To analyze the sound system of English loanwords in Burmese.
To compare the sound system of English loanwords in Burmese.

Literature Review:

In Silverman’s (1992) model of loanword adaptation, the input is the “acoustic signal,” which is processed on two levels. The first level is the Perceptual Level. This is the stage at which the as-yet non-linguistic input is parsed into segments, which are mapped onto phonemes of the native language.
Kenstowicz (2001) draws a distinction between a grammar of perception and a grammar of production. In this view, certain phonological distinctions (e.g., ( l ) vs. ( r ) can be heard by speakers without these distinctions in L1, but they cannot be articulated, recalling the dichotomy of linguistic competence and performance. 

Research Problem: Investigating the differences and similarities between the sentence structure of English and Burmese languages.

Research Objectives

 

1. To study the structure of sentences in English and Burmese languages.

2. To compare the structure of Sentences in English and Burmese languages.

3. To analyze the differences and similarities of the structure of sentences in English and Burmese languages.


Literature Review: In linguistics, syntax is the study of how words and morphemes combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns of syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), (Luuk, Erkki (2015), “Syntax–Semantics Interface”) agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). There are numerous approaches to syntax that differ in their central assumptions and goals.

Research Design: Documentary Research

Research Problem
Investigating consonants, vowels, intonation, and stress of Burmese Language in Myaung Mya District, Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar.

Research Questions:
1. What are the sounds of Burmese language in Myaung Mya District, Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar?

 
2. How is the sound system of Burmese language in Myaung Mya District, Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar.

 
3. What are phonological rules of the sounds and sound system of Burmese language in Myaung Mya District, Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar?

1. To study the sounds of Burmese language in Myaung Mya District, Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar

 
2. To study the sound system of Burmese language in Myaung Mya District, Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar.

 
3. To propose phonological rules of the sounds and sound system of Burmese language in Myaung Mya District, Ayeyawady Region of Myanmar.

 

Phonology is typically distinguished from phonetics, which concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission, and perception of the sounds or signs of language. (Lass, roger (1998), phonology: an introduction to basic concepts, Cambridge university)

Research Design
mixed methods research

 

 

 1. To Study word formation of Pa-O dialect Language in Shan State of Myanmar.

2. To study word class of Pa-O dialect language in Shan State of Myanmar.

3. To analyze word formation and word class of Pa-O dialect language in Shan State of Myanmar.

 

Literature Review: Morphology is the study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language. (Anderson, Stephen R. (N.D.), “Morphology”) It analyzes the structure of words and parts of words such as stems, root words, prefixes, and suffixes. And morphology also looks at parts of speech, intonation and stress, and the ways context can change a word's pronunciation and meaning.

 

Research Design: qualitative research

Hirakawa Akira stated that the Khuddaka Nikaya represents a stage in the  development of the Pali Canon Agamas. New material was not added anymore to the rest of the Sutta Pitaka, but was added to a 'Khuddaka Pitaka' instead. Khuddaka Pitaka was the repository for materials left out of the four Agamas/Nikayas (the Digha Nikaya, Majjhima Nikaya, Samyutta Nikaya, and Anguttara Nikaya) and thus included both early and late texts. Some of the other schools that had a Khuddaka Pitaka in their canons were the Mahisasaka, Dharmaguptaka, and Mahasanghika. 

The Khuddaka Nikaya of the Theravada school is the only complete extant example of such a Khuddaka Pitaka. Some texts from the Dharmaguptaka Kṣudraka Āgama are preserved in Chinese and Tibetan translations, and fragments of Gandhari versions have also been discovered. The Khuddaka Nikaya is divided into two strata, one being early and the other late. The texts Sutta Nipata, Itivuttaka, Dhammapada, Therigatha, Udana,and Jataka belong to the early stratum. The texts Khuddakapatha, Vimanavatthu, Petavatthu, Niddesa, Patisambhida, Apadana, Buddhavamsa, and Cariyapitaka can be categorized in the later stratum. The Dhammapada (Pāli; Sanskrit: Dharmapada; Burmese: is a collection of sayings of the Buddha in verse form and one of the most read and widely followed Buddhist scriptures. 

