The Enlightenment by Kosa Szabolcs

The Enlightenment

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:22:11 UTC

it's concept was to change the way people think

Thomas Hobbes (1588-1679)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:22:26 UTC

-English philosopher and scientist

"war of every man against every man"

Social contract

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:29:53 UTC

Citizens hand their rights to a leader, therefore they get law and order from the government

This is what Hobbes called the agreement between the people and the government

British Enlightenment

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:32:26 UTC

John Locke (1632-1704)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:34:36 UTC

English philosopher, doctor, politican

empiricism and materialism

French Enlightenment (mid 1700s)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:46:01 UTC

Voltaire (1694-1778)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:53:17 UTC

-his real name was Francois-Marie Arouet

-writer, poet, philosopher

His ideas, goals

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:57:24 UTC

-Promoted natural rights (life, liberty, property)

-said that all people are born equal

-government's power comes from the consent of people and these people have the right to rebel against an unfair ruler

his ideas, aim

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 19:59:34 UTC

-fought for tolerance, freedom of speech and thought

- he was a deist, but held anti-religion and anti-church views

-he also stated that people's personal choices lead their lives and not God

Leviathan

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 20:03:16 UTC

he wrote this book during the English civil war, and describe the terror he and the country went through

Denis Diderot (1713-1784)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 20:07:04 UTC

materialistic philosopher and writer

His work

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 20:09:24 UTC

he was the main editor of the large set of books and articles and essays, the so called Encyclopédie (1751)

Encyclopédia

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 20:12:05 UTC

its main aim was to collect all available knowledge, to examine it and to use it for further advancement

Montesquieu (1689-1755)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 20:50:24 UTC

-real name: Charles-Louis de Secondat

-writer, philosopher

His ideas

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 20:56:50 UTC

-He believed that the British goverment was the most politically balanced country

-he came up with the name "separation of powers"

Spirit of Laws (1748)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 20:57:11 UTC

-in his books he stated that with the division of powers it would keep one group from gaining absolutistic power

-later this idea was called "checks and balances" and became the basis for the United States Constitution

Jean- Jacques Rousseau (1712-1778)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:03:55 UTC

-he was a philosopher, writer and a composer

His ideas

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:07:17 UTC

-He disagreed with other Enlightenment thinkers of his time

-he thought the only good govermen was the one that was feely formed by people and controlled by society's general will

The Social Contract (1762)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:10:08 UTC

a person is free when he is governed by his own laws. It is accomplished by general will.

Women's Right

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:15:24 UTC

General ideas

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:19:34 UTC

-Rousseau thought women should only learn how to be a housewife and mother

-On the other hand, Hobbes thought women should get more educated and be more equal while in marriage

Mary Wollstonecraft (1759-1797)

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:22:34 UTC

-writer, philosopher, feminist

A Vindication of the Rights of Woman

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:25:18 UTC

The book argues for the empowerment of women in education, politics, society, and marriage.

+ teaching

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:28:42 UTC

-she describes why men aren't superior to women and why they should be treated as equal beings

-also urged women to join male dominated fields of medicine and politics

- teaching

kosaszabolcs — 2023-12-22 21:28:54 UTC

-She dissagreed with Rousseau about the women's education

-she said women need education to be more virtuous and useful