Means of transport and their history ET 213C by

Prepare a short overview of the history of your assigned means of transport and its role in public transport today. Consider the following aspects: 1. Who invented the transportation/ when and where was it used first? For what was it used? 2. Development of your means of transport over time, 3. Its role in public transport today in general 4. Notable moments - can be interesting and/ or entertaining :) You can use pictures, videos ect. to visually support your texts.

heikebirch1 — 2021-11-04 07:29:57 UTC

England 1830 first steam-driven stagecoach bus

2021-12-13 13:03:56 UTC

History

2021-12-13 13:05:30 UTC

- 5000 years ago
- rafts and boats
- first ships 3000 years ago in Egypt -> were used to transport stones for the pyramids and as warships

In 1895 the first bus with gasoline engine was built in Germany

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Role in public transport today

2021-12-13 13:09:31 UTC

most important mode of transport for bulk cargo
- One of the biggest container ship: approximately 19 000 containers (CSCL Indian Ocean)
Types
- Container ship
- Tanker
- Dock ship
Germany
- 25 % of foreign trade volume with ships
At the moment, the best known container ship is "ever given"
- March 2021: blocked the suez canal for six days
  - Hundreds of ships jammed
  - World economy: daily deficit of nine billions $

Development time

2021-12-13 13:09:41 UTC

History (worldwide)

2021-12-13 13:11:42 UTC

26th November 1832 - first tram on tracks in New York
1855 - first tram on tracks in europe, New York
1865 - first tram by horses in Berlin
1873 - first cable operated tram
1877 - first steam tram in Kassel
1881 - first electrical tram in Berlin by Werner von Siemens
1889 - development of the pantograph

Notable moments

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Tram by Horses

2021-12-13 13:12:33 UTC

The first engine plane was invented on 17th December 1903 by Wilbur and Orville Wright

2021-12-13 13:13:37 UTC

History

2021-12-13 13:14:21 UTC

- three-wheeled Benz patent motor car number 1
- constructed by the german inventor Carl Benz 1886
- is the forerunner of the modern automobile with internal combustion engine
- at that time, the "Triciclette" was powered by a forerunner of the gasoline engines still in use today

The noun omnibus originated from Paris for a long horse drawn vehicle by Omnès that had an ad "Omnès omnibus" which led him to call his horse drawn carriages omnibus that transported people along the main thoroughfares of Paris. Omnibus means "for all".

2021-12-13 13:14:29 UTC

1662: first document describes horse omnibusses in France

2021-12-13 13:14:37 UTC

First flight of a spaceshuttle to the space in 1981, mission called STS-1 (space transportation system)

2021-12-13 13:16:35 UTC

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The Airbus Beuga XL looks like a Beluga whale. It's a modern airplane for the transport for airplane parts like wings. His first flight was 19th July 2019.

In 1915 the first completely metal aircraft was tested

2021-12-13 13:21:53 UTC

First electrical Tram Berlin

2021-12-13 13:22:53 UTC

By 1915 omnibus services started in major cities.

2021-12-13 13:23:54 UTC

Trams in Berlin today

2021-12-13 13:24:03 UTC

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Airplans are used for transport of people and freight for long distance mostly over the sea and ocean, to bring space shuttles and rockets higher to start them and save fuel and material or for air fights and air attacks in the war.

First mission to the moon in 1961

2021-12-13 13:27:50 UTC

Invention

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Since the year 1530 people used waggons for mining. Till the 18th century englisch peolpe invented the system of flange guided wheels.

From 1905 to 1962 buses in Berlin pulled trailers to increase passenger capacity.

2021-12-13 13:28:05 UTC

With the Messerschmitt Me 163, a rocket glider based on a glider was developed to readiness for use in mid-1944. It impressed with its climbing performance, but only had a short maximum duration of use

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newest Tram in Berlin

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- a few time later, Gottlieb Daimler also designed a vehicle, for which he founded the Daimler/Motorengesellschaft
- the merger took place four decades later 1926
- the two German car manufacturers merged to form Daimler-Benz AG
- Daimler had already developed the first motocycle (1885) and the first motorboat (1886).

2021-12-13 13:30:30 UTC

The Stratolaunch is an unique from the USA. With a span of 117 meters it has the biggest span in the world and it also one of the biggest planes in the world. It carries space rockets or space shuttles to the edge of the Atmosphere to start them there. His first flight was on 13th April 2019.