Research Title: A CRITICAL STUDY OF PĀPAVAGGA TO LOKAVAGGA IN THE PĀLI DHAMMAPADA: WITH SPECIAL REFERENCES TO KACCĀYANABYĀKARANA


Research Question:
1. What are the Pāli grammar of the Pāpavagga, Dhammavagga, Rajavagga, Attavagga and lokavagga in Pāli Dhammapada based on Kaccāyanabyakarana?

2.  What are the analyze   Pāli grammar of the Pāpavagga, Dhammavagga, Rajavagga, Attavagga and lokavagga in Pāli Dhammapada based on Kaccāyanabyakarana.

3. What are the critical study of  Pāli grammar of the Pāpavagga, Dhammavagga, Rajavagga, Attavagga and lokavagga in Pāli Dhammapada based on Kaccāyanabyakarana.

Research Objectives:
1. To study the Pāli grammar of the Pāpavagga, Dhammavagga, Rajavagga, Attavagga and lokavagga in Pāli Dhammapada based on Kaccāyanabyakarana.

2. To analyze the Pāli grammar of the Pāpavagga, Dhammavagga, Rājavagga, Attavagga and lokavagga in Pāli Dhammapada based on Kaccāyanabyakarana.

3. To do a critical study of the Pāpavagga, Dhammavagga, Rajavagga, Attavagga and lokavagga in Pāli Dhammapada based on Kccayanabyakarana.

Research Design: Quantitative research  

3. To to analyze sound system of Chin Dialect Language in Chin State of Myanmar.

Literature Review: Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages or dialects systematically organize their sounds or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs. Phonology is typically distinguished from phonetics, which concerns the physical production, acoustic transmission, and perception of the sounds or signs of language. (Lass, roger (1998), phonology: an introduction to basic concepts, Cambridge university)

Research Design: Qualitative research

2. What are phonological systems of the vowels, consonants and tonal levels of Nakhon Phanom dialects?

3. How are phonological systems of the vowels, consonants and tonal levels between Korat and Nakhon Phanom dialects similar and different?  

Research Objectives:
1. To study of phonological systems of the vowels, consonants and tonal levels of Korat Dialect.

2. To study of phonological systems of the vowels, consonants and tonal levels of Nakhon Phanom Dialect.

3. To compare phonological systems of the vowels, consonants and tonal levels between Korat and Nakhon Phanom Dialect.

Research Title: A Phonological Comparison between Korat and Nakhon Phanom Dialects

2. To analyze the use of pali and english words in Arakanese dialect

3. To propose the use of pali and English word formation in Arakanese dialect

Research Design: Qualitative Research (Documentary Study, Interview)





Literature Review:
In linguistics, morphology is the study of words and word formation. There have lexical (or derivational) morphology and inflectional morphology.

Derivational morphology is changing the part of speech of a word that are added to produce new words, which are derived from the parent word (root): adjectives from nouns, nouns from verbs, adjectives from verbs, and so on.

Inflectional morphology is matter for the grammar and derivational morphology is a matter for the lexicon. Inflection is defined a change in the form of a word and grammatical functions. Inflectional morphology is concerned with syntactically driven word formation. Inflectional morphology deals with determined affixation processes. The following are major types of inflectional categories in certain languages. (1) singular and plural are terms in the category of number, (2) present, past and future are for tense, (3) indicative, subjunctive, and imperative are for mood, (4) nominative, accusative, dative, genitive, are for case, (5) active, passive, reflexive, causative, reciprocal, transitive, intransitive and benefactive are for voice, and so on. 

How they are put together from smaller parts, and their relationship to other words in the same language. It means the structure of words, which involved word formation and creation of new words

Arakanese does no inflectional morphology at all. Not only Nouns, verbs, and adjectives but also any other part of speech does not inflect. In the Arakanese language, basic has more from of the word and syllable new word with the compounding word to word without changing the original form. Form other word, Arakanese word can used by several derivational processes such as morpheme, word-formation, and word-classes.