A: Is she an actress?

B: No, she is not (OR) No, she isn't (OR) No, she's not

A: Is she an athlete?

B: No, she is not (OR) No, she isn't (OR) No, she's not

A: Is she a singer?

B: Yes, she is.

-------------------------------

A: Where is she from?

B: She is from the USA.

A: What is her nationality?

B: Her nationality is American (OR) She's American.

A: Is he an actor?

B: No, he is not (OR) No, he isn't (OR) No, he's not

A: Is he an athlete?

B: Yes, he is.

A: Is he a singer?

B: No, he is not (OR) No, he isn't (OR) No, he's not

------------------------

A: Where's he from?

B: He is from Brazil (OR) He's Brazilian

A: What's his nationality?

B: His nationality is Brazilian (OR) He's Brazilian

2. Paul is a mechanic

3. Jennifer is a vet

4. Peter and Jack are journalists

5. You and William are teachers

6. Mary and Carol are dentists

I am / I'm I am not / I'm not Am I ?

You are / You're You are not / You're. not / You aren't Are you?

He is / He's He is not / He's not / He isn't Is he?

She is / She's She is not / She's not / She isn't Is she?

It is / It's It is not / It's not / It isn't Is it?

We are / We're We are not / We're not / We aren't Are we?

You are / You're You are not / You're. not / You aren't Are you?

They are / They're They are not / They're not / They aren't Are they?

B: This is a / an _________________

A: What's that?

B: That's a / an _______________

A: What are these?

B: These are _______________

A: What are those?

B: Those are _______________

WHO - is used for PEOPLE

WHERE - is used for PLACES

WHEN - is used for TIME

WHY - is used for MOTIVE / REASON

HOW - is used for MANNER / WAY

HOW OLD - is used for AGE

a. Are you Mexican?

Yes, I am. (OR) No, I am not

b. Are you a doctor?

Yes, I am. (OR) No, I am not

2. WH Questions

a. What is your name?

My name is Lorena

b. Where do you live?

I live in Santo André

I am / I'm I am not / I'm not Am I ?

You are / You're You are not / You're. not / You aren't Are you?

He is / He's He is not / He's not / He isn't Is he?

She is / She's She is not / She's not / She isn't Is she?

It is / It's It is not / It's not / It isn't Is it?

We are / We're We are not / We're not / We aren't Are we?

You are / You're You are not / You're. not / You aren't Are you?

They are / They're They are not / They're not / They aren't Are they?

I have I don't have Do I have ?

You have You don't have Do you have?

He has He doesn't have Does he have?

She has She doesn't have Does she have?

It has It doesn't have Does it have?

We have We don't have Do we have?

You have You don't have Do you have?

They have They don't have Do they have?

NOTEs:

1. DON'T = DO NOT and DOESN'T = DOES NOT

2. WHEN WE USE "HE, SHE, or IT", THE VERBS CHANGE.

Examples: HAVE - I, You , We, They HAVE / He, She, It HAS

GO - I,You, We, They GO / He, She, It GOES

DO - I, You, We, They DO/ He, She, It does

LIKE - I, You, We, They LIKE / He, She, It LIKES

STUDY - I, You, We, They STUDY / He, She, It STUDIES

I work - He works I like - She LIkes I play - It plays

VERBS ENDING IN -Y (WITH A CONSONANT BEFORE THE -Y)

I study - He studies

I carry - She carries

I fly - It flies

NOTE: If you have a vowel (a, e, i, o, u) before -Y, we only add "S"

I play - He plays

I stay - She stays

I destroy - It destroys

VERBS ENDING IN -X, -SS, -S, -Z, -CH, -SH, -O

Here are some examples:

1. Verbs ending in -s:

   • miss → misses

   • pass → passes

2. Verbs ending in -sh:

   • wish → wishes

   • wash → washes

3. Verbs ending in -ch:

   • watch → watches

   • teach → teaches

4. Verbs ending in -x:

   • fix → fixes

   • relax → relaxes

5. Verbs ending in -z:

   • buzz → buzzes

   • fizz → fizzes

6. Verbs ending in a consonant + -o:

   • go → goes

   • do → does

Example:

I have a car (HE)

• He has a car

• He doesn't have a car

• Does he have a car?

1. I go to school every day. (HE)

2. We like to watch movies in the afternoon. (SHE)

3. You play soccer on weekends. (HE)

4. They live in the same neighborhood. (SHE)

5. I eat fruit early in the morning. (IT)

6. We study English in the evenings. (HE)

7. You listen to music while you work. (SHE)

8. They visit their grandparents on Sundays. (HE)

9. I love to spend time with my family. (SHE)

10. We walk in park after dinner. (IT)

*ATTENTION TO SENTENCES 8 AND 9

Example:

On Monday mornings I go to school at 7h00 am

On Friday afternoons I have English classes at 2h00 pm

On Monday mornings, she goes to school at 7h00 am

On Friday afternoons, she has English classes at 2h00 pm

1. What do you like to do on weekends?

I like to play Roblox on the computer

2. What does your dad like to do on weekends?

He likes to play on PlayStation

3. What does your mom like to do on weekends?

She likes to rest and sleep

4. Do you like to watch films? If so, what kind of film do you like to wach?

Yes, I like to watch films. I like catoon movies

5. Does your dad like to watch films? If so, what kind of film does he like to wach?

Yes, he likes to watch films. He likes to watch action movies.

6. Does your mom like to watch films? If so, what kind of film doess he like to wach?

Yes, she likes to watch films. She likes to watch romantic movies.

7. Do you eat healthy food?

Yes, I eat healthy food.

8. Does your dad eat helalthy food?

Yes, he eats healthy food

9. Does you r mom eat healthy food?

Yes, she eats healthy food

10. What time do you usually go to bed?

I usually go to bed at 11 pm

11. What time do your dad and your mom usually go to bed?

(note: dad and mom = parents)

My dad and my mom uaually go to bed at 11 pm

OR

My dad usually goes to bed at 1 am

My mom usually goes to bed at 9 pm

12. What time do you guys usually get up?

(note: you guys, in this case, are you, your dad and your mom)

My mom and I get up at 6 am, but my dad gets up at 8 am

1. surf 2. ride a bike 3. watch TV. 4. cook

5. fish 6. skkateboard 7. sunbathe 8. do the gardening

9. go to the bank 10. paint. 11. do origami

12. observe birds. 13. play chess

Example:

A: How often do you ride a bike? A: How often are you late for school?

B: I sometimes ride a bike B: I am sometimes late for school

Link for pratcie:

https://pt.slideshare.net/slideshow/frequency-adverbs-expressions-of-frequ/31476261

• I love listening to music

• I like / enjoy dancing

• I don't like talking on the phone

• I hate going to the dentist

* I don't mind eating vegeables

Look at the picgtures above and describe what each person is wearing:

Examples:

1. What is Peter wearing?

2. What is Mary wearing?

Peter is wearing a green T-Shirt

SUBJECT + TO BE (AM, IS, ARE) + VERB (ING)

1. When is this action happening? NOW

2. How do we form this kind of sentence? (SEE ABOVE)

- WRITE - EAT - TALK - PAINT - READ - SLEEP

- PLAY CARDS

THEY ARE TALKING.

2. What are the the boys in the green and red T-shirt doing?

3. What is the boy in the yellow T-shirt doing?

4. What is the boy in the blue hoodie doing?

5. What is the girl in the armchair doing?

6. What is the girl in the blue dress doing?

7. What is the cat doing?

8. And you? What are you doing right now?

I play videogames I play with dolls

I spend 40 minute cooking

I spend 1 hour painting

I spend 5 hours playing videogames

I spend 3 hours playing with dolls

I seldom cook

I sometimes paint

I usually play videogames

I often play with dolls

BUT...

When the sentence has the verb TO BE, these words go after the verb TO BE.

1. They play soccer every weekend.

(it's a frequency, a habit) - Prsent Simple

2. They are playing soccer now.

(t's at themoment of speaking) - Present Continuous

- Which sentence is in the Presednt Simple and which is in the Present Continuous?

- How do we change the two sentences above into the negative and interrogative forms?

NEGATIVE FORM:

1. They don't play soccer every day

2. They aren't playing soccer every day

INTERROGATIVE FORM:

1. Do they play soccer everyday?

2. Are they playing soocer?

- We use the PRESENT CONTINUOUS to talk about things that are in progress now.

- We use the PRESENT SIMPLE to talk about habits, routines and facts.

He playS videogames.

2. What is your dad doing now?

He is working.

3. What does your mom do on weekends?

4. What is your mom doing now?

5. What does your cousin Bruno do on weekends?

6. What do you think yourcousin Bruno is doing right now?

7. What do you do on weekends?

8. What are you doing now?

- Observve questions 1, 3, 5 and 7. What do they have in common in their strutcture?

- Observe questions 2, 4, 6 and 8. What do they have in common in their structures?

- It's cloudy and cool

Which picture corresponds to:

Spring - 3

Summer - 2

Autumn or Fall - 4

Winter - 1

Winter - Windy, rainy adn cold

Spring - Sunny and warm

Autumn (or Fall) - Windy and cool

Examples:

Short adjectives - big, small, cold, old, tall etc

Long adjectives - beautiful, dangerous, difficult, intelligent, interesting etc

Comparatives with SHORT ADJECTIEVES:

Examples:

SMALL - SMALLER

OLD - OLDER

BIG - BIGGER

HOT - HOTTER

EASY - EASIER

STURDY - STURDIER

Exceptions:

GOOD - BETTER

BAD - WORSE

Examples: This car is smaller than that one.

The weather in Brazil is hotter than in England

Let's come up with the spelling rules:

Comparatives with LONG ADJECTIVES:

DANGEROUS - MORE DANGEROUS (THAN)

BEAUTIFUL - MORE BEAUTIFUL (THAN)

DIFFICULT - MORE DIFFICULT (THAN)

INTERESTING - MORE INTERESTING (THAN)

INTELLIGENT - MORE INTELLIGENT (THAN)

Examples: This exercise is more difficult than the other

Lions are more beautiful than tigers.

