability in case of failure and accidents.

Given that it relies heavily on data, I also want to put emphasis to intricately curate a set of data privacy for this bill.

It shall also govern the [future] use of AI in healthcare, criminal justice, education, and the like, with highlights on issues such as data security, patient consent, and fairness in law enforcement.

An act legalizing divorce

2023-07-28 06:52:24 UTC

Marriage is an incredibly important milestone in life for many. A spiritual and religious act for many others that only ends in death of one of the parties. It ties two people together for life and only proof of psychological incapacity can separate the spouses in the most definite way by declaring their marriage void. Thus our current laws are more in line with religious doctrine and canon law instead of purely secular rules and laws. This act would allow divorce between consenting spouses and if sufficient evidence would point toward the separation of the spouses through divorce would protect the foundation of the family and wellbeing of the child (if any) and especially of the spouses.

An Act to Aid Victims of "Comfort Women"; JP-PH Relations; Education

2023-07-28 06:57:57 UTC

There is still a lot to cover about the history of comfort women in the Philippines, and with the nnumber of survivor-victims rapidly decreasing (dying due to old age), we may not be able to retrieve important information and such may be "extinct". Complete reparations cannot be fully extended; the horrors have taken place. But steps to aid the survivor-victims can be legislated, and such may include efforts to demand apology from the country-oppressor, programs to aid the remaining survivors, educational materials that feature this story (and perhaps include it in the curriculum).

An Act to Instate the Teaching of the History of the Martial Law as Part of the Basic Education Curriculum.

2023-07-28 07:19:42 UTC

Those who do not know their past are bound to repeat its mistakes. With the dawn of the Age of Information, the Filipino people have gained an extraordinary and unprecedented amount of information. The advent of the internet and smartphones have conveniently put these information at one's fingertips. However, as is apparent during the last election, blatant misinformation and historical distortion abound where there is a surplus of information that are unchecked and unverified. This act means to chronicle the events of Martial Law using primary sources like government documents and eye-witness testimonies, to secondary authors who have issued hindsight commentaries and publications on the same. This effort is made to combat the weathering of our nation's history and the whitewashing of the atrocities of the Marcos Regime. To achieve the same, it is important that such history should be included in the basic education of our youth, who are the hope of our nation, in the hopes that their education therein would cause them to be mindful of the dangers of authoritarianism and foster love for the democracy which we as a nation came so close to losing.

An Act Legalizing Abortion

2023-07-28 07:55:03 UTC

If I was part of the Legislature, I would make an effort in legislating pro-abortion provisions in the Philippines. The current circumstance of the women’s reproductive health in the Philippines is rife with unsafe and illegal abortion practices and post-abortion care that ultimately serve to deny women of their rights. This continues to perpetuate discrimination against women, by impeding their right to bodily autonomy. As a signatory to a number of international treaties committed to the preservation of human rights, specifically the CEDAW, it is only right for the legislature to finally decriminalize abortion and amend archaic provisions in the RPC.

An Act on Mandatory Education on Traffic Rules for Motorists

2023-07-28 08:38:32 UTC

Almost every day, motor accidents happen due to reckless motorists who do not follow the set traffic rules and regulations. I would like to create a law that focuses on educating all types of motorists on the traffic rules and regulations to be followed.

Similar to the legal field's MCLE, a seminar conducted yearly as a refresher for practicing lawyers, I would like to propose a law that ensures quarterly refresher courses mandatory for all motorists to complete in order to be on the road. By all motorists, I would like to include 2-wheeled, 3-wheeled, 4-wheeled, and even those who bring e-scooters on highways.

I believe that if a motorist would like to share the road, it is necessary for them to be aware of the traffic rules that vehicles are made to adhere to.

In addition, I do not want to forget about those who are to enforce the traffic laws. I have witnessed injustice and power-tripping by traffic officials and believe this practice has to end. This act will not only apply to motorists, but will have an equivalent required program for traffic enforcers to attend as well. This is to ensure that they are constantly reminded of their duty to be of service, and not prey on vulnerable drivers.

An Act Amending the Government Procurement Reform Act (GPRA)

2023-07-28 10:02:55 UTC

As my undergraduate thesis, I was able to uncover the various flaws and the unfortunate lack of transparency with regard to the country's government procurement system. Corruption can occur in almost aspect, and despite reforms and the establishment of the Government Procurement Policy Board (GPPB), there still remains issues and inconsistencies. Considering how procurement is necessary for the government to function, specifically on providing services to the public, such inconsistencies must be resolved to make sure the people's taxes are spent correctly.

An Act Legalizing Same Sex Union

2023-07-28 13:12:42 UTC

As an advocate for equality among Filipinos, I believe it is high time we legalize same sex union in the country. To clarify, what I am proposing is the legalization of same sex union and not of same sex marriage.

With this Act, I seek to allow same sex couples to enter into a civil union which would allow them access the same legal rights that heterosexual couples enjoy such as access to health information and visitation rights. I do believe it is high time the Congress passes a bill of this nature because times have changed and more individuals have been liberal in choosing their partners, regardless of gender.

In the same way that we have adopted new laws and amended older ones to adapt to the progress of our society, we must also recognize that there is a need for this law in the spirit of equality.

An Act Strengthening the Philippines' Yearly Earth Day

2023-07-28 13:53:17 UTC

Given the country's vulnerability to both natural and man-made calamities, this act will help execute a more intentional, innovative, and participatory approach to our yearly Earth Day celebration. As stated in the Presidential Proclamation 1481, signed by former President Macapagal Arroyo, this seeks to raise awareness on the Philippines' environmental degradation. With this new law, it will allow the Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR) with more resources so as to spearhead and formulate a nation-wide plan of activities for the said event. More so, this will be in coordination with schools and generally, the workforce, as they incorporate the Earth Day celebration in their respective discussions and efforts.

Universal adaption and recognition of SOGIE Rights in the Workplace

2023-07-28 14:57:19 UTC

Companies in the Philippines are not required by any law to implement policies that uphold the SOGIE rights of their workers. As this remains to be a private sector-led initiative, the LBTQIA+ community in the workforce do not enjoy safeguards that guarantee the accommodation and respect of such companies for their rights. Passing such a law may promote a more widespread implementation of SOGIE policies.

So Long Vatican City: An Act enabling Divorce

2023-07-28 16:36:55 UTC

In my previous discussion board, along with many other of my peers, we have claimed to stand for the legalization of divorce. I reiterate again that this is the one law I would want to see passed the most. In a dysfunctional family, everyone suffers- and not being able to escape from that fate is nothing short of cruel, and unjust. I'll say no more on the matter, and let the rest of the world having divorce legalized speak for itself.

Divorce Law

2023-07-28 17:19:24 UTC

Such as what others have already published, one law I would enact is a Divorce law. Contrary to the rest of the world, the Philippines, bar the Vatican, is the only country to not have divorce as part of the jurisdiction. The only similar law/s regarding separation of two individuals from a marriage is Annulment and Nullity of Marriage which voids the marriage of two persons. One factor as to why the country lacks any Divorce law is due to constant pressure from the Catholic side of the country, given that the nation is primarily Roman Catholic, which upholds the sanctity of marriage. I believe that although I agree that marriage is an absolute sanctity which needs to be respected and upheld, there are cases wherein a divorce is necessary due to factors such as marital abuse, differences, and implications towards children.

Anti Political Dynasty

2023-07-28 19:31:55 UTC

If I were given a chance to propose a law, I would propose the anti-political dynasty law.

Political dynasties refer to a family that has members involved in multiple official positions or are involved in politics. During my undergraduate studies, I have researched that the proliferation of political dynasties in the political arena of the Philippines contributes to the spread of corruption due to the lack of checks and balances and an abuse of power. Although the anti political dynasty is stated in Article II, Section 26 of the Constitution, there is a lack of regulation in accordance with the law. Aside from this, the multiple attempts of passing the Anti Political Dynasty Bill to prohibit and regulate these officials has been unsuccessful to this day.

With this, there is a need to implement the anti political dynasty law to strengthen good governance and mitigate the spread of corruption and abuse of power.

An Act Requiring Bachelor's Degree for Elected Government Positions

2023-07-28 23:17:11 UTC

It is difficult to find a job that has a quality working environment that pays well because they usually require a 4-year degree program and some years of experience. If regular citizens are subject to this standard, then elected government positions should also be subject to the same treatment, especially since they are tasked with upholding and protecting the rights of Filipinos.

An Act to Establish the country's own Planned Parenthood

2023-07-29 00:51:52 UTC

Planned Parenthood in the United States offers free or low-cost reproductive and sexual healthcare services. As a predominantly Catholic country, there are judgments from the community surrounding sex so it has been one of the hurdles in creating an organization that would provide reproductive healthcare. However, judgment does not remove the act itself and as such, the country needs to provide healthcare services to prevent other issues such as abortion using illegal remedies and the spread of STDs.

Esports Recognition and Regulation Act

2023-07-29 10:02:08 UTC

Purpose: to officially recognize esports as a legitimate sport and establish regulatory frameworks to support its growth, development, and integrity.

I would like to establish a national Esports Commission to oversee and regulate the industry. They shall be responsible for developing and enforcing rules, anti-doping plans, and to establish a standard for fair competition.

It's high time that we recognize esports as an industry where children of the future can rely on for money and entertainment alike.

Police Reform and Community Trust Act

2023-07-30 02:33:42 UTC

The primary goal of this proposed act is to strengthen trust and enhance the relationship between law enforcement agencies and the communities they serve. The ultimate aim is to decrease instances of police violence, particularly in low-income areas. Key provisions of the law include but are not limited to ending qualified immunity, implementing police training about de-escalation techniques, and requiring officers to have body cameras for accountability. To ensure that the act is carried out effectively and monitor the progress of the execution of the act, an administrative body would have to be established.

Electoral Standards Act: An Act Imposing Additional Qualifications to Local and National Electoral Candidates

2023-07-30 03:58:55 UTC

The act is simple, I would establish a set of of additional qualifications to electoral candidates.

The rationale for this proposal is that, it is time to limit our representative democracy, although this might be controversial and not an open idea to some, notwithstanding that fact, I am resolved in my belief that too much democracy actually hurt our country.

Of course I could not ascertain as of the moment those qualifications, but with the help of the proper committees and researchers, we will be able to pin on what qualifications should be added may it be educational, or moral, or whatever we could come up with.

The point is, narrowing our electorates' choice by putting up qualifications for much more competent politicians, as our team would identify, will not only lead to a better election results but would also encourage competent leaders; since through this act, there will be people who will be unqualified to run for public office, thus making those unable to (run for public office) - aspire to be better individuals according to the standards that will be established by our act.

An Act Increasing the Penalties for Sexual Harrasment

2023-07-30 05:00:57 UTC

As of date, RA 7877 Anti-Sexual Harassment Act of 1995 penalizes offenders by imprisonment of not less than one month nor more than six months, or a fine of not less than ten thousand pesos nor more than twenty thousand pesos, or both such fine and imprisonment at the discretion of the court. However, I believe that these penalties should be raised. Victims suffer from trauma that cannot be compensated with money — especially when such amount is that low. Lives are ruined while the culprits simply go on with their lives after a couple of amends. Justice can be served better through a law that increases not only their fine, but also their imprisonment.

Divorce

2023-07-30 12:05:19 UTC

Through the cases we've read in the Landmark cases of Module 3 it is clear that there is a difficulty present in trying to annul a case.

While we take pride in our adherence to Catholicism, it should be noted that we have to look towards the future. There is no reason for us to not have divorce to this day. Divorce would provide a straightforward means to terminate marital failure. This would protect our citizenry and the family lives of each as divorcees would be given a 2nd chance at marriage. If tradition is the only thing that bars us from having better means to protect the people then we should face that it is not a well-founded tradition. I believe that the welfare of the Filipino is far more important than this traditionalist point-of-view.

Urban Renewal and Sustainable Cities Act

2023-07-30 12:39:09 UTC

The Urban Renewal and Sustainable Cities Act is essential to solve the serious issues brought on by the Philippines' fast urbanization. In order to reduce traffic, encourage effective public transportation, and lower pollution in cities that are expanding exponentially, it is crucial to give top priority to important areas like transportation and traffic control. In order to guarantee that marginalized people have access to better living circumstances, necessary services, and inclusion into urban life, the legislation also wants to focus on slum upgrading and informal settlements. It will improve pedestrian infrastructure and encourage healthy lifestyles to place a strong emphasis on the creation of walkable cities. Furthermore, the act seeks to create more recreational areas, such as parks and public spaces, to enhance the overall quality of life for residents, encourage community engagement, and preserve green spaces amidst urbanization. By combining these elements, the act aims to foster sustainable and people-centered urban planning, creating vibrant, resilient, and livable cities for present and future generations.

Mahusay na Lingkod-Bayan Act

2023-07-30 17:39:47 UTC

If I were a legislator, I would propose a bill that aims to level up the competency of public elected officials by requiring them to undergo the same processes required by law for aspiring civil servants, just like taking and passing the career service examination, at the very least. This would ensure the professionalization of the government by "[adopting] measures to promote morale, efficiency, integrity, responsiveness, progressiveness, and courtesy" among its officials (Phil. Const., art. IX, § 3).

Elected public officials must set the standards of public service. It is very unfair for them to demand from their subordinates qualifications that they themselves do not even possess. This, in essence, makes public offices prone to abuse, contradicting the constitutional principle of the accountability of public officers that requires, among others, serving the people with "utmost responsibility, integrity, loyalty, and efficiency" (Id., art. XI, § 1). Anyway, whether they like it or not, assuming public office in itself practically requires some degree of familiarity with bureaucratic processes and technical knowledge.

While some might express some hesitations with respect to this proposal's constitutionality, which is valid, I firmly believe that the Congress can go as far as amending the Constitution in order to finally make it possible to accommodate reforms that shall strengthen our country's democracy, not just procedurally but also substantially, and ultimately give our people the government that truly deserves their trust and their taxes.

Laws that improve the healthcare system (and consequently, moderating the negative impacts of nursing migration)

2023-08-03 17:08:08 UTC

If I were a member of Congress, I would push for laws that would provide more opportunities for our Filipino nurses to serve in the Philippines. The COVID-19 pandemic has shown us that there is a need for a better health-care system in the country, and that would not exist without properly compensated nurses and health workers. Aside from having laws that increase their salaries and benefits, there should also be more focus on nurse retention through the provision of more opportunities for further education and training. There should be laws that encourage more investments by the government in public-private partnerships in healthcare, especially in the area of human resource management and capacity-building efforts. Along with these changes, there should be a cultural shift that can motivate nurses to serve in the country--- and that could be through a well-balanced school curriculum that does not focus on pushing nurses to migrate. Through these laws, Filipinos, especially those in far-flung areas, can gradually benefit from a quality health care system. I say "gradually" because one law won't solve everything in a click of a finger. I hope that congress would continue to establish policies that advocate for a better health-care system. And more importantly, they should also find ways for the whole of society to contribute to this goal as well.

An Act Decriminalizing and Regulating Abortion

2023-08-04 22:29:58 UTC

If I were a member of Congress, one law that I would propose to enact would be to decriminalize and regulate safe abortion in the Philippines.

As some have already put forth before me, safe abortion should be an available option for Filipinos. Women should have full autonomy over their bodies and the right to access safe abortion services and information, especially during cases of high-risk pregnancies, fetal impairment, or rape. Furthermore, they must also have access to humane post-abortion care.

Under current circumstances, without measures ensuring that such are in place, we only run the risk of having women who are left with no choice but to turn to abortion under unsafe conditions due to fear of social stigma, high-cost of medical care, and potential legal prosecution.

While I understand those who oppose under grounds of morality, I believe that overall the choice must belong to women on whether or not they want to go through with the pregnancy.

Beautification Act

2024-07-11 04:59:47 UTC

The country's main capital is among the most unpleasantly looking in the world. Just walking around the city, there is much to avoid when it comes to looking around. Poorly painted buildings, cracked walls, broken roads, dustiness and the like contribute to why our cities are so ugly. A lack of greenery and nature parks are obvious in the Metro Manila area. This sets a need for a systematic beautification.

The law will require a larger budget and concrete uses for the budget to tackle the aspects of our cities that are ugly. Repainting, regular cleaning of roads and spaces with improved materials, removal of unnecessary eye sores, and fixing of broken spaces. The budget will accomodate as well for building of nature parks around the cities. This will give people a place to stay instead of loitering. It will be clean and filled with beautiful trees, plants and waters.

An Act to Expand Republic Act No. 7277, as Amended, Otherwise Known as the Magna Carta for Persons With Disability

2024-07-11 12:16:40 UTC

I would enact a law that would guarantee the protection of PWDs’ rights in pre-employment.

The law shall include provisions that (1) mandate employers to use specific standards for assessment designed to evaluate a PWD applicant’s skills and qualifications from that of an applicant with no disability and (2) prohibit employers from unreasonably compelling applicants to disclose their disability or medical history in the application process.

PWDs form part of a vulnerable sector in society, with their potential and abilities often being overlooked. Thus, it is crucial to provide ways to ensure that their livelihood opportunities and overall integration into mainstream society are not closed off due to any form of bias.

An Act Empowering Small Farmers

2024-07-12 04:02:33 UTC

While the Rice Tariffication Law (RTL) aimed to give our farmers support, that is not the reality. With the recent pronouncement of lowering tariffs for imported rice in order to meet the demand, small farmers are set to suffer the brunt of the blow.

This act would include provisions that would truly assist small farmers by providing them with training in using more modern technologies, subsidizing such technology, seeds, and fertilizers, and facilitating a farmer-centric farm to table route.

Review and Enforcement of Existing Laws

2024-07-12 04:44:39 UTC

The proposed laws enumerated in this board is already overlapping and addresses numerous social ills in the country. However, it is common to observe a ‘gap’ between what was planned and what actually occurs as a result of policy implementation. there are proposed laws here that already exist and most are pending in the Legislative for hearing. The most substantial challenges to the governmentʼs law enforcement response were reported to be inadequate enforcement and under-resourcing of government officials tasked with policy implementation. These challenges created a disconnect between policy objectives and performance in practice. This is something that the us future lawyer should keep an eye on. And not only to study its construction and analysis as it applies to the people.

An act providing for national industrialization, appropriating funds therefor.

2024-07-12 18:59:22 UTC

This proposed law will finally pivot the country into a truly self-sufficient one, by building our economy and industries from the ground up. The first goal would be to effect genuine land reform to the poorest farmers by redistributing land from unjustly big landowners.

Anti-political Dynasty Law

2024-07-13 01:18:14 UTC

The Philippines has long been suffering from political dynasties. Elections in the Philippines fail to be competitive due to political families dominating the elections. The existence of political dynasties compromises the quality of democracy and even more so the quality of life of Filipinos. political dynasties concentrate the power on families thus weakening the legitimacy of the government. Therefore, there is a need to have legislation that addresses political dynasties and their detrimental effects on the country and our democracy.

Section 26, Article II of the 1987 Constitution states that “The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law” is not self-executing and thus requires a legislative act of Congress.

Political power should not be monopolized in the hands of certain families to ensure the quality of government and democracy of the country.

AI Ethics and Accountability Act

2024-07-13 05:57:18 UTC

AI is a field that is fast-emerging, and a lot of huge businesses and government institutions see interest in investing in them. However, AI does not come out of nowhere, instead, it relies heavily on available data, and the Data Privacy Act poses as the cornerstone of AI Regulation in the Philippines. As a major addition, I would propose an AI Ethics and Accountability Act, focusing on Regulatory Oversight and Governance to ensure transparency and accountability.

This legislation will focus on:

• Establishing AI regulatory body to oversee ethical development and deployment of AI technologies

• Conduct regular audits of the AI models, ensuring it minimizes discrimination towards individuals.

This would also prevent corruption through its development, making sure that the use cases of the AI are fair, unbiased, and ethical.

2024-07-13 09:17:59 UTC

While currently the laws and their implementation are wanting, the enactment of new laws may lead to weaker implementation of said new laws in addition to the current ones we have. Rather than moving towards stronger implementation and enactment. The current laws are also in need to amendment to tackle also growing inerprepations and needs of the people in the country, at the same time, there has to be some change in the way we not only implement laws but enforce them. While I do not advocate for a policed and stricter state, it would be good that the laws we have are implemented not only properly but enforced well. As while we say that we have the laws here, we do not practice as a fact of life.

Climate Action and Sustainability Act

2024-07-13 10:21:26 UTC

This law would aim to address climate change through comprehensive environmental reform; it would aim to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, promote renewable energy, and encourage sustainable practices across various sectors. The act would also provide incentives for the adoption of renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, and geothermal, including tax credits, grants, and subsidies for individuals and businesses investing in these technologies.

The act would mandate stricter energy efficiency standards for buildings, vehicles, and appliances. It would also support research and development in green technologies and sustainable practices to encourage innovation in sectors such as agriculture, transportation, and manufacturing.

This legislation would not only address the immediate threats posed by climate change but also promote long-term economic growth and public health benefits through the transition to a greener economy.

An Act Safeguarding, Restructuring, and Building Public Parks, and Open and Green Spaces

2024-07-13 17:10:51 UTC

This act will focus on the premise that open and green spaces create a conducive and safe environment for individuals and communities. Thus this act aims to safeguard current public parks, open and green spaces, restructure current public parks and open spaces to be more green, and build back unused public areas to be open and green spaces.

There are existing municipal ordinances, public office initiatives, privately funded green projects, and public parks. But, there is a neglect towards proper planning with public parks and open and green spaces as a focal point of community-building and urban sustainability. As a member of Congress, it is vital that I create a legislature that Filipinos not only read about, but see in their communities. The people of the Philippines shall experience holistic living in safe and conducive spaces. With this act, we can actualize proven positive impacts on physical health, mental health, community building, lower crime index, social cohesion and inclusion, and cultural togetherness, according to Forest Foundation Philippines.

Together with the DENR, DENR – BMB, and local municipalities, this Act hopes to transcend Filipino community-building and sustainable planning bound by communal public parks that are open and green.

An Act Including Voter's Education in the Curriculum

2024-07-13 18:15:41 UTC

Education is a powerful tool to inform and empower the next generation. It is through this that we learn from the mistakes of the past. As such, it is equally important to inform the next generation of their rights and their responsibility as a future voter. Students should begin to understand the weight of their decisions in the future of the country. Through the inclusion of voter's education in the curriculum, students should learn about: (1) their right to vote, (2) qualifications of elected officials, (3) responsibilities of elected officials, (4) branches of the government and its basic functions, (5) Dos and Don'ts during the campaign and voting period, and (6) How to properly cast a vote. While it can be argued that this can be taught or organized by SK officials or the baranggay officials, its inclusion in the education curriculum would allow the students to delve into this topic deeper.

An Act to Develop Disaster Finance for Farmers

2024-07-13 20:55:28 UTC

The Philippines is among the most disaster-risk countries in the world. With the rate that climate change is progressing, more natural hazards are expected to hit the country. This affects the livelihood of many Filipinos, especially farmers. Farmers have a pattern of borrowing agriculture credit at times of drought and calamities. However, the agriculture market is not performing as expected. Many formal institutions are hesitant to lend to farmers because of operational and default risks, even in spite of the mandate of the Agri-Agra Reform Credit Act.

