So regarding that example given about the rooster, what would have been the most appropriate course of action?

Takeaway - A reminder that assessment must be fair and inclusive

Assessment has to hit lesson goals, have action and timely feedback.

It is important that the questions set has to be fair so that all students have equal chance of answering it to their best ability. The context has to be familiar to all.

Question:

How can we improve ourselves to set fair and valid questions?

For the cases of special needs, how do we ensure it is fair in order for them to have equal chances.

Provide appropriate assessment to assess the intent.

Equitable: Every student gets shoes that fit their feet.

Does it mean an "invalid test" will be valid as long as it is used for the right purpose?

The part about wrong test or no test used leading to decisions which are not "well-informed" and causing our learners to be less well-educated reminds me about how crucial it is to ensure that our assessments are valid, fair and reliable, so that we do not miss out on any opportunity to support our students in their learning.

One question I have is how to help students who can hardly read understand word problems in Math. ( unfair?)

We need to consider addressing pupils needs in order to be equitable.