Let's come up with the rules:

Comparatives:

For short adjectives - we add ER, but there are some spelling rules.

1. We normally add ER to make comparatives.

ex: (cold - colder, old - older)

2. For adjectives that end in Y and before the Y there is a consonant, we remove the Y and add IER

(ex: easy - easier, sturdy - sturdier etc)

3. When the adjective ends in CVC (consonant - vowel - consonant) and the last syllable is the strongest, we doulbe thel last letter and add ER.

For long adjectives

We add MORE to the adjective

(ex: intelligent - more intelligent, beautiful - more beautiful)

(ex: hot - hotter, bitg - bigger)

Examples:

Short adjectives - big, small, cold, old, tall etc

Long adjectives - beautiful, dangerous, difficult, intelligent, interesting etc

Superlatives with SHORT ADJECTIEVES:

Examples:

SMALL - THE SMALLLEST

OLD - THE OLDEST

BIG - THE BIGGEST

HOT - THE HOTTEST

EASY - THE EASIEST

STURDY - THE STURDIEST

Exceptions:

GOOD - THE BEST

BAD - THE WORST

Examples: This is the biggest house on the street.

The coldest place in the world is Antarctica

Let's come up with the spelling rules:

For short adjectives, we add EST. But, if the adjective ends in CVC (consonant, vowel, consonant), we doulbe the last consonant (ex: hot - the hottest) and if the adjective ends in "Y", we remove the "Y" and add IEST.

Superlatives with LONG ADJECTIVES:

DANGEROUS - THE MOST DANGEROUS

BEAUTIFUL - THE MOST BEAUTIFUL

DIFFICULT - THE MOST DIFFICULT

INTERESTING - THE MOST INTERESTING

INTELLIGENT - THE MOST INTELLIGENT

Examples: The shark is the most dangerous animal in the world

This is the most interesting book.

Let's come up with the rules:

For long adjectives, we, we simply add THE MOST

Examples:

- Compund nouns are nouns formed by two or more words (usually nouns too) that have a meaning.

Examples: office buildings

orange juice

chocolate cake

gas station

Possible adjectives:

- big - small - hot - interesting - difficult - tasty - sweet. - dangerous

- intelligent - beautiful

NOTE: you can use other adjectives, if you prefer.

• two sports - Volleyball is MORE DIFFICULT than soccer

• two cities

• two fast food restaurants

• two types of fruit

• two people that you know

• two singers

• two countries in the world

In your opinion, what's...

• the best sport?

  In my opinion, the best sport is gymnastics

• the most beautiful city in the world?

  
  

• the most delicious restaurant?

  
  

• the tastiest fruit?

  
  

• the most interesting country in the world?

In your opinion, who is...

• the best person you know?

  
  

• the best singer?

  
  

• the best actor / actress?

Do some research on Google and find:

- the biggest city in the world - the biggest city in the world is Tokyo

- the smallest city in the world

- the hottest city in the world

- the coldes place in the world

- the biggest animal in the world

- the smallest animal in the world

- the highest building in the world

- the longest river in the world

- the deepest point in the world

- the highesgt point in the world

The forest had many inhabitants. Some taller and some shorter than others. The most important inhabitant was Ubunto, the strongest and tallest ape there. He always had better ideas than the other apes so he became their leader.

One day, there was a storm which was the worst storm ever in the forest. The consequences were devastating and Ubuntu decided to gather all the animals who lived there to help in rebuilding everything there.

In the end, after three weeks, they were able to rebuild everything and things were even better than before: flowers were more beautiful, trees were taller and rivers were cleaner. It was the most intelligent decision made by Ubuntu!

1. They can't go out tonight.

2. She must do it today.

3. You can bring the homework tomorrow.

4. Jack mustn't fight with his friends.

5. Mary must study for the test.

6. Harry can't do this to you!

1.

A: I have a terrible headache!

B: You should take a painkiller.

A: Good idea! / I am not sure about that

2.

A: My coumputer is not working well.

B: Why don't you take it to the technical support?

A: Sure! I'll do it. / Sorry, but I can't do that.

3.

A: I'd like to eat something sweet.

B: How about having some ice-cream?

A: That sounds great! / I don't think so, it's too cold.

You mustn't / can't eat at the library

You can get books

You must put things in order when you leave

2. At the movies

You must be in silence at the movies

You can't / mustn't talk at the movies

3. At the hospital

You can't / mustn't take animals to the hospital

You can eat at the hospital

4. At the theater

You can't / mustn't eat at the theater

You must be quiet at the theater

5. At a school

You can't / mustn't eat in class

You must be quiet in class

A: I got a really bad grade in Math and I am afraid to tell my parents.

B:

A:

Situation 2:

A: A friend of mine borrowed money from me and hasn't paid me back. I need the money, but I don't know how to ask him for it.

B:

A:

Situation 3:

A: I would like to eat something different, bugt I don't know what...

B:

A:

Situation 4:

A: I saw my friend's boyfriend kissing another girl, now I dont know what to do.

B:

A:

Giving Suggestions:

You should...

You could...

Why don't you...?

Use:

- comparatives and superlatives

- modal verbs (prohibition, permission, obligation)

- suggestions

- too and also (too - normally, at the end of the sentences and also - normally, at the beginning of the sentences).

Examples : I also want to go to the club.

I want to go to the club too.

Examples of suggestions:

You should take suncscreen because the sun is too strong.

You should take beach clothes

HAND LUGGAGE - celll phone, charger, a jacket, earbuds

SUITCASE - suscreen, regular and swimming clothes, shoes, shampoo and hair conditioner, toothpaste, toothbrush, hairbrush, flip-flops, repellent

UNDELINED PHRASES IN THE TEXT (PAGE 56):

- This is a good place for

- It's a good idea to

PREPARE:

Paragraph 1 - General introduction:

Hello guys!

I am traveling now and I came to bring you hints to travel to the beach.

Paragraph 2 - Suitcase

If you are going to the beach, you should take suscreen, regular and swimming clothes, shoes, shampoo and hair conditioner, toothpaste, toothbrush, hairbrush, It's a good idea to take flip-flops and repellent too. The beach is a good place for playing and having fun. Beaches are more fun than the moutains.

Paragraph 3 - Hand Luggate

On the plane, in your hand luggage, you should take a celll phone, a charger, a jacket and also earbuds.

Bye guys!

a. I also have to do my homework.

b. They are also tired.

c. We also want to travel to the beach.

d. I have this book too.

e. We love that film too.

f. She needs a ruler, an eraser, a pen and a pencil too.

g. She needs a ruler, an eraser, a pen and also apencil.

examples of things you eat/drink for each one:

- meat: cow's meet (rump stake - picanha)

- poultry (brid's meat)

- fish: -------------

- dairy: cheese, milk, yogurt, ice cream and butter

- fruit: strawberries, mangoes, melon, oranges, tomatoes etc

- vegetables: lettuce, carrot, beet, broccoli etc

- drinks: juice, milk and water

I am taveling now and I want to give some thints to travel to the beach.

If you are going to the beach, you should take suscreen, regular and swimming clothes, shoes, shampoo and hair conditioner, toothpaste, toothbrush, hairbrush, It's a good idea to take flip-flops and repellent too. The beach is a good place for playing and having fun. Beaches are more fun than the moutains.

Paragraph 3 - Hand Luggate

On the plane, in your hand luggage, you should take a celll phone, a charger, a jacket and also earbuds.

Bye guys!

- We normally se the following words to quantify both countable and uncountable nouns: SOME, ANY and NO

Look at the examples:

1. I would like to eat a banana

2. I would like to buy some bananas

3. I would like to eat some popocorn

4. I need to buy some fruit because I don't have any (fruit)

5. I don't need to buy any soda, because I have a lot.

6. Do you have any tomatoes?

7. I have no tomatoes

8. I don't have any tomatoes

9. I want to eat any fruit

SOME - Affirmative sentences (ALGUM, ALGUMA, ALGUNS ALGUMAS, UM POUCO DE).

ANY - Affirmative - qualquer / quaisquer

Negative - nenum / nenhuma

Interrogqative - algum, alguma, alguns, algumas

NO - "Affirmative", but then the sentence becomes negative - NENHUM, NENHUM

Things we eat - meat, bread, garlic bread, vinagrette (tomaoes, onions, parsley), rice, potatoes, farofa and flour. We alson eat ice-cream for dessert.

We normally drink soda and juice. Adults also drink beer.

Now, imagine you are at the supermarket with your dad and you need to call your mom to know what you have and don't have at home to make a barbecue. Ask her the necessary questions.

A: You AND B: Your mom

(Use the ingredients and drinks mentioned above)

A: Hi mom... we are at the supermarket and we need to know... do we have any meat?

B: No, we don't have any meat (= No, we have no meat). Buy some meat, please.

A: Do we have any tomatoes?

B: Yes, we have some.

- What would you like to have (to eat and drink) in this party? (Use your imagination).At a big buffet with my family and friends

• famous pepole (ex: Liz Macedo and some other famous people)

• coxinhas, cheese balls, brigadeiros, caviar, scargot, a big cake (strawberry and chocolate), charque escondidnho etc

• soda, juice

  
  

Let's make a list of what to buy for this party. Use the word SOME, or other quantifiers (1kg, a package, a box etc) such as: a bottle of ______, ____ g / kg , a bag of _____ , a box of ______ , a carton of ______ etc

Shopping List

- _______ soda / _______ bottles of soda

- _______ cake

- _______snacks

-

- What are the necessary ingredients?

eggs (countable), flour (uncountable), yeast (uncountable), chocolate (uncountable), oil (uncountable), butter (uncountable), sugar (uncountable) and milk (ouncountable)

- What are the steps?

