dialogues by yssal genderequality

Naz

2022-03-03 05:30:42 UTC

Irmak

2022-03-03 05:33:24 UTC

Hi Darin,
I want to talk about fathers not accepting when girls have a boyfriend, and encouraging boys to have girlfriends. Is it the same in your country?
https://images.app.goo.gl/Bfu9ZJeiZCcAmQEw7

tuana

2022-03-03 05:34:31 UTC

Sudenur

2022-03-03 05:37:02 UTC

Hi Giulia,
I want to talk about a topic that is really common in my country. When there was a femicide in my country, even woman was the victim they ask ," Why did the woman go to this place?" "What time was that?" "What did she wear?" People always judge on the woman. It is not humane. If you want, we can discuss about this topic.

Nehir

2022-03-03 05:41:26 UTC

Hi Francisca! I want to talk about gender inequalities in tales. As you know the books that we have read since we were child have princesses and princes. And the princesses always want to be saved from the castle. I’m disturbed by that. I’m waiting for your answer.🙃

2022-03-04 09:45:59 UTC

Hey Arda

How are you ?
Do you want to talk about the topic Gender roles shown on advertisements on media ? Or do you prefer a other topic ?
Best regards
Romy

2022-03-04 09:47:01 UTC

Hello, I don`t really have a own example for gendern in my family, so if you don`t have anything we can talk about i would suggsest to go with the topic why womans become less pay for the same job.

Kind regards,
Justin

Hi Naz,

2022-03-04 09:47:10 UTC

Yes I would like to know your experiences on this topic. Because in Germany it depends on how the parents react and whether the girls themselves want to be outside longer. My parents, for example, don't let me stay out long because they would worry about me. And how about you?

Your Jana

Hello João

2022-03-04 09:47:37 UTC

Hello, I would like to Talk about the Gender roles shown on advertisements on media with you, because in my oppinion there are alot of problematics, we could talk about.
Linus

Firman and Dinis

2022-03-04 09:48:00 UTC

Hello,
I want to talk about the topic „Parents' giving permission to their sons to go out while forbidding their daughters even if they are at the same age.“ , because I think its very interesting and important to talk about this topic.
I hope you also like this topic.

Your Oleg Meyer

2022-03-04 09:48:10 UTC

Hi;

in our countrie, in most cases, the parent´s giving permission to their sons to go out while forbidding their daughters even if they are at the same age. How it is in your countrie?

Thade Runge

Colien

2022-03-04 09:48:22 UTC

Hi guys,
I hope you are fine,
I would like to talk about that parents' giving permission to their sons to go out while forbidding their daughters even if they are at the same age.

Best regards Colien

Hi özge,

2022-03-04 09:48:26 UTC

I would like to know if it is normal for you that men does the household. In recent times, it has also become normal here for men to does the household in the same way as women.

Many Greetings
Kristina:)

Hi Rosella ,

2022-03-04 09:49:00 UTC

I want to talk about the theme ,,Womens having different salary for the same job“. Unfortunately this is the case in Germany . For example mens who play football earn much more money than woman’s who play football. How is it in your country?

Greatings Ole

2022-03-04 09:49:00 UTC

Hi guys,
how are you?
Do you want to talk about the topic, that Parents' giving permission to their sons to go out while forbidding their daughters even if they are at the same age?
Kind regards
Diana

Lucas

2022-03-04 09:50:01 UTC

Maybe we should talk about the Rights of women in my country and in yours ore the different jobs of men and women

Joshua

2022-03-04 09:50:10 UTC

Hello Irem,

I hope you feel good considering to the situation at the moment. In our country their exist some Job-areas where women earn more less than men for the same job and the same amount of work. Maybe we can talk about this topic if you want. Is it the same in your country? Let me know.
Joshua

Hi Asya and Diogo,

2022-03-04 09:50:12 UTC

in my country there is a difference in pay between men and women for the same job. For me something like that is unimaginable, which is why I would talk about it. What's your opinion? Lasse

2022-03-04 09:50:38 UTC

Hey you,
would you like to talk about Parents' giving permission to their sons to go out while forbidding their daughters even if they are at the same age? For example when wanting to go to a party often boys rather get permission than girls.
Best regards
Laurin