Agricultural insurance is one of the most heavily subsidized program in the world. However, the effectivity can only be assured with proper targeting. There is low formal credit demand from small farmers due to tedious requirements, cumbersome application processes, high interest rates and misaligned policies. This act aims to develop disaster insurance to better support the needs of farmers and promote financial inclusion in the rural communities. By working alongside farmer cooperatives and the private sector, the act develops a disaster insurance program that is inclusive and grounded in the needs of farmers to ensure that financial services are suited for the less privileged communities.

An Act Providing Amnesty towards Aliens Illegally-residing in the Republic of the Philippines

2024-07-14 00:26:22 UTC

Illegal immigration has been a growing point of contention for the past years. In the national security aspect, Aliens have been found to be connected with illegal crime and drug syndicates or espionage programs of other countries to name a few -- all of which have been detrimental to the wellbeing of the country's security and safety. However, this cannot be generalized for ALL Aliens residing in the country. Some of which have migrated here in search of a better life or security from their former country.

In line with this, the Alien Amnesty Act intends to provide a 6-month filing period from the date of enactment of this law for all illegal Aliens to present themselves to the Bureau of Immigration for the processing of their papers. Illegal aliens, as well as their family members (if they are not Filipino citizens as per Section I, Article IV of the 1987 Constitution), will have to prove all the following to the Bureau of Immigration:

(1) No pending case in their country of origin

(2) No pending case in the courts of the Philippines

(3) A declaration that they are able to speak at least 1 (one) other Philippine Language besides Filipino.

(4) Other requirements indicated in Sections 4 and 5 of R.A. 7919 (Alien Social Integration Act)

If any one (1) of the requirements are not met within the time period, then the alien will be subject to deportation proceedings and fined Php. 100,000.00.

If all requirements are met, then the alien in question will be formally allowed into the naturalization process, subject to all relevant laws on the matter.

It is absolutely crucial for our country to view Filipino citizenship as one of the greatest treasures a Filipino can have. Likewise, Filipino citizenship cannot be unlawfully nor deceivingly acquired -- as this poses a danger to our culture and security. It is therefore the imperative of the state, in a just manner, to give a chance to those who truly seek Filipino citizenship but have been unable to do so for the time being.

Divorce

2024-07-14 05:04:24 UTC

As someone who grew up in a Catholic family, separation of spouses has always been looked down upon, and sermons during masses would often ignore the root causes of why spouses separate. Being exposed to different realities of life made me realize that divorce is not a bad thing and does not necessarily destroy a family. I have heard of spouses who are tortured or abused by their partners, yet the remedy of divorce cannot be enforced because our country is predominantly Catholic. Therefore, I would like to propose a law that advocates for the well-being of spouses who are physically and emotionally battered by their partners.

An act equalizing the laws of concubinage and adultery

2024-07-14 08:39:09 UTC

There is a huge disparity between these 2 laws. The latter has heavier consequences in terms of penalties than the former. Adultery may also be seen as easier to prove than the other based on its elements listed down under Articles 333 and 334 of the Revised Penal Code. Some jurisprudence already discussed the reason behind it. The ability of women to be pregnant and the possibility of the father being another man without the husband knowing is one of those reasons. Nonetheless, other countries have already updated their laws regarding this. Most have decriminalized it while others such as selected states in the United States punishes persons who committed this crime equally regardless of their gender. As we move forward and understand the importance of gender equality, it maybe possible to also update the laws prohibiting that. Lastly, this may be feasible since there are already existing medical advancements such as DNA testing that can address the reason why there is a disparity between the said laws.

Amendments to E.O. No. 209 otherwise known as the Family Code of the Philippines.

2024-07-14 08:45:06 UTC

With the improvements to science and technology, we have made significant achievements to combat infertility. However, our laws seem to lag behind. While the family code acknowledges in vitro fertilization and likewise grants legitimacy those born out of such scientific procedure, it does not consider surrogacy as within its scope. It labels surrogate children as children born out of wedlock despite the existence of a valid surrogacy contract. Thus, if I were a member of Congress, I would propose the following amendment to the Family Code, to wit:

Art. 164. Children conceived or born during the marriage of the parents are legitimate.

Children conceived as a result of artificial insemination of the wife with the sperm of the husband or that of a donor or both are likewise legitimate children of the husband and his wife, provided, that both of them authorized or ratified such insemination in a written63

instrument executed and signed by them before the birth of the child. The instrument shall be recorded in the civil registry together with the birth certificate of the child. (55a, 258a)

Children conceived as a result of Surrogacy arrangements are likewise legitimate

children of the husband and his wife, provided that, both of them, along with the

surrogate mother, authorized or ratified such insemination in a written instrument

executed and signed by them before the birth of the child. The instrument shall be

recorded in the civil registry together with the birth certificate of the child.

Surrogate children must be protected and granted legitimacy.

An Act Providing Protection to Freelancers

2024-07-14 10:29:15 UTC

The gig economy is an emerging segment of the labor industry in the Philippines. It has not only been shaped by the pandemic, but also taken advantage of by various employers seeking a flexible work arrangement with members of the labor force in order to reduce costs and maximize profitability. However, due to the absence of the employee-employer relationship, the workers engaged in this arrangement, commonly deemed as freelancers, are often subject to exploitation and undue work conditions. While they can seek remedies and are governed by the Civil Code by virtue of their contracts, their recognition in the labor landscape must be addressed as they are, at the end of the day, renderers of labor. Examples of these types of workers include virtual assistants and delivery riders, who have not only clamored for more benefits and protection, but have faced difficulty in the justice system for them to get what they deserve. By pursuing this Act, these freelancers will be able to speedily avail of legal remedies by recognizing them as laborers rather than individuals with self-businesses.

An Act Legalizing Divorce

2024-07-14 14:26:52 UTC

If I were a legislator, I would push forth the legalization of Divorce in the Philippines. This is mainly for three reasons. First, it's high time we have it as an option for couples in violent and abusive relationships. Second, we already have annulment - which is costly and it takes a long time. Lastly, it isn't the "destroyer of marriages" as many claim it to be. It gives a way out for people who want peace in their lives, who feel stuck in marriages that no longer serve them good, and more than anything, it gives individuals the chance to heal and grow outside the marriage.

An Act Requiring Government Officials to have Relevant Educational Background and Experience

2024-07-14 14:27:55 UTC

I would propose that individuals are only to become prospective and suitable candidates for certain government positions only if they have the relevant education and experience in the relevant field that an agency handles. For example, the Department of Education should be headed by an educator, not someone else.

This would ensure that government agencies are being properly led by appropriate individuals who know what their department is concerned about.

An Act Regulating the Operations of Voluntary Internships within Organizations, Entities, and Companies, to name a few, in the Private Sector in the Philippines

2024-07-14 14:39:15 UTC

This is actually my proposed bill in my legal management thesis (see attached link to my thesis) that is focused on the legal issue wherein voluntary internships are not regulated by any labor laws in the country. Voluntary internships are very rampant recently especially when the pandemic started. There are a lot of openings that are available to either full face to face, online, or hybrid setup, making it enticing to the current generation of college students. Additionally, unlike student organizations, voluntary internships provide them with allowances, on top of the experiences in the professional world, especially in the corporate setting. However, nothing in our current labor laws indicates any regulation on its execution nor safeguards to the interns. Unfortunately, employers circumvent the law to their advantage. For instance, they regularly employ interns, sometimes unpaid, for only six months and then do this again continuously, avoiding the need to regularize them as employees. This is where exploitation happens.

Provided this, I am hopeful that this proposed bill of mine will protect voluntary interns and still let them, the interns and the employers, continue ripping the benefits of voluntary internships.

An act that protects intellectual property rights amidst the use non-licensed content in generative AI models

2024-07-14 16:17:09 UTC

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) has taken the world of technology, education, and art by storm, there is a growing debate on ownership regarding AI creations -- one which the Court must ultimately decide on to protect the value of original work made by artists, writers, and small busineses.

The issue that this act would seek to resolve is a matter of whether the current laws we have on copyright, patent, and trademark infringement can even apply to AI-generated work and how we can safeguard unlicensed works from being used in the training of AI models.

An Abortion Law

2024-07-14 19:22:08 UTC

The circumstances around reproductive health in the Philippines, specifically women's reproductive health, is still controversial, given the opposition of the Catholic Church and the general taboo regarding sex. Given this, a law allowing abortion should be passed because women have a right to bodily autonomy, and it would allow for safe abortions, thus likely reducing the number of those who seek out unsafe procedures. Alongside this, the law should also include post-abortion care and preventive care, as well as a way to remove the barriers that allow women, specifically those in disadvantaged areas, to access the care that they need.

Amend reckless imprudence resulting in homicide and damage to property

2024-07-15 12:19:19 UTC

The recent case of an unauthorized motorcycle entering Skyway and colliding with a passenger vehicle that caused the death of the motorcycle rider was not an isolated case regarding our traffic laws. As it currently stands, the driver of the vehicle who had caused death, injury, or damage to the property regardless if the driver was not at fault will be the one to take accountability for the accident.

This is why, if I were a member of Congress, I would amend such rules so that further investigations will proceed and the police will not automatically press charges against innocent drivers. Pressing charges against an unfaulty driver is counterproductive because (1) they did not even intend to cause the accident (2) it is not their fault that the accident happened (3) they too experienced damages. This act will protect drivers who obediently and responsibly follow the rules and regulations of the road.

An Act Legalizing Same Sex Marriage and enhancing protections for Common Law Marriages

2024-07-15 20:20:56 UTC

I would like to see the legalization of Same Sex marriage. As of now, there are little to no protection for same sex couples. From owning joint property to raising children together, the law is heavily biased against LGBT+ couples who wish to be legally recognized. However, in allowing civil unions for same sex couples , it would only be right to expand the rights of common law marriages, ensuring that all stakeholders involved are protected under the law.

In doing so, this can ensure that the rights of minorities continue to be expanded. It also enables the state to recognize marriage partner rights beyond the conventional as stated in the Family Code.

An Act Sanctioning Political Dynasties

2024-07-16 02:33:57 UTC

As the Supreme Court has expressed their notion on Congress passing such law, this stresses the urgency and importance to have such law in place in order to improve the service delivery and political landscape in the Philippines. There is still a need to define what is a political dynasty per se; Hence, this is not a form of attack against families who want to serve but to address situations wherein only the name recall puts one in power, instead of actual qualifications and work. At the same time, it addresses the unfair and inherent advantage of a family name and tendencies to monopolize the political seats.

An Act Strengthening the Implementation of the Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) in the Philippines

2024-07-16 09:44:39 UTC

The implementation of the Comprehensive Sexuality Education (CSE) in the Philippines is severely important, especially in a country where the rate of teenage pregnancy is ever increasing. While several initiatives have aimed to resolve this issue, implementing CSE faces numerous challenges, including insufficient resources in schools and inadequate training for instructors to effectively integrate sex education into the curriculum. As such, if I were a member of Congress, I would like to enact a law that strengthens the implementation of the CSE in the Philippine education system. It is not enough to provide access to contraceptives; while that in itself is a necessary remedy, that is merely a band-aid solution. In addressing a problem, we have to tackle the root cause which, in the case of the Philippines, is the lack of knowledge regarding sex.

There is a misconception surrounding the implementation of sex education, which falsely suggests that the program teaches students how to have sex. However, this is not the case. Sex education provides students with accurate information, helps to destigmatize the topic, and reduces the risks associated with teenage pregnancy and discrimination against it. It also encourages teenagers and young adults to make informed and responsible decisions involving sexual activities.

Repeal Article 266-C of the Revised Penal Code, wherein a rapist can be extinguished from criminal liability if they marry their victim

2024-07-16 10:02:13 UTC

The marriage of a rapist and their victim should not be grounds for the former’s extinguishment of their criminal liability. Rape, whether it happened inside or outside marriage, is rape. No marriage contract should extinguish it. Additionally, it is contrary from the concept of rape as a public crime. Public crimes, even though the offended already forgave the offender, are crimes that can still be tried by the State.

Enhanced Indigenous Person (IP) Culture and Tradition Preservation Act

2024-07-16 15:06:04 UTC

What is Philippine culture? This is a question that many people do not really have the answer to. In fact, different people say different things because of the plethora of cultures that populate the nation. It is important for Filipinos to, not simply be aware but rather, be educated on the various cultures that indigenous people (IPs) have in the country. Yes, there are is a Republic Act that already promotes the preservation of the culture of IPs, however it is important for Filipinos to be able to appreciate them and promote them. Such an Act could lead to the development of new forms of livelihood, and cultural appreciation and exchanges. Aside from this, many of these cultures, such as their literature and art, some of which are even forgotten due to the method in which they were passed on, if at all. It is important for the government to create means in which to preserve these cultures and traditions with the help of historians, literary experts and other qualified professionals, to work with the IPs and make them know the importance of their culture, as well as the importance of its preservation for future generations, as well as the general public, to appreciate and to love

An Act to Rehabilitate Public Parks and Historical Shrines in the Philippines

2024-07-17 06:48:09 UTC

Public parks and historical shrines such the Quezon City Memorial Park, more commonly known as "Quezon City Circle", and the Rizal Memorial Park, more commonly known as "Luneta" are among the many public parks in the Philippines. These public parks were developed as shrines for important and pivotal events in the country's history.

However, feedback from both locals and tourists provide that public parks in the Philippines are poorly maintained and managed by their respective local governments. As a comparison with neighboring countries, public parks and historical shrines in the Philippines often tend to be polluted, unclean, and unsupervised. In Taiwan, the Chiang Kai Shek Memorial, though surrounded by buildings and private infrastructure, provides clean walkways, lush greenery, and peaceful ambiance to tourists and visitors. In Korea, the Gyeongbokgung Palace is being well-monitored by guards and officers.

If maintained well, these public parks and historical shrines could add additional revenue to for the country by attracting more visits both local and foreign tourists. Moreover, a walk in a peaceful, clean, and well-maintained park can could uplift the spirits of both local and foreign tourists. These shrines deserve proper attention and adequate funds for better maintenance and management.

An act requiring teaching finance subjects in the Philippines in High School

2024-07-17 07:16:28 UTC

Financial literacy remains to be one of issues that hinder financial inclusion here in the Philippines. Teaching concepts of finance such as investment options and how to manage money properly in high school can be a good foundation in widening financial inclusion in the Philippines. Teaching finance topics can also prevent Filipinos from being further victimized by scams.

An Act Amending CARPER

2024-07-17 14:09:47 UTC

While CARPER was enacted as a means to extend the already existing agrarian reform law (CARP), it still failed to address the fundamental issues of its predecessor. CARPER essentially extended the deadline of transferring the ownership of the agricultural lands to the farmers, but it was unable to provide a sustainable outline of how it can ensure the capacity of the farmers to maintain the land. It is one thing to own the land, but an altogether different topic on how to maintain and till the land. The latter would require capital for the seeds, fertilizer, workers, and other pertinent fees. If a farmer suddenly transitioned from being a worker to an owner who is not capacitated, the transferring of the ownership was worthless. True agrarian reform involves capacitating the farmers to be able to afford and maintain their land—that the land may be productive and be their main of sustenance in the long run.

Artificial Intelligence (AI) Copyright Protection Bill

2024-07-18 12:05:16 UTC

If I were a legislator, I would create an Artificial Intelligence (AI) Copyright Protection Bill pursuant to Article XIV Section 13 of the 1987 Constitution which provides that the State “shall protect and secure the exclusive rights of scientists, inventors, artists, and other gifted citizens to their intellectual property and creations, particularly when beneficial to the people, for such period as may be provided by law.”

Artificial intelligence (AI) tools have been gaining popularity due to its ability to produce works within mere minutes, if not seconds. Though the use of AI in facial authentication, search engines, and social media post suggestions afford people with more efficient ways to work and accomplish their goals, there has been a rising focus on AI’s ability to produce written and visual works and how it exploits the work of actual creators without approval, authorization, and, more often than not, compensation.

 The Artificial Intelligence (AI) Copyright Protection Bill would delineate which works fall under original art versus those by AI and determine the unauthorized use of existing work in AI tools as copyright infringement. Moreover, it would advocate for greater transparency in the creation of AI tools such as directing AI developers to disclose training data used. Finally, it would establish a regulatory body that will serve as an avenue for monitoring and preventing unauthorized use of original work by AI.

An Act Governing Cryptocurrencies

2024-07-18 13:10:50 UTC

Although the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas has issued Circular No. 944 providing guidelines for Virtual Currency Exchanges, and Securities and Exchange Commission occasionally warns investors through advisories regarding the use of cryptocurrencies—there is still no enacted law specifically pertaining to cryptocurrencies. Hence, I would like to propose a law that would comprehensively govern and further regulate cryptocurrencies and the crypto space in the Philippines.

Cryptocurrency, particularly crypto-earning video games, boomed in the Philippines during the height of the pandemic. Specifically, Axie Infinity and Pixels are some examples of crypto-earning video games that gained popularity in the country. According to the game developers of Pixels, “30 percent of the world’s crypto-earning video gamers are based in the Philippines” (Tan, 2024). Furthermore, crypto transactions in the country increased 70% from September and October 2023, based on data from the research firm Chainalysis. This growth could also be attributed to popular digital wallet services, GCash and PayMaya, which are widely utilized by Filipinos. These services have integrated and facilitated crypto exchanges within their applications, making it easier for citizens to access and transact using cryptocurrencies. These statistical data and involvement of major companies proves that more Filipinos are increasingly venturing into crypto space. Ergo, it is necessary to facilitate and regulate the growing market involving the digital currency.

The Act Governing Cryptocurrencies would address the long-standing issues and risks associated with the aforesaid currency, such as scams and market manipulation. Firstly, the law would provide a comprehensive legal framework that would guide investors, consumers, and businesses regarding the legality of cryptocurrencies, distinguishing between legal and illegal practices. Moreover, the law would also ensure the protection of consumers and investors. It is widely known that the cryptocurrency market inherently involves high volatility and risk—making it prone to financial losses. Hence, this law could help reassure Filipinos that their investments and transactions are safe and regulated.

The regulation of cryptocurrencies and their market would also help hinder and combat financial crimes (e.g., fraud and money laundering) which poses risks affecting its users and their investments. Additionally, it would provide a framework for integrating cryptocurrencies into our traditional financial systems, thereby expanding the scope of usability of such currencies in the country.

Source:

Oi, R. (2023). Understanding Cryptocurrency Regulations in the Philippines. Fintech. https://fintechnews.ph/57859/crypto/understanding-cryptocurrency-regulations-in-the-philippines/
Tan, E. (2024). What Meltdown? Crypto Comes Roaring Back in the Philippines. The New York Times. https://www.nytimes.com/2024/03/18/technology/crypto-video-games-philippines.html

An Act Institutionalizing E-Governance

2024-07-18 13:41:46 UTC

In this modern world, it is sad that the Philippine Government remains to waste the benefits of technology in providing its citizens with services and information. Today, almost all of government transactions in the country remains paper based. When one needs to apply for a government ID, Filipinos still have to sign up a long application forms onsite. This process only creates a lot of paper waste when storing of information is still in an online database. It is also a waste of time since sometimes people would need an entire day just to obtain documents from the government.

If there is an institutionalized e-government system where people could easily schedule their transactions with the government, there would be an improve flow of services from the government to the citizens. It would also create better accessibility to government systems because the people could access government services any time and anywhere. For instance, when applying for government scholarships, students would no longer need to spend an entire day in a government office as they could already submit their application online. Through an e-governance system, there would also be improved efficiency in doing government work. Government officials will have less paperwork with the help of digital systems. In addition, an e-governance system will be advantageous for the economy. A lot of foreign investors are hesitant on entering our markets because they are afraid of the inefficient government services in the country. With an e-governance system, they can access information easier.

However, in creating a law on e-governance, it is necessary that the law would also ensure the digital divide will be lessen. One way of doing this is by creating internet hotspots in baranggay halls to ensure that people would be able to access government services even when they do not have internet in their homes. Also, the government must also ensure that they have a system that could protect government information from cyber attacks and hacking.

An e-government system has a lot of potential in improving government systems and ensuring accessibility in this modern world.

Amendment on Bereavement Leave Act of 2019

2024-07-18 14:32:42 UTC

The Act of Bereavement leave is about the rights of a person who lost a loved one. Any one who is currently in that situation may apply for the bereavement leave and be granted 10 days leave with pay to all employees in both the private and public sectors. This clause states that the bereavement leave can be given to any employee who lost an immediate family until third degree of affinity and it also includes protection to the employees' work as they are not allowed to have a reduced benefits or get terminated because of this reason.

This amendment seeks to include students of both public and private schools and universities. It's purpose is to be inclusive as we consider all family dynamics. There are students who are breadwinners, or who assumes the role once their closest or most immediate family member dies, thus, to juggle both academics, emotional mourning, funeral arrangements, and adult responsibilities that they now hold can be quite detrimental. This act helps them to have enough time to get back on their feet after a tragic and unexpected situation.

At the end of the day, it is how we make the law not just as fair or equal as possible to everyone but also as morally and humanely right.

An Act to Amend the Omnibus Election Code

2024-07-18 15:02:36 UTC

The Omnibus Election Act was last amended in 2013 and how times have changed! Voters or even mere bystanders of the last few national and local elections, have recognized the power and impact of social media with respect to the candidates, the constituents, and groups of people. Some may argue that it levels the playing field allowing lesser known candidates to introduce themselves in a relatively cheaper platform. On the other hand, there are also calls for social media regulation during the election season because of recent developments in technology like the usage of deepfakes, bots, and trolls by advertising and marketing agencies (in behalf of their candidates).

For example Under Section 85. Prohibited forms of election propaganda

(a) To print, publish, post or distribute any poster, pamphlet, circular, handbill, or printed matter urging voters to vote for or against any candidate unless they bear the names and addresses of the printer and payor as required in Section 84 hereof;

The section above expressly states the restrictions on broadcast and print media but is silent as to the social media behavior of candidates. As contemplated by Congress, the reason why they cannot necessarily ban or prohibit trolls or trolling because of the lack of an enabling law.

Although it could be argued that Implementing Rules and Regulations (IRR) are released every election season, the nature of such is not meant to extend the law of amend a legislative enactment. The obvious deviation of the IRR is a way to compensate for the deficiencies in our electoral law. If I were a lawmaker, I would me more proactive in adapting to changes in the election landscape to safeguard democracy and the principles of truth, justice, and fairness.

An Act that would Modernize or Revamp Land Transportation in the Country

2024-07-19 06:57:59 UTC

For lack of a better term, the public transportation system in the Philippines is notoriously unreliable. Commuters struggle day in and day out as the current modes of transportation are inadequate, with many experiencing frequent breakdowns.

One reason for this inefficiency is that majority of the land public transport vehicles are outdated. Compared to public transportation systems abroad, Philippine public transportation vehicles are decades old. Despite government efforts to modernize these vehicles, there is also reluctance among drivers, conductors, and operators to participate in these modernization programs. They fear that the changes brought about by the program could jeopardize their livelihoods, be unfamiliar to what they are accustomed to, and require significant investment on their part.