1. break the 2 eggs

2. add a spoon of butter

3. add some flour

4. add two spoons of chocolate

5. add spoons of sugar

6. add 1 spoon of oil

7. add some milk

8. add some yeast

9. mix evertyhing and beat it

10. butter the cast and put it in the oven for 20 minutes at 280 degrees

Let's write down a recipe for a chocolate cake:

Note: you may need words such as: sppon(s), cup(s) to do it.

• What's your favorite fruit?

  I think it's strawberries

• What's your favorite vegetable?

My favorite vegetable is broccoli

Your mom:

• What's her favorite fruit?

  Her favorite fruit is apples

• What's her favorite vegetable?

  Her favorite vegetable is tomatoes

Your dad:

• What's his favorite fruit?

  His favroite fruit is bananas

• What's his favorite vegetable?

  His favorite vegetable is potatoes

Your mom and your dad:

• What's their favorite restaurant?

  Their favorite restaruant is Outback

• What's their favorite place to go together?

  Their favorite place to go together is the movies

• What do you like to do in your free time?

  I like to use my cell phone

• What don't you like to do in your free time?

  I don't like to study

Your mom:

• What does your mom like to do in her free time?

  She likeS to mow the lawn

• What doesn't your mom like to do in her free time?

She doesn't like to clean the house

Your dad:

• What does your dad like to do in his free time?

  He likeS to play videogames

• What doesn't your dad like to do in his free time?

  He doesn't like to go to the supermarket (to the sotre)

• two sports - (cool) - Vollyeball is cooler than Basketball

• two countries - (big) - The USA are bigger than Brazil

• two kinds of food - (good) - American food is better than Japanese food

• two singers - (beautiful / handsome) - Ariana Grande is more beautiful than Taylor Swift

• two animals - (heavy) - Elephants are heavier than rhynos

NOTE: Use a different adjective for each topic)

How do we form comparatives in English?

Short adjective - Adjective + ER (than)

Long adjectives - More + Adjective (than)

- short: short, cool, easy, big, hot

- long: beautiful, intelligent, dangerous, interesting, expensive

Now think about opinions you have about different things and write sentences, using superlatives. Look a the example:

Snakes are the ugliest animals in the world (short adjectie)

Snakes are the most dangerous animals in the world (long adjecgtive)

Follow the example:

The Giraffe is ... spotted and all

It's got (= It has got) ... spots, a long neck

It can ... take food from high trees

Here are the forms of the verb TO BE in the past:

Singular:

Aff: I / He / She / It was

Neg: I / He / She / It wasn't (was not)

Int: Was I / He / She / It ?

Plural:

Aff: You / We / They were

Neg: You / We / They weren't (were not)

Int: Were You / We / They ?

He was one of the best Formula 1 racers in the world.

He was one of the best singers in the world.

He was one oft the best soccer players in the world

She was one of the best actresses in the world

They were one of the best bands in the past

• what was one of the best places you went to last year

  One of the best places I went to WAS Pula-Pula

• what was one of the best things that you did last year

  One of the best things I did WAS birthday party

• what was one of the best movies/series you watched last year

  One of the best movies I watched WAS Inside Out 2

- The sky is dark

Aff: The sky was dark

Neg: The skay wasn't dark

Int: Was the sky dark?

• I am happy.

• You are a teacher.

• He is my friend.

• She is a doctor.

• It is a sunny day.

• We are in the park.

• They are at home.

• This book is interesting.

I was at home, playing with my Barbies

2. What was your favorite toy, when you were younger?

My favorite toy

3. Who was your best friend in your previous school?

4. When was the last time you went to the mall?

Look how we form the affirmative, negatie and interrogative forms for them:

Affirmative: Jack lived here.

SUBJECT + VERB (IN THE PAST)

Negative: Jack ddin't live here.

SUBJECT + DIDN'T + VERB (BASE FORM)

Interrogative: Did Jack live here?

DID + SUBJECT + VERB (BASE FORM)

THE PAST FORM OF REGULAR VERBS IS MADE WITH "ED".

A: Did you travel last year?

B: Yes, I traveled last year / Yes, I did

OR

No, I didn't travel last year / No, I didn't

If the answer is YES:

A: Where did you go?

B: I went to New York

A: Really? Did you like it?

B: Yes! I loved it! / Yes, I liked it / No, I didn't like it / No, I hated it

Now, let's practice this conversation with your reality.

I went to my grandparents' house

2. What did you do there?

I had lunch there.

3. Did you go there with friends, or family?

I went there with my family

4. What did you eat there?

I ate oven rice and meat

5. What did you drink there?

I drank passion fruit juice

Part 1 (0:00 - 3:01)

Useful vocabulary:

doll collectors hobbyists fabsome besties closet

inches (1 inch = 2,5cm) 3 inches wide 13 inches tall

Materials:

foamboard craft knife (or xacto knife) with a sharp blade

large acrylic ruler (precision tip) hot glue gun

Verbs:

control cut make align run (a quick scored line)

go back (to the top) push down pull (the xacto knife) down

turn (the board) move measure

Useful vocabulary:

edge over a quick box a line of glue (the larger) board

top bottom scrap(s) desk underneath every 2 inches

a tall shelf (a lot of) storage (for stuff)

Materials:

foil paper mirror tile felt a fuzzy sock

Verbs:

cut (it) line (them) up glue close off (the other side)

make socre (a line) hold (the shape) store

B:My weekend was cool

A: What did you do?

B: I went to my grandmother"s house

A: Where did you go?

B: ------

A: Did you like it?

B: Yes, I liked it (OR) Yes, I did

Now, ask similar questions about your vacation.

A: How was your vacation?

B: It was great!

A: What did you do?

B: I traveled

A: Really? Where did you go?

B: I went to Rio de Janeiro .

A: What did you do there?

B: I visited Christ Redeemer and the Sugarloaf. I also went to many beaches..

A: Did you like it?

B: I loved it!

B: It was cool. (It = My vacation)

A: What did you do?

B: I traveled.

A: Where did you go?

B: I went to Caraguatatuba

A: When did you go there?

B: I went in January 2025

A: What did you do there?

B: I went to the beach and I had ice-cream,

A: Did you like it?

B: Yes, I did. (OR) Yes, I liked it.

After answering the questions, use the answers above to write a text about the place that you visited.

When did you gravel to Europe?

I went to Europe 2 years AGO.

1. When did you buy your last Barbie?

2. When did you travel for the last time?

3. When was your birthday?

4. When was the last time you went to the mall?

5. When did you visit your grandparents for the last time?

B: It was boring. (It = My week)

A: what did you do ?

B: I went to school, I had English classes and I watched Big Bang Theory.

A: Did you like it?

B: Yes, I did.

A: did you go to the mall ?

B: No, I didn't. Because my mom had classes.

A: how was your birthiday ?

B: My birthday was very fun. (It = My birthday)

A: what did you do?

B: I had a celebration at home.

A: what gifit did you get ?

B: I got Barbies.

A: did you like them?

B: Yes, I did (OR) Yes, I liked them (OR) Yes, I liked the Barbies.

Esample:

A journalist writeS about the news.

• I think (that) ...

• I believe (that)...

• In my opinion...

• For me...

Now think about the following people/things and express your opinons about them:

1. Neymar 7. Donald Trump

2. Taylor Swift 8. Lula

3. Chocolate 9. Bicycles

4. Music 10. Motorcycles

5. Sports 11. Beaches

6. Videogames 12. Parks

(THIS PERSON HAS TO BE DEAD)

1. Where was he/she born?

2. When was he/she born?

3. what did he/she graduate in?

4. What did he/she do?

5. Did he/she have brothers and/or sisters? If so, how many?

6. What did he/she do that was important?

7. Where did he/she live?

8. What did he/she like to do?

9. Did he/she get married? Did he/she have kids? How many?

10. Where and when did he/she die?

Now separate the information in topics:

• eraly life and family

• how they got started (how they started their professional life)

• most important things they did

• later life

2- he was born in August 29, 1958

3-He got a duokina as ab gibirart dictir ub gynabutues

4-He was a singer, dancer, and fashion

5- He had five brothers and three sisters. 

6- he lived in Gary, Indiana, Los Olivos, California, and Beverly Hills, California. 

7-he was married to Lisa Marie Presley and Debbie Rowe. he had three kids Prince Michael Jackson II,Paris Jackson and Michael Joseph Jackson Jr.

8- Michael Jackson died on June 25, 2009 at his home in Los Angeles, California. He was 50 years old. 

USE VERBS IN THE PAST.

We won't (will not) have enough food for everyone

2. Will people have more, or less personal contact with friends and family?

3. Will we have enough food for everyone on the planet in 100 years?

4. Will robots and A.I. replace humans in their jobs?

5. What do you think houses will be like in the future?

6. What will schools be like in 100 years?

7. How will people move from place to place?

8. What kinds of food will people eat?

Affirmative:

Negative:

Interrogative:

A Will we still use cash (paper money) in the future?

B: Yes, we will still use cash in the future.

No, we won't use cash anymore in the future.

You can use these topics to ask the questions:

• medicine, health

• education (school)

• entertainment (films, parks, music etc)

• transportation

• food

• technology

Examples:

1. I am going to travel next week

2. She is going to buy a car this weekend

3. We are going to study tomorrow

How do you make the three sentences above in the:

Negative form:

1. I am not going to travel next week

2. She is not going to buy a car this weekend

3. We are not going to study tomorrow

Interrogative form:

1. Am I going to travel next week

2. Is seh going to buy a car this weekend

3 Are we going to study tomorrow

2. What are you going to do tonight?

3. When are you going to travel?

4. Are you going to study today?

5. Are you going to eat pizza today?

6. Is your dad going to work tomorrow?

7. Is your mom going to work tomorrow?

8. Are your cousins going to visit you this week?

a. love doing

b. like doing

c. don't like doing

d. hate doing

Now ask your teacher about the topics above:

a.

b.

c.

d.

Imagine you are going to tell another person about what your teacher said. How do you do it?

a.

b.

c.

c.

How would you ask the questions above about:

1. your mom

a.

b.

c.

c.