Discussion

2022-03-04 09:50:46 UTC

Hello,
I am Tom and interested in the topic “Blaming the victim of abuse…”, I personally didn’t experience this situation myself but I hear that things like that happen in Germany pretty often for example if a girl gets stalked and catcalled very often people say that it’s her own fault because she was dressed too pretty. Do you wan’t to discuss with me about that.
Thanks for reading
Tom

2022-03-04 09:50:51 UTC

Hey you,
How are you?
I would like to talk about life at home. About the fact that the parents usually allow the boys more than the girls although they are the same age. Or that other demands are made on boys and girls. And how it looks with you in everyday life.
Kind regards
Jakob

2022-03-04 09:50:56 UTC

Hi Rebecca,

Currently in my country, there‘s a lot of discussion about gendering since the german language is mostly built up out of male forms, meaning there aren‘t many neutral words including both genders. Therefore people are trying to make it it more common for everyone to use neutral forms or include feminine versions of a word after naming the male version of for example a job. Now I‘m not entirely sure how present this is in other languages, as I‘ve only seen this being a fairly big issue in germany. What do you think about this and is this topic an issue in your country?

Kind regards,
Shayne

Merle

2022-03-04 09:51:01 UTC

Hey Zaynap,

I like the topic “Gender roles shown on advertisements on media”. What do you think about it? What topic would you choose?

Merle

Hello friends,

2022-03-04 09:51:06 UTC

We're welcome to that topic, I can't name any personal experiences because I didn't notice anything like that.

Nico

2022-03-04 09:51:37 UTC

I would like to talk about gender roles shown in ads and media (father comes home from work or reads newspaper in living room while mothers prepare dinner in kitchen)
what do you think of the topic?
Best regards Charlotte

Julian

2022-03-04 09:51:58 UTC

Hi Bianca and Celina
In Germany, the same genders are already allowed to marry and there is a third gender divers for the people who cannot assign themselves to the male or female gender. How is it with you or do you prefer a other topic?
Best regards
Julian

Aurel

2022-03-04 09:52:53 UTC

Hi ,
Do you want to talk about stereotypes of women and men. In Germany there are many stereotypes, such as that men do manual trades. What stereotypes have you?
Best regards
Aurel

Topic

2022-03-04 09:53:11 UTC

Hello guys what do you think about the topic - Parents' giving permission to their sons to go out while forbidding their daughters even if they are at the same age.
I wait for you answer

Mia

Hey Konal and Marzolla

2022-03-04 09:54:18 UTC

As a topic proposal i had the idea we could talk about the prejudice excisting in my country that women that got a high position in a company just got it because they are looking good. And I wanted to ask if u ever heard of this prejudice as well or if u have any other topic ideas.
Greetings from Fabian!

Timo

2022-03-04 09:54:18 UTC

Hi Enes,
I Hope you are good. In my country there exist many prejudice, like for exempel that the Woman schould‘nt work and instead cook for the working man. And often women are having more disadvanteges then men, like at some working places they get less money then men. So maybe we could talk about that.
Greetings Timo.

Dear Irem & dear Leonor,

2022-03-04 09:55:00 UTC

We have find out a topic to talk about, so i would suggest the topic of gendering and the advance and disadvantages of women and men in our societys.
What do you think about it? Would you prefer another topic?

Greetings

Joel

Colin

2022-03-04 09:55:17 UTC

Hello,
I would like to talk about the topic of whether women are allowed or should stay outside alone late at night. In our country it is often the case that many people do not like it when women are alone outside in the evening
I hope you also want to talk about this topic.

Hi Tuana, I totally agree with you and your mother is portrayed as unimportant which is very rude and very sexist

2022-03-04 15:41:51 UTC

2022-03-05 10:23:19 UTC

Hey Zehra

Philipp2ko4 — 2022-03-05 20:39:33 UTC

i got a good idea for a dialogue!:

We should talk about the rights of women in my and your country and the jobs of men and womens because its will be interesting to see the differents from the countrys

2022-03-06 12:49:37 UTC

Hey Romy

I'm doing alright, how about you?
I'd like to hear your opinions on gender roles shown on advertisements.
Best regards
Arda

2022-03-06 13:40:33 UTC

Hi David. How are you?
How do you feel about the fact that men can go out more late at night, and women can't go out so comfortably late at night. I think a woman should not be afraid to go to the store at night and think that something will happen to me. What are your thoughts on this topic?
Gülce

Hello Dennis

2022-03-06 13:42:18 UTC

I hope you are feeling well
In my country most of the company CEO's are male and when they see female CEO's (very rare) they think women's not to be able to do this kind of work.What do you think and how is it in your country?
hilal

2022-03-06 14:15:49 UTC

Hi everyone,
In our language we don't have any words that mean "the" so things don't have gender. And also we have one pronoun that you can use on anything unlike languages such as german. But that doesn't mean that we don't have other problems about gender and gender equality. For example we have a lot of stereotypes. So although our language isn't the problem in sexism, people itself can be the reason of sexism.