For instance, the jeepney modernization program has been implemented by the LTFRB years ago. Despite efforts to introduce e-jeepneys on the roads, the program has had limited success, with majority of jeepney drivers hesitant to participate. Instead of upgrading to safer and more reliable vehicles, many prefer to maintain the status quo, even though their current vehicles are unsafe and environmentally unfriendly. One solution that can be done is having a subsidy program to assist these drivers as they cannot necessarily afford these types of vehicles. The government can also opt to provide loans or financial aid to these drivers. Although the government would first have to focus more on the financial aspect of these programs, they should always ensure that there will still be a just and smooth transition for these drivers.

An Act for Senior Citizens

2024-07-19 11:31:47 UTC

It is widely known that most Filipinos are forced to retire from their jobs once they reach the age of 59 or 60, discouraging them to work and earn more for themselves and their families. This only limits their opportunity to help their families especially when they are breadwinners.

My father, despite having the agility and strength of a 30 year old, was forced to retire when he reached 60 after spending 35 years with the company. He was confident with his skills and capabilities, and him reaching 60 did not harm his work ethics nor his performance. Today, him, along with thousands of other Filipinos, are struggling to find work for their age.

To be 60 and comforted with life's earnings is a privilege only to some, while most see this as a hindrance as they find more work at this age. According to PSA, Filipinos aged 65 and above reached 38.2% in June 2022 (Chau, 2022). This only shows that senior citizens are still in good condition to continue working.

While Rep. Rodolfo Ordanes Jr has proposed House Bill 3220 which states that an employee of 65 years old can choose to continue their employment, I propose an Act that goes beyond merely allowing continued employment. An act that gives senior citizens the RIGHT to decide whether they will keep working and without mandating retirement purely based on age; an Act that creates an inclusive environment for older workers through learning programs, health and wellness programs, flexible work arrangements, and anti-discrimination efforts.

An act that heightens the standard for e-sim registration in the Philippines, thus in line with the data privacy act of 2012

2024-07-19 16:29:19 UTC

Once a law is passed, it does not mean now that the new legislators do not need to be concerned about the existing law. More importantly, it does not mean that their job is over. If not, the new legislators and those who come after them must be aware of the new circumstances that the Philippines and its people faces, as well as the advances the world experience. Laws are not meant to be perfect, but are only to try to keep the peace and balance in a society but as legislators are also people, there will always be holes and gaps that may need to be addressed in the future - this is where new legislators come in with regard to pre-existing laws. They are to either amend or totally revoke that statute from existence or perhaps to maintain it. Recently, there has been a phenomenon experienced by a number of Filipinos - the receipt of unwarranted spam text messages that cause disturbance and annoyance.

An Act Enhancing the Development and Establishment of Smart Cities

2024-07-19 17:09:08 UTC

This law shall facilitate the planning, development, and establishment of Smart Cities in the Philippines.

A Smart City shall be one that is accessible through efficient mass transport systems, livable to the current and future generations with the abundance of parks and vertical gardens, and connected to key infrastructure and public utilities.

Each Smart City shall have its own establishments for education, leisure, business, raw materials, among others, such that each Smart City can sustain itself in cases of emergencies or calamities.

Ultimately, each Smart City shall be able to survive and thrive on its own while at the same time providing its respective resources and raw materials to other Smart Cities.

An Act Supporting the Recycling, Regulation, and Distribution of Organic Matter Recycling

2024-07-20 02:18:29 UTC

In support of other proposed Acts here that advocate for sustainable waste management practices, this Act aims to promote the practice of recycling organic matter through regulation and established distribution channels.

This Act aims to implement a cycle of organic matter collection that follows this cycle:

Sort waste into proper bins. Organic waste must be disposed of in the proper receptacles.
Collection of sorted organic matter (e.g., food scraps, garden cuttings) as part of regular garbage rotations.
Transportation of organic matter to compost facilities for processing.
Compost is distributed to local farms and gardens.

This proposed Act hopes to encourage a garbage management infrastructure that takes after the concept of a circular economy, where the life cycle of products are extended for as long as possible to reduce the amount of garbage.

The potential resistance to this practice is acknowledged, so incentives are part of this Act to encourage behaviour change.

An Act Implementing the Creation of a Sex Offender Registry

2024-07-20 04:21:35 UTC

Many Filipinos have been victims of sex-related offenses. This Act aims to lower the recidivism risk posed by these individuals and to reduce repeated cases of preying on children, especially since throughout the years, there have been many (mostly foreign) individuals committing sexual exploitation and violent acts against children.

Thus, to protect the Filipino people more experiencing more sex-related crimes, this Act aims to:

List the information of adult sex offenders per region, to be handled by NBI, DOJ, and PNP. This information would include their relevant information like name, city, age, criminal history, and a photo (but no sensitive personal information, alluding to the Data Privacy Act of 2012)
Provide mandatory therapy and fellowship sessions for sex offenders.
Monitor sex offenders and ensure that they cannot be 2,000-2,500 feet away from schools
Penalize sex offenders for failing to register.

It would be relevant to establish a law like this because many sex offenders in the country usually get away with it, mainly due to the lack of Philippine legislation regarding this specific topic. This Act aims to protect the rights and safety of children in this country.

An Act to Require Proof of Animal Care in Domestic Households

2024-07-20 08:44:31 UTC

The adoption of pets in the Philippines is left unregulated. Animal rights are often left unattended in the confines of a household. As such, there is no current law in place to ensure the safety of animals within these confines. The act aims to to ensure that animals in domestic households receive proper care and prevent neglect.

1) The Act proposes an Domestic Animal Protection Agency (DAPA) that is tasked with accepting reports of animal neglect, tracking documents of vaccinations and animal care, and administering fines and coordinating with Animal Welfare Organizations for animal rescues from abuse in households.

2) Proof of Animal Care: Every pet owner must submit requirements of pet care which includes the following;

a. Up to date vaccination records

b. Proof of neutering/spaying (for applicable species) - In the event that the owner wishes the pet to procreate, the owner must obtain a certificate for reproduction which is valid for a year, and report the births on record. The certificate would help monitor the births of pets and its regulation.

b. Records of regular veterinary checkups

c. Evidence of proper house and space

3) Reporting of Animal Neglect. In the event that a pet is speculated to be neglected abused, any citizen may report such abuse to the DAPA. Animal neglect and abuse includes the following;

a. Undernourishment or dehydration

b. Unsanitary living conditions

c.Signs of injury or neglect

d. Signs of behavioral problems

An act to penalize corporations for environmental destruction

2024-07-20 10:00:32 UTC

Corporations that cause environmental destruction should be sanctioned accordingly. This destruction infringes on the universal human right to "a standard of living adequate for the health and well-being of himself." It also causes the loss of livelihood and heightens the risk for natural disasters. Since the climate crisis is now considered the biggest threat to humanity, policies should be made to advance the addressing of these issues.

Atty. Antonio La Viña discusses what a corporate environment liability law can do for the country in this article.

An amendment to the Family Code or a Separate Family Code for Same-Sex Marriage

2024-07-20 11:49:21 UTC

Same-sex marriage is yet to be recognized in the Philippines. However, it should be time to recognize their relationships and legitimize it through recognition of law. While same-sex couples are able to live together in the country, they are not treated as the same as an actual married couple. There are rights that are awarded to married couple that will never be available to same sex couples. An example to this is that a person in a same-sex relationship cannot make decisions for their partner in the hospital as they are not recognized to be legally married under the law.

A family code for same-sex couples will not only allow them to have the right to marry but also be allowed to adopt together as a couple. This code should cover the same provisions in the existing family code and supplement it with provisions appropriate for same-sex marriages. The establishment of such will allow them to create a family as well wherein both couple are recognized to be the parents of the child. It is integral that this should be created--whether an amendment to the present family code or a new code entirely to govern same-sex marriages--to now give them the same rights.

An act that will benefit Filipino nurses and improve our healthcare system

2024-07-20 14:32:43 UTC

If I were a member of Congress, I would advocate for laws that provide more opportunities for Filipino nurses to serve in the Philippines. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the need for a better healthcare system, which cannot exist without properly compensated health workers. Besides increasing salaries and benefits, there should be a focus on nurse retention through opportunities for further education and training. Laws should encourage government investment in public-private partnerships in healthcare, particularly in human resource management and capacity building. Additionally, a cultural shift is necessary to motivate nurses to serve in the country, which could be fostered through a balanced school curriculum that doesn't solely promote migration. These laws would gradually ensure that Filipinos, especially in remote areas, benefit from a quality healthcare system.

An Act That Increases Public Healthcare Worker's Salaries

2024-07-20 17:17:35 UTC

Many Filipinos are unable to find the proper funds to afford private hospitals and thus resort to relying on the underpaid and overworked staff of public institutions.

Many excellent nursing Filipinos are incentivized to migrate abroad for their salaries, leaving other countries to reap the rewards of their skills and prowess. If the government is able to provide them with a better salary, their skilled expertise in healthcare will benefit the Filipino people instead. An empowered healthcare community can help push the Philippines to cultivate and create a medically advanced society.

An Act on Reducing Red Tape on Tax Compliance

2024-07-21 14:53:48 UTC

As a practicing tax accountant, I have had many encounters with my clients who were at most compliant with the rules and regulations set by our standard setting bodies. There are just some instances wherein there were rigorous and very tedious rules that we needed to raise issues on, but when we look at it on a bigger picture, it was just added bureaucratic red tape.

One reason I had of becoming a Lawyer was so that I could be a voice for the taxpayers. I could lobby and help draft policies or amendments to our already existing set of laws surrounding tax and help improve the systems surrounding it.

The recently passed Ease of Paying Taxes Law was a really small step towards what I had in mind. The legislators got rid of some of the burdens, but those were just the tip of the iceberg.

Making it easier for taxpayers to comply with the regulations, avail of incentives, process of refunds, and many more would in my opinion, make for a much more efficient collection of revenue for the government. Taxpayers do not need to worry about these compliance rules, because they would be simpler, and they would remit on time if not earlier the tax to be used by the government for its activities.

Passing this into law is important because tax is the lifeblood of the government, and the government is what keeps the peace and order in our country, and is after the well-being of the nation.

An Act for Free Menstrual Products

2024-07-22 00:32:45 UTC

Period poverty is real.

As a woman who has been menstruating for more than a decade, living in the Philippines with male-dominated government officials, and having healthcare services that are below minimum, the issue of menstrual health is overlooked.

I was diagnosed with PCOS not a shy 5 years ago. I do not know anything about it since there is not enough discussion about it in the Philippines. I realized that even the topic on menstruation still holds stigma.

If I were to be a member of congress, I would advocate for women's reproductive health. I was able to publish online a computation of how much a women spends for menstrual pads (napkins) in her lifetime.

An economic pad retails for about P10.00 per piece. In a day it is advisable to change 3 to 4 times to prevent bacteria from building up. That'll cost you P40.00 a day. The average period lasts up to 7 days -- P280.00 a week. In a year you'll spend, P3,360. You start menstruating as early as 10 until 60. That's P168,000.00 in a woman's lifetime (this isn't even adjusted for inflation!).

Women don't choose to get menstruation. It's part of our biology. My heart goes to those women living below the poverty line who create makeshift sanitary pads, even risking their own health just to relieve themself from the monthly ghoul.

This necessity has become a luxury.

If the government can give out condoms for free, why won't they give out menstrual pads for free, too?

...

Who knows, maybe enacting this can spark a conversation to accept other menstrual supplies like tampons and menstrual cups.

A law that regulates the use of AI

2024-07-22 12:01:47 UTC

Artificial Intelligence (AI) is no stranger to our generation. The rise of ChatGPT and similar technologies has given rise to dozens of startups and tech companies that are built from AI. Even in school, AI is used by students in writing their assignments and building their projects. However, in the Philippines, there are currently no existing laws governing AI.

One of the lawful purposes in enacting a law regulating the use of AI is to ensure there are ethical standards set in place for its use. With the rampancy of fake news, misinformation, and deepfakes, AI has the potential to exacerbate these issues if not properly regulated. Thus, such regulation would be an ideal law to propose if I were a member of the Congress.

Product Localization Act

2024-07-22 13:59:03 UTC

We tend to buy foreign products or brands instead of local, such as food, clothing, equipment. The problem is that they are usually in the suppliers' language/s, so us, as buyers, do not understand how to utilize and care for the product we have purchased. With the product localization act, suppliers or sellers will be forced to change the language in the product to a language that all buyers can understand. This will not only help us know how to best utilize the product but also be knowledgeable of the possible warning instructions that come along with it.

An Act Facilitating Renewable Energy Dependence (and Transition)

2024-07-22 14:43:24 UTC

The Philippines' energy landscape is one highly dependent on non-renewable sources (e.g. coal, fossil fuels). Part of its price volatility is attributed to market barriers and fiscal shocks that are often times triggered by other events in the world such as war. Renewable Energy shows promise in a country with heightened energy insecurity, and is highly dependent on imports from other parts of the world. Incentivizing a transition to RE infrastructure may likewise facilitate the stabilizing prices for consumers, especially those who belong to society's most marginalize. It is a win-win situation for all, cheap, consistent, and most importantly, accessible energy. It frees the country from the dependence of big coal producers of the world, and would help it rely on its indigent prowess.

An Act Improving the Financial Literary of Filipino Students

2024-07-22 16:41:03 UTC

Lots of Filipinos, young and old, fall victim to various kinds of phishing, lottery, credit card, and online shopping scams, as well as loan sharks, online gambling, hacking, etc. With Filipinos being one of the top internet users in the world, it is a given that we are more likely to be victims of these fraudulent activities.

This act mandates the addition of basic financial literary subjects to the secondary education core curriculum in the Philippines. Along with the Department of Education, it confers upon the Department of Information and Communications Technology and the Department of Finance the duty to ensure that high school students are equipped with the relevant knowledge and know-hows to protect themselves and their hard-earned money. By starting at the high school level, students can have a grasp of the basic financial literacy concepts that they can use even to educate their families and other members of society.

It also imposes stricter penalties to those guilty of fraudulent activities.

Act to Decentralize Development and Promote Balanced Regional Growth in the Philippines

2024-07-23 02:57:29 UTC

Background: Metro Manila has long been the hub of economic activity, major infrastructure, and central government functions. This centralization has led to significant disparities in development and living standards between Metro Manila and other parts of the country. Metro Manila faces challenges such as overcrowding, traffic congestion, pollution, and a high cost of living, while many provinces struggle with inadequate infrastructure, limited livelihood opportunities, and slower development.

Purpose: The primary aim of this Act is to decentralize development efforts to achieve more balanced growth across all regions of the Philippines. By addressing the overconcentration of resources and population in Metro Manila, the Act seeks to stimulate investment, enhance infrastructure, and improve government services in provinces outside the capital. This will contribute to a more equitable distribution of national development. It's about time that we recognize our countrymen outside of the so-called "Imperial Manila."

Rationale: Decentralization is crucial for sustainable development and bridging regional disparities. Spreading economic activities and governmental functions across the country will improve living standards, create jobs, and boost local economies. This Act proposes a multi-dimensional strategy to achieve these goals, including infrastructure development, investment incentives, and relocating some government offices to other regions.

Specific Action Pillars:

Infrastructure Development - Upgrading Transport Networks and Enhancing Access to Public Services
Economic Growth - Investment Incentives and Establishment of more Regional and even Local Centers
Balanced Urban Development - Reducing Congestion and Pollution and Natural Resource Preservation
Social Justice - Improving overall Quality of Life, Cultural Preservation, and Uplifting Indigenous Peoples

I know this may seem like a long shot, but I truly believe that if we take these steps, we can make a significant difference in creating a more balanced and equitable Philippines. It’s about giving every region a fair chance to thrive and ensuring that all Filipinos can enjoy a better quality of life.

An Act Prohibiting Political Dynasties

2024-07-23 03:00:04 UTC

Under Section 26, Article II of the Constitution, it states that "The State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service, and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law." Given this, it is about time for the country to define political dynasties and prohibit them from taking over our public offices.

Under this Act, members of political dynasties may not seek public office following these conditions:

Section 1. President & Vice President

a) The President and the Vice President must not be related up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity.

b) A Presidential or Vice Presidential candidate must not be related to the current President or the Vice President up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity.

Section 2. Elected officials of the Local Government Units

a) Elected provincial government officials (including the provincial board) must not be related to each other up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity

b) Those seeking public office for the provincial government must not be related to the sitting elected officials up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity to any of the sitting officials

c) Elected Cities/Municipal officials (including the city board) must not be related to the sitting elected officials up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity

d) Those seeking public office for the city/municipal government must not be related to the sitting elected officials up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity to any of the sitting officials

e) Elected Barangay officials (including the SK) must not be related to the sitting elected officials up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity

f) Those seeking public office for any barangay posts must not be related to the sitting elected officials up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity to any of the sitting officials

Section 3. The Congress

a) Elected members of the Senate may not be related to each other up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity

b) Elected members of the House of Representatives may not be related to those elected officials within their legislative district/municipality or city up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity

c) Those seeking public office for the House of Representatives must not be related to those elected officials within their legislative district/municipality or city up to the 4th civil degree whether through consanguinity or affinity

An Act on Waste Management System

2024-07-23 09:27:34 UTC

In times of climate change, it is necessary for our government to step up and take action on the increasing waste in our country. It cannot be denied that it is impossible to go 0% waste, and knowing this, there must be feasible and effective plans on how to mitigate and control these waste.

In line with this, this act will mainly be towards creating an agreement with manufacturers that regulates its packaging for recycling, and recovery of sales packaging. One example of this is having the same color of bottles for beers, sodas, etc. so that it would be much easier to recycle these bottles.

Basically, a framework will be built based on research and in reference to the best waste management systems in the world.

An Act Establishing Public Pet Clinics in Every Barangay

2024-07-23 14:28:11 UTC

Philippines has the highest rate of dog ownership in Asia. In every Filipino household, it is not surprising to see that the traditional view of "ownership" is no longer the prevailing sentiment. Rather, pets have become an indispensable part of the family that one would inevitably allocate funds for in purposes of protection and sustenance.

Section 1. Purpose

This Act aims to open a proper venue or recourse that a pet parent from low-income household can seek should their pets contract any form of disease to alleviate the mental tolls that come with the fear of losing a loved one that is exacerbated by the forced hopelessness imposed by the lack of financial resources to counter the gradually worsening state of their pets.

Section 2. Public Pet Clinic Eligibility

To eliminate unnecessary competition on the part of established private pet clinics and hospitals within every city, this Act shall exclusively cover indigent residents who are incapable of seeking medical attention for their pets given the expensive services offered therein.

The clients shall obtain first a certification from the City Veterinary Office attesting that:

a) they are indigent citizens

b) they have been a pet parent for at least a year prior application

c) they are capable of maintaining the health and safety of their pets that enjoyed the services offered

Section 3. Facility Structure

The pet clinic shall include the basic services such as spay and neuter, check ups, rabies vaccination, as well as facilities required to perform more complex operation for serious cases. Designing and planning such facilities shall be at the City Veterinary Office's discretion, in consultation with the Philippine Animal Welfare Society and Bureau of Animal Industry. Said agencies and bodies are hereby enjoined to engage in consultative meetings in deliberating the most cost-effective mode of delivering services in an efficiently operating clinic. A maximum of two visitations and four check-ups must be in place except when an emergency necessitates an additional session with the facility.

Section 4. Appropriations.

The Local Government Unit covering said barangays must apportion the designate budget to the locality enough to run the facilities based on the level of necessity per barangay. The amount allocated shall not be equal but rather dependent on the pet population using historical data and analysis. As a form of centralization, other facilities existing to provide animal care services within the locality shall be placed within the same establishment to bring welfare closer to the public.

An Act Enforcing Anti-Bribery

2024-07-23 14:53:47 UTC

Purpose:

To prevent and penalize the act of bribing families of victims by wealthy families, ensuring justice and integrity in the legal process.

Definitions:

1. Bribery: The offering, giving, receiving, or soliciting of any item of value as a means of influencing the actions of an individual holding a public or legal duty.

2. Wealthy Family: Any family with a net worth exceeding $10 million USD.

3. Victim: An individual or family who has suffered harm, injury, or loss due to the actions of another party.

Provisions:

1. Prohibition of Bribery:

- It shall be unlawful for any wealthy family to offer, give, or promise any financial or non-financial benefit to the family of a victim with the intent to influence their legal actions or decisions.

- It shall be unlawful for any individual to solicit or accept any financial or non-financial benefit from a wealthy family in exchange for altering or withdrawing legal actions.

2. Mandatory Reporting:

- Any offer of bribery made by a wealthy family to the family of a victim must be reported to the appropriate law enforcement authorities within 72 hours.

- Failure to report such an offer shall result in penalties for the family of the victim, including fines or other sanctions as deemed appropriate.

3. Penalties:

- Any wealthy family found guilty of bribery shall be subject to the following penalties:

- A fine equivalent to three times the value of the bribe offered or $1 million USD, whichever is greater.

- Imprisonment for a term not less than five years and not more than fifteen years.

- Permanent disqualification from holding any public office or participating in any public contract.

- Any individual found guilty of accepting or soliciting a bribe shall be subject to similar penalties as the bribing party.

4. Protection for Victims:

- Families of victims who report bribery attempts shall be provided with protection and support, including legal assistance and, if necessary, relocation services.

- No legal action shall be taken against families of victims who report bribery attempts in good faith.

5. Enforcement Mechanisms:

- A dedicated Anti-Bribery Enforcement Unit shall be established within the Department of Justice to investigate and prosecute cases under this Act.

- The unit shall have the authority to conduct undercover operations, monitor financial transactions, and collaborate with other law enforcement agencies.

6. Public Awareness Campaign:

- The government shall initiate a public awareness campaign to educate citizens about the illegality and consequences of bribery, encouraging the reporting of any suspicious activities.

7. Review and Reporting:

- An annual report shall be submitted to Congress detailing the number of cases investigated, prosecuted, and the outcomes of such cases.

- The effectiveness of this Act shall be reviewed every five years, with recommendations for amendments or improvements as necessary.

Implementation:

This Act shall come into effect six months after its passage to allow for the establishment of the necessary enforcement mechanisms and public awareness campaigns.

Conclusion:

The Anti-Bribery Enforcement Act Against Wealthy Families is essential to uphold justice and ensure that no family, regardless of wealth, can undermine the legal system through bribery. This law aims to protect the integrity of legal processes and support families of victims in their pursuit of justice.

An Act Towards Reducing Visual Pollution

2024-07-23 15:24:30 UTC

Metro Manila is city of continuous progress and development. However, while it progresses, it seems that the etiquette for respect of our environment or just the surroundings itself. It is not unknown to its citizens how polluted Metro Manila is already - its waters are polluted, garbage disposal's in chaos, and more so, visually polluted. Now, to be clear, when we say visual pollution, it does not only pertain to the posters, tarpaulins, and other clutters that cross our eyes when we walk through the streets of the city. Visual pollution includes the Meralco cables hanging by the sky when we look up, and likewise, the footbridges or stairs built along the streets that are not only an eyesore but are also hazardous to the safety of commuters.