2. your dad

a.

b.

c.

d.

1. Where .... from?

2. How old ...?

3. When... birthday?

4. What languages... speak?

5. ... any brothers, or sisters?

6. How ... spell that?

Now take the questions above and rewrite them about:

Your mom:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Your dad:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

How would you answer the questioins above?

- who - when - where - how - why

- what - which - how many

Which words are used for:

1. numbers (quantity)

2. places

3. the ways to do something

4. objects

5. reasons

6. people

7. to ask about things in a gropup

8. time

Now make one question with each word above:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

7.

Think about questions you want to ask your mom and your dad about your grandparents. (4 questions for each each grandparent)

NOTE: grandfather = grandpa and grandmother = grandma

Exemple: Where does grandpa live?

will schools still have books?

will movies be in 3D?

will there be flying cars?

will food have expiration date?

will technology continue improving ?

Are you going to visit your family this weekend?

What are you going to do tomorrow?

Models:

- Are there balls in the picture?

- Yes, there are some balls

- Is there a pool in the picture?

- Yes, there is a pool

- Is there a videogame in the picture?

- No, there isn't a videogame in the picture.

Questions:

1. Are there chairs in the picture?

2. Is there a couch in the picture?

3. Is there a bed in the picture?

4. Are there boots in the picrure?

5. Are there toys in the picture?

6. Is there a fridge in the picture?

Based on the examples above, we can conclude that we use the verb THERE TO BE (There is, There are) to express what?

1. Jack lives with _________________ (his brother)

2. __________ (Jack) works with ____________ (his wife)

3. __________ (Jack and I) like to go to the park with _____________ (John and Carol).

4. __________ (Marcia) doesn't live with _________ (Paul and me)

5. __________ (Paul and Jack) want to talk to __________ (John and Carol)

6. __________ (Jennifer) bought a gift for _________ (her mother)

7. __________ (Christine) was afraid of __________ (that insect)

8. __________ (That insect) is bugging __________ (Mary)

9. ___________ (Tina) lives with ______________ (Robert).

10. ___________ (Robert) lives with _____________ (Tina)

she is from brazil

2-how old is she

she is 48 years old

3-when is her birthday?

her birthday is on july 17

4- what languages does she speak

she speaks 3 languages

5-does she have any brothers or sisters?

yes , she has 1 sister

1- where is he from

he is from brazil

2-how old is he?

he is 48 years old

3-when is his birthday?

his birthday is on August 13

4- what langages does he is speak

he speaks 1 leanguage

5 does he have any brothers or sisters?

yes he has 1 brother and 1 sister

there is 1 bed

there is 1 computer

there is 1 dollhouse

there are

there are some dolls

there are some clothes

there are some pens

Are there clothes in your room?

Are there bags in you room ?

Are there shoes in your room?

Is there

Is there a computer in your room ?

Is there a closet in your room?

Is there a pencil in your room?

there isn't a ball

there isn't a pool

there aren't cups

there aren't tennis rackets

there aren't soccer balls

- name / location

- what there is / are in your neighborhood (ex: supermarkets, drugstores, malls etc..)

- what you like and don't like doing in your neighborhood

board game calculator bottle musical instrument

paper ruler socks sucnglasses toothbrush

1. you use this to draw lines and check distances.

2. a guitar and piano are types of this.

3. people wear these on their feet.

4. you wear these to protect your eyes from the sun.

5. you carry water and other liquids in it.

6. you use this to do math

7. Chess (Xadrez) and Monopoly (Banco Imobiliário) are types of this.

8. you use this to clean your teeth.

9. you write on this with a pen or pencil.

Look at the exmaples:

a. John could build a house of cards in 10 minutes (John was able to build...). - Past abilitiy

b. Patrick could be there now (it's possible that he is there now) - present possiblity

c. Mary could talk to you tomorrow (it will be possible for Mary to talk to you tomorrow) - future possiblity.

Forms:

Affirmative: He could do this

SUBJECT + COULD + COMPLEMENT

Negative: He couldn't do this

SUBJECT + COULD NOT (COULDN`T) + COMPLEMENT

Question: Could he do this?

COULD + SUBJECT + COMPLEMENT

Complete the sentences below with COULD or COULDN'T:

1. I ______________ go there yesterday because I didn't have time.

2. We ______________do this project together this week, what do you think?

3. _____________you do me afavor?

4. Some ancient peoples (such as the egyptians and the aztecs) _____________ do very complex math caclulations.

5. Jennifer _______________ do her homework because she didn't understand the subject.

There are supermarkets

There are restaurants

There are schools

there are drugstore

there is polices

there is a mall

I like goig to the mall

I don't like going to school

2- musical instrument

3-socks

4-sunglasses

5-bottle

6-calculator

7-board game

8-toothbrush

9-paper

I could put my foot on my head.

2. Say one thing that you couldn't do when you were younger (you didn't have the ability of doing it)

I could not (couldn't) spin hula hoop

3. Say one thing you couldn't do last weekend because of the cold weather, or because you didn't have the opportunity.

I couldn't get into the sea

4. Say one thing that you could do last weekend because you had the opportunity.

I could go on Carreta Furacão

5. Say one thing that you could do next week, but you won't do (you don't have the time, or the money to do it).

2-could

3could

4could

5-couldn't

1. ^{There was} a drugstore on my block, but it closed and now there is a clothing store there.

2. There were a lot of people at the party when I arrived, but now there are just a few.

What is the difference between the terms in bold italics in sentences 1 and 2?

- Think about things that existed in the past (and don't exist anymore) in the world:

Example: recrod players - music streaming devices

In the past, there were record players, now there are music streaming services.

Use the following pairs of words to make the sentences:

a) letters - e-mails

b) tube TV's - flat screen TV's

c) wagons - cars

d) walkmans - cell phones with music

e) radio programs - podcasts

- Now think about things that existed in the past in your house/apartment and write sentences with There was / There were:

B-In the past, there were tube TV's, now there are flat screen TV's

C-In the past,there were wagons, now there are cars

D-in the past, there were walkmans, now there are cell phones with music

E-In the past , there were radio programs, now there are podcasts

1. used to do in the past, but you don't do them anymore:

2. used to do in the past and still do them today.

3. didn't use to do in the past, but now you do.

Write complete sentences about the topics above.

Affirmative Negative Interrogative

I am / was I am not / I wasn't Am I? / Was I?

You are / were

He is / was

She is / was

It is / was

We are / were

You are / were

They are / were

I am / was + ING I am not/wasn't +ING Am I / Was ING?

You

He

She

It

We

You

They

1. What were you doing yesterday at this time?

I was watchING a film.

2. What were you doing last Sunday at 7:00 am?

3. What were you doing this morning at 7:00 am?

4. What were you doing today at 1:00 pm?

5. What were you doing yesterday at 9:00 pm?

- In the past, there was a landline phone. Now there is a cell phone.

- In the past, there was a small toy kitchen, now there is a big toy kitchen.

- In the past, there was a counter, now there is a table

I USED TO play videogames

Negative:

I DIDN`T USE TO play videogames

Interrogative:

DID you USE TO play videogames

.

3-In the past I didn't use to play videogames . Now I play

(Complete the questions first)

1. What was your mom doing yesterday at this time?

2. What was your mom doing last Sunday at 7:00 am?

3. What was your mom doing this morning at 7:00 am?

4. What was your mom doing today at 1:00 pm?

5. What was your mom doing yesterday at 9:00 pm?

Answer the same questions abuot your dad:

(Complete the questions first)

1. What was your dad doing yesterday at this time?

2. What was your dad doing last Sunday at 7:00 am?

3. What was your dad doing this morning at 7:00 am?

4. What was your dad doing today at 1:00 pm?

5. What was your dad doing yesterday at 9:00 pm?

SUBJECT + was / were + VERBING

Negative:

SUBJECT + wasn't / weren't + VERBING

INterrogative:

Was / Were + SUBJECT +VERBING

a. I was playing soccer while John was doing his homework.

b. My mom arrived while/when I was watching TV.

c. Mary was cooking when Peter called.

Answer:

1. Which sentence describes an action that happened when another action was in progress?

B

2. Which sentence describes an action that was in progresss while another action was in progress?

A

3. Which sentence describes an action that waas in progress when another action happened?

C

1. While Maria (A. was reading / B. read) a book, her brother (A. played / B. was playing) video games.

   A, B

2. I (A. drove / B. was driving) to work when I (A. saw / B. was seeing) a big accident on the road.

3. They (A. were cooking / B. cooked) dinner when the lights (A. went out / B. were going out).

4. We (A. watched / B. were watching) TV while our parents (A. were talking / B. talked) in the kitchen.

5. John (A. slipped / B. was slipping) while he (A. was running / B. ran) for the bus.

6. The teacher (A. spoke / B. was speaking) when someone (A. knocked / B. was knocking) on the door.

I was sleeping

I was playing with my friend

I was talking with my grandmother

she was slepping

she was getting ready

she was working

she was watching tv

he was sleeping

he was sleeping

he was having lunch

he was watching tv

3.a,a

4b,a

5.a,a

6.b,a

Match the verbs with the sentences in exercise 1:

a. to learn - LEARNED (PAST)

b. to be - WAS / WERE (PAST)

c. to get

d. to win

e. to make - (wil, or to be going to)

f. to become - (will, or to be going to)

2. Answer the questions in exercise 2 (page 28)

3. Choose one example from your book (for each verb) and write one sentence for each verb, following the instructions below:

- Sentences with verbs "a" and "b" - use the PAST

- Sentences with verbs "c" and "d" - use the PRESENT

- Sentences with verbs "e" and "f" - use the future

(Use the space below to write your sentences)

1. what's in the shops for people to buy* a. FOUNDERS

2. give financial help b. DOWLOADED

3. green, helping the planet c. SPONSOR

4. people who start an organization** d. ENVIRONMENTALLY FRIENDLY

5. from the past e. WENT ON SALE

6. took data from the internet onto a f. RETRO

computer, or smartphone***

*What's the infinitive form? TO GO ON SALE

**what's the singular noun? FOUNDER

***What's the infinitive form? TO DOWNLOAD

Exercise 7 - Complete the sentneces with the expressions from exericse 6.

