NON-PARALLELED STRUCTURES (Ms. Ly) by Cát Ly Trương Nguyễn

INTRODUCTIONS

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

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What is parallelism?
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What is a non-paralleled structure?
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WHAT IS PARALLELISM?

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

 PARALLELISM is a method of ensuring that words, phrases, and clauses in a series are in the same grammatical form.

WHAT IS A NON-PARALLELED STRUCTURE?

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

A NON-PARALLELED STRUCTURE is a sentence whose structure does not have the same grammatical form.

KINDS OF PARALLELISM

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

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Coordinate
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Compared & Contrasted
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Correlative
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HOW TO AVOID NON-PARALLELED STRUCTURES?

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

1.USE PARALLEL IDEAS IN A SERIES

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

All items in a series should be parallel.
-> graceful and easy-to-follow series.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: Peter says his new Math teacher is cheerful, generosity, and sociable.
Correct: Peter says his new Math teacher is cheerful, generous, and sociable.

2.USE PARALLEL STRUCTURES FOR INDEPENDENT CLAUSES JOINED BY A COORDINATING CONJUNCTION

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

We use the same grammatical structure on both sides of any of the coordinating conjunctions(FANBOYS)

3.Avoid faulty parallelism with and who, and Which

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Do not use an and who or an and which clause in a sentence unless you have already used a parallel who or which clause.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

He is a determined, forceful, and ~~honestly~~ leader.

Nick likes ~~to walk~~, jogging and swimming.

4.Use parallel constructions with ideas linked with correlative conjunctions

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

We use the same structure after both parts of a correlative conjunction: either-or, neither-nor, not only – but also, both – and, whether – or.

5. Use parallel structures in comparisons linked with THAN or AS

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

In comparisons linked with than or as, the elements being compared should be expressed in parallel grammatical structure.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: We considered moving to a small town in Lam Dong or a suburb of Ho Chi Minh city.

Correct: We considered moving to a small town in Lam Dong or to a suburb of Ho Chi Minh city.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: Mary falls in love with John, an ambitious artist and who is also a courteous man.
Correct: We met John, who is an ambitious artist and who is also a courteous man.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: I would like both to have a pencil and a ruler.
Correct: I would like both to have a pencil and to have a ruler.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: Jackson enjoys at home than going to parties.
Correct: Jackson enjoys staying at home than going to parties.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: Playing roller coaster might be almost dangerous as to try bungee jumping.
Correct: Playing roller coaster might be almost dangerous as trying bungee jumping.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: My dog not only likes to play fetch, but also chase cars.
Correct: My dog not only likes to play fetch, but he also likes to chase cars.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: Amber will not sing a song, nor dancing.
Correct: Amber will not sing a song, nor will I dance.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: My sister enjoys listening to music, reading novels and play tennis.
Correct: She enjoys listening to music, reading novels and playing tennis.

Example:

catlytruong — 2023-11-09 12:39:56 UTC

Faulty: Harry loves horror movies with ghastly action and which keeps him guessing the next evidence.
Correct: Harry loves horror movies which has ghastly actions and which keeps him guessing the next evidence.