https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0 en-us 2017-03-03 19:47:42 UTC 2017-05-17 04:52:29 UTC hello@padlet.com heather_mcsweeney https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157727426 - Appeals are possible when the losing party can claim that the trial court made an error of law.
- An error of law occurs when the judge makes a mistake about the law applicable in the case. 
- . A judge’s error is considered minor as long as it does not affect the outcome of the trial; in cases involving minor errors of law, the trial court decision will not be reversed.]]> 2017-03-03 19:49:05 UTC https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157727426 heather_mcsweeney https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157727887 - The fair administration of justice is called procedural due process. 
- Fair procedures help prevent arbitrary, unreasonable decisions. 
- Due process also ensures that police, lawyers, judges, and jurors must follow the same basic procedures regardless of the defendant. ]]> 2017-03-03 19:50:48 UTC https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157727887 heather_mcsweeney https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157728303 - There are no juries or witnesses in an appeals court, and no new evidence is presented. 
- Only lawyers appear before the judges to make legal arguments.
-  A court of appeals may decide an appeal in one of three ways: it may uphold the trial court’s decision, reverse the trial court’s decision, or send the case back to the lower court to be tried again. 
- When appeals courts decide a case, they usually issue a written opinion explaining their ruling.
- Unless appealed to the highest court in the state, or to the U.S. Supreme Court, decisions of an appeals court are final.]]> 2017-03-03 19:52:27 UTC https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157728303 heather_mcsweeney https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157728680 - State and local courts interpret and apply state and local laws. 
- State courts decide most cases involving state law, which include most criminal, family, contract, and juvenile law cases.
- Local courts are part of their state court system and decide cases involving local laws, like those concerning littering or parking violations. - Cases involving many, but not all, federal laws can also be tried in the state court system.]]> 2017-03-03 19:54:04 UTC https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157728680 heather_mcsweeney https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157729074 - Each state has its own court system and most of the legal cases in the United States are resolved in state courts. 
- State courts can hear a wide variety of cases involving state and local laws, the state or federal constitution, and some federal laws. 
- This makes them courts of general jurisdiction. 
- The federal courts are considered to be courts of limited jurisdiction, just as the federal government is a government of limited, enumerated powers. 
- Federal courts can generally hear cases that raise questions about a federal law or the federal constitution.
- In addition, federal courts can sometimes decide cases that deal with state law if the parties to the case are from different states and a large amount of money is in question. ]]> 2017-03-03 19:55:41 UTC https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157729074 heather_mcsweeney https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157729522 - Article I, Section 8, of the U.S. Constitution gives Congress the authority to “make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces.” 
- This allowed Congress to develop a separate justice system specifically for the U.S. military that is overseen by the president as the commander in chief of the armed forces.
- Violations of the UCMJ are heard in proceedings called courts-martial, which are like criminal trials but consist of judges and attorneys drawn from legal officers of the military branch in which the violation occurred. ]]> 2017-03-03 19:57:35 UTC https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157729522 heather_mcsweeney https://padlet.com/heather_mcsweeney/n5mqav44spt0/wish/157730089 - Tribal courts hear a broad range of both criminal and civil cases involving both Native Americans and non-Native Americans. 
- The work of tribal courts strongly reflects the culture of the people they serve.
- The jurisdiction of such courts varies based on such factors as the location of the offense and the status of both the defendant and the plaintiff.

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