I fell off the stairs

- Look at the time expressions in exercise 3, page 34. Choose 5 of those expressions and write a text explaining what happened at your school. You may also invent parts of the story, if necessary.

Example:

One day I was at my school and...

2. What do you usually spend your moeny on?

3. Are you saving money to buy anything at the moment? If so, what do you want to buy?

4. What is a good way for teenagers to earn money in Brazil?

5. Do you know how teenagers earn money in the USA?

6. Do you ever buy or sell things online? If so, what platform do you use?

1. to be worth: A: How much is this vase worth?

B: It's worth US$ 50

2. a set of: A: How much is this set of color pens?

B: It's US$ 15

3. cereal: A: Do you eat cereal for breakfast?

B: Yes, sometimes. And I like it with milk.

4. collector: A: Do you collect anything?

B: Yes, I'm a coin collector

5. valuable: A: How much do you want for this old watch?

B: Sorry, it's not for sale. It's too valuable for me.

6. treasure: A: What did pirates do?

B: They were always looking for treasures.

Now, write one sentence with each of the words above:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

- How can we define countable and uncountable nouns?

- We normally use the following words to quantify both countable and uncountable nouns: SOME, ANY and NO. The difference is that, with COUNTABLE nouns, we can also use numbers to quantify them, on the other hand, with UNCOUNTABLE NOUNS, we can only use words like SOME, ANY and NO.

Look at the examples:

1. I would like to eat a banana

2. I would like to buy some bananas

3. I would like to eat some popcorn

4. I need to buy some fruit because I don't have any (fruit)

5. I don't need to buy any soda, because I have a lot.

6. Do you have any tomatoes?

7. I have no tomatoes

8. I don't have any tomatoes

9. I want to eat any fruit

SOME - Affirmative sentences (ALGUM, ALGUMA, ALGUNS ALGUMAS, UM POUCO DE).

ANY - Affirmative - qualquer / quaisquer

Negative - nenum / nenhuma

Interrogqative - algum, alguma, alguns, algumas

NO - "Affirmative", but then the sentence becomes negative - NENHUM, NENHUM

I have NO bananas

I don't have any bananas

Examples: They have a lot of / lots of money in the bank.

Jack has a lot of / lots of things to do today.

As we can see from above, a lot of and lots of can be used for both COUNTABLE AND UNCOUNTABLE nouns.

Now write 2 sentences with a lot of and 2 sentences with lots of (different sentences)

1.

2.

3.

4.

We use:

many - to talk about a large amount of something countable.

much - to talk about a large amount of something uncountable.

Example: I have many things to do tomorrow.

NOTE: We don1t normally use MUCH in affirmative sentences. Then, it's better to use "A LOT OF"

Example: I have much money in the bank.

I have a lot of money in the bank.

NOT Many / Much

We use:

not many - to talk about a small amount of something countable.

not much - to talk about a small amount of something uncountable.

Examples: I don't have many things to do tomorrow

I don't have much money in the bank

Now write 2 sentences with MANY in the negative form and 2 sentences with MUCH in the hegativer form too.

1.

2.

3.

4.

1. There are too many people in this room

(a quantity of something COUNTABLE that is more than necessary, more than wanted, exaggerated)

2. There is too much sugar in this cake

(a quantity of something UNCOUNTBABLE that is more than necessary, more than wanted, exaggerated)

3. We have enough sugar to make the cake.

(a quantity that is sufficient to do something).

4. We don't have enough sugar / This amount of sugar is not enough to make the cake.

(a quantity that is not sufficient to do something).

Now write 2 sentences with TOO MANY, 2 with TOO MUCH, 2 with ENOUGH and 2 with NOT ENOUGH.

2-how much is this set of pencil?

3-Do you like eat cerela

4-Are you a collector?

5-this is very valuable

6-Did you find treasure?

My friends weren't shocked, they just laughed too much. After hat, I also started laughing because it was very funny. It didn't hurt, only my face was red. The good part is no teacher saw me, only my friends.

in supermarket have a lot of apples

my class have lots of lesson

my mom have a lots of paper

Examples:

Short adjectives - big, small, cold, old, tall etc

Long adjectives - beautiful, dangerous, difficult, intelligent, interesting etc

Comparatives with SHORT ADJECTIEVES:

Examples:

SMALL - SMALLER

OLD - OLDER

BIG - BIGGER

HOT - HOTTER

EASY - EASIER

STURDY - STURDIER

Exceptions:

GOOD - BETTER

BAD - WORSE

Examples: This car is smaller than that one.

The weather in Brazil is hotter than in England

Let's come up with the spelling rules:

Comparatives with LONG ADJECTIVES:

DANGEROUS - MORE DANGEROUS (THAN)

BEAUTIFUL - MORE BEAUTIFUL (THAN)

DIFFICULT - MORE DIFFICULT (THAN)

INTERESTING - MORE INTERESTING (THAN)

INTELLIGENT - MORE INTELLIGENT (THAN)

Examples: This exercise is more difficult than the other

Lions are more beautiful than tigers.

Let's come up with the rules:

Comparatives:

For short adjectives - we add ER, but there are some spelling rules.

1. We normally add ER to make comparatives.

ex: (cold - colder, old - older)

2. For adjectives that end in Y and before the Y there is a consonant, we remove the Y and add IER

(ex: easy - easier, sturdy - sturdier etc)

3. When the adjective ends in CVC (consonant - vowel - consonant) and the last syllable is the strongest, we doulbe thel last letter and add ER.

For long adjectives

We add MORE to the adjective

(ex: intelligent - more intelligent, beautiful - more beautiful)

(ex: hot - hotter, bitg - bigger)

Examples:

Short adjectives - big, small, cold, old, tall etc

Long adjectives - beautiful, dangerous, difficult, intelligent, interesting etc

Superlatives with SHORT ADJECTIEVES:

Examples:

SMALL - THE SMALLLEST

OLD - THE OLDEST

BIG - THE BIGGEST

HOT - THE HOTTEST

EASY - THE EASIEST

STURDY - THE STURDIEST

Exceptions:

GOOD - THE BEST

BAD - THE WORST

Examples: This is the biggest house on the street.

The coldest place in the world is Antarctica

Let's come up with the spelling rules:

For short adjectives, we add EST. But, if the adjective ends in CVC (consonant, vowel, consonant), we doulbe the last consonant (ex: hot - the hottest) and if the adjective ends in "Y", we remove the "Y" and add IEST.

Superlatives with LONG ADJECTIVES:

DANGEROUS - THE MOST DANGEROUS

BEAUTIFUL - THE MOST BEAUTIFUL

DIFFICULT - THE MOST DIFFICULT

INTERESTING - THE MOST INTERESTING

INTELLIGENT - THE MOST INTELLIGENT

Examples: The shark is the most dangerous animal in the world

This is the most interesting book.

Let's come up with the rules:

For long adjectives, we, we simply add THE MOST

John is as tlal as Paul (Both John and Paul are the same height)

This house is as old as that one (the two houses are apparently the same age).

Lions are as dangerous as tigers (lions and tigers are dangerous at the same level)

NOTE: As we can see, when we use this form of compartives, the adjectives remain the same (it doesn't matter if they are long, or short).

Let's practice:

Rewrite the sentences below, using comparatives, superlatives, or comparatives with "as + adjective + as"

(NOTE: use the adjectives in parentheses):

1. Jack is 23 years old and Walter is 23 years onld too. (old)

Jack is as old as Walter

2. Jack is 23 years old, but Judy is 22 years old. (old)

Jack is older than Judy.

3. Jack is 23 years old and everybody else in his group of firiends is under 23. (old)

Jack is the oldest in his group of friends.

4. In my opinion, lions and tigers have the same amount of beuty (beautiful)

Lions are as beautiful as tigers

5. In my opinion, lions have a bigger amount of beauty than tigers (beautiful)

Lions are more beautiful than tigers

6. In my opinion, there are no animals more baeautiful than lions (beautiful)

Lions are the most beautiful animals in the world

1. Jennifer is not as tall as her sister Katy.

Who is taller? Jennifer, or Katy?

2. Elephants are not as docile as people think.

Do people think elephnats are more or less docile than they really are?

Now look a the sentences below and rewrite them using either "as + adjective + as", or "not as + asdjective + as".

1. Jack and Paul are the same age (old)

2. Jack and Paul have different ages and Paul is older than Jack (old)

2there are too many students

2i eat too much chocolate

3she drinks too much coffee

4he didn't sudy enough for test

5there isn't enough water in the bottle

6-we have enough chairs for the class

7-he is strong enough to lift the box

Grammar Topics:

1. SOME, ANY and NO

2. LOTS OF, MUCH and MANY

3. NOT MUCH, NOT MANY and ENOUGH

4. TOO MUCH, TOO MANY, ENOUGH and NOT ENOUGH

5. COMPARATIVES (er - short adjetcties / more + adjectives - long adjectives)

6. SUPERLATIVES (the -est - short adjectives / the most + adjective - long adjectives)

7. AS ... AS

8. NOT AS... AS

2. After that, look at the problems peole have and give them advice, using the expressions below:

Why don't you....? - How about...? (verb+ING) - You could (always)...

You should - Y ou shouldn't

a. My dog is sick. What can I do?

Why don't you take it to the vet? / How about takING it to the vet?

b. I broke my favorite toy. What could I possibly do?

c. My grades at school are low. What do you suggest I do?

d. My best friend stopped talking to me after a fight that we had. What should I do?

e. I have a lot of homework to do in a short time. What do you think I could do about it?

f. I lost my shool book and I have a test tomorrow. What can I do?

g. I am going to have dinner at a friend's house where everyone is a vegetarian, but I don't like vegetables. What should I do about it?

h. I have a fever and I am caughing a lot. Wht do you suggest I do?