Keeping the surrounding clear from clutter and any visual pollution not only keeps it clear from mess and unattractive sight, but it most importantly improves the sight of the establishments, makes the environment and its surrounding more friendly to the people, which likewise improves the overall peace and ambiance of the city.

Apart from this, with lesser visual pollution around, streets will be cleaner and especially safer to walk into. And thus, with the unsafe cables hanging by our heads, less hazard will eventually happen.

While this aspect of the country is not as alarming and urgent compared to more important matters that the government must attend to, it is still important to keep not of this and likewise take action of it. Because with a city rid of visual pollution, cleanliness and peace comes along with it. This will likewise urge the citizens to maintain it themselves and be more wary of their surroundings.

Genetic Information Act

2024-07-23 16:52:26 UTC

Computing power has been doubling in capability with minimal cost increase. In response, genetic testing has become more accessible and affordable to the general public. Just recently, we have completed sequencing the Human Genome, a 15-year project of, by, and for the entire human race. Researchers around the globe are now racing to decipher the molecular data. To aide in this quest, some institutes have been buying genetic data from genetic testing companies, while these data came from customers who paid for their own sequencing. The sole owner of the genetic data should be the individual where the data was sourced from. If research institutes decide to buy data, it should be the individual that should gain, not any middle facility.

A person’s genetic info is unique and can be traced back to them, and it is much more powerful than a thumbprint. By looking at one’s genetic data, you can see a future diary of their physical and mental well-being.

The country currently has its own Data Privacy Act and some would contend that it is enough, because it mentioned the word “genetic life” once in Rule I, Section t (2), as part of the sensitive personal information being protected.

However, genetic data is much more complex than regular personal data. Unlike other personal data wherein one is only consenting to publicizing their own data, in genetic data, one is also implicitly publicizing the data of their relatives. Because relatives closely share portions of their genetic data with each other.

Genetic info can also be used for discrimination in employment or in health insurance. For example, insurance agencies could earn more profit by denying coverage or raising rates to applicants who are genetically more susceptible to a certain health condition. This should not be as it discourages genetic testing. Also, these vulnerabilities are innate things that someone is born with, these flaws were never in control of the owner — as long as human gene editing is not yet possible.

These complexities of genetic data warrants additional, more specific legislation. The legislation should, among other matters, seek to preserve ownership of one’s own genome info. And more importantly, due to the immense power one gets when unlocking it, individuals should have the right to access their own genetic data.

An Act Regulating Online Sales Transactions

2024-07-23 16:53:15 UTC

The rise of technology and internet has allowed individuals to have sales transactions online. Some individuals having transactions online are minors, these can be seen with the rampant selling of K-Pop Photocards. Such minor children are vulnerable to scams and fraud.

The sales transactions shall be regulated by the government through an instrumentality. Whereas, minor children shall not be allowed to participate in online sales transactions.

On the other hand, the protection of sellers and online market platforms shall be protected with surveillance of scams and fraud.

The consumers and sellers are both protected in this Act because the Government shall provide necessary measures as to how scam and fraud can be lessen by regulating it.

Batas na Naghihikayat ng Pagsalin ng ating Saligang Batas, at ng lahat ng mga Alituntunin, sa mga Lokal na Wika at Diyalekto (An Act Encouraging the Translation of the Constitution, and all other Codes recognized as Law, in Local Languages and Dialects)

2024-07-23 16:58:54 UTC

One of the most overlooked issues in our country is the ever-growing gap between the quality of education between public and private educational institutions, and with it, the literacy rate of the students. While there are a number of factors to consider in the discussion of literacy, this Act that I seek to propose is one that will bridge the gap in the common Filipino's understanding of the law. I am a firm believer that the Law, as a text, must be accessible to all, and that one needs not to be a student of the legal profession to even begin studying our laws. Furthermore, I believe that the law should be in plain and simple language, that is easily understandable by the common folk, and one such way of doing so is through this act.

As stated in the title, this act seeks to encourage the translation of our Constitution (at the very least), and if possible, all the other Codes recognized as law, into our local languages and dialects. While I am aware that there already exists a translation of our law/s in the Filipino language (I am unaware if the translation extends to the Codes), it is still far from being accessible because (1) even in Filipino, the legalese still prevails most of the time, rather than it being in plain and simple language, and (2) the online presence of the government---which is a big factor nowadays considering the rate of advancement of our technology---is still predominantly in English.

Furthermore, our common lack of knowledge about the law, and by extension, our rights, only increases our dependency on the government, which, lets be honest, most of the time just take advantage of our lack of knowledge thereof. It is this dependency on them that gives them so much power over the people, that it has led them to forget that they are mere agents and representatives of the sovereign will of the Republic, which is us.

Ultimately, this act will not only increase the common Filipino's knowledge and understanding of the law, but also of the society, the government, and most importantly, the rights to which we are entitled to. Possessing this knowledge not only increases our bargaining power when the government oversteps its bounds, but we would be able to better identify which government officials are ACTUALLY doing their job, and in turn, result into a better and more just democracy.

Divorce Law

2024-07-23 17:23:10 UTC

Upon reading module 2 with the case of Mendez v. 5th SDC, it was surprised that Islam has something similar to divorce called "talaq". While we already have something similar to divorce which is the Annulment and Nullity of Marriage, the purpose between the two is not the same, as annulments aims to void the marriage while divorce terminates the marriage. So their purposes and reasons should not be the same, and should never be used as a replacement for the other.

Divorce being passed as law is not novice to our country as there has already been endless debates on the pros and cons of passing it as law. And while our country is dominantly Christian, it shouldn't be a reason to bar non-Christians the right of divorce just like the Islam with "talaq"

Same Sex Marriage

2024-07-23 19:14:18 UTC

If I were a legislator, I would love to push for legalizing same-sex marriage in the Philippines. I believe that every individual should have the right to marriage regardless of their sexual orientation or gender identity. I find it discriminatory to deny same-sex couples of the right to marry the person they love, and also think that this fosters a society that is not inclusive to the LGBTQ+ community. The LGBTQ+ community itself has already faced years of discrimination and lack of legal protection, and I think it is only just to develop more legal frameworks with regard to their rights.

An Act for Incorporating Financial Literacy in Primary and Secondary levels of Education

2024-07-24 00:46:50 UTC

Education is a fundamental human right. It does not only give knowledge and opportunities, but it also empowers an individual to be able to critically think, reason, and take a stand. I have always been a firm believer of education and its ability to transform lives. In today’s vast economic landscape, financial literacy emerges as an essential component of education that extends beyond traditional subjects to equip individuals with necessary skills. Financial literacy is not just about understanding money—it's about making informed decisions that can lead to financial security and independence. Garnering one of the lowest financial literacy rates in Southeast Asia, there is an evident gap for financial education that needs to be filled. Our education system builds students to become employees that will enrich the capitalist system—having little to no background on how money works. I am deeply passionate about promoting financial literacy among elementary students, with a particular focus on those attending public schools.

An Act Regulating Urbanization, Development, and Commercialization Programs in Provinces with an Agricultural Livelihood and Strengthening the Agricultural Sector through Research and Development

2024-07-24 02:23:21 UTC

Coming from Negros, the sugar capital of the country, I have seen how the sugarcane fields diminish in number year on year due to urbanization and development projects that usually involve condominiums, subdivisions, commercial spaces, and malls. I acknowledge that development is necessary and even beneficial but without proper regulation, excess development could lead to more harm than benefit, especially to our farmers and those working in the agricultural sector.

Although I realize that the government may have limited control over private companies and their plans and investments, I would want the government to make an effort towards regulating the use of our agricultural lands.

The law could lay out the following:

Strengthening Agricultural Research and Surveying

This phase would entail the government agencies involved such as DENR and DOA to survey the remaining agricultural lands we have and how we can maintain these in terms of size and volume of production.

Imposing Maximum Hectares for Development

I see how developers and private companies turn 100 hectares of agricultural lands into "mini-cities" with malls, condominiums, and commercial places all in one area. Although this is an opportunity for development and employment, we must not disregard the vital agricultural sector and how this development would affect our local trade and export to other countries.

Innovation and Development

Sugarcane is a rich source of not just sugar, but also bioethanol. This opportunity must be realized by sugar planters across the country. I've also done research on how sugarcane, especially its by-products (bagasse), can be used for more business opportunities. India has found an innovative way to utilize bagasse and create sustainable containers and utensils. Through innovation and development, we can keep the agricultural sector producing and exporting.

An Act Recognizing Same Sex Unions

2024-07-24 02:49:49 UTC

It is an unfortunate situation on partners who are not able to profess their commitment to one another. This bill enables same sex couples to be recognized as partners. It is important that recognizing these unions legally allows decisions to be made and recognized regarding medical decisions and other consents that the LGBT Community is being deprived off now. It is not a manner of religious restrictions but of recognition that their partnership is acknowledged by law and technicalities.

An Act to Fortify Accessible Education for Persons with Disabilities

2024-07-24 03:18:07 UTC

This will aim to ensure the right of every person with disabilities (PWDs) to accessible and quality education at all levels. There can be an establishment of what would be called the "Inclusive Education Infrastructure Fund" to support the construction, renovation, and maintenance of educational facilities to ensure the usability of accessible facilities including ramps, elevators, restrooms, and others of the like.

Public educational institutions can be equipped with necessary assistive technologies and learning resources, such as screen readers, braille materials, hearing aids, and speech-to-text software. The Act could also mandate annual training programs for teachers and school staff on inclusive education practices and the use of assistive technologies.

Given that there are also other factors that hinder this particular sector of society from acquiring basic education, there also ought to be additional scholarships and financial assistance programs specifically for PWDs. Additionally, an important aspect of addressing these day-to-day issues (especially at the grass roots level) is a matter of the awareness of the general public. In this regard, then, there can also be a nationwide public awareness campaign, which can perhaps be scheduled during the newly established disability awareness week. This will be a broad effort to promote the rights of PWDs to inclusive education through seminars, workshops, and media outreach. The DepEd, in consultation with the CHED, DSWD, NCDA, and other relevant government agencies, can be the ones to issue the necessary rules and regulations for effective implementation across all institutions in the country.

An act preventing the misuse of AI for illegal sexual purposes while enhancing overall AI governance

2024-07-24 05:01:22 UTC

I would propose the a National Cybersecurity and Artificial Intelligence Protection Act enhance the Philippines' resilience against cyber threats and ensure the responsible use of AI technologies, with a specific focus on preventing the misuse of AI for illegal sexual purposes. This Act would establish a National Cybersecurity and AI Protection Agency to develop and implement national policies, strategies, and programs. It would mandate a comprehensive National Cybersecurity Framework to identify critical information infrastructure, set cybersecurity standards, and promote public awareness. The Act would include guidelines for ethical AI use, emphasizing transparency, accountability, and the protection of individual rights and privacy, while specifically addressing and preventing the creation, distribution, or facilitation of child pornography, sexual exploitation, non-consensual pornography, and other forms of sexual abuse. Collaboration with the National Privacy Commission would strengthen data privacy regulations, while partnerships with educational institutions would help develop cybersecurity and AI curricula. Encouraging public-private partnerships and international cooperation would facilitate sharing best practices and combating cybercrime, with penalties for non-compliance ensuring a balanced approach to safeguarding national security and promoting technological advancement.

An Act Creating Pet-Friendly Communities

2024-07-24 06:05:25 UTC

I would propose an act that would create better communities for animals. Drawing inspiration from the initiative of my hometown, I would propose projects that provide every man's best friend, not just dogs, with free vaccination, shelter, food, and security. This Act would start within small communities or in the cities of reach.

Not only us individuals have rights that need to be protected. I want to be one with those who advocate for animal care and security. All animals and our pets depend on us, and it is only right to give them the basic necessities they need for survival and, if resources permit, for leisure.

An act legalizing Divorce in the Philippines (with strict regulation and supervision)

2024-07-24 06:24:28 UTC

Many of my batchmates have already written as to why a Divorce Law should be enacted in our country. And to all their aforementioned reasons, I fully agree. However, I think that an issue that I want to address with my law is the possible abuses that may arise when divorce is made available to the public. I often times see many couples in other countries get married for a few months and when a problem arises, they just file for divorce and move on. To me, I feel that this diminishes the meaning and and sanctity of marriage. As a Christian, I feel that marriage should always be respected and protected., as it is a sacred promise that a couple makes in front of God. And as an aspiring lawyer, I believe that marriage should also be protected and respected as it is a special contract between two people. But I think with divorce as an available "remedy", couples forego the necessary thinking process that they need to do before they get married. When couples get married and immediately divorce as we see from modern couples today, I feel that marriage is not being taken seriously, and is diminished from its actual meaning and value, as dictated by the law and by faith. And so, I propose that a Divorce Law be enacted, BUT with strict regulations along with it. I propose that firm requisites for Divorce be implemented in order to safeguard it from those who look to abuse this law, and disrespect the value of marriage in our country and faith.

An act promoting and protecting Philippine culture, incorporating these in mediums such as urban planning and multimedia arts

2024-07-24 07:04:53 UTC

I would propose to enact a law urging the Filipino people to enrich Philippine culture in the country.

Rapid globalization is a phenomenon that should not and cannot be stopped as it helps the world's economies grow together. However, the government should take extra measures to ensure that our own culture is not erased because of this phenomenon. Korea and Thailand are examples of countries that have gone through globalization, but have stayed true to their cultural roots. This is seen through their television shows, tourist sites, and their overall urban planning.

With this, a Philippine law should once and for all promote our culture and heritage just as much in other countries.

Multimedia - our government agencies should look into the films we produce. It is important that there be some kind of approval or pitch process that producers go through and a criteria that should be followed. This means that the shows produced by our countrymen should reflect Filipino values and feature different cultural sites for the world to see. They must not lean to Western values as this removes who we really are as Filipino people.

Urban planning - new projects such as the Senate building or any government building should house Filipino art and design, to show that it is truly a government for the people. This shows Filipino and global citizens alike that we are proud of the artistry coming from our own people. Signs seen on streets may also have a Tagalog translation to show that speaking in Filipino should not be something that one should be ashamed of.

(G.P.)

An Act Rehabilitating/Re-Creating Green-scapes in Metropolitan Areas

2024-07-24 07:41:04 UTC

As I write my answer, the country is battling the effects of Typhoon Carina. While I am fortunate enough to be safe indoors, many of our countrymen are experiencing problems from the storms and floods. These experiences reinforce our need to rehabilitate our areas with more trees and plants, and our need to recognize that focusing our country’s development towards modern infrastructures might not always be better.

If I were to sit in Congress, I would propose a bill that would require infrastructure companies to incorporate ways in planting trees and greenery into their buildings. If it is not possible for them to do so, then they must be required to plant trees or double their contribution in planting trees within their nearby city/LGU. No new infrastructure should be approved for building unless they are able to incorporate planting trees or setting up greenscapes in their area.

Side note: this idea was inspired by R.A.N 10176 or the “Arbor Day Act of 2012”

An Act Converting All Pogo Hubs into Public Spaces and Housing

2024-07-24 10:39:44 UTC

With the recent conclusion of the 2024 SONA of Pres. Marcos Jr., the banning of POGOs was perhaps the most noteworthy portion of his perennial address.

Banning of POGOs would eventually mean the abandonment of many of their hubs and establishments. The government should seize this opportunity by converting some of them into productive facilities like schools, housing, and even parks.

This law can be likened to how the Bases Conversion Development Authority works i.e. by converting old US bases into productive economic hubs for the benefit of the LGU. The government should look to capitalize on the abandoned POGO hubs and turn them into something beneficial to both the local economy of the area and to the residents

An Act that utilizes Average Cost-of-Living and Expenses as basis for Minimum Wage

2024-07-24 11:52:06 UTC

The concept of minimum wage has always played a major role in the economic development of a society. For a third-world country like the Philippines, it pains me to see that living conditions have worsened due to the imbalance of living expenses as compared to the amount that workers earn during their 9-5s.

If I were to be a member of Congress, I would propose a bill that utilizes an objective, mathematically-based system that computes for the determination of minimum wage. To take into account not just the economical wellbeing of the country in its present time, but to also consider rates of consumption and the prices of necessary products. It is imperative that industry professionals that specialize in economics and math are asked of their opinion on what should be considered – especially since the creation of the bill would be extremely complicated. The main goal of my proposition would be to balance the ability of the people to avail of necessities for the purposes of living vis-a-vis the prices of commodities.

An Act Raising the Age of Consent to 18

2024-07-24 12:05:35 UTC

Up until 2022, the age of sex consent in the Philippines was 12 years old, which was one of the lowest ages of consent worldwide. This meant that a child attending grade six of elementary school could consent to sexual activities, or worse, be coerced into doing them and forced to stay silent. It was just recently changed to 16 years old when former President Rodrigo Duterte signed the bill into law.

While this is an improvement, it is critical to emphasize that 16 years old is still a minor. Seven out of 10 rape victims are children, and one in every five minors aged 13 to 17 experiences sexual violence, according to a study by UNICEF. With the alarming number of rape cases in the Philippines concerning minors, it would only be responsible to raise the sexual age of consent to 18 to ensure that both consenting parties are adults.

I would propose that it would be illegal to engage in sexual activities with anyone below 18 years old unless the age gap between parties is 3 years apart or less. This protects all children and minors and fosters a healthy environment for them to learn and grow. This law would aim to lower and hopefully eventually eradicate child molestation and rape cases in our country.

Source: https://edition.cnn.com/2022/03/07/asia/philippines-age-of-sexual-consent-raised-intl-hnk/index.html#:~:text=Philippines%20President%20Rodrigo%20Duterte%20has,from%20rape%20and%20sexual%20abuse.

An Act on Legalizing Abortions for Rape Cases

2024-07-24 12:14:01 UTC

It is unjust that women are expected to bear the responsibility of a child let alone the burden of pregnancy when the act of sexual intercourse that preceded it was not consensual. As of now, there are no existing provisions that allow for abortions in rape cases. Under the Revised Penal Code of the Philippines, Article 256, it reads: "The penalty of prision mayor and a fine not exceeding 5,000 pesos shall be imposed upon any person who shall deliberately and intentionally procure an abortion, unless the abortion was performed by a physician to save the life of the mother." This law serves to protect the freedom of choice of victims of grotesque malice.

Increasing the Penalty for Violation of the Animal Welfare Act

2024-07-24 12:26:59 UTC

I would increase the penalty for violations of the Animal Welfare Act. Currently, the Act punishes offender of this Act for only a fine of at least 1,000-50,000 PHP or imprisonment of at least 6 months to 2 years. If the Court were to punish the offender of only a fine, those of the upper class can easily pay the fine without any effect on them financially. The purpose of retribution would not be achieved.

An Act Regulating the Use of Artificial Intelligence

2024-07-24 13:33:31 UTC

Artificial Intelligence is gaining its ground in many different fields. One in particular and of grave concern, is the arts.

Being that AI programs that generate "works" of art often source their images from existing art on the internet made by various creative artists, it raises much concern about on the matter of intellectual property. Can we call a computer program a thief, and hold it liable for breaching intellectual property?

Further, different fields have already grown to accept this new wave of artificial intelligence, even going as far as to use it for their various functions. What is the legality behind, say for example, a marketing material that used AI to generate its visuals and write its content, knowing that AI generators often source their visuals from already existing, and privately owned, works?

An Act Requiring Subjects in Financial Literacy and Personal Finance in K-12 Basic Education Curriculum

2024-07-24 13:35:54 UTC

According to the World Bank, only 25% of the Philippine population is financially literate. In the third year of my undergraduate studies, many financial management requisites and electives were made available to the student body. However, I, like many of my peers often steered far from such classes due to its perceived complexity. But still wanting to understand more financial concepts, I opted to take the class. Many seemingly daunting financial concepts were turned into basic and elementary topics. Such an experience made me realize how handling money is a necessary life skill. The earlier individuals are introduced to these concepts, the sooner one can develop good money habits affecting the trajectory of their life's economic path.

As part of the Legislature, I would draft and pass a bill that incorporates Financial Literacy and Personal Finance classes in the K-12 curriculum.

Abortion

2024-07-24 13:47:26 UTC

At the moment, abortion is still highly illegal in the Philippines. As stated in the Revised Penal Code, Act No. 3815, Art. 258 "the penalty of prision correccional in its medium and maximum periods shall be imposed upon a woman who shall practice abortion upon herself or shall consent that any other person should do so."

I would like to believe there are legitimate reasons as to why one woman would seek abortion, such as going through a traumatic event of rape or if they are medically not in the best state to carry on with the pregnancy. If abortion were to be decriminalized, many women would not have to go through with their lives raising a child that was born out of rape or there would not be women who are forced to carry out a pregnancy even if it meant it would greatly risk their health. Additionally, decriminalizing abortion would refrain women seeking abortion from risking their lives further by attempting other methods to induce abortion (such as by intaking pills that are not regulated by qualified doctors, or by physically harming themselves to induce it).

Of course, if this were to be passed in the future, it should come with very strict guidelines to follow. Abortion should only be allowed if they are done in a proper environment by qualified doctors. Abortion should also only be done under certain circumstances, such as during the earlier phases of a pregnancy or (if other legislators would like to choose) only if the pregnancy is the result of rape.

The passing of this law can also be partnered with an establishment in the Philippines that is similar to the Planned Parenthood non-profit organization in the US. Women should be given resources that can help them in their sexual healthcare. In the US, Planned Parenthood not only provides safe abortion methods, but they also provide women with sexual education regarding available protection methods against unwanted pregnancies and sexually transmitted diseases.

Women deserve bodily autonomy, to have the opportunity to choose what would be best for them. No one should be forced to go through a pregnancy if that is not what they want, or if they are not in the right capacity to go through it. Children who are results of unwanted pregnancies tend to grow up neglected, and they do not deserve that.

Road Safety and Efficient Traffic Management Act

2024-07-24 14:22:42 UTC

The purpose of this bill is to enhance road safety and traffic efficiency by addressing issues related to improper loading and unloading by PUVs, unsafe driving behaviors, reckless driving, and other traffic violations. The category of 'unsafe driving behaviors' would specifically target reckless driving behaviors, including motorcycle swerving and bus swerving.

Key provisions of this bill would tackle:

Developing and implementing advanced traffic management systems that include real-time monitoring, intelligent traffic signals, and adaptive traffic flow technologies.
Implementing stricter regulations and heavier penalties to prevent dangerous driving behaviors by vehicles, including mandatory adherence to lane discipline and enforcement of safe riding practices.
Establishing and enforcing designated loading and unloading areas for PUVs to prevent them from stopping in unauthorized places, which can cause traffic congestion and accidents, as well as implementing stricter enforcement of regulations and including heavier fines and penalties for violations.
Enhancing driver education programs to include training on road safety, efficient driving techniques, and adherence to traffic regulations.

And the likes.

The bill aims to improve enforcement and impose stricter penalties to ensure better compliance with traffic regulations. It seeks to improve traffic management through advanced technologies, stricter regulations, and coordinated efforts between national and local authorities.