Warm regards,
Ayaz

Selin Su

selinsudync — 2022-03-06 14:31:38 UTC

Hi everybody,
I hope you're okay. I want to talk about this inequality too. Unfortunately nor is this all. Mostly laughing, studying or another normal thing (like going out) might be a problem for girls.
Kind Regards Selin Su

Darin

2022-03-07 20:38:18 UTC

Hello irmak!
I like the idea and yes there are many people like this in my land and its so sad that people are still thinking this way.
Did you went through anything like that or have you seen someone treat their daughter this way?

2022-03-08 15:23:30 UTC

Hello Gulce,
I think everyone should be able to leave the house without the fear of being attacked by another person.
Going outside late at night can be very dangerous for everyone, not just for women.
Of course, it is more dangerous for Women and children, since the average men is stronger than the average Women/Child.
A man could defend himself more easily if attacked, but the danger is still there.
Did you ever make bad experiences when going outside late at night?

Best regards
David

Hello Naz;

2022-03-11 11:49:45 UTC

Here is my answer to your audio

Your Jana

Marvin

2022-03-11 12:57:40 UTC

I know I’m not Francisca but I hope you don’t mind 🙃

I agree with what you said because in tales the woman are put into a victim Figur where they are portrayed as weak and as if they had no choice as to rely on others .In my opinion, is it bad because so you give children the wrong image. For example there thing that woman were weak and can’t protect there self .

Kristina

2022-03-11 13:03:08 UTC

2022-03-12 11:18:56 UTC

Hi this is Fabiana!

2022-03-12 15:16:28 UTC

Hello

2022-03-12 20:39:04 UTC

The gender concept includes the social and cultural norms associated with masculinity
and feminity that are imposed by the society. The concept reflects to the society as the
roles attributed to the woman and man. In the presentation of gender roles, television
which is one of the mass media mediums has an undeniable role. Therefore the evaluation
of woman and man in terms of gender take place in the advertisements. In this study, an
advertising content analysis is considered in order to describe how the feminen gender
roles are presented in the advertisements.

MHAL İREM

2022-03-12 21:46:50 UTC

Francisca

2022-03-13 11:57:11 UTC

2022-03-13 12:54:33 UTC

yssalgenderequality — 2022-03-13 13:35:13 UTC

yssalgenderequality — 2022-03-13 13:35:43 UTC

1. Why is gender equality important?

2. What does gender equality mean?

3. Do you think that gender equality exists in our country? What about across the world? Why or why not?

4. Do you think gender equality exists in our school? Why or why not?

5. Have you ever felt like you couldn’t do something you wanted to do because of your gender? What made you feel that way? Write about your experience.

6. Are some things only “for girls” and some things only “for boys”? Why or why not?

7. Why do you think our society decides that some things are just “for girls” or “for boys”? How do people choose which things are which?

8. What does it mean when a girl or boy decides to break the norm and does something that is only intended for the other gender?

9. Have you ever done something that was outside of the norm for your gender? Why did you do it? How did it make you feel?

10. Do you think that some things should be reserved for one gender or the other? Why or why not?

11. Write about the first time that you learned something was “for girls” or “for boys.” How did someone telling you that make you feel?

12. Have you ever done something just because you felt like you should since it was “what girls like” or “what boys like”? Why or why not?

13. Do you think it is harmful to kids to teach them that something is only for girls or only for boys? Why or why not?

14. How much do you and your friends adhere to gender norms? What would happen if one of you broke a big norm (such as a boy wearing a dress or a girl getting a buzz-cut)?