Examples:

The boy is too short to play basketball

The boy is not tall enough to play basketball

The little boy is too young to drive

The little boy is not old enough do drive

Do the same for the following:

a. beautiful - ugly

b. smart - stupid

c. rich - poor

d. fat - thin

e. patient - impatient

- quantifiers (many, much, a lot of, not many, not much)

- comparatives 1 (short: bigger, colder, smaller, hotter / long: more dangerous (than), more beautiful (than)

- comparatives 2 (as + ajective + as, not as + adjective + as)

- comparatives 3 (too + adjective / not + adjective + enough)

- superlatives 9short: the biggest, the coldest, the smallest / long: the most dangerous, the most beautiful)

Do you have many friends

Do you have enough free time

Do you eat too much chocolate

Is english easier than math?

Who is the nicest person in your family?

Is your brother as tall as you?

Is your house not as big as your friend's house?

why don't you study more for the test

you cold apoogize to her

how about not doing your homework

why don't you ask someone to send you the pages

you cold eat before you go and pretend you the not hungry

how about going to the doctor

- People will wear VR glasses in the future, instead of cell phones.

- We won't have paper money in the world anymore in 50 years.

Now write 2 predictions for the future for each of the topics below (one sentence with WILL dn the other, with WON'T).

1. Transportation 2. Entertainment

a. All cars will be electric a.

b. Cars won't be cheaper b.

3. Medicine 4. Health

a. a.

b. b.

5. Our planet 6. Animals and plantts

a. a.

b. b.

- VR glasses WILL replace cell phones in 30 years.

(strong probability - we are more sure about the prediction)

- VR glasses MIGHT replace cell phones in 30 years

(not so strong probability - we are not completey sure about the prediciton).

See how we make affirmtive, negative and interrogative sentences with MIGHT:

Affirmative: They might arrive on time (it's possible that they will arrive on time)

Negative: They might not arrive on time (it's possible that they will not arrive on time)

Question: Migjht they arrive on time? (Is there a possibility that they will arrive on time?)

Take the other sentences that you wrote in the previous exercise and decide which, in your opinion, have a smaller probability to happen. Rewrite them, using MIGHT:

Example:

Sentence: People will have flying cars by 2050.

Question: In your opinion, Will people have flying cars by 2050 ?

Phrasal verbs with the verb LOOK:

• look for = search for, try to find something/someone

  ex: I looked for my book everywhere, but I didn't find it.

• look at = direct your eyes to a specific point, in order to see somethiung/someone

  ex: I looked at my friend and she was crying.

• look after = tacke care of something/someone

  ex: Mary looked after the baby for 5 hours.

• look up to = have someone as an example because you admire that person

ex: I look up to my dad because he is a very honest and dedicated man

As we can see, the verb LOOK has different meanings, according to the preposition that follows it. Now look at other phrasal verbs:

- cut down - give up - pick up - throw away

- turn down - turn off - turn on - turn up

Now, look at the examples for the verbs (on page 55 (exercise 3) above and make one sentnece with each of the verbs above, using WILL / WON'T and MIGHT / MIGHT NOT.

1. What kind(s) of food do you need to cut down in your daily diet?

2. What habit(s) do you think you should give up?

3. When you have something difficult to do, do you give up easily, or do you try to do it many times?

4. What time does your mom/dad pick you up at school?

5. If you found money on the street, would you walk on by it, or would you pick it up?

6. When you use paper, do you throw it away, or do you keep it to be reutilized?

7. When you are walking on the street and you finish eating something (a chocolate, a popsicle etc), do you throw the paper on the floor, or do you wait to throw it away in a trash can?

8. When someone is playing loud music next to you, do you ask them to turn down the volume, or do you like it?

9. Do you always turn off the lights when you leave a room in your house?

10. Do you turn off your cell phone when you go to sleep, or do you keep it on?

11. When you wake up, do you turn on the lights immediately, or do you wait a few minutes to do it?

12. Do you turn up the volume when you listen to music, or do you prefer to listen to music at a low volume?

Might hospitals not be accessible?

Yes, they might

Movies might be 3D

Might movies be 3D

Yes, they might / No, they might not

People might not work

Might people not work?

No, they might not.

Our planet might have global warming

Might our planet have global warming?

Yes, it might. / No, it might not

Animals might not have a home

Might animals not have a home?

No, they might not.

i have to give up p.e.classes

my dad picks up in school at 12;50

i throw away paper every week

i turned down the music

i turned off the light

i turned on the light

i turned up the music

The zero conditional is used to talk about things that are always true — facts, rules, or things that happen every time.

We use it when one thing always causes another (one thing is a direct consequence from the other).

✅ Examples

1. If you heat water to 100°C, it boils.

(This is a scientific fact — it always happens.)

2. If it rains, the grass gets wet.

(This is always true in nature.)

3. If I wake up late, I miss the bus.

(This happens every time I wake up late.)

🧱 Structure

IF+ SUBJECT + PRESENT SIMPLE / SUBJECT + PRESENT SIMPLE

• The verb in both parts of the sentence is in the present simple tense.

• You can also switch the order of the two parts.

1. If you ______ ice, it _______. (heat, melt)

2. If people ______ too much suar, they _______cavities. (consume, get)

3. If it ______, the gound _____ wet. (rain, get)

4. If you ______ water and flour, you _____dough. (combine, have)

5. If that student _____ hard, he _____ his tests. (work, pass)

The first conditional is used to talk about things that have a possibility tot happen in the future, depending on a condition.

✅ Examples

1. If it rains tomorrow, I will stay home.

(Maybe it will rain — if it does, I’ll stay home.)

2. If you study hard, you will pass the test.

(You have a good chance to pass if you study.)

3. If we leave now, we will catch the bus.

(It’s possible to catch the bus if we go quickly.)

🧱 Structure

IF+ SUBJECT + PRESENT SIMPLE / SUBJECT + WILL + VERB (BASE FORM)

• The "if" part uses the present simple.

• The second part uses "will" + verb (to show the future).

NOTE: It's also possible to use COULD, or MIGHT, in the part of the sentence that doens't have IF (the second part) when you are not so sure about the consequence in the future.

1. If you ______ your homework, you ______ a good grade. (complete / get)

2. If it ______ tomorrow, we ______ at home. (rain / stay)

3. If he ______ early, he ______ the train. (arrive / catch)

4. If I ______ tired, I ______ to bed early. (feel / go)

5. If Carol ______ enough money, she ______ a new phone. (save / buy)

- What happens if you boil water?

- If I boil water, it evaporates.

1. What happens if a person jumps from the top of a very high building?

2. What is the consequence if you cut your finger with a knife?

3. What normally happens, if we exercise too much.

4. If we play with fire, what usually happens?

- What is the consequence, if we don't do our homework?

- If we don't do our homework, we won't learn the subject well.

1. What will you do this weekend, if it rains?

2. If you go to the mall tomorrow, what will you do there?

3. What will you buy, if your dad gives you R$ 500,00?

4. If you go to your favorite restaurant, what will you order?

2. If I ...

3. If my dad...

4. If Taylor Swift...

5. If my best friend...

6. If my dog...

7. My mom will buy me a new Barbie if...

8. My dad will take me to the mall if ...

• What will you do if... ?

  OR

• If you..., what / where will you ...?

  
  

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

• What will happen if the world temperature rises?

  (Start the qeustions with "What will happen if...?")

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

consume- get

rains- gets

combine-have

works- passes

if i cut my finger with a knife, it Bleeds

if we exercise too much , we sweat

if we play with fire , we get burned

1. Where did you ___________your best friend?

2. Do you like to ___________ at your grandpatents' house on weekends?

3. What do you like to_____________ when you go to a restaruant?

4. How often do you ____________ to the movies?

5. Would you like to _____________on a TV show (such as Young Sheldon, Friends...)? If so, which?

6. Would you like to ______________ Disney World one day?

7. Do you like to_______________ a diary?

8. Do you know how to ____________ the piano?

make a snowman - record music - ride a horse - sing karaoke - sleep under the stars

take a dance class - bake a cake - build a sandcastle - play laser tag - swim with dolphins - travel to another continent

1. Every summer, our local theater invites children to __________ during the arts festival.

2. On her birthday, she decided to __________ with her grandmother’s secret recipe.

3. The kids spent the afternoon at the beach trying to __________ before the tide came in.

4. Would you ever dare to __________ off a cliff in New Zealand?

5. On windy days, we love to go to the park and __________.

6. During our trip to Costa Rica, we had the chance to __________ through the rainforest canopy.

7. When the music started, everyone began to __________ with excitement.

8. To help organize her thoughts, she started to __________ every night before bed.

9. When the snow finally fell, the children rushed outside to __________ in the front yard.

10. At the birthday party, the teens couldn’t wait to __________ in the dark maze.

11. In his home studio, he learned how to __________ using professional software.

12. On our weekend getaway, I finally got to __________ along the mountain trail.

13. At the karaoke bar, she bravely stepped up to __________ in front of everyone.

14. One of my favorite memories from camping was when we got to __________ by the lake.

15. On our vacation to the Bahamas, we were lucky enough to __________ in the open sea.

16. To prepare for the wedding, they decided to __________ together every Saturday.

17. Her lifelong dream was to __________ and explore new cultures.

rains - will stay

arrives- will catch

feel - will go

saves - will buy

if i go to the mall , i will buy clothes

if my dad gives me 500,00 , i will buy games

if I go to my favorite restaurant , I will order pasta and juice

1. When the action is more important than the time (moment) it happened:

EXs - a) A: Have you seen Wicked?

B: Yes, I have seen Wicked / No, I haven't seen Wicked.

b) I have been here before

2. When a fact in the past affects the present:

Exs - a) I have studied a lot, so I am prepared for the test now

b) Jack has read the book, so he can explain the film to us.

3. When an action started in the past and continues until now:

Exs - a) I have studied English for 5 years. / since 2021

b) Paul has worked for Coca-Cola since 2019 / for 7 years

NOTE: In this case, it's very common to use the words since (for a point in time) and for (for a period of time).