An Act Increasing Accessibility to Menstrual Hygiene Management

2024-07-24 14:31:26 UTC

Women have always been put at a disadvantage mostly because of biological features that are beyond their control. Aside from having to endure excruciating pains during childbirth, women are troubled by menstruation and the pain that it usually comes along with that lasts for about 3-7 days. For a few days, women are burdened with the need to address their feminine hygiene concerns at their personal expense. Menstruation is an involuntary process that the female body goes through and demands a corresponding hygienic response.

An average female spends about P1,260.00 annually for feminine hygiene products which are supposedly necessities but are considered by some as a luxury. Considering that poverty incidence in the Philippines is at 21.6% as of 2015, the additional expense of having to pay for a sufficient amount sanitary napkins for once cycle in a month, adds up to the cost that women cover.

The affordability of feminine hygiene products is in question along with the tax attached to it. Women should not be charged just for being women. Women should be given free access to proper menstrual hygiene management products that are necessary for their well-being.

Improper menstrual hygiene management puts women at risk of infections. Menstrual hygiene management (MHM) is a taboo topic in the Philippines which is why most women just live with the inconvenience and extra costs of being a woman.

This act proposes that free sanitary napkins be made readily available in public restrooms within the city. Public restrooms in public institutions, particularly in schools, hospitals, and government offices, shall be able to provide basic hygiene necessities such as water for flushing and hand washing, toilet paper, and hand soap in public restrooms as per Presidential Decree 856 or the “Code on Sanitation of the Philippines”. Included in the list of basic necessities should be sanitary napkins for women.

The budget for the procurement of sanitary napkins for this policy shall come from the 5% of the IRA received by the local government which shall be used for programs for gender and development. It does not only aim to provide free basic necessities for women but also to remove the stigma on proper menstruation hygiene management. It also solves the question of affordability for feminine hygiene products especially for women low-income families who cannot afford proper menstrual hygiene management.

An Act Amending the Family Code of the Philippines in Recognition of Marriage Equality regardless of SOGIESC

2024-07-24 15:22:45 UTC

As asserted by Justice Leonen in Falcis, III v. Civil Registrar General, the question of same-sex marriage in relation to the Family Code should be debated upon in the marketplace of ideas and lobbied in the political and representative institutions of the Republic, such as Congress. In this regard, for same-sex marriage to be legislated, E.O. 209, s. 1987 or the Family Code of the Philippines needs to be amended. Foremost, Art. I defining marriage as "a special contract of permanent union between a man and a woman" needs to be revised in favor of a definition that does not limit marriage in the heteronormative sense.

The Inclusive Humanitarian Aid Act

2024-07-24 15:25:23 UTC

Purpose: To ensure equitable distribution of humanitarian aid to all households, including same-sex couples, during calamities, disasters, or emergencies.

Main Provisions:

Same-sex households must be recognized. This provision states that for the purpose of this law, a household is defined as individuals living together in a domestic relationship, irrespective of their gender or sexual orientation. Same-sex couples living together in a domestic partnership will be recognized as a household unit eligible for humanitarian aid. This recognition is essential to ensure that all households, regardless of the sexual orientation of their members, are eligible for and can receive aid during emergencies.
2. Aid must be distributed equitably. Humanitarian aid, including food, shelter, medical assistance, and other necessities, will be distributed equitably to all recognized households. The non-discrimination clause under this provision ensures that no individual or household will be discriminated against based on sexual orientation or gender identity in the distribution of aid. This provision guarantees that every household receives the support they need without prejudice.
3. Implementation and oversight are necessary. Relevant agencies responsible for disaster response and relief will ensure the implementation of this act. An oversight committee will be established to monitor the distribution of aid and address any complaints of discrimination. This committee will be tasked with ensuring that the aid distribution process is fair and that any issues of discrimination or inequality are promptly addressed.
4. Public awareness campaigns must be conducted. The government will conduct public awareness campaigns to educate the public and relief workers about the rights of same-sex households under this law. These campaigns are crucial in promoting understanding and acceptance of the new provisions, ensuring that relief workers are properly trained and that the public is informed about the inclusivity measures in place.

An Act Amending the Mental Health Law (R.A. No. 11036)

2024-07-24 15:44:05 UTC

Mental health is a universal human right.

The rising mental health crisis in the Philippines necessitates viewing mental health as a matter of great importance. The Mental Health Law was a significant step towards enhancing and making mental health services accessible. However, there is a substantial gap between the law’s intended purpose and its actual achievement of objectives.

To further strengthen the Mental Health Law, the following amendments are proposed:

1. Free Access to Mental Health Services for Initial Consultations

Current Situation: The National Center for Mental Health (NCMH) charges approximately ₱400-500 per consultation. Given the minimum wage in Metro Manila is ₱570/day for non-agricultural workers, this cost is prohibitive for many.

Proposed Amendment: To enhance accessibility, the first three consultations at NCMH should be free of charge. Subsequent consultation fees should be reduced to make ongoing mental health care more affordable.

2. Addressing the Shortage of Mental Health Practitioners

Current Situation: There is a critical shortage of psychologists and psychiatrists in the Philippines. With approximately 1600 psychologists and 500 psychiatrists serving around 110 million people, access to mental health professionals is severely limited. The World Health Organization highlights that there is only 1 psychiatrist and 1 psychiatric nurse for every 200,000 Filipinos and 1 psychologist for every 1 million people.

Proposed Amendment: The Department of Health (DOH), in collaboration with the Department of Education (DEPED) and the Commission on Higher Education (CHED), should actively promote careers in mental health. This initiative will help increase the number of trained mental health practitioners.

3. Ensuring a Continuous and Adequate Budget

Current Situation: In 2023, the budget for the mental health program under the DOH was ₱1.9 billion. However, the 2024 National Expenditure Program (NEP) proposes only ₱683 million. Despite mental health being a top priority in the DOH Action Agenda, the significant decrease in budget allocation suggests otherwise.

Proposed Amendment: A continuous and increasing budget allocation is essential for the improvement and expansion of mental health services and programs. This will ensure the sustainability and enhancement of mental health care accessibility across the country.

Strengthening the Mental Health Law through these amendments will bridge the gap between the law's objectives and the current realities of mental health care in the Philippines.

An Act to Legalize Divorce

2024-07-24 16:01:05 UTC

While many proposals have been made in congress regarding the passing of a Divorce law, it seems that we are still very far off from actually seeing enactment. Many Filipinos still oppose to the change citing Church Doctrines against divorce and separation of man and wife. Respectfully, I think those people might have forgotten that they do not have to avail of such proceedings. Divorce does not necessarily invalidate their Christian beliefs. On the contrary, it may even strengthen them and urge people to be more contemplative and spiritual.

There are many people who would greatly benefit from having this remedy available to them. Although annulment is an option, it is very difficult to prove the need thereof and it takes quite a long time that not many of the people who actually need them have.

An Act Ensuring the Job Security and Intellectual Property of Writers In Relation to the Use of AI in the Creatives Industry

2024-07-24 16:34:59 UTC

The adoption of Artificial Intelligence (AI), while offering exciting possibilities in the creative sector, raises concerns about its impact on writers' jobs and intellectual property rights. For instance, the 2023 Writers Guild of America (WGA) strike highlighted the problem of writers' livelihood concern in the United States. Writers' play a crucial role in the industry, stemming from journalism to scriptwriting. There should be more safeguards against the misuse of AI and a pro-active approach to balancing the interests of management and writers. Hence, there should be "An Act Ensuring the Job Security and Intellectual property of Writers In Relation to the Use of AI in the Creatives Industry."

The ability of of AI to learn and produce content vast amount of data creates an ambiguity regarding copyright. When AI generates content, tracing the origin becomes difficult, potentially infringing upon existing copyrights. There shall be an establishment of clear guidelines for copyright of content produced by AI. A clearer legal framework shall be made to foster trust in the industry.

On the other hand, the Labor Code allows management to terminate employees on the ground of labor-saving devices. AI as a labor saving device, could be used as a justification to terminate writers' leading to job displacement. This creates job insecurity within the industry. There should be minimum standards on the use of AI in labor to facilitate employment. This provides a baseline or boundary for companies to still practice management prerogative while balancing the interests of writers.

Boosting Philippine Tourism and Improving the Economy: Amending the Local Government Code to create the position of a Local Tourism Officer

2024-07-24 16:55:01 UTC

For an archipelagic country boasting beautiful mountain ridges, beaches, culture, flaura and faunas, and gastronomy, tourism could be an integral part of its economy. It is no wonder then, that tourism is an integral part of the Philippine economy.

The PSA reported that the tourism sector's contribution to the Philippine economy grew from 6.2 percent in 2022 to 8.6 percent in 2023. In March 2024, the Department of Tourism recorded 1.2 million international visitors to the country - a significant 22.86 percent increase from the previous year, recording 999,390 visitor arrivals last March 2023. With the world's shift to regular programming during the end of COVID-19, it is essential then that the growth and development of the Philippines' tourism sector be supported to contribute to the government efforts of poverty reduction, job generation, inclusive growth, and sustainable development.

The amendment proposes that the tourism safeguards of the Republic Act No. 9593, otherwise known as "The Tourism Act of 2009", be reflected and integrated into the Local Government Code or Republic Act 7160 - to create employment opportunities & promote tourism in each city and/or municipality. The amendment intends to amend RA 7160, and ensure the role of tourism officers in each city, municipality, or province, and increase government support for the growth of the tourism sector.

The position of a Local Tourism Officer could require marketing, public administration, and civil service qualifications to further leverage on the tourism sector's growth, and to cultivate promotion of the different strands of Philippine culture and gastronomy, essentially boosting the country's soft power.

An Act defining Political Dynasty

2024-07-24 17:30:07 UTC

Section 26, Article II, of the 1987 Constitution provides "the State shall guarantee equal access to opportunities for public service and prohibit political dynasties as may be defined by law."

This provision clearly shows the intent of the framers to prohibit political dynasties, or the concentration of governmental power into persons that are related to each other. However, such provision is a non self-executing provision. It requires further legislation in order to be applied by the courts.

The fact that the Constitution became effective in 1987, and up until now, there is no law defining the above-cited provision, only shows that our legislator continuously delay such legislation. Especially that our country is known for having dynastic clans which are too many to mention.

Suppose that I am a member of the congress, one of my focus would be passing a bill that will finally make Section 26 effective. On the other hand, I will express my full support and effort to such existing bills in the congress so that it can be finally passed into law.

An Act Modernizing the Railway System and Other PUV via Mobile Application.

2024-07-24 18:01:41 UTC

The Philippines lags behind in urban mobility, ranking out of 60 cities around the world in the 2022 Urban Mobility Readiness Index. The study assessed the quality of the public transit system, taking into account commute speed, affordability, and waiting time, among others. (Luna, 2022).

To address the country's urban mobility challenges, I would propose a bill to modernize public transportation, centered around an all-in-one mobile application. The Department of Transportation will be tasked with executing and overseeing this effort. The mobile application aims to help commuters conveniently navigate public transportation vehicles and plan their journeys ahead of time.

Integrating different modes of transportation in a single application gives commuters various alternative routes and options to take into consideration. The application will provide a tracking device for available public utility vehicles (PUVs). It will contain real-time information on schedules, delays, routes, fares, and other commuter-related announcements and updates. Most importantly, seat availability will be provided in the mobile application. Commuters will know the estimated number of people in the station or vehicle at a given time. This may reduce congestion on crowded routes, especially during rush hour. Other features include integrated payment systems, journey planning, community forums, and the like. To advertise the use of public transportation, a point-card or app system and other exclusive promotions and discounts will be offered to its users. Revenue garnered from the mobile application, including but not limited to advertisements and private partnerships, will be invested in public utility vehicles.

Furthermore, the data generated by this application will be utilized for crowd monitoring and management. The government can also use the information for research purpose and for policy making. This all-in-one transit mobile application also complements House Bill 4913, or the “Universal Beep Card Bill,” which aims to streamline the payment system for public transportation. (Quismorio, 2022)

References

Luna, F. (2022) Metro Manila public transportation among the worst in the world: study. Philstar Global. https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2022/11/25/2226400/metro-manila-public-transportation-among-worst-world-study

Quismorio, E. (2022) Vargas bill to make universal 'beep cards' a reality. Manila Bulletin. https://mb.com.ph/2022/09/26/vargas-bill-to-make-universal-beep-cards-a-reality/

An Act to Require Sustainable and Smart Cities and to Focus on Long Term Urban Development

2024-07-24 18:45:46 UTC

One thing about the country that I've always been critical about is the lack of green spaces, sustainable options, third places, and urban planning. The recent floodings due to typhoon Carina remind me of this once more. With this act, I'd propose that cities, new, old, or in the works, must follow a standard requirement with its public spaces and utility, infrastructure, and environment. I would like to see accessibility being prioritized and to increase the standard of living for everyone. Before urban spaces are built, its plans will be thoroughly reviewed, ensuring that it can withstand calamities and mundane struggles such as commuting, traffic, and walkability.

An Act Defining Deepfake and Regulating the Use of Deepfake in Online Platforms

2024-07-25 03:15:38 UTC

This is actually my undergraduate thesis. As of now, there are no current definition of deepfake in our laws. Although there are mentions of Image-based Sexual Abuse and Gender-Based Online Sexual Harassment in the current legislations, it is still necessary to define what deepfake is to determine what it constitutes. The use of deepfake has been prevalent in the society, where people are often victimized by imitating their likeness to portray them in a bad light. Such is usually done to advance political propaganda or to harass individuals, particularly women. The proposal of a bill or the enactment of a law that revolves in this subject matter is much needed as technology continues to advance and develop. Moreover, in legislating such an act, it is important to consider the right of individuals to freedom of speech and expression. Therefore, careful deliberations is needed when considering the enactment of such.

Boosting Philippine Tourism and Improving the Economy: Amending the Local Government Code to create the position of a Local Tourism Officer

biancanicoleparra — 2024-07-25 03:20:23 UTC

The PSA reported that the tourism sector's contribution to the Philippine economy grew from 6.2 percent in 2022 to 8.6 percent in 2023. In March 2024, the Department of Tourism recorded 1.2 million international visitors to the country - a significant 22.86 percent increase from the previous year, recording 999,390 visitor arrivals last March 2023. With the world's shift to regular programming during the end of COVID-19, it is essential then that the growth and development of the Philippines' tourism sector be supported to contribute to the government efforts of poverty reduction, job generation, inclusive growth, and sustainable development.

The amendment proposes that the tourism safeguards of the Republic Act No. 9593, otherwise known as "The Tourism Act of 2009", be reflected and integrated into the Local Government Code or Republic Act 7160 - to create employment opportunities & promote tourism in each city and/or municipality. The amendment intends to amend RA 7160, and ensure the role of tourism officers in each city, municipality, or province, and increase government support for the growth of the tourism sector.

An Act codifying Road Users Rights

2024-07-25 05:32:45 UTC

Roads and transportation has always been a part of human society all the way to the time of the Mesopotamian city-states. As such it has been in the interest of every government to legislate upon the use of these roads, whether it be through tolls, speed limits, and law enforcement.

In Philippine law though, the main act of congress that involve the roadways is RA 4136, the Land Transportation Act of 1964. This establishes the LTO, LTFRB, and nationwide speed limits on public roads. The act then leaves the rest of the rule-making procedures to the LTO.

This has been problematic to me as the LTO has been car-focused for the majority of its lifespan. There has been efforts to raise bills that are alternative transport-focused like Senate Bill 1698, but that bill only focuses on bike-related infrastructure.

This act could help protect other users of the roadways like cyclists and pedestrians as it would make it clearer to what are their rights and privileges are to both law enforcement and the public. So this act is more an expansion on the duties of the LTO and PNP-HPG.

An Act Strengthening the Universal Health Care Law

2024-07-25 05:33:23 UTC

The Universal Heath Care Law was meant to save the lives and maintain the health of people without going into financial strain. However, those enrolled under PhilHealth still pay from their own pockets despite having 'universal healthcare'.

The health system in the Philippines is not yet capable of servicing 'universal healthcare'. It falls short in the number of patients it can accomodate. Often, patients are turned away and denied admission due to the lack of sufficient accessible healthcare providers.

Thus, to achieve universal healthcare, the health system accessible to the general population must be improved. This includes improving the number and quality of health care facilities and maintaining a large corps of experienced and motivated health care workers.

An Act to Strengthen the Labor Policies regarding Persons with Disabilities in the Philippines.

2024-07-25 06:02:10 UTC

While strides have been made in the local and national level regarding persons with disabilities, many factors still impair persons with disabilities from attaining equal opportunity when it comes to their livelihoods. Republic Act No. 7277 entitled "The Magna Carta for Disabled Persons" is one of the main laws in the country meant to address and aid persons with disabilities, but even this law is lacking when it comes to adhering to disability standards used across the world. An amendment is perhaps required to strengthen the base law in order to truly fulfill its purpose of addressing the needs of persons with disabilities across the country by ensuring that persons with disabilities are represented and are able to participate in key councils in each LGU. While progress is being made towards this end, there are still new and glaring issues presenting themselves when it comes to addressing the needs of persons with disabilities in the country. This act or amendment hopes to strengthen the presence of persons with disabilities in local councils, ensuring that their voices are heard and that their participation is required in decision and rule-making councils, to ensure that they are represented in every sector, giving persons with disabilities an avenue that they can trust and go to when they are in need.

“An Act Requiring All Graduates to Plant Ten Fruit-Bearing Trees” or “Graduate Tree Planting Act of 2024”

2024-07-25 06:30:26 UTC

The Philippines already has a law where a citizen must plant a tree. Specifically, Republic Act 10176, otherwise known as “Arbor Act of 2012” stated in Section 8 “All able-bodied citizens of the Philippines, who are at least twelve (12) years of age, shall be required to plant one (1) tree every year”. However, given the escalating concerns of food security, pollution and catastrophic floods, it is essential to enhance tree planting efforts in the country.

The numbers of trees multiplied will have a significant and positive impact on both the environment and food security in the Philippines. Through mandating every incoming graduate as requisite for graduation (applicable to of all levels) must plant atleast ten fruit-baring trees, this will exponentially increase the number of trees planted each year.

In 2022 alone, 1.6 million students graduated from an institution of higher education in the Philippines (Ramirez, 2023). If each one planted 10 fruit bearing trees, the country would have planted 16 million trees in a year, and 160 million trees in a decade. These trees will contribute to reducing air pollution, leave a cooling effect of 7 degrees lower, filter air quality, while providing barrier against ultraviolet rays (Cant, 2020). Also, trees prevent flooding and soil erosion through absorption of thousands of liters of stormwater, contributing to the stability and health of the environment.

Beyond the environmental benefits, this initiative would provide a sustainable food source. To help address hunger and malnourishment in communities. The fruits would be harvested and consumed by the local population, while the surplus produce can be sold. This would create economic opportunities for local communities.

This law will foster a sense of responsibility and community engagement among the youth. Building a Filipino tradition of a sustainable future. Thus, this multiplier effect of the “Graduate Tree Planting Act” will bring about incredible positive changes, creating a healthier, more sustainable and food- secure Philippines.

An Act Strengthening Financial and Technical Assistance for the Implementation of the LCCAP

2024-07-25 06:42:02 UTC

In order to support the Paris Agreement's target of keeping the rise in the world's average temperature to below 2 degrees celsius, the Philippines committed to a projected Green House Gas emission reduction and avoidance of 75%. Seeing that the Philippines is one of the most vulnerable countries to the effects of climate change, such as typhoons, it is of utmost importance that the country strengthens its measures in climate adaptation and mitigation. Such measures cannot be strengthened in Metro Manila alone, but must be carried out by all local government units (LGUs) throughout the country.

The Philippines has recently made progress in improving its LGUs' disaster response and climate change action measures through several laws. First, RA 10121 (Philippine Disaster Risk reduction and Management Act of 2010) created the Local Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Fund (LDRRMF) which requires LGUs to set aside 5% of their budget as a local calamity fund. 70% of this may be used to support pre-disaster preparedness and risk reduction measures, while the remaining 30% may be used for a quick response fund (QRF) once disaster strikes. Second, the Climate Change Act of 2009 resulted in the creation of the Climate Change Commission (CCC), the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCAP), and the Local Climate Change Action Plan (LCCAP). Through the LCCAP, LGUs were required to formulate, plan, and implement such climate change action plans in their respective areas. The financing for this could be drawn from their Internal Revenue Allotment, or through the amendment of the said law, known as Republic Act 10174 (Establishment of the People's Survival Fund). The PSF allows LGUs to tap the fund for the implementation of their LCCAP projects through proposals which are to be approved by the board.

While the aforementioned mandate LGUs to formulate meaningful plans, there may still be a lack of financial and technical support that would allow them to execute these to their full extent. This act should provide LGUs with strengthened financial and technical assistance so that they may fully contribute in the country's fulfillment of its NDC targets, and help their own people by mitigating the effects of climate change.

It shall:

Provide strengthened financial assistance from the National Government by annually allocating an additional 10% of the LGUs estimated revenue from regular resources for the implementation of their LCCAP.
Ensure that the LGU receives sufficient technical assistance from their state university or the nearest state university to their area in the implementation of the LCCAP.
Provide strengthened financial assistance from the National Government by annually allocating an additional 5% of the LGUs estimated revenue from regular resources for the their quick response fund.
At the end of the budget cycle, whatever funds have not been used would be carried onto the budget of the following year, and the National Government will only replenish the deficit.
Commission on Audit will see to it that the funds were used only for their intended purpose.

Items 1 and 2 would help the LGU implement their LCCAP as climate change adaptation and mitigation measures, while item 3 would aid the LGU in responding to such disasters hastily without waiting for the national government to act. These serve as financial and technical assistance as the fund will not be taken from the LGU's budget. The LGU's estimated revenue would simply be the metric used in determining the yearly allocation.

An Act Regulating Influencer Marketing for Strengthened Consumer Protection

2024-07-25 06:50:45 UTC

The rise of social media influencers has significantly impacted consumer behavior, often blurring the lines between genuine recommendations and paid promotions. While consumer protection laws offer a blanket statement of protection under Article 110. False, Deceptive or Misleading Advertisement or R.A. 7394, they do not adequately address or penalize the unique challenges this form of marketing poses. Other countries, such as the United States, United Kingdom, Australia, France, Canada, Germany, China, Singapore, Taiwan, and Chile, have imposed strict regulations to ensure transparency and protect consumers from misleading advertising practices in influencer marketing. It is time the Philippines follows suit.

The Influencer Marketing Regulation Act (IMRA) is designed to protect consumers from false, deceptive, and misleading advertising practices prevalent in social media influencer marketing, mandating transparency, accountability, and fairness in the promotional content shared by influencers. Key provisions would include, among others, 1) Mandatory disclosure of material connections; 2) Truthful endorsements based on actual experience with the products or services they endorse, 3) Compliance with established advertising standards; 4) Development of the Influencer Code of Conduct; 5) Liabilities and Penalties; and 6) Monitoring and Enforcement agencies.