15. Do people who break gender norms get treated differently from people who adhere to them? Why or why not?

16. What would the world look like if there were true gender equality? How would that differ from today’s world?

17. How do gender norms contribute to gender inequality? Give an example and explain.

18. Historically, some cultures in the world operated as matriarchies. Do you think a matriarchal society would be better than a patriarchal society? Why or why not?

19. Give an example of a group or person who works to create gender equality. Explain what this person or group does and what you admire about them.

20. What is one simple thing our government could do to promote gender equality? Describe your idea and explain how it would work.

21. How does gender inequality in the workplace contribute to gender inequality at home? Give an example and explain.

22. How does gender inequality at home contribute to gender inequality in the workplace? Give an example and explain.

23. Give an example of gender equality that you’ve witnessed and explain how it impacted your life.

24. If you could do any one thing to promote gender equality, what would you do? Why?

25. When do you think true gender equality will exist in the world? What will need to happen before we can get there?

26. Why does gender inequality exist?

27. Have you ever met someone who truly believed that one gender was less capable of doing something than the other gender? How do you think this person came to their beliefs?

28. What would you say to a person who believed that one gender was less capable of doing a particular job in order to change that person’s mind?

29. What is the hardest part of being a girl or a woman in a society without gender equality? Why?

30. What is the hardest part of being a boy or a man in a society without gender equality? Why?

31. If you could do any one thing that is traditionally considered to be for the opposite gender, what would you do? Why?

32. Is gender something that people are born with or is it something only created and assigned by society? Why?

33. Write about someone you admire who breaks gender norms. What norm does this person break? Do you think it is hard for them to do so? Why do you admire them?

tuana

2022-03-14 07:55:56 UTC

Nehir yssal

2022-03-14 08:10:57 UTC

Oh how are you guys?
I agree with the both thoughts. Also i’m so glad that you guys liked the topic. I think we need to be aware of this situation. The sociaty empose us this victim role from our childhood to now. Maybe we can talk about the spesific tales and give some example to each others. I go first. In Snow White. The princess wait to be kissed to wake up. If the princess fought with the witch, and was more clever it would be a better ending.

Mina

2022-03-14 08:12:02 UTC

Mina

2022-03-14 08:20:44 UTC

Hi Lilly ! Today I want to show you a photo. It was removed in Turkey for being naked. I think this is wrong. What do you think about this? Has anything like this happened in your country?

2022-03-14 10:16:10 UTC

Hi,I’m Jéssica:)

2022-03-14 10:45:40 UTC

2022-03-14 10:59:57 UTC

2022-03-14 11:11:11 UTC

2022-03-14 11:11:14 UTC

Bianca, here!

2022-03-14 11:13:49 UTC

Bianca, part 2

2022-03-14 11:18:24 UTC

Hi this is Dinis

2022-03-14 11:28:22 UTC

2022-03-14 19:12:50 UTC

2022-03-15 15:27:04 UTC

2022-03-15 16:14:31 UTC

Hi, I'm Rüya

2022-03-16 05:25:40 UTC

2022-03-16 05:28:04 UTC

Hi, ı'm Özge!

2022-03-16 05:32:06 UTC

Hi, what do you think of saying " men can't cry"?

2022-03-16 09:22:46 UTC

2022-03-16 13:56:10 UTC

2022-03-16 15:36:52 UTC

Hi Aurel and Andrea,
First of all, I am Elif. How are you? I hope you're OK. I will speak about myself. I'm 16 years old. I am studying at Konak Anatolian High School. I like listening to music and trying new recipes. Well, what do you like? Also I like playing table tennis. Do you like any sports?
The discriminatory phrases I've heard:
Men don't cry.
You're a girl like a boy.
etc...

Elif

2022-03-16 15:50:27 UTC

Hey Miguel
How are you lately? I hope you are OK. Yes,you pronounced my name right :) We can talk about our hobbies. I like reading books and listening to music. I like listening Arctic Monkeys. I'm in Konak Anatolian High School and going to be 17 this year. And you? Can you tell me about your life? How old are you? I want to learn that.I'm sorry for responding late. Take care.
Best Wishes
Berfu