2021-12-13 13:31:40 UTC

Today there are different types of buses. Most run on diesel, but there are now many electric buses too.

Todays role of space rockets becomes more and more an adventure journey for very rich people. If you can pay it, you can do a flight into the space and back with Elon Musks Space-X since 09/2021

2021-12-13 13:32:27 UTC

The first air-suspension vehicle was a bus from 1953

2021-12-13 13:32:32 UTC

2021-12-13 13:33:15 UTC

passenger ships have a hard competition with planes
- planes are faster and cheaper
popular are cruises on rivers and oceans
- Cruises are more luxurious
  - Shops
  - Pools
  - Casinos
  - Different types of restaurant (italian, chinese, mediterranean, ...)
- Trip is the main focus

all tram generations in berlin

2021-12-13 13:33:41 UTC

Flexity Berlin (since 2011)
Tatra KT4D (1976-2021)
GT6N / ZR (since 1994)

With the commissioning of the British De Havilland DH.106 Comet for the airline BOAC in 1952, the age of jet turbines appeared to be dawning for commercial aircraft as well

2021-12-13 13:34:15 UTC

The First Locomotive

2021-12-13 13:35:02 UTC

British inventor and engineer Richard Trevithick managed to construct a usable locomotive in 1804

Since 2001 Space-X developed its rockets and optimized the re-use of rocket parts, which normally used to fall to the ground/the sea.

2021-12-13 13:35:21 UTC

With the Tupolev Tu-104, the Soviet Union established successful liner services from 1956

2021-12-13 13:36:03 UTC

First development of spacerockets and pre- spaceshuttles were done by the NASA

2021-12-13 13:36:25 UTC

The role of Trains today

2021-12-13 13:36:40 UTC

Trains have a very important role today : they transport people and goods daily all over the world. Many people travel with them every day to work, to vistit their family or to go on vaccation. Trains are more environmentally friendly than cars, because of they do not produce so much CO² than them. So probably trains can be our future of the transportation.

Steamtram

2021-12-13 13:40:24 UTC

Amazon - founder Jeff Bezos founded Blue Origin in 09/2021, an US-Spacetravelling Company, which focussed on suborbital flights at first.

2021-12-13 13:40:38 UTC

With the maiden flight of the Tupolev Tu-144 on December 31, 1968 and the Concorde on March 2, 1969, the episode of supersonic passenger air traffic began.

2021-12-13 13:42:35 UTC

Development of your means of transport over Time

2021-12-13 13:44:22 UTC

- benefits of self-driving vehicles were judged sceptically by the public
- motorised road trucks had many advantages over draught animals
-> because of this they became more and more important
For example:
- higher speeds for longer periods of time
- larger and persistent gradients are more easily overcome

2021-12-13 13:45:21 UTC

The strategy transporter Antonov An-225 is one of the biggest airplanes in the world. It only exsitst only 2 of them. it is 84 meters long and have a span of 88 meters. His max. take-off weight is ca. 640 tons. His first flight was on 21th December 1988.

In 2015 the speed record for buses was set to 76.8 mph.

2021-12-13 13:48:28 UTC

From the 1900s, there were also more double-decker buses.

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2021-12-16 08:33:28 UTC

Ferries

Most important vehicel for rivers, seas and lakes where are no bridges or the detour is to long or difficult
- Examples
  - Rostock-Trelleborg: 6h with ship, 8h with car
  - Fähre F11 in Berlin: crossed the Spree southern Plänterwald and connect all year round Treptow with Oberschöneweide

Notable moments

2021-12-16 09:13:14 UTC

The Santa Maria
Christopher Columbus discovered America with this tiny Spanish ship in 1492.

1817: The first bike

2021-12-16 09:15:51 UTC

German baron Karl von Drais presents his ''Laufmaschine''

Motorcycle

2021-12-16 09:21:26 UTC

The first internal combustion, petroleum fueled motorcycle was the Daimler Reitwagen.
Built by two German inventors in 1885: Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach

The Molli

2021-12-16 09:21:48 UTC

The Bäderbahn Molli is a steam-powered narrow-gauge railway in Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania.