An Act to Establish a National Minimum Wage

2024-07-25 07:09:06 UTC

As it currently stands, the daily minimum wage differs from one region to another with NCR having the highest minim wage, while the BARMM has the lowest. This act aims to address this disparity by establishing a national minimum wage that would be equal for all regions. Having a national minimum wage would ultimately help reduce poverty rates by providing minimum wage workers with a wage that is livable and allows them to afford the most basic essential needs such as food, water, clothes, and housing. Another benefit to this is that it could potentially help decongest metro manila, since workers won't necessarily need to come to manila anymore to look for jobs.

An Act to Protect and Preserve Coral Reefs in the Philippines

2024-07-25 07:10:54 UTC

The protection of coral reefs are often overlook despite being one of the reason for the tourism in a city.

Coral reefs are not only home to diverse biodiversity but is also valuable to the ecosystem and economy of a country. They provide food for the people and a livelihood for the fishermen.

I would like to propose a law for the protection of coral reefs in our country. There are numerous laws passed in regards to marine biodiversity conservation and waste pollution but not specifically for coral reefs. All of which are important but without coral reefs, marine biodiversity would substantially decrease.

In this act, a task force will be created who is responsible for mapping and monitoring coral reefs. They'll be researching the causes of coral reefs degradation in their assigned area. They are also commanded to give recommendation in solutions in the conservation of coral reefs.

An act incentivizing the development of bike-commuter friendly infrastructure in private establishments

2024-07-25 07:46:53 UTC

With the approval of House Bill No. 574 (An Act Institutionalizing the Use of the Bicycle as a Regular Mode of Transportation, Defining the Rights of Bicycle Riders, Establishing Appropriate Infrastructure and Facilities, Appropriating Funds Therefor, and for Other Purposes) by the House of Representatives, there is a promising outlook for the future of bike commuting in the Philippines. However, while this legislative act marks a significant step forward, it remains insufficient as it places the primary responsibility for creating bike-friendly infrastructure on the government alone.

To ensure that biking becomes a viable and widespread mode of transportation for the average Filipino, it is essential to incentivize the private sector to participate actively in this initiative. Introducing a complementary bill that offers tax breaks and other similar incentives for the development of bike-friendly infrastructure could be a pivotal strategy. Such infrastructure could include secure bike parking, public showers, bike ramps, and other facilities that enhance the convenience and safety of bike commuting.

Private sector involvement would not only accelerate the development of necessary infrastructure but also distribute the responsibility more evenly, thereby reducing the strain on government resources.

An Act Promoting Long-Term Contracts for Farmers

2024-07-25 07:56:16 UTC

Despite being an agriculture-oriented country, the attainment of food sovereignty has yet to be realized in the country. As farmers struggle to make a living out of farming, the entire nation also bears the brunt as inaccessibility to produce causes fluctuations in prices of basic crops. For many decades, the system has been one that disadvantages those at the bottom of the value-chain (harvesters), despite them being playing the most important role in the hierarchy. As a result, many turn away from farming to transition into other occupations that offer more financial stability. This exacerbates the problem further. To prevent the agriculture sector from this crisis, I believe that the government establishing and entering into long-term contracts with farmers is a great starting point. This would give stability not just to our farmers, but also to consumers who rely on their produce. While there are existing frameworks already in place that are in line with this, there must be more comprehensive provisions and stricter adherence to its implementation. A new law institutionalizing this in the entire country can present an opportunity for our government strengthen the agriculture sector. Ultimately, the law would be a significant move towards the attainment of food sovereignty for all.

An Act on Strengthening of Probing on Funds of Governmental Projects

2024-07-25 07:59:53 UTC

As citizens, all we know that our taxes are the funds of the governmental projects we see daily. But the question is: Do all these funds get maximized efficiently and effectively for these projects, on its purpose of a better living for Filipinos? Or are the project material costs, which can be overpriced to benefit the contractor, rationalized?

These are just some questions that this act can answer without a doubt of corruption, graft, or anything in the same line. By having the Commission of Audit’s more prudent probing on the use of funds, the people will know where their taxes go and that these taxes translate into a better living for us, the citizens.

There should be a definite description of how the funds are used in governmental projects. Whether it be the full list of project materials, costs, contracting parties, or any expenses. The main purpose of this act is to showcase the specifications of how our taxes, as taxpayers, being utilized in the governmental projects. As taxpayers, we should be given the right to see to it that our funds are being used in a manner that will not leave a doubt of corruption or any in that regard.

Indiscriminatory access to emergency contraceptives

2024-07-25 08:06:10 UTC

Every 53 minutes, a woman or child is raped in the Philippines (The Philippine Star, 2016). Every year, about 7 million children are sexually abused; 98% of which are girls, and 33% of which is due to incest (Cameleon Association, 2024). PSA reported 2,478 maternal mortality deaths in 2021 alone (Philippine Daily Inquirer, 2023). More than that, it is reasonable to presume that the reported cases are lower than the actual statistics. Abortion, a highly contentious topic in a very conservative Catholic state, is still illegal in the country. With no access to healthcare, women and children are left to fend on their own, abused, helpless, and terrified — their lives ruined by pregnancy that they did not want, and unable to afford.

While decriminalization of abortion could be milestones away in our country, one small, but very significant step to help protect vulnerable women and children of all ages is to give them access to safe emergency contraceptives. These girls are criminalized even when they are the victims of violations of their own body. I believe that the country should prioritize actual real, live human beings rather than treat them with cruelty and abandon for the sake of lives who are yet to exist. The rights and freedom of these women and children should be protected; everyone, especially children, should have access to good sexual education for their awareness, as they are easily molested by the adults in their vicinity. Every hospital and clinic should offer free emergency contraceptives to desperate women and children and these institutions should treat anyone asking for their help with kindness and utmost sympathy. If women and children are able to prevent unwanted pregnancy caused by unfortunate circumstances by taking emergency contraceptives, a huge burden will be lifted off of their shoulders. They can still be given a chance to live their lives a clean slate, and be able to get away from their abusers.

https://www.philstar.com/headlines/2016/03/05/1560073/one-woman-or-child-raped-every-53-minutes

https://www.cameleon-association.org/contexte-aux-philippines/?lang=en#:~:text=About%207%2C000%2C000%20children%20are%20sexually,are%20under%206%20years%20old.

https://opinion.inquirer.net/162254/philippines-maternal-mortality-rate-worse-than-reported#ixzz8gyZRq6yW

An Act Exempting Menstrual Hygiene Products from Value-Added Tax

2024-07-25 08:07:06 UTC

Menstruation plays a significant part of every woman’s life as it is inherently part of the female condition. To manage their menstrual cycles, women use menstrual hygiene products which include, but aren’t limited to sanitary pads, pantyliners, tampons, and menstrual cups. These products are deemed as necessities because they help manage their hygiene and, without them, women may run into harmful health concerns.

Despite its necessity, many women in the Philippines do not have adequate financial access to these products mainly because of its high cost. There are also women who overlook the purchase of these products because of the stigma that surrounds it. This is a health crisis dubbed as the period poverty which is evident not only in the Philippines, but also the entire world. Moreover, a hidden Value-Added Tax (VAT) is imposed on all menstrual hygiene products in the country, otherwise known as the “Tampon Tax.”

It can be argued that the persistent inclusion of the “tampon tax” in these products impedes women’s right to health, and its affordability and accessibility is essential for achieving gender equity and human dignity. The State has the duty to ensure the fundamental equality of women and promote their right to health. Additionally, our laws do not seem to acknowledge menstrual products alone, much less its necessity.

While making menstrual hygiene products completely free would alleviate the issue of its accessibility, making the government freely distribute these products requires hefty funding and gives women less prerogative to decide which products are the most compatible with their needs. Nevertheless, making all types of menstrual hygiene products free is definitely a path we want to cross moving forward in our legislation, but making them more affordable at this point in time remains more feasible.

The Public Transportation Emergency Reform Act

2024-07-25 08:27:38 UTC

Public transportation is one of the main drivers of economic development and social equity. In societies where the rich and poor alike are equal in transit, prosperity likewise can move equitably through all strata of society. Based on a recent study by JICA, the poor state of our public transportation infrastructure costs the Philippine economy something to the tune of PhP 1.27 Trillion every year, put another way that is almost 10% of GDP. For context, the Philippines in 2019 only spent around 3.9% of GDP on Education, while as an economy we waste 10% of it due to poor transportation infrastructure. The need to reform and to empower the visible hand of government to intervene is of paramount and existential importance to ensure that the nation can survive and then thrive.

My proposed legislation would be composed of the following parts:

Nationalisation of the PUV (Jeeps, UV Express, and Tricycles)
National Subsidisation of the essential passenger and cargo sea, air, and overland transportation routes
Creation of a National Transportation Administration under the Department of Transportation to administer for a the duration of the program the implementation of the said program
Funding for the training, hiring, and employment of the workers in the affected transport sectors as career civil servants under the plantilla of the NTA or the GOCCs that will manage the different transportation sectors
Funding for the construction and/or refurbishment of state-owned and managed common-use physical infrastructure such as dedicated express roads for rapid-bus-transit, common rails for trains, airports and seaports, and the terminals for each type of transit mode.
A Sunset Clause - to limit the abuse of this program, this will run only for 25 years, with industry specific sunsets sooner than that, the objective of the sunset is to provide a specific timeframe for which the effectivity of the policy can be measured; infra that is 'private-sector and free-market ready' will be privatised, while infra that serves an essential public utility but does not make money will remain with the government. This will ensure that the balance between free market economics and social equity are met, with the state bearing the responsibility to find that market clearing point, and be held accountable for it
Provision for the appropriations necessary to fund this program by way of transport bonds (bonds that will payout at the end based on a fixed coupon rate), other revenues, and public debt

I'm sure if this ever became law, it would immediately face a challenge at the Supreme Court on grounds of a grave abuse of discretion and lack or excess of jurisdiction on the part of the State. However, in my opinion this is a legitimate exercise of the powers of the state, namely the police power and eminent domain.

My end goal is to have infrastructure that is efficient, equitable, and functional.

An Act to Improve Living Situation and Treatment of Prisoners, and the Creation of Better Rehabilitation Programs for Incarcerated Individuals

2024-07-25 08:55:05 UTC

It is not a secret that many Filipino prisons houses way past their limit of prisoners. There have also been countless of cases where inmates are being mistreated or unjustly harassed by officers of the law. This has been such a common problem and yet not many see the urgency to remedy this. This is probably because it is hard to defend or promote the wellbeing of a "criminal". BUT it is very important to note, that these prisoners are humans and Filipinos meaning that they might not enjoy the same privileges and freedoms that we have, their rights as human beings are still and always will be intact. And so if i have the privilege of proposing a bill to Congress, it would be towards the creation of better (more humane) living quarters and distribution of prisoners, as well as access of female prisoners to menstrual hygiene products. In addition to this, it would also be beneficial to invest in programs that can help the inmates to find a source of income when they are released, or a better sense of self, or a hobby that can be an outlet of emotional troubles, or a medical professional they can seek advice too - all in order to fully rehabilitate back them into society. As this is one of the goals of the justice system.

An Act Mainstreaming the Utilization of Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System Data in the Formulation of Mangrove Forest Land Use Plans of Local Government Units in the Philippines

2024-07-25 09:11:22 UTC

Mangrove forests are among the most biologically diverse and economically valuable ecosystems around the world. Globally, there are about 70 to 80 species of mangroves covering a total area of 14.5 million hectares (Jia et al, 2023). These ecosystems are known to provide crucial benefits and services such as coastal protection, carbon sequestration, and habitat provision for various flora and fauna species.

Changes in land use and land cover (LULC) pose threats to natural ecosystems such as mangrove forests by altering various ecological processes (Richards & Friess, 2015) such the normal hydrological processes of an ecosystem (Bell & Irwin, 2002) as which consequently results in habitat fragmentation and degradation (Kushwaha et al., 2018) and biodiversity loss (Sharma et al., 2018). Hence, the effective conservation and management of mangrove forests requires a comprehensive understanding of the dynamics of changes in LULC through constant monitoring and projection.

In the past years, researchers have started employing remote sensing (RS) technology and Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques to comprehensively analyze the historical spatiotemporal changes in the land use and land cover LULC of mangrove forests. Through the monitoring and projecting changes in LULC using time-series satellite imagery, aerial photographs, and spatial analysis techniques, researchers were able to track changes in mangrove forest cover, assess the impacts of anthropogenic and natural drivers, and develop predictive models for projecting future changes in LULC.

Remote sensing is widely used in monitoring changes in LULC in mangrove forests. Its time-series feature provides an opportunity to observe the spatiotemporal changes in mangrove forests (Buitre et al., 2019) and other classes within the region of interest. To add, remote sensing provides higher data accuracy and ensures efficiency and repeatability of assessments (Buitre et al., 2019). The following are the advantages of using remote sensing as enumerated by Daquigan (2020):

enables the researchers to acquire information over large areas;
provides qualitative and quantitative measurements of mangrove forests; and,
provides accurate and reliable data on spatial distribution and temporal changes of mangrove forests (Omar et al., 2019).

Aside from the use of remote sensing technology, the monitoring of changes in LULC in mangrove forests also employs GIS techniques to integrate the collected quantitative data with spatial attributes (Treitz and Rogan, 2004; Fan et al., 2008). Aside from this function, the GIS can also be used in projecting future LULC such as the Modules for Land Use Change and Evaluation (MOLUSCE) which is a free plug-in and integrates historical LULC trends, and physical and socio-economic drivers that could affect changes in LULC in mangrove forests.

This legislation proposes the mainstreaming of the use of remote sensing and geographic information system data in the formulation of mangrove forest land use plans of coastal municipalities in the Philippines.

An Act to Regulate Artificial Intelligence Usage for Economic Purposes

2024-07-25 09:20:47 UTC

Our current Cybercrime Laws and Intellectual Property Laws are inadequate in addressing this rising issue at hand. There has been a surge of online businesses posting promotional videos of public personalities like Doc Willie Ong "promoting" their "medicinal supplements and vitamins" which are not DOH and FDA approved. Unregulated AI use has enabled people to mislead and misinform vulnerable persons in our society like the older generations who are unaware and prone to believing misinformation on the internet. It is about time for our Legislative branch to work on amending or adding to our current Cybercrime and Intellectual Property Laws given the rise in the usage of AI. Unethical AI use will negatively impact our society if not mitigated on its earlier phases.

An Act Decriminalizing and Legalizing Abortion in the Philippines

2024-07-25 09:31:58 UTC

While the signing of the RH Bill into law presents itself as a notable stride in advocating for reproductive healthcare in the Philippines, abortion remains illegal and continues to be criminalized in the Philippines. This continues to deprive women of the right to choose when it comes to their own bodies, particularly in dealing with unwanted pregnancies. As such, they are left to resort to unsafe abortions which put their lives at risk, and lead to possible health complications.

With this, I believe that it is high time for abortion to be legalized, and consequently decriminalized in the Philippines. Apart from cases wherein abortion is needed in saving and protecting the health of pregnant women, this option must be made available to all women who are dealing with unwanted pregnancies, especially given that those that result from non-consensual sex exist.

Further, while the Catholic Church holds a great deal of influence in the Philippines and thus retains its “pro-life” stance, I believe that protecting life in terms of abortion must not only acknowledge that which is conceived, but also, and more importantly, of the woman who carries the pregnancy.

Just Energy Transition Act

2024-07-25 09:38:06 UTC

Supposing that I am a member of Congress, I would propose to enact a Just Energy Transition Bill that would ensure a just and humane energy transition prioritizing the health and welfare of people, especially those in vulnerable communities and the marginalized sectors. Although it remains pending in the Senate Committee, Sen. Sherwin Gatchalian has previously filed Senate Bill No. 157 or “An Act Providing for a National Energy Policy and Framework for a Clean and Just Energy Transition in the Country, and Appropriating Funds Therefor” also known as the Energy Transition Act. Up to date, it still does not have a counterpart bill in the House of Representatives, making its passage far from being possible as of writing. The issue now is, upon careful examination of its provisions, the bill remains vague that it almost sounds like it is playing on the safe side provided how various big corporations may possibly be affected by the bill. Among the specific provisions that I would like my proposed Just Energy Transition Act to be must include:

Prioritization of investment and transition on clean, sustainable, and renewable energy sources. The effects of global warming are continually being felt around the world. Not only does this pose threats to our natural environment but also to the health and welfare of people. Part of our obligations under the Paris Agreement is to keep the rise of global temperature for this century to below 2 degrees Celsius only. However, it does not seem that the country is doing proactive efforts on this. The country's energy mix still heavily relies on oil and gas which are extremely harmful to the environment. It is high time that the government perform genuine efforts to keep this world a safe place to live in for the future generations to come. It is also important to note that not all renewable energy sources are encouraged. For instance, Liquified Natural Gas (LNG) and Waste-to-Energy (WtE) Incineration are both under the guise of being renewable energy sources. However, LNG relies on importation which will require huge infrastructures to be built under the oceans. Moreover, WtE Incineration does not also free us from harmful gas emissions.
Protection to people residing in the communities near areas where energy transition would occur. It is important to secure their means of livelihood and that their households must not, by any means, be demolished or relocated.
Strict observance of protected areas, especially those with relevance to our culture and heritage. No energy infrastructures must be built in these areas. We must learn from the recent controversy regarding a resort built in Chocolate Hills of Bohol. Although a completely different issue, we must not let it happen ever again.

The provisions will ultimately be not just solely limited to the aforementioned. Rather, they must be given utmost importance and priority to ensure a just and humane energy transition without compromising the health and safety of both people and our natural environment.

An act creating a legalized process for expedited document approvals

2024-07-25 10:22:52 UTC

Having a "fixer" when it comes to government documents and processes is extremely common in the Philippines. Instead of spending hours waiting in line to get the document or approval you need, one can simply pay a fixer to fast track government processes and acquire these documents much faster. Even if this process is currently illegal, it is still being done discretely between citizens and government employees.

The government can only control the free hand of the market to an extent. Whenever the government over-extends its authority, people will always find a way to bypass it if the service is perceived to be worth the additional costs and risks. Therefore, I believe that it is foolish to think that certain market practices can be stopped simply by simply criminalizing them.

I propose to regulate this "fixing" process by legalizing it and creating standards by which they should be followed. This would enable the government to monitor and tax those who wish to get documents processed quicker while enabling the public to do so without violating the law.

Divorce Bill

2024-07-25 10:27:40 UTC

The Philippines is one of the only two countries in the world that still outlaws divorce. Three days ago, Senate President Chiz Escudero announced that the Senate will not prioritize the divorce bill after the historic vote in the House of Representatives which approved the bill in May 22. The religious objections to divorce should be confined to the four walls of a Church or a home - it has no place in the chambers of Congress when the freedom of large swathes of women are considerably constrained because they cannot access divorce. The alternative, annulment of marriage, is equally cumbersome especially when irreconcilable differences is not an acceptable metric in the Family Code. Outlawing divorce to preserve the sanctity of marriage or to keep families intact has the adverse effect of making all parties unhappy.

An Act Improving Security for Online Transactions

2024-07-25 10:32:56 UTC

We have seen it all in the news - Banks such as BDO and BPI getting breached with suspicious withdrawals from almost foreign sources, a Sari-sari merchant scammed of delivering thousands of pesos to an unverified GCASH Number, internet links and emails trying its best to persuade you into thinking that you have won an iPhone or probably a MacBook.

Filipinos nowadays rely so much on the ease of sending pecuniary resources through the wireless media. Why not? Just a few taps and you have already sent your payment for a delivery you just ordered. But this reliance on technological transactions has made the Filipino digital market vulnerable to phantom exploitations, invisible and untraceable to the everyday consumer. Thus, with this in mind, I would implement an Act that aims to establish comprehensive measures to enhance online transaction security, protect consumer interests, and foster trust in electronic commerce, in recognition of the growing importance of online transactions in modern commerce and the need to ensure consumer protection and security in the Philippines.

Pillars for Act:

Encryption and Data Protection:

I would consider mandating the use of strong encryption protocols and secure transmission methods for all sensitive data transmitted during online transactions. Working with e-commerce experts and data privacy specialists would assist merchants and payment service providers in implementing robust data protection measures to safeguard customer information from unauthorized access or theft. Two-step verification processes are just not enough.

Authentication and Authorization

Another Pillar would be to implement multi-factor authentication (MFA) for high-risk transactions and sensitive actions to verify the identity of users and prevent unauthorized access. Considering the unknowing activities of outside users who can easily access private information, we have to ensure that users have control over their authentication credentials and can securely manage access to their accounts.

Fraud Prevention and Detection

I would require merchants and payment service providers to deploy effective fraud detection systems to identify and mitigate fraudulent transactions promptly. An instant mechanism for reporting and investigating suspected fraud incidents that does not require too many complexities can help alert companies faster.

Consumer Education and Awareness

Promote public awareness campaigns to educate consumers about online transaction security best practices, especially on Phishing, scams, and suspicious users.

With all of these pillars, Online transactions would be more secured and protected.

An Act Amending the Law Against Concubinage

2024-07-25 10:44:08 UTC

I think the law has not sufficiently criminalized concubinage. Most of the time, it is the husband who is consciously co-habiting, providing for, and engaging in sexual acts with the querida. If he were caught and charges were pressed against him, the husband would be criminally liable.

However, I think the querida, when circumstances warrant it, must also be held liable. If she enters the extramarital relationship fully aware that the man she is co-habiting with is legally married yet still continues to co-habit with him and act as if she were his wife, then she must be held criminally liable. The querida must be held accountable for the following crimes (1) violating the sanctity of marriage, (2) destroying the family of the legal wife and insulting her dignity as a mother and a woman, and (3) taking the husband away from his family and preventing him from performing his paternal duties.

An Act Requiring the Mandatory Implementation of Daycares/Children's Spaces in Offices and Workplaces

2024-07-25 10:44:17 UTC

During my Gender and the Law class in my undergraduate studies, I have learned about the statistics of women, single parents, low-income parent/s, as well as read countless of testimonies, unable to juggle the need to work to gain income and take care of their child or children. This struggle could lead to either the compromise of one's capability to do well in one's job or affect the ability to earn the necessary wages and funds to sustain their lives and the needs of their child or children.

I would propose that offices and workplaces must have a daycare center within for their employees or workers to drop off their child during their working hours. The daycare center must have the necessary facilities and amenities needed for children, especially those that are really young. The conditions of these daycare centers should be safe, secure, and well-protected to ensure the safety and well-being of the children in there. And, there must be a daycare supervisor with the right qualifications, experiences, and certifications to watch over the children. Moreover, such supervisors can even take it a step forward and assist the children with learning basic functions and concepts that their parents may not have the time to teach them due to being busy at work.

Of course, this would not be limited to parents who struggle on balancing work and childrearing. All employees of the workplace would be welcome to drop off their children in the office's daycare.

'No Garage, No Car' Bill into an Act

2024-07-25 11:28:15 UTC

The 'No Garage, No Car' bill was proposed by Reps. Salceda, Velasco, Herrera-Dy in 2016. It entails that a car buyer must present proof that they have adequate parking space for their prospective vehicle. The bill seeks to lessen the number of parked cars on the sidewalks and roads, which leads to traffic and pedestrian peril.