2022-03-16 19:31:46 UTC

Hi Shayne,
so I'm from Italy, and unfortunately we also have this issue. For example, "medico" means doctor, but the feminine version doesn't exist (a few weeks ago I saw a video about this. It was a social experiment in which a teacher told a riddle to his class. It was: "three different doctors said that Paul is their brother, yet Paul claims he has no brothers. Who is lying?". Nobody could guess the answer, and it was just that the three doctors were women.
Another example in my language could be the word "falegname", that means carpenter. It only exists like this, which leads to society not being able to think of a woman doing this job, and for me it is very sad.
What do you think about that the fact that these problems are so common?
Hope I answered your question

Rebecca

Francisca

2022-03-16 21:26:06 UTC

iremnazozcan — 2022-03-17 08:17:54 UTC

Hi guys,

I think this is a very wrong understanding because women's are shown as if they do not work at all, only mans work. I believe that we should work collaboratively and by helping each other.
Best wishes Iremnaz.

2022-03-17 14:11:24 UTC

My opinion about advertising :)
I hope you were able to understand everything, if not feel free to ask :) My English is not the best but I tried my best :) Have a nice day

2022-03-17 14:23:01 UTC

Hi Özge,
I think that's an interesting topic to talk about. In my opinion everybody can cry. In this way you show your emotions and relieve yourself. It doesn't matter if you are a man or a woman. What do you think about that?

audio version

2022-03-17 14:23:09 UTC

Part 1

2022-03-17 15:16:07 UTC

GAP BETWEEN MEN AND WOMEN AT WORK

2022-03-17 18:06:36 UTC

Hi everyone,
I'm from Italy and unfortunately in my country there's still a huge gap between women and men in the field of work.
In fact, only 20% of women are at the top of a company.
How is the situation in your countries?
Greetings!
Priscilla

Further Topic explaination

2022-03-17 18:13:02 UTC

Yağmur

2022-03-17 19:42:49 UTC

Hi Sören, how are you? I hope you are well.
First of all, I am Yağmur. I am 16 years old. I am studying at Konak Anatolian High School. I like playing volleyball and listening to music. What are your hobbies? Do you want to talk about the discriminatory behaviors we see in daily life? When you think of an engineer, a man comes to mind, and when you say a nurse, a woman comes to mind. What are you thinking?
Best regards...

Joshua

2022-03-17 19:56:59 UTC

2022-03-17 20:01:28 UTC

2022-03-17 21:02:05 UTC

2022-03-17 21:46:37 UTC

Paola

2022-03-19 11:28:28 UTC

Hii, sorry for being so late but I had a lot of things to do these days.
Yes, we should talk about women’s rights in our countries.
In Italy, for example, women can have many rights, but some people still treat them in a bad way.
What about your country?

2022-03-19 11:39:33 UTC

Hi Fabian, good idea, I agree with that. Unfortunately I often heard about this prejudice and this makes me get angry. I really don’t understand why, according to people who agree with this prejudice, a woman can’t be capable of succeeding in her work thanks to her hard work and cleverness. Moreover it’s really unfair that a woman is considered silly because of her beauty, it has not be a problem for her career. What do you think about this?

2022-03-19 11:55:17 UTC

Hi Ole,
this topic is actually really interesting. Everyone should earn the same, women and men. I’m not sure about the situation here in Italy, I know that usually men earn more than women talking about sport, but talking about other works, those who work better earn more. The fact is that in Italy there are more men who work than women. Maybe women should have more job opportunities.

Thank you for the question!
Rossella

2022-03-19 12:05:55 UTC

I also wanted to ask you something, what do you think about boys and girls colours? Here people still associate girls with pink and boys with blue, but not everybody fortunately. There are a lot of people, especially young people, who think that any colour is for anyone.

What do you think about it and also what people in your country think about that?

Rossella

2022-03-20 11:26:07 UTC

Hi Julian and Bianca
I hope you are both good
In Turkey it's a little different , still not everyone accepts gender equaltity especially men and not many people are into these themes . So it's a little bit hard to reach something about these themes

hi, it's Pelin

2022-03-20 17:47:54 UTC

everyone's life just concerns about themselves not anyone else. so everyone has to be free about how they feel.

2022-03-20 19:41:40 UTC

Hi everyone,
I'm so sorry for writing late because of my exams. For the salary thing in Turkey we are mostly same with Italy. There is two groups that thinks absolutely different the young people are think that any colour is for anyone but for most of the old and the middle age they think that pink for girls and blue for boys and unfortunately they are also against to lgbt or that topics. The young people are think "It's their own life and they can live like whatever they want, It's their own choice."