Cars and their role today

2021-12-16 09:22:27 UTC

- all over the world, the car plays an important role in society
- cars are used for (example):
* as a means of transport for goods and people
* in racing
* for hobbies

The pedaled bicycle

2021-12-16 09:23:08 UTC

In 1863 Pierre Micheaux created the pedaled bicycle in Paris as the next big invention for the bike we know today

U.S.S. Missouri

2021-12-16 09:23:15 UTC

Documents that announced the end of World War II were signed on this Battleship in Tokyo Bay on September 2, 1945.
After that, this historic ship was used in the Korean War and against Iraqi targets in Kuwait in the First Persian Gulf War.
Today it serves as a museum and war memorial at Pearl Harbour.

2021-12-16 09:23:17 UTC

Used where there are too many passengers for buses but too few for a subway

Eschede railway accidentJune 3, 1998

2021-12-16 09:25:54 UTC

Notable cars

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1870s: The high-wheel bicycle

2021-12-16 09:28:24 UTC

In the 1870s the high-wheel bicycle became popular. Invented by Eugene Meyer it had had a larger front wheel for higher speeds

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World Wars

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Motorcycles were mass produced as communication devices with the front lines

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Transrapid accident in Emsland

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22.September 2006

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Train accident in Peine

2021-12-16 09:33:59 UTC

The safety bicycle and the chain drive

2021-12-16 09:39:02 UTC

By the year of 1885 John Kemp Starley produced the first ''safety bicycle'', which he never patented. For that he used the chain drive created by his brother James Starley. The first bike as we know it today was invented.

Electric exhibition track from Siemens (1879)

2021-12-16 09:40:25 UTC

Siemens three-phase high-speed railcar (1903)

2021-12-16 09:42:07 UTC

Express locomotive E 19 of the Deutsche Reichsbahn

2021-12-16 09:43:05 UTC

Bikes during World War II

2021-12-16 09:52:35 UTC

Throughout the 20th century the bicycle was mostly optimized for different uses. The german ''Wehrmacht'' used special bicycle troops during World War 2, for example during the invasion of Poland.

Postwar

2021-12-16 09:54:24 UTC

Motorcycles became a popular method of transportation

Trolleybus

2021-12-16 09:55:32 UTC

-special typ of bus, that runs under electricity
-needs a catenary over the street
-first networks opened in the 20th century
-many networks closed in the last 50 years, especially in the western countrys. But they are getting more and more popular at the time.

German Battleship Bismarck

2021-12-16 09:55:48 UTC

Bismarck and her sister Ship Tirpitz were the largest battleship ever built by Germany, and two of the largest built by any European power.

Bikes in modern society

2021-12-16 10:01:17 UTC

In the 1980s the different specialization of bikes became popular in the UK. Inventions like the mountainbike or the BMX came through and went all over the world.

Bikes today

2021-12-16 10:07:33 UTC

In the 21st century E-Bikes became popular. For the first time in history bikes were able to move without human muscle-power used.

tramsystem berlin

2022-01-09 13:14:17 UTC

5 tramdepots
route length of 197.8 km
electricity system: 600 V
stops: 808
lines: 22
passengers: 204,0 Mio. (2018)

future tram

2022-01-12 18:44:02 UTC

RMS Titanic

2022-01-12 21:49:25 UTC

Sank in the North Atlantic Ocean on April 15, 1912. With more than 1500 people died, it remains the deadliest peacetime sinking of a superliner or cruise ship.

MV Doña Paz

2022-01-12 22:07:06 UTC

Deadliest peacetime maritime disaster in history
Collided with an oil tanker transporting over a million liters of gasoline on December 20, 1987
The ferry was totally overcrowded (4.317 passengers instead of 1.518 maximum
Estimated deaths: 4.386, only 25 Survivors

Motorcycles today

2022-01-13 06:58:11 UTC

In the 21st century, the motorcycle industry is mainly dominated by asian motorcycle companies.

2022-01-13 07:41:57 UTC

- until 13th century longships were used in Northern Europe

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- Cog with stern rudder developed in 13th century

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- galleons as largest war and trading ships

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- line tactics were developed militarily
- war ships were divided according to their positions in the line

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- East Indiaman and flyboats for trade

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- development of steam engine and ship's propeller

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- steel was used to build the hull - ships could be built bigger and bigger

One example of the results of years of further development

2022-01-13 08:55:12 UTC