4. When we talk about lifetime experiences:

Exs - a) A: Have you ever gone bungee-jumping?

B: Yes, I have already gone bungee-jumping

OR

No, I have never gone bungee-jumping

b) We have visited India before.

c) That actor has partcipated in many films.

a) I have seen Wicked

b) I haven't seen Wicked

c) Have you seen Wicked?

How can we make the affirmative form?

SUBJECT + HAVE / HAS + VERB (3RD COLUMN)

How can we make the negative form?

SUBJECT + HAVEN`T / HASN`T + VERB (35D COLUMN)

How can we make the question form?

HAVE / HAS + SUBJECT + VERB (3RD COLUMN)

Go to page 66 in your book and do exercies 1, 3 and 4 there.

If my dad doesn't work he will not make money

if taylor swift doesn't sing she will not do the shows

if my best friend skips school , i will not go to school

if my dog doesn't eat she will vomit

nMy mom will buy me a new barbie if I tidy my room

My dad will take me to the mall if I do de dishes

If you fall what will you do

what will you do if a dog bites you

If you travel were will you go?

If you crash the carr waht will you do ?

what will you do if you win a car

2. Did you see any accident while you were walking to school?

3. What did your dad say when you were watching Stranger Things?

4. Were you sleeping when the thunderstorm started? (thunderstorm = strong storm)

5. What did you eat while you were studying for your test?

a. affiirmative with SOME (= algum)

b. affirmative with ANY (= qualquer)

c. negative with ANY (= nenhum)

d. interrogative with ANY (= algum)

e. affirmative with NO (= nenhum)

2. Make setnences with these other quantifiers:

a. much (uncountable)

b. many (countable)

c. a lot of

d. not much (uncountable)

e. not many (countable)

3. Now, use the following:

a. too much - exaggerated - (uncountable)

b. too many - exaggerated - (countable)

c. not too much (uncountable)

d. not too many (countable)

e. enough (= sufficient)

f. not enough (= not sufficient)

Think about 4 things that you think WILL certainly happen in the future (2050) and write sentences.

Example: In 2050, we will have flying cars

(you may talk about, education, medicine, technology, food etc)

2. MIGHT

Think about 4 things that you think MIGHT happen (there is a small chance to happen).

Example: In 2050, we might have teletransportation

(you may use the same topics from before)

3. CONDITIONAL SENTENCES (IF CLAUSES):

a. ZERO CONDITIONAL:

Write 4 sentences using the ZERO CONDITIOJNAL

Example: If we run too much, we get tired (present / present)

b. FIRST CONDITIONAL:

Write 4 sentences using the FIRST CONDITIONAL

Example: If we go to the park, we will play volleyball (present / will + verb)

• How was your vacation?

• What did you do during your vacation?

• Did you travel?

• Where did you go?

• What did you do there?

• Did you buy anything on your vacation?

Over time, Henry has learned powerful spells that few others know, and his adventures have inspired many to be brave. He defeated a rival who once tried to steal the wand, and he has found courage in moments of fear . Because of these deeds, Henry has earned respect across the school, and his story has already become part of Dogwarts’ legends.

Present Perfect Simple Past

I have seen this film before I saw this film yesterday

We have been to the club We went to the club last week

Mary has played the piano Mary played the piano 2 days ago

WE DON'T USE THE PRESENT PERFECT WITH SPECFIFIC TIME (YESTERDAY, LAST _____ , _____ AGO, IN 2019, IN APRIL ETC)

Typical words and expressions of time used with the Simple Past (specific time): yesterday, last week/weekend/month/year , two weeks ago, when I was a child etc

Typical words and expressions of time used with the Present Perfect (unspecfied time): before, lately, recently, since, for, yet, already etc

A: Have you ever seen a famous person?

B: Yes, I have seen a famous person

or

No, I have never seen a famous person

Use the following actions:

- fly a kite - go to a live concert - play laser tag - travel by plane - try zip lining - keep a diary

2. Did you have breakfast this morning?

3. Have you had any tests this week?

4. Did you go to the mall last weekend?

6. Have you ever ridden a horse?

7. Did you travel on your last vacation?

8. How long have you been in your new school?

9. Have you ever traveled abroad?

10. When did you travel to the beach for the last time?

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

for your dad: He has already.....

He has never....

for your mom: She has already...

She has never...

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

1 - lifetime experiences

2 - regular activity

Example: travel to India (lifetime experience)

take a shower (regular activities)

a) brush your teeth b) see a famous person c) ride a horse

d) do your homework e) eat lobster f ) have lunch

g) see Avatar h) travel abroad i ) make your bed

A: Have you ever eaten caviar? A: Have you already done your homework?

B: Yes, I have already eaten caviar. B: Yes, I have already done my homework.

OR OR

No, I have never eaten caviar. No, I haven't done my homework yet.

Now take the actions for lifetime and regular experiences above and ask questions about them. After that, answer the questions you created.

- do the dishes - make your bed - feed he dog

It's now 2 pm and she asks you if you completed the chores:

Example: A: Have you done your homework?

B: Yes, I have already done my homework (completed)

OR

No, I haven't done my homework yet. (not completed)

Here is the list of what you have completed and what you haven't completed:

Completed: Not Completed:

- vacuum - do the dishes

- make your bed - take the trash out

- feed the dog - do the laundry

Follow the example above and write the question and the answer for each chore above:

have you ever been to a live concert

have you ever traveled by plane

have you ever played laser tag

have you ever tried zip lining

have you ever keept a diary

Name of the place:

Things you have done:

Things you haven't done:

have you ever seen a famouse person

have you ever eaten lobster

have you ever traveled abroad

REGULAR

have you already had lunch

have you already made your bed

have you already brushed your teeth?

I have had this Barbie SINCE 2024

OR

I have had this Barbie FOR 2 years

Action: live in this apartment

Sentence: I have lived in this apartment for / since _______

1. live in this apartment (since)

I have lived in this apartment since I was born.

2. study in my current school (for) - STUDIED

3. have this toy (tell the name of the toy) (since) - HAD

4. know this friend (say the name of the friend) (for) - KNOWN

5. watch a TV show (say the name of the TV show) (since)- WATCHED

6. play this game (say the name of the game) (for) - PLAYED

7. have my dog (since) - HAD

8. watch my favorite TV series (for) - WATCHED

NOTE: If you don't remember the times that thing happened (above), invent them.

-able -ful -ic -ive -у

1. care 6. sun 11. wind 16. success

2. predict 7. consider 12. create 17. fold

3. idiot 8. beauty 13. compete 18. pessimist

4. act 9. fun 14. cloud 19. mass

5. point 10. cube 15. offend 20. itch

1. careful 2. predictable 3. idiotic 4. active 5. ponty

6. sunny 7. considerable 8. beautiful 9. funny 10. cubic

11. windy 12. creative 13. competitive 14. cloudy

16. succesful. 17. foldable 18. pessimisitic 19. massive 20. itchy

A: How long have you had this toy?

B:

A: When did you get it?

B:

A: Where did you get it?

B:

A: Why did you get it?

B:

A: Was it a surprise, or did you ask for it?

B:

2-a pencil - last friday

3-a cell phone - june 2025

4-a backpack- july 2025

5-a bottle - january

6- a book - 2025

7- a toy -setember 2025

8-a pen - 2025

9-a computer - 2024

10-a notebook - november 2025

2-i have had this pencil for 4 days

3-i have had this cell phone since 2025

4-i have had this barbie for 8 months

5- i have had this bottle since january

6-i have had this book for 1 year

7-i have had this toy since 2025

8- i have had this pen for 1 year

9- i have had this computer since 2024

10- i have had this notebook for 4 months

A: Have you ever been to the beach?

B:

A: When was the last time you went to the beach?

B:

A: Which beach did you go to?

B:

A: What did you do there?

B:

A: Did you like it?

B:

I had this electronic truck when I was a kid. I loved it! I pressed a button and it moved to the right, I pressed another and it turned to the left, another and it went bakwards. It was awesome!

It was a long truck called "Jamanta" and it was fast and big. I loved it because I was very happy while playing with it.

Now choose an object that you like and write a detailed description of it, using as many adjectives as possible to do so.

Examples: He moved slowly to the door

Mary cried very louldy

Now read the story below about a robbery. Observe how the actions are described and identify the adverbs:

Last weekend, in my neighborhood, there was a terrible robbery. People say that the thief had been carefullly observing the houses for some time before and one day he silently invaded one of them. The people who were in the house suddenly heard a noise and quickly went downstairs when they saw the thief taking their things. The thief violently put them in the bathroom and locked them in. Then he took as many things as he could and only on the next day one of the neighbors helped them to come out of the bathroom. They are now strongly traumatized and sad about what happend.

Now create a story about something that happened to you (or to someone you know) and add ADVERBS to make the story more interesting.

3. I have had this barbie since 2023

4. I have known manuela for 1 year

5. I have watched disney chanel since 2015

6. I have played roblox for 5 years

7. I have had my dog since 2020

8. I have watched my favorite TV series for 2 years

i got it on my birthday

i got it in my house

i got it because it was my birthday

i asked for the toy

i went to the beach in january

i went to the beach in caraguatatuba

i went to the beach to get into the sea

yes , i liked to go to the beach

1. Mary walks to school every day.

2. Mary is walking to school today.

- Which sentence is in te Simple Present (or Present Simple) and which is in the Present Continuous?

1 - Simple Present and 2 - Present continuous

- When do we use one and when do we use the other?