I want to ask you that what people in your country and what do you think about this? And is there any contempt in society?

Ayşenur

Hello! I really like the topic you mentioned, but my suggestion would be to make a slight change in the topic you suggested. If we focus on the advantages of the genders, we may perhaps unintentionally trigger sexist discourses. Therefore, my suggestion would be to focus on the responsibilities that gender roles impose on individuals, as well as the disadvantages created by gender roles.

2022-03-21 04:15:14 UTC

Greetings
İrem

2022-03-21 17:50:55 UTC

Hi!
First of all, how are you?
My name's Letizia, I live in Italy and even though I must admit we're trying to make progress, there's still a lot of gender inequality. Maybe I can't feel it when it's about pay gaps or general inequalities at work (cause I don't work :) ), however I can feel it when it's about stereotypes and not at all "funny" jokes or completely wrong proverbs.
Have you ever experienced something like that? What do you think about it?

Letizia :)

Hi guys!

2022-03-22 16:42:24 UTC

I think that also after all the “battles” made up so far, women aren’t treated at the same ways as man. Maybe now the main differences are dispelled, but there are little things that are undervalued but them means a lot.
Best wishes

Fabiana here again

2022-03-23 09:45:52 UTC

2022-03-23 09:51:11 UTC

i really like your topic!
Leonor

2022-03-23 09:52:33 UTC

Leonor

2022-03-23 09:53:40 UTC

Leonor

2022-03-23 09:58:23 UTC

Hey it's Lara

2022-03-23 10:01:17 UTC

2022-03-23 10:02:55 UTC

2022-03-25 05:21:36 UTC

2022-03-25 09:20:49 UTC

The text means bake your husband happy even he has a second love. The ad makes women look like they are only there to bake and cook for his husband.

2022-03-25 09:21:12 UTC

Example

2022-03-25 09:23:14 UTC

In this statistic you can see on the left side how much men earn and on the right side how much women earn monthly. As you can see in our Country men earn way more than women.

2022-03-25 09:24:19 UTC

2022-03-25 09:28:11 UTC

Hey guys
I totally agree with you. I also find that in some situations are much stronger than men. Women should not be underestimated. In addition, women are always made small.Or reduced to what the man has as a job. As an example, a professional footballer and the woman is then referred to as a player's wife, which I think is an insult. what do you say about that?

many greetings and stay healthy
Charlotte

2022-03-25 09:28:35 UTC

2022-03-25 09:29:06 UTC

2022-03-25 09:32:16 UTC

2022-03-25 09:32:41 UTC

2022-03-25 09:33:18 UTC

2022-03-25 09:35:18 UTC

Part 2

2022-03-25 09:35:20 UTC

2022-03-25 09:35:52 UTC

Hi there this is Fabian again and i absolutely agree with you and that‘s why i have done some research to find an example for a women that is succesful and people say they are good looking. As example I found Kylie Jenner she is one of the most succesful womens and her networth is about 1 billion. Do you also have examples for people who dismiss this prejudice.
I hope you have a good day kind regards Fabian! :-)

2022-03-25 09:37:48 UTC

2022-03-25 09:38:45 UTC

Mariana

2022-03-26 19:15:59 UTC

2022-03-28 11:53:45 UTC

Darin

2022-03-31 17:10:46 UTC

As we change, the world will change as we learn. I am hopeful

2022-03-31 17:12:25 UTC

2022-03-31 17:21:17 UTC

2022-03-31 17:26:55 UTC

Irmak

2022-03-31 17:31:00 UTC

2022-03-31 19:32:51 UTC

Irmak

2022-04-04 07:34:19 UTC

2022-04-07 14:26:13 UTC

Colien

2022-04-21 16:01:27 UTC

Julian

2022-04-21 21:47:36 UTC

selinsudync — 2022-05-05 15:32:08 UTC

Kadri

2022-05-06 19:29:16 UTC

Hi friend! Sorry for the late reply. I think one of the big problems is that people unfortunately have a lot of prejudice. It is the basis of the issue you mentioned. This is a common problem not only in your country, but also in our country. Most people can judge the other according to their genders and their roles without thinking about it before. To solve this problem, I think we should point the arrows at ourselves and have a look at where and why prejudices occur in our lives so that we can understand ourselves more to see the conditions under which prejudice occurs.