I would like to modify this bill by lessening the restrictiveness toward prospective car buyers. Instead of not allowing new car buyers to buy and register their cars, having no proof of parking space would incur fines per month (LGU shall monitor and fine, with help of LTO) instead.

An Act Strengthening the Financial Literacy of the Filipino People

2024-07-25 11:54:15 UTC

Money is always in the mind of the Filipinos, especially considering the economy, wages and benefits, and tax obligations in the country. One of the ways to help the people is through enhancing financial literacy. This has always been a problem in the Philippines where lots of people encounter in their daily lives such as scams, asset and debt management, poor spending, lack of financial preparation, and many more.

This law would focus on the integration of financial literacy in the education of the Filipino youth. By financial literacy education, this would encompass, but not limited to, the basic concepts of savings, personal budgeting, investments, inflation, business, tax responsibilities, etc. At their young age, financial literacy should already be at the back of their minds in preparation for life-changing decisions involving finance during adulthood. The government would also provide free and convenient channels of financial literacy sessions through banks and financial institutions, as not a lot of people have knowledge on the various incentives that the latter offers. Private and corporate institutions may also be mandated to promote financial literacy through educational discussions to further implant its relevance into the minds of people.

Anti-Social Media Parenting Act: An Act Strengthening the Prohibitions on Child Labor And Penalizing Featuring Children in Social Media Parenting Content.

2024-07-25 12:05:40 UTC

Nowadays, I have been seeing more and more children being featured in social media parenting posts and content. There are some parents who post the milestones in their child’s life; first steps, first words, and maybe their first day of school. However, more and more parents are being more comfortable in posting their child’s vulnerable moments under the guise of “educational” parenting content for other parents.

Meltdowns, personal talks and misunderstandings; although these moments documented may serve as educational material for first-time parents; I believe it disregards not only the privacy of the children, but also puts their safety at risk. If I were a lawmaker, I would propose the Anti-Social Media Parenting Act.

This Act will further define RA 7610 or the Special Protection of Children Against Child Abuse, Exploitation and Discrimination Act, Article 6 (e); specifically, I would want it to make documenting a child’s vulnerability; both emotionally and psychologically, and the publication of it through social media to be criminally punishable. This would punish taking a picture or video of meltdowns and medical or behavioral episodes.

In addition to this, I would also prohibit the monetization of these supposed educational parenting content and to be covered under RA 9231 which further strengthens the prohibition for child labor. This is grounded on the fact that these parents would often choose to only dedicate their content to watching the child grow up. Although these social media accounts and platforms would serve as a memorabilia or journal for parenting, the children are not able to fully understand the implications and consequences of their childhood being aired and broadcasted in different social media platforms.

These children, come their majority age, will not be able to remove the traces of their childhood on the internet especially considering the uncredited ‘repost’ culture. Enacting a law that punishes the parents who use their children as sources of “content” and livelihood should discourage them from purely being “poster parents' ' to their poster child. Taking away the camera from the parents –in extension, the gaze of the internet– in these crucial, developmental and vulnerable moments of a child would promote parents to be more present in these instances. It would call for them to focus on addressing and listening to their children, rather than becoming an instructor with a child being used as a mere demonstration of parenting skills.

Definitions

Child: Any individual under the age of eighteen (18)

Social Media Parenting: The act of parents or guardians who show methods of care, education, discipline and interaction with their children on social media platforms through images, videos, short-form content and blogs.

Particular acts to be banned

Posting of Sensitive Content: This would feature any content that would compromise the privacy, safety and security of a child during their most crucial years of development including but not limited to; nudity, medical information and medical status, behavioral and personal struggles or the discussion of private and intimate family matters.

Act allowing safe and medical abortion

2024-07-25 12:39:02 UTC

Sadly, I have been reading a lot of forums in the internet where a lot of women are subjected to undergo illegal and unsafe abortions because it is illegal here in the Philippines. For those who are privileged, they can travel to Thailand (closest, visa-free, and cheapest) option for a safe and medical abortion but not everyone has the option to do so. Although, I do acknowledge that this is a cure effect rather than it is preventive. Alongside this act, I would suggest having strict family planning and contraceptive regulations wherein abortion could end up being the final resort for a lot of women.

An act amending RA 11510 or the Alternative Learning System Act to include a Teacher Education Program for ALS Graduates

2024-07-25 13:12:17 UTC

An act amending RA 11510 or the Alternative Learning System Act to include under Section 8, a program offering Alternative System Graduates to continue a teaching education course to train them to become educators for Alternative Learning with the assistance of the Commission on Higher Education. This gives the beneficiaries of the Alternative Learning System to be hired under the Department of Education Bureau of Alternative Education give back to the ALS program which they have enjoyed by becoming teachers for their chosen program under Section 8 of RA 11510. The provision shall also appropriate funds from the Bureau of Alternative Education in the realization of this program.

An Act Establishing a Magna Carta for Students

2024-07-25 13:17:54 UTC

The purpose of this act will specifically establish a Magna Carta for Students that will include provisions that shall strengthen their to quality education and academic freedom. The realization of quality education as to how students enjoy their right to learn, and the realization of academic freedom as to how students can freely express themselves and be critical, through but not limited to, peaceful assembly and right to organization.

The significance of establishing a Magna Carta for students is for them to have an on-hand concrete document that will protect their rights as enumerated above amidst the looming threat of "red-tagging", harassment, and intimidation against students in schools. The power of this law however should not be confined within the texts and paper that define its provision, it is on how willing the youth to participate and engage with the current issues that surround their communities and sector. Thus, the crafting of this law shall ensure the active participation of the students that it swore to protect, and that is through community assemblies and consultation. This process will ensure that the Magna Carta will genuinely represent the collective demands, narrative, and needs of the country's students.

An Act that Provides Guaranteed Employment

2024-07-25 13:46:38 UTC

The idea behind this act is to be able to provide guaranteed employment for everyone. Poverty is a global issue, with a lot of people not even having a job to sustain themselves, where a lot of people are even homeless. In this Act, the goal is to provide all people who are currently unemployed to have guaranteed employment even without too much credentials like not having to be a High School graduate.

When it comes to poverty, people without a job would probably want one so that they could sustain themselves, where I think it would also be in the interest of our country to take their needs into consideration. Rather than letting them be simply left unemployed and do nothing for our country, why not provide them with employment under the government so that they could also contribute to our economic development.

So in this Act, what I envision is the government creating various government sectors or organizations catered to an economic area with the goal of providing employment. Example is having a Farming sector, where government could automatically hire a person who wants to have employment to work as farmer under the government where he would be trained first before he/she could work, where upon being employed he/she first needs to be trained by the government on how to be one, and then starts to work as a regular employee there. Another is a Fishing sector, where those who wants to be a fisherman could work there. We can also have a Cleaning sector, where we get to have a government sector focused cleaning the country. And so on, where basically that's the idea, to create a government economic focused sectors that would guarantee employment to the unemployed where not only do we get to help those people without a job, but they can also help our country become better.

An act to protect and grow the Philippines' history and culture

2024-07-25 14:44:12 UTC

When traveling to historically-rich places, like Japan, South Korea, China, USA, Spain, etc., you would see how well their history is preserved. May it be architectural, environmental, or preserved in a museum, these countries take care of their history for future generations to come.

It is sad to see our history slowly being erased. If I were to sit in Congress, I would propose the banning of building of infrastructures on natural formations. An example is the building of a resort in the Chocolate Hills in Bohol. This resort completely ruined the natural attraction and was built with no concern whatsoever to what they would forever damage. This was a completely unnecessary move and just made the place look tacky. We should do more in preserving our natural landmarks so that they would live on for years to come.

The baybayin was once our way of writing back in the day, but now only a handful of people can understand and write in this form. This writing system should once again be implemented in our school's curriculum.

There is a mini-series on Netflix that showcases Korea's Food and how they make it like it was the ancient times. We should make shows that showcases how our food is made and how they use to make it during the olden days. There are still some restaurants out there that prepare Filipino dishes the traditional way.

Rural Security and Farmers Act

2024-07-25 15:15:58 UTC

To increase funding for specialty crops
To develop new markets for farmers
Enhance support for local farmers in food/crops that we are in a comparative advantage of
Strengthen funding for conservation efforts and climate resilience [for when farmers face bad weather changes]

An Act Establishing A Special EJK Tribunal Punishing the Perpetrators of the "War-On-Drugs" Campaign

2024-07-25 15:29:15 UTC

The "War on Drugs" campaign conducted by Former President Rodrigo Duterte is estimated to have caused over 30,000 civilian casualties through the conduct of over 200,000 illegal operations. Thousands more were subjected to illegal arrests, ultimately affecting millions of poor Filipino families. The effects of this brutal campaign are far-reaching, yet its perpetrators remain seated in positions of power, and its victims left without reprieve. Crucially, Former President Rodrigo Duterte remains unpunished for the bloody campaign that he waged against this nation.

This law endeavors to facilitate true communal healing by providing for the following:

The establishment of A Special Tribunal tasked with the sole goal of handling cases involving Extrajudicial Killings and other crimes committed under the "War on Drugs" campaign.
A Special Investigation Group tasked with uncovering the systemic involvement of government officials, government agencies, and private militias and "hitmen" that conducted the "War on Drugs" campaign.
A special fund allocated towards the prosecution of Former President Rodrigo Duterte and his cohorts.
The establishment of a special fund that shall be given to victims of the "War on Drugs" campaign and their families.
Foster cooperation with international organizations and groups that are individually conducting their investigations into the "War on Drugs" campaign.

This law shall be patterned after laws in other jurisdictions, such as The Statute of the Iraqi Special Tribunal which put to trial deposed dictator Saddam Hussein, and international laws, such as the London Agreement creating the International Military Tribunal which put to trial several Nazi war criminals.

Much like the

An Act in Regulating the Emergence of Artificial Intelligence (AI), Specifically Deepfake AI

2024-07-25 15:32:14 UTC

Deepfake AI is wherein it uses a program that stems from machine learning. It studies a person's facial features, their movement, and way of speaking. A lot people are being victimized with Deepfake AIs, having their identities taken and placed into another. For example, their recognizable voices being used to scam people or their faces being used to replace another person to fake their identities.

While Deepfake AI may help in certain aspects like how it assists in making videos or in creating pictures a lot easier, non-regulation of it would certainly lead a lot of people into taking advantage of it and harming others. Thus, a law being passed in regards to this would surely protect people's identities and would prevent further crimes from ensuing.

Amending the Family Code of the Philippines

2024-07-25 16:12:41 UTC

Amending the Family Code of the Philippines is crucial for several reasons. It is important to recognize the diverse family structures that exist today. The traditional definition of family is evolving, and the law must reflect the reality of single-parent families, extended families, and families formed by unmarried couples. Second, strengthening provisions to protect children's rights is essential. This includes ensuring their welfare, education, and protection from abuse, neglect, and exploitation.

Additionally, addressing gender biases and promoting equality between men and women in marital relationships, parental responsibilities, and property rights is necessary for achieving gender equality. The Family Code should also provide clearer guidelines on marriage validity, grounds for annulment, and legal separation, as well as streamline divorce processes to reduce legal ambiguities and burdens on couples.

Protecting the elderly's rights and welfare is another important aspect, ensuring they receive appropriate care and support. The recognition of same-sex unions and the rights of LGBTQ+ individuals in family law is crucial for ensuring that all citizens are treated equally under the law. Moreover, updating laws on inheritance and property distribution can ensure fair treatment and protect the rights of all family members, including those in non-traditional family setups.

These reasons of amending the Family Code to ensure it is inclusive, fair, and reflective of contemporary societal values.

An Act Legalizing Safe Abortion in the Philippines

2024-07-25 16:25:17 UTC

Despite the groundbreaking passing of the Responsible Parenthood and Reproductive Health Act (RPRHA) in 2012, the realm of reproductive health remains a contentious and struggle-laden ground for many young Filipino women today. The 2021 Young Adult Fertility & Sexuality Survey reports that 19% of young women aged 15 to 24 years old have began childbearing while 17% have already had a live birth. 14.6% of young women have had unwanted pregnancies with 6% admitting to having resorted to methods of abortion. The 2013 Guttmacher Institute Research Brief traces these outcomes to the the fact that abortion remains illegal and highly stigmatized in the country, pushing women to have abortions in unsanitary conditions utilizing outdated practices thus leading to significant risks and rising mortality rates for Filipino women, specifically poor women, young women, and rural women.

As such, I believe it to be high time that a law legalizing abortion be passed in the country in order to properly deal with such horrid realities of poverty, poor health, suffering, stigma, and discrimination. Naturally, besides decriminalizing the very act of abortion to allow women to claim full reproductive autonomy , it must also provide mechanisms for seeking support prior to abortion, improving post-abortive care, and penalizing the discriminatory behavior and denial of service by health providers.

An Act Amending the rules for Government Officials and Employees

2024-07-25 16:49:22 UTC

Think about it, the highest government position only needs to know how to read and write in order to be able to run for that position, but when we look for a work we need to have a degree and a long list of requirements. This act would ensure a harder requirement for those who wants to be in government, be it an official or an employee. Aside from this, this would ensure that they are indeed qualified and clear of all charges.

An act ensuring schools encourage a healthier lifestyle for children

2024-07-25 16:55:15 UTC

Obesity and unhealthy habits has been growing in the world today. Due to easy access with technology, each individuals social and physical states are often neglected. It can be said that these neglect can increase the chances of both physical and mental disorders. I propose that we start to educate and build habits at a very young age. It should start in schools where they are taught habits and the right actions that they can apply outside the school. Understanding what they can do to prevent this gives them the fighting chance of the lingering and easily addictive vices that are prevalent today.

An Act that champions the cultivation of grassroots Sports Programs in provinces

2024-07-25 17:07:44 UTC

I know that there are recent passed laws that somewhat encompass this idea (such as Republic Act Nos. 11214 and 11470), however, I believe that further emphasizing the grassroots programs in provinces around the Philippines will come a long way in our aspirations to become one of the top performing countries in the sporting world.

I do not think that there is much emphasis in identifying talented youth in different areas around the country right now. Usually, it's a "they'll come to us" basis or we just see them when they are in high-school/college/even at the professional level. I believe that if we set up channels nationwide that can spot potential athletes at an early age, then we can easily enforce the provisions found in RA 11214 and 11470.

This style of investment in youth has been tried and tested all over the globe, wherein perennial sporting powerhouse like the US, like China get an influx of amazing athletes. But, before they become the stars of today, they were honed and put into a system that champions their growth as athletes.

An Act that encourages Environmental Consciousness and Accountability.

2024-07-25 17:42:18 UTC

Climate change drastically affects the Philippines and its citizens, increasing the country’s vulnerability to natural disasters, affecting communities and their livelihoods, and threatening biodiversity.

I would propose the following legislative measures:

Each LGU shall establish an office tasked to secure information and data about the environmental activities in their area.

To require higher taxes for businesses that make use of environmentally detrimental chemicals, materials, or substances.

To mandate government agencies such as the Department of Education and other related stakeholders to teach environmental consciousness and sustainability at all levels.

Majority of the environmental issues in our current climate stem from irresponsible human activities. It is the result of apathy and ignorance, as well as the lack of effective strategies of current policies.

An act amending the Data Privacy Act of 2012

2024-07-25 17:44:21 UTC

With the fast-paced modern world, advancements in technology and the rise of social media became a trend. Thus, posting content on social media became a career/ occupation. Because there are several social media platforms that allows everyone to post pictures and videos, people can post any content they want. These posts can be accessed by anyone on the internet. Consequently, there have been numerous incidents wherein people post videos and pictures of random people’s faces without their consent and posting it for “content”. The Data Privacy Act must have a specific provision that focuses on “content creation” and its repercussions. Consent of those who are included in a content must be present and those who fail to do so must be penalized. With this act, people will be reminded yet again on how to be mindful and cautious in posting and filming private people or events.

Mandating PWD and Pregnant-Women Friendly Infrastructure in Each City.

2024-07-25 17:56:55 UTC

With its narrow pavements and automobile-centered city design, Manila is not pedestrian friendly to begin with already. So only imagine what the PWDs and pregnant ladies have to go through. One may argue, "Oh if they're disabled/pregnant why are they walking on the streets they should know that it's best for them to just take the train/car/bus/trike." I disagree, a citizen should be able to safely and securely walk around the city that they live in at any time, it is an essential component to a good standard of living. Inclusive city infrastructure will give our PWDs and pregnant women a sense of independence knowing that even in the state they are in, if they have or want to, they can walk around the city and not feel so helpless.

Strengthening Elementary and High Schools in underdeveloped provinces of the Philippines

2024-07-25 18:40:56 UTC

This bill is aimed to support public and private schools in far out provinces. It will improve the quality of education in provinces and the facilities.

Potential Parts of the Act are:

Meticulous Observation and Recommendation of respective School Accreditation Authorities
Government aided exchange programs
1. Teachers and School Administrative Personnel
2. Students
Fund for Provincial Schools
1. Teacher’s Fund
2. Facilities
3. Equipment
Provincial School Fairs

An Act that bans convicted criminals from running in office

2024-07-25 18:44:27 UTC

The Philippines has a history of keeping convicted politicians in power. Graft, fraud, embezzlement, extortion, racketeering, and the lack of transparency are just some of the examples of the charges certain politicians have, while still being in power and voted by the Filipino people. This act can help prevent the lack of action and the abuse of power politicians have while being seated in a place of power.

Supporting Farmers Act

2024-07-25 18:53:31 UTC

Coming from a province that's agricultural and where most people have farming as their main source of income, I would like to have a law that supported our local farmers. As much as there are programs that give subsidy to farmers, I don't believe that should be an end all be all. I think there should be a sustainable long-term plan of action that addresses main issues experienced by our farmers.

The Rice Tariffication Law
Instead of prioritizing the importation of rice, we should find a way to increase the level or quality of locally produced crops. I've seen people, whose main crop is Rice, stop planting rice and switch to other crops to adapt to the changing times. I worry that if this continues we might stop producing rice and will have to solely rely on the importation of such.
Increasing and incentivizing farmers to learn about modern agricultural techniques. Most children who have parents as farmers don't venture out into agricultural because of the notion "walang pera sa pagsasaka". Stoping the stigmatization of these jobs will hopefully encourage younger generations that farming or becoming a farmer is a viable career.
Disaster-preparedness and relief.
When planting crops farmers face multiple issues. One, the drought in the summer. Two, the heavy rains when typhoon season comes. Lastly, other external factors (pests, problems with distribution, etc). I think there should be a system in place that prioritizes them and their lands in order to properly execute a long-term sustainable plan.
Equipping agricultural LGU's with farming equipment that can be used and borrowed by farmers. This will also include mandatory training to handle the machinery or hiring an expert to operate said machinery.
Strictly verifying or supervising local (may it be the provincial or the municipality) programs to strictly adhere and comply with monitoring that said programs.

Talent Development for Underprivileged Youth Act

2024-07-25 19:02:55 UTC

Primary Objective: Support talented children with limited resources to excel in sports and enhance the country’s nationalism through sports.

The Act establishes a Talent Support Fund for financial assistance with training, equipment, and resources. It offers scholarships, provides necessary equipment, access to facilities, and mentorship.

It also includes building and upgrading sports facilities, such as stadiums and training centers, to improve training environments and promote sports nationwide.

Community and school programs will identify and support talented youth through local training and workshops. The Act will boost athletes’ marketability by increasing media exposure and promotional activities, enhancing visibility and attracting sponsorships.

Overall, the Act aims to develop future sports champions from underprivileged backgrounds and strengthen the Philippines' national pride in sports. The Act also hopes to improve on the status quo as seen in the on-going Paris Olympics.

Free Complete Meals for Primary to High School Students.

2024-07-25 19:44:16 UTC

This law would provide public school students under primary to secondary education free and healthy breakfast, lunch, and afternoon snacks every school year. The rationale behind this law is to help combat malnutrition, as nutrition is an important component of children's growth and development. It would also help alleviate another barrier for underprivileged students by ensuring they have the proper sustenance they need to go to school and focus on their studies.

An Act Implementing Media Literacy Lessons in High School

2024-07-25 22:31:45 UTC

With the prevalence of fake news in our country lessons prioritizing discernment and analysis the news is important. Media literacy would be integrated to an English subject from grade 9 all the way to grade 12 The lessons will be structured in a way where core skills will be taught and improved each year.

An act that would empower women's sports and athletes

2024-07-25 23:29:01 UTC

As we enter the 2020s, women's sports has grown to exponential heights, going past the shadow of being secondary to their male counterparts.

With the huge success of local athletes such as Hidilyn Diaz and Nesthy Petecio, I think it's time to formally create an institution that would empower the next generation of female Filipino athletes. I believe that our young Filipinas have potential to reach great heights internationally, but this may only happen if we develop our grassroots program.

An Act To Enforce a Living Wage

2024-07-25 23:44:23 UTC

As workers are desperate to ensure any source of livelihood, despotic employers have take advantage of this by hiring workers on contractual terms of employment. As contractual workers, they are not entitled to the benefits of a regular employee, like a minimum wage. However, a minimum wage had been proven to be insufficient in meeting the daily needs of an individual, or much more an entire family. Such is the reason for a living wage. Theoretically, a living wage is an amount that can afford the worker better access to daily needs and extra savings. The implementation of such would greatly benefit millions of Filipinos.

Universal Access to Cancer Care Act

2024-07-26 01:35:12 UTC

Cancer remains a significant health burden in the Philippines, with a high incidence rate and substantial mortality. The cost of cancer treatment is often prohibitively expensive, making it challenging for economically disadvantaged individuals to access necessary care. Recognizing this, the Philippine government has enacted the National Integrated Cancer Control Act (NICCA) or Republic Act No. 11215 to improve cancer care and support for all Filipinos, especially the poor.

However, despite these initiatives, several gaps remain in ensuring that all cancer patients, especially those from remote or underserved areas, can access the necessary care and financial support. These gaps include bureaucratic complexities, limited geographical coverage, and varying levels of infrastructure and resource availability.

Expansion of Services: Increase the number of hospitals and healthcare facilities equipped to provide cancer care services under the Cancer Assistance Fund.
Mobile Cancer Clinics: Establish mobile clinics to provide screening, diagnosis, and treatment in remote areas.
Simplified Application Process: Streamline the documentation and application process for accessing the Cancer Assistance Fund, including digital submission options and reduced paperwork requirements.

This act can address the existing gaps in cancer care accessibility, making it more inclusive and effective for all, particularly the economically disadvantaged.

An act that would require the incorporating sustainable green spaces in urban cities and infrastructures alike

2024-07-26 01:55:21 UTC

This legislation would be the similar to the Existing Building legislation enacted in 2012 in Singapore that would focus on reducing carbon foot print and energy consumption as well as incorporating a certain percent of green lands in infrastructure based on the buildings total area.

EB Legislation main goals:

1) Minimum Green Mark1 Certified standard for buildings with gross floor area of at least 15,000 m2

2) Three-yearly energy audit on building cooling system for buildings with gross floor area of at least 15,000 m2

3) Annual mandatory submission of building information and energy consumption data for all commercial buildings

Other methods in incorporating green spaces in urban cities are through green roofs, urban agriculture, vertical gardens and alike. Having more plants in car and people congested areas help regulate temperature and air quality. Additionally, it can make places more aesthetically pleasing when executed well!