1 - Simple Present

To talk about facts (ex: The sky is blue), frequencies (ex: I do my homework every day)

2 - Present Continuous

To talk about actions that are in progress at the time of speaking. (ex: The teacher is finishing the english class)

Words commonly used with the Simple Present:

every day, usually, nrmally, always. never etc

Words commonly used with the Present Continuous:

now, at them moment, this week

Examples:

Short adjectives - big, small, cold, old, tall etc

Long adjectives - beautiful, dangerous, difficult, intelligent, interesting etc

Comparatives with SHORT ADJECTIEVES:

Examples:

SMALL - SMALLER

OLD - OLDER

BIG - BIGGER

HOT - HOTTER

EASY - EASIER

STURDY - STURDIER

Exceptions:

GOOD - BETTER

BAD - WORSE

Examples: This car is smaller than that one.

The weather in Brazil is hotter than in England

Let's come up with the spelling rules:

Comparatives with LONG ADJECTIVES:

DANGEROUS - MORE DANGEROUS (THAN)

BEAUTIFUL - MORE BEAUTIFUL (THAN)

DIFFICULT - MORE DIFFICULT (THAN)

INTERESTING - MORE INTERESTING (THAN)

INTELLIGENT - MORE INTELLIGENT (THAN)

Examples: This exercise is more difficult than the other

Lions are more beautiful than tigers.

Let's come up with the rules:

Comparatives:

For short adjectives - we add ER, but there are some spelling rules.

1. We normally add ER to make comparatives.

ex: (cold - colder, old - older)

2. For adjectives that end in Y and before the Y there is a consonant, we remove the Y and add IER

(ex: easy - easier, sturdy - sturdier etc)

3. When the adjective ends in CVC (consonant - vowel - consonant) and the last syllable is the strongest, we doulbe thel last letter and add ER.

(ex: big - bigger, hot - hotter, sad - sadder etc)

For long adjectives

We add MORE to the adjective

(ex: intelligent - more intelligent, beautiful - more beautiful)

Possible adjectives:

- big - small - hot - interesting - difficult - tasty - sweet. - dangerous

- intelligent - beautiful

NOTE: you can use other adjectives, if you prefer.

• two sports - Volleyball is MORE DIFFICULT than soccer

• two cities

• two fast food restaurants

• two types of fruit

• two people that you know

• two singers

• two countries in the world

• two toys (two dolls, for example)

Examples:

Short adjectives - big, small, cold, old, tall etc

Long adjectives - beautiful, dangerous, difficult, intelligent, interesting etc

Superlatives with SHORT ADJECTIEVES:

Examples:

SMALL - THE SMALLLEST

OLD - THE OLDEST

BIG - THE BIGGEST

HOT - THE HOTTEST

EASY - THE EASIEST

STURDY - THE STURDIEST

Exceptions:

GOOD - THE BEST

BAD - THE WORST

Examples: This is the biggest house on the street.

The coldest place in the world is Antarctica

Let's review the spelling rules:

For short adjectives, we add EST. But, if the adjective ends in CVC (consonant, vowel, consonant), we doulbe the last consonant (ex: hot - the hottest) and if the adjective ends in "Y", we remove the "Y" and add IEST.

Superlatives with LONG ADJECTIVES:

DANGEROUS - THE MOST DANGEROUS

BEAUTIFUL - THE MOST BEAUTIFUL

DIFFICULT - THE MOST DIFFICULT

INTERESTING - THE MOST INTERESTING

INTELLIGENT - THE MOST INTELLIGENT

Examples: The shark is the most dangerous animal in the world

This is the most interesting book.

Let's come up with the rules:

For long adjectives, we, we simply add THE MOST

In your opinion, what's...

• the best sport?

  In my opinion, the best sport is gymnastics

• the most beautiful city in the world?

  
  

• the most delicious restaurant?

  
  

• the tastiest fruit?

  
  

• the most interesting country in the world?

In your opinion, who is...

• the best person you know?

  
  

• the best singer?

  
  

• the best actor / actress?

Do some research on Google and find: (ex: What's the biggest city in the world?)

- the biggest city in the world - the biggest city in the world is Guangzhou, China

- the smallest city in the world

- the hottest city in the world

- the coldest place in the world

- the biggest animal in the world

- the smallest animal in the world

- the highest building in the world

- the longest river in the world

- the deepest point in the world

- the highest point in the world

I have a big dollhouse now. It is amazing and colorful. Its main color is pink and it is very modern. I always clean it. I love it and I think it is beautiful.

On the second day, it was very fun and nice. I was a little shy, but i made new and good friends.

Now I am talkative. I talk to many people at school, like teachers and staff. I like my school because it is a good and happy place.

I go to school every day

she plays soccer

you whatch movies

i do my homework

i am studying english

she is whatching tv

he is playing video game

i am writing

we are traveling

Rio de janeiro is more dangerous than Mato grosso

Macdonald's is tastier than burger king

stranberries are sweeter than papayas

Manuela is more intelligent than Lara

Taylor swift is more beutiful than the weekend

Europe is smaller than Africa

Doll houses are bigger than toy cars

Present Past

I am I was

You are You were

He is He was

She is She was

It is It was

We are We were

You are You were

They are They were

What is the meaning of the verb To Be?

Verb There To BE:

Present Past

There is/are There was/were

What is the meaning of the verb There To Be? When do we use it? - haver, existir, ter (no sentido de haver)

Present Past

There is a car on the corner There was a car on thecorner

There are a lot of people here There were a ot of people here

We use it to say that something exists in a place.

Manuela is my best friend

2. Who was your best friend at your previous school?

3. What are your favorite toys today?

4. What were your favorite toys in the past?

5. Look around your bedroom. What is there in it? (Mention 1 thing).

6. What was there in your bedroom/apartment that there isn't anymore? (Mention 1 thing)

7. What objects are there in your bedroom? (Mention at least 3 things)

8. What objects were there in your bedroom/apartment that there aren't anymore? (Mentioin at least 3 things)

In my opinion , the most beutiful city in the world is amsterdam

In my opnion , the most delicious resstaurants are Pecorino ou America

In my opnion,the tastiest fruits are strawberry and mango

In my opnion, the most interesting country in the world is Italy

In my opinion the best singer is Olivia Rodrigo

In my opinion the best actress is Emma Stone

3-barbie are my favortie toy today

4- Dolls were my favorite toys in the last

5- in my badroom is there a wardrobe

6- im my bedroom was there a many toys

7- im my badroom are there 1 bed , 1 computer and 1 table

8- In my apartament were there tv , couch and carpet

• Rule: Used before singular countable nouns starting with a consonant sound.

• Example: I saw a dog in the park.

2. an

• Rule: Used before singular countable nouns starting with a vowel sound (a, e, i, o, u).

• Example: She bought an apple.

3. some

• Rule: Used with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns, normally in affirmative sentences.

• Example: I have some friends in London.

4. any

• Rule: Used with plural countable nouns and uncountable nouns in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences .

• Examples:

  - I need some money. Any money is OK. (= qualquer)

  - I don't have any money right now. (= nenhum)

  - Do you have any money? / (= algum)

5. no

• Rule: Used to express zero quantity (= nenhum)

• Example: There is no milk in the fridge.

6. much

• Rule: Used with uncountable nouns, mainly in questions and negative sentences.

• Example: There isn’t much water left.

7. Many

• Rule: Used with plural countable nouns, mainly in questions, affirmative and negative sentences.

• Example:

  - Are there many books on the shelf?

  - I don't have many books at home.

  - I have many (= a lot of) books at home

8. a few

• Rule: Used with plural countable nouns to mean “some, but not many.” It has a positive meaning.

• Example: I have a few good friends.

9. a lot of

• Rule: Used with both countable and uncountable nouns to mean “a large quantity.” Common in informal speech.

• Example: She has a lot of patience. / There are a lot of cars outside.

• 
  

✨ Notice the difference between a few (positive: some) and few (negative: not many). For example:

• I have a few books (I have some, enough).

• I have few books (I don’t have many, almost none).

1. I saw ___ cat sleeping under the tree.

2. She bought ___ orane and ___ apple at the market.

3. There are ___ chairs in the classroom, so everybody can sit.

4. Do you have ___ questions about the lesson?

5. There is ___ bread left on the table, so I need to buy more.

6. We don’t have ___ time to finish the project. The presentation is going to start right now.

7. Are there ___ students absent today?

8. I have ___ close friends who always help me.

9. He drinks ___ coffee every morning.

10. There are ___ books on the shelf.

11. We need ___ water to cook the pasta.

12. She has ___ patience when dealing with children.

• This box is too heavy for me to carry.

2. Too much

• He drank too much coffee last night.

3. Too many

• There are too many cars on the road today.

4. Not much

• There is not much sugar left in the jar.

5. Not many

• There are not many students in the library right now.

6. Enough

• We have enough chairs for everyone at the meeting.

7. Not enough

• There is not enough time to finish the exam.

• Affirmative form: Subject + used to + base verb 👉

  Example: I used to play football every weekend.

• Negative form: Subject + didn’t use to + base verb 👉

  Example: I didn’t use to play football every weekend.

• Interrogative form: Did + subject + use to + base verb? 👉

  Example: Did you use to play football every weekend?

  
  

Let's Practice:

Transform the following affirmative sentences into their negative and interrogative forms.

Example:

• Affirmative: She used to live in London.

• Negative: She didn’t use to live in London.

• Interrogative: Did she use to live in London?

1. He used to play the guitar.

2. They used to travel every summer.

3. I used to eat a lot of chocolate.

4. We used to go swimming on Saturdays.

5. She used to read fairy tales before bed.

6. My father used to work in a factory.

7. The children used to watch cartoons in the morning.

8. We used to visit our grandparents every weekend.

9. I used to ride my bike to school.

10. They used to celebrate Christmas together.

1. Subject Questions:

a. Who painted these pictures?

    Eduardo painted them.

b. What caused the accident?

     An animal on the road caused it.

The subjects of the sentences above are the answers to the question above, so these questions are called Subject Questions.

2. Object Questions:

a. Who(m) did he paint these pictures for?

    He painted them for Beth.

b. What did he give his girlfirend?

     He gave his grilfirend a ring.

The objects of the sentences are above the answers to the qeustions, so they are called Objedt Questions.

Do exercises 4, 5 and 6 on page 20