A Law to amend taxation percentages, focusing on the 1%

2024-07-26 02:27:26 UTC

It's no secret that a living wage barely puts food on the table nowadays. Aside from the rising prices of food and necessities, availing government-endorsed aid is sometimes like threading a needle. The average Filipino is left to fend for themself and their families, expecting little to no assistance from the Government that promises much, in exchange for taxes.

This much is true: Taxation is a difficult subject. It is confusing to accomplish without the proper hired assistance, and sometimes makes or breaks a business. If taxation wasn't as difficult as it is, there would be no need to have exams licensing our Accountants.

But the fact of the matter is that the average Filipino does not have a hired accountant (unless their CPA niece or nephew is there to help them out!). Many small businesses (carrinderias, bakeries, car washes) die out if they attempt to correctly register their businesses to the BIR because of the many hoops of certifications to not only jump through but also pay for. Real Filipino dreams are crushed beneath the monoliths that are SM and American brands that make their way into our economies, profiting off our people's money. The small business owner never had a chance.

Don't get me wrong, the National Treasury cannot be left without. But if I were able, I would amend the current Taxation schemes we have to: relax requirements for small businesses, and strictly enforce (and adjust) requirements to the monoliths in the game. There should be no reason for us to enforce the same rules in this casino-of-life to both the players who are on their last lifeline, and the players with more lifelines than any of us can finish counting.

An Act Amending RA 10066 or the National Cultural Heritage Act and Expanding the Scope of Sites Under its Protection

2024-07-26 02:39:28 UTC

RA 10066 was a reactive piece of legislature that was enacted only in response to the demolition of cultural heritage sites such as the Manila Jai Alai Building or the destruction of the Huluga archeological site. It has enabled the Philippines to be conservative and protective of its historical markers, and allowed its people to be appreciative of such. The criteria for classifying cultural heritage has been stringent (as it must be), however, the community component lacking. The involvement of the local community in defining these heritage sites must be at the foreground. And so, this bill I propose makes the application process for classifying cultural property and heritage sites easier and more accessible to the local community. This way, even if a local government unit does not act upon its duty to register presumed important cultural property, residents, the community that find such property significant to them may push forward with the procedure themselves directly.

An Act to amend the Philippine Immigration Law and Processes

2024-07-26 02:41:25 UTC

From 3,300 unwanted aliens barred from entering the Philippines to a massive influx of Chinese students in provinces last 2023, The rising case of illegal immigration in the country is at an all time high.

This legislation seeks to revisit and revise salient laws and also to modify the immigration process to address the rising problem of illegal immigration and keep up globally in modernizing the whole procedure.

These are some of the measures I would like to propose:

Lower the allowed “quota immigrants” per year
Observation of deep scrutinization of applicants and their visa types
Stricter and heavier fines and penalties for people who violate or try to circumvent the law and those who aid in the act.
Strict monitoring of immigrants and visitors with regards to the period of their visa while in the Philippines
Funding of Border Control Operations - to train and update the current process they have
Modernization of the Immigration process - funding the government to acquire advance technologies

An Act that Reforms the Licensing of Aircraft Pilots in the Philippines

2024-07-26 02:48:18 UTC

The current licensing system imposed by the Civil Authority of the Philippines (CAAP) adopts the type rating system which is cumbersome to pilots who want to expand their competencies in operating various aircrafts. These regulations restrict the types of aircrafts that pilots can operate and imposes excessive investment of time and financial resources, when attaining one's Commercial Pilot License is already so expensive. Furthermore, CAAP severely limits the job opportunities that its pilots can seize by requiring different training and certification for similar aircrafts.

These are some CAAP licensing system reforms that I would propose to help alleviate the inefficiencies facing the livelihood of Filipino aircraft pilots:

Remove the type rating system for General Aviation Aircraft and instead implement a class rating system, following that of the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA).

Type Rating Example: Let’s say you own a car, a Hyundai Accent. Every time you buy another car, you'll need to have the LTO train and certify you again to use an Elantra and again for a Santa Fe. Likewise it's a different training and certification if you decide to get a Honda, a Ford, or a Toyota.

The class rating system is similar to our current driver licensing system where one is authorized to operate a class of automobiles instead of individual models.
Following this, an endorsement from an instructor will be suitable and valid for taking up an additional endorsement such as a complex/high-performance aircraft.
Licenses will not expire, but medical certificates will. Commercial/Private Pilot licenses shouldn't expire but rather medical certificates be renewed to exercise the Pilot-in-Command privileges. If not renewed, only Second-in-Command hours or dual hours will be exercised from said license holder.
Medical certificates upon expiry should not expire but get downgraded. For example, you hold a commercial license and hold a class 1 medical certificate; upon expiry of class 1, it should just be downgraded to a medical class 2. However, limitations on privileges should be enforced. This includes the limitation of exercising pilot privileges and limitation to not carry passengers.
Upon renewal of medical certificate, holder will be allowed to exercise Commercial Pilot License (CPL) privileges.

An Act Establishing a proper work life balance

2024-07-26 04:04:53 UTC

With the Philippines ranking 59th out of 60 countries in the Global Work-Life Balance index of 2024, I believe now would be the time to implement an act that would ensure the well-being of employees through the assurance that they get to live as much as they work. In particular, this act would cover:

Establishing limits on companies' ability to delegate work after work hours.
Establishing limits on the amount of work being given to an employee.
Establishing a more lenient and lengthy PTO's for employees.

Agricultural Transportation Act of 2024

2024-07-26 04:06:31 UTC

AN ACT TO ENHANCE LOCAL AGRICULTURAL SUSTAINABILITY AND LESSENING AGRICULTURAL IMPORTS.

In the first quarter of 2024, the Philippines' agricultural imports were valued at USD 4.3 billion, accounting for 14.9% of the country's total imports (PSA, 2024). Of this, USD 272.48 million was attributed to imports of animals and vegetable products. Additionally, the Philippines is projected to import 4.1 Million Metric Tons (MMT) of rice in 2024 -- making the country the top rice importer globally.

Despite being an agricultural country, the Philippines faces challenges in local agricultural sustainability. One significant issue is that imported agricultural products are often cheaper than locally produced goods, partly due to high transportation costs. These costs can make locally produced items less competitive in the market.

The Agricultural Transportation Act of 2024 aims to address these issues by subsidizing the transportation costs of agricultural products from farms to local markets. This will help reduce the financial burden on farmers and make locally produced goods more competitive with imported goods.

Transportation Subsidies:
- Local Government Units (LGUs) will be responsible for covering the transportation expenses of farmers' agricultural produce to their local markets. This will be included in their annual budgets.
- LGUs will coordinate with farmers to streamline the transportation process and ensure the delivery of produce.
Financial Support for Farmers:
- By subsidizing transportation costs, farmers will have more resources to invest in their operations.
- The reduced transportation costs will enhance the competitiveness of local produce by lowering prices in local markets.
Market Competitiveness:
- With the reduction of transportation cost, locally produced agricultural produce will be more affordable and will be able to compete with the prices of imported produce.
- This increase in competition will likely entail a higher demand for local produce which would benefit farmers and foster agricultural sustainability.
Economic Benefits:
- The Act is expected to contribute to a more sustainable agricultural sector by reducing dependency on imported goods.
- Eliminating transportation cost will help stabilize local market prices and support economic growth through increased local production.
Implementation:
- LGUs will receive guidance with managing and allocating funds for the agricultural transportation from an overseeing body.
- Regular monitoring and evaluation will be conducted to ensure the effective use of subsidies and assess the impact on local markets.

An Act Prohibiting Political Dynasties.

2024-07-26 04:22:12 UTC

This is something that is very prevalent in our country. I believe that political dynasties is what causes corruption in our country given that it deviates from every individual's right to a fair election.

Menstrual Equity Act

2024-07-26 04:37:50 UTC

I took a lot of focus on gender issues when I chose Sociology as my undergraduate program. In an attempt to explain this as concisely as possible: Gender minorities (women, the LGBT+ community, etc.) are systemically oppressed; hence, they face a disproportionate amount of struggle in the social, political, and economic dimensions of life. Focusing on the latter dimensions, I believe that the law must be responsive to these existing inequalities and alleviate them as much it is possible.

This proposal is inspired by a project that one of my organizations did last year. Essentially, menstrual products were placed in campus bathrooms—free of charge.

That being said, this act seeks to promote access to health and hygiene by alleviating barriers to essential products—free menstrual products. In one of my past gender classes, I learned about the Gender and Development (GAD) budget policy, also known as The Women's Budget, to fund resources that support women's empowerment—particularly those in poverty. I also recall the Magna Carta of Women reinforcing this budget policy. The Act may find financial support in this budget policy.

I cannot yet provide a concrete system for the actual distribution of the products as well as a specific list of it (menstrual pads, tampons, etc.) as I believe the necessary research and surveying must be done before making such decisions. This way, the Act may be closer to serving the needs of the women that it targets.

An Act to expedite the process of law suits within the Philippines

2024-07-26 06:17:30 UTC

I strongly believe that there is an excess of bureaucracy involved with lawsuits in the Philippines, and that lawsuits lasting more than 5 or 10 years before being settled is detrimental to the people's behavior and belief towards the legal system. By then, the party seeking remedy may have already had their lives significantly negatively affected by the case with which they filed a lawsuit for, and the justice system served to only add unto their suffering, both financially and mentally through the funds needed and the stress caused by being involved in a lawsuit.

An act to increase the minimum sidewalk width in the Philippines

2024-07-26 06:29:04 UTC

I would like to enact the law the minimum width of the sidewalks in the Philippines would increase. Under Department Order 037, series of 2009, the minimum width of the sidewalk stands at 1.2m. In developing roadworks and highways of possible new cities or developments, I would like to increase that requirements to 3m. This would promote people to walk around cities and to be less dependent on cars even for short distances. This way, Filipinos could experience and feel safe from transportation knowing that the sidewalks are large. This also allows for people to interact and socialize knowing that there are bigger public spaces to walk, jog, and exercise in.

In my opinion the current sidewalks of 1.2m is just too narrow and when walking around, I find that I always set foot in incoming traffic or perhaps the bicycle lane. Promoting this would improve the mobility of people in the Philippines and more important improve the health of Filipinos especially knowing that they could walk on foot.

An Act Requiring Voters Education as part of the Education Curriculum of the Philippines

2024-07-26 06:45:44 UTC

Voters hold great power. Educating and Strengthening our voting public should start in school.

Pink-Tax Abolishment Act

2024-07-26 06:55:25 UTC

There are certain inequalities within our society regarding the consumption products marketed to women that are very similar to the ones marketed to men. The products that are marketed as "regular" are those for the male consumption, while they have to market "special" products for female consumption and cost way more than the usual prices (i.e., razor blades, creams, abdominal medicines, etc.).

Thus, I would like to abolish this and promote for an equal market between both sexes, also to abolish certain stigmas between male and female products.

An Act Preventing the Rampant Internet Fraud

2024-07-26 06:59:20 UTC

In our increasingly modern world, which heavily relies on technology, "cashless" transactions have become commonplace, whether conducted through online e-commerce platforms or in physical stores. Once considered unconventional, online transactions became a significant part of the "new normal" during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020, as it helped limit the spread of the virus through physical cash.

However, this shift has also given rise to new forms of theft and fraud, as individuals have found ways to exploit online financial systems. "Internet consumer deception," also known as "Internet fraud," is defined by Grazioli and Jarvenpaa as the malicious manipulation of information presented online to induce consumers to act in ways that unfairly benefit the provider of the manipulated information (Grazioli & Jarvenpaa, 2000).

A survey conducted in the Philippines during the fourth quarter of 2023 revealed that over 50% of respondents had experienced internet fraud through phishing attacks (Balita, 2024). These attacks involve fraudulent websites designed to mimic legitimate ones, tricking victims into entering their personal data. Fraudsters then use this information to access and withdraw funds from the victims' accounts.

To address this issue, I propose the following measures to combat rampant internet fraud:

Enhance Cybersecurity Measures: Implement stricter security protocols for all e- money and banking applications. This includes requiring multi-factor authentication and regular software updates for applications such as GCash, PayMaya, BPI Online, BDO Online, UnionBank Online, and others.
Utilize Blockchain Technology: Adopt blockchain technology to secure transactions and reduce the risk of fraud.
Increase Public Awareness: Educate the Filipino population about internet fraud through educational talks organized by Local Government Units and incorporate safe cybersecurity practices into the curricula of grade schools, high schools, and undergraduate programs.

These initiatives aim to strengthen defenses against internet fraud and ensure a safer online environment for all users.

An Act Preventing the Rampant Internet Fraud.

2024-07-26 07:01:37 UTC

To address this issue, I propose the following measures to combat rampant internet fraud:

Enhance Cybersecurity Measures: Implement stricter security protocols for all e- money and banking applications. This includes requiring multi-factor authentication and regular software updates for applications such as GCash, PayMaya, BPI Online, BDO Online, UnionBank Online, and others.
Utilize Blockchain Technology: Adopt blockchain technology to secure transactions and reduce the risk of fraud.
Increase Public Awareness: Educate the Filipino population about internet fraud through educational talks organized by Local Government Units and incorporate safe cybersecurity practices into the curricula of grade schools, high schools, and undergraduate programs.

These initiatives aim to strengthen defenses against internet fraud and ensure a safer online environment for all users.

Legalization of Divorce Act

2024-07-26 07:22:42 UTC

This act aims to legalize divorce in the Philippines. The Philippines is one of the only two countries in the world, besides the Vatican that does not allow divorce.

While this bill is currently being considered in Congress, in the case it does not pass, I as a legislator would propose this act again.

Hiwalaya Divorce Act:

2024-07-26 07:59:47 UTC

It legalizes the divorce in the Philippines. Given the magnitude of marital issues and affairs within the Philippines, I have decided to craft my proposals by amending some of the provisions of the current Divorce Bill presented in the Senate. As such, the processing of a divorce petition starts with the eligibility of spouses - one of the parties should be a Filipino citizen, domiciled in the Philippines at the time of filing, and should possess a substantial connection with the Philippines. Likewise, there needs to be a reason for filing a divorce, and the filing can come from either both or only one of the spouses. A petition can only be deemed valid after a year of marriage unless the case has exceptional circumstances or hardship to the petitioner.

In accordance with the Family Code of the Philippines, here are the amended grounds for absolute divorce:

Physical, mental, and emotional abuse and violence, directly and indirectly against the petitioner, a common child, or a child of a petitioner;
Attempts of homophobic violence, sexual abuse, sexual assault, sexual harassment, and rape against the petitioner, a common child, or a child of a petitioner;
Forcing the petitioner to change a religious belief or political affiliation through the use of physical violence or moral pressure;
One of the spouses is an alcoholic, is addicted to drugs, is a gambler, or has other vices that are difficult to cure;
An attempt of the respondent to corrupt or induce the petitioner, a common child, or a child of a petitioner to engage in prostitution, connivance, or any form of sex work;
Final judgment sentencing the respondent to imprisonment of more than two (2) years, even if pardoned, unless the crime committed is considered grave;
The homosexuality of the respondent;
Respondent contracting a bigamous relationship inside or outside the Philippines;
Infidelity, perversion, or having an illegitimate child while married, unless there’s a mutual
agreement between spouses, or a child outside the body, or when a child was conceived and born
due to rape;
An attempt by the respondent against the life, liberty, physical, moral, and sexual liberty of the
petitioner, a common child, or a child of a petitioner;
Abandonment of respondent without a known cause for more than one (1) year;
Manifestation of obsessive behavior towards the petitioner, a common child, or a child of a
petitioner
There is no need for spouses to be legally separated before filing a divorce petition. However, in

accordance with maintaining the sanctity, solidarity, and development of spouses’ welfare, the proper court shall not begin the trial of a petition for absolute divorce before the expiration of a six-month cooling-off period following the filing of the petition, during which the court shall make all reasonable efforts to reunite and reconcile the parties, except on the grounds outlined in summary judicial

proceedings. Nonetheless, the requirement of the cooling-off period shall not apply in cases that involve acts of abuse, violence, assault.

The SOGIESC Equality Law

2024-07-26 08:50:17 UTC

While this bill is currently being discussed in the halls of Congress, it still fails to be passed and is considered to be the oldest bill --- being introduced in the 14th Congress until now.

This law would basically have the same provisions and statutes like the one in Congress. But the an additional provision would be the consideration of sexual characteristics. As the world is changing, we are faced with more complexities of our sexual orientation, gender identity, gender expression, and sexual characteristics. As such, this law would protect and uphold the rights of people who do not fit in the hetero-normative spheres.

SOGIE Bill

2024-07-26 14:37:13 UTC

SOGIE Bill is a propose legislation in hopes of protecting individuals from discrimination based on their sexual orientation, gender identity, and gender expression. This is crucial to the Philippines, where discrimination against members of the LGBTQ+ has been existent for the time being.

Essentially, the bill seeks to address inequalities faced by the aforesaid members by promoting inclusivity and opportunities in almost, if not all, aspects of life, i.e. employment and education.

Unfortunately, despite attempts to turn this into a bill, it has faced opposition and has not yet been enacted. Thus, discourse and healthy debates are paramount for the bill to be accepted by the Filipino people.

Abolishment of the Forgiveness Clause in the Rape Law

2024-07-26 15:28:21 UTC

As of this writing, the rape law of the Philippines, or Republic Act No. 8353, under Article 266-C. Effect of Pardon, states that "The subsequent valid marriage between the offended party shall extinguish the criminal action or the penalty imposed." This clause could also be called the "forgiveness clause". This is because this clause pardons the rapist as long as they marry their victim. As such, this encourages rapists to coerce or force their victims into marriages to avoid prosecution. Having such a clause could further hurt and traumatize the victim as they may face continued harassment from their rapist and their family.

This clause is tied to the archaic belief that a person, especially a woman, must be pure when going into marriage. When such an assault is done against them, it brings them shame and judgement from society. It is believed that marriage would preserve the dignity of the victim and their family. However, this is far from reality as it only allows the criminal to continue to harass the victim and escape punishment.

According to Johnson (2021), only twenty countries still have this clause. Last 2023, Rep. JC M. Abalos II filed the House Bill (HB) 9083 or “An Act Protecting Rape Victims Against Coerced Marriage”. In addition to repealing the “forgiveness clause”, it also hopes to add rape as a valid basis for annulment (De Layola, 2023).

Sources:

De Layola, Z. (2023). "Bill protecting rape victims vs. coerced marriage filed". Philippine News Agency. https://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1209440

Johnson, S. (2021). "‘Marry your rapist’ laws in 20 countries still allow perpetrators to escape justice". The Guardian. https://www.theguardian.com/global-development/2021/apr/14/marry-your-rapist-laws-in-20-countries-still-allow-perpetrators-to-escape-justice

Legalizing Same-sex Marriage

2024-07-26 15:34:14 UTC

The Philippines is dominated by the Catholic religion, which is known for believing that marriage can only exist between a man and a woman. Despite the progressiveness our society has achieved to this day, our country may not yet be prepared to expand the recognition of marital unions regardless of gender.

But my question is, when will we be ready? Changes don’t come on their own; legislative efforts to uphold equal rights and non-discrimination help promote greater social acceptance and inclusion. Much like the SOGIE bill, the mere presence of a bill that legalizes same-sex marriage will be a game-changer to our society. Furthermore, a civil marriage is a legal contract and must be exclusive from religious definitions. Thus, as a member of Congress, my first legislative act would be the legalization of same-sex marriage.

Proposal: allowing same-sex couples to obtain marriage license through a civil wedding.

#SexWorkisWork - Decriminalize Sex Work!

2024-07-26 16:11:30 UTC

During my undergraduate years, I have advocated (and is continuously advocating) for the legalization of sex work to provide sex workers with the legal protections and healthcare access they need. During my advocacy work in undergrad, I had the opportunity to have a discourse with sex workers, many of whom expressed a strong desire for their work to be acknowledged and respected. This legal change would not only safeguard their rights but also promote a more just and compassionate understanding of sex work in our society.

Sex work is a profession that has long been surrounded by stigma and misconceptions, leading to significant challenges for those who choose it as their means of livelihood. Despite the diversity and reality of the profession, it is often not recognized as legitimate work. This lack of recognition means that sex workers do not enjoy the same rights and protections afforded to workers in other industries. They are often denied access to basic healthcare, face significant legal and social discrimination, and are more vulnerable to exploitation, abuse, and unsafe working conditions.

Indeed, legalizing sex work would be a crucial step in ensuring that sex workers are treated with the dignity and respect they deserve. It would provide them with legal protections, ensuring their safety and well-being. Access to proper healthcare would also become a reality, allowing for regular medical check-ups and support services that are currently out of reach for many. Moreover, legal recognition would help to dismantle harmful stereotypes and reduce the stigma associated with the profession.

An Act Amending RA 7394 The Consumer Act of the Philippines to include influencer marketing

2024-07-27 00:05:37 UTC

The fundamental basis of consumer protection is the right to accurate information and safeguarding individuals against unfair, unconscionable, and deceptive sales practices. In light of the rise of social media marketing and influencers, a growing number of consumers are becoming susceptible to the strategies employed in their advertising and marketing endeavors. Despite being one of the largest players in the marketing industry, influencers are left unregulated and held to no legal standards when it comes to their sponsorships or brand deals. The lack of existing laws governing their transactions with brands leaves consumers vulnerable to any possible dishonesty or false advertising as their is no legal accountability. This amendment to the existing to the Consumer Act will include influencers as advertisers to promote honesty in social media marketing.

Philippine Scientists Support Act

2024-07-27 14:17:48 UTC

The recent CoVid-19 pandemic has brought about the importance of science and technology in our society. From the creations of rapid test kits to the innovation of vaccines, Science has played a crucial role in keeping our health and environment intact. With little to no programs and funds available for our scientists, they are left to scavenge their own resources to conduct experiments and researches that may introduce to us relevant discoveries that may elevate the Philippine economy and academics. Development does not merely happen in terms of economic achievement but rather is obtained through holistic growth in all sectors of the country. With this, the Philippine Scientists Support Act will allow local scientists to continue their profession and foster their talent through research and by providing comprehensive support. This may cover from scientific funds, use of facilities, incentives for new innovations, support in international conferences and more that would help the community thrive and promote national development.

Mandatory Autopsy!

2024-07-28 15:03:43 UTC

If I were part of Congress, I would pass Senate Bill No. 1307 as a law - "AN ACT REQUIRING MANDATORY AUTOPSY ON BODIES OF CRIME VICTIMS, DEATHS UNDER MYSTERIOUS AND SUSPICIOUS CIRCUMSTANCES, AND FOR OTHER PURPOSES." As of the moment, its status is still pending. In the Philippines, we often hear news of deaths in the country that go unexplained, which forensic science can help with.

In the Bill's explanatory note, it goes into detail about how the 1996 Sanitation Code is the only code that deals with autopsies and is antiquated, unrealistic, and impractical. By furthering the agenda of science and technology in our country, it can pave the way for not only the medical field but even the police force to help solve and understand the nature of these crimes further.