Remake of Reading and Writing Task #2(Ethos) by

Historical Evidence

fdenver05_ — 2023-11-13 22:24:02 UTC

September 2019, just months before the COVID-19 pandemic began, the U.S. Agency for International Development announced it would end funding for PREDICT (para 6)

fdenver05_ — 2023-11-13 22:24:37 UTC

SARS, Ebola and now SARS-CoV-2: all three of these highly infectious viruses have caused global panic since 2002 (para 1)
A 2019 study found that a 10 percent increase in deforestation would raise malaria cases by 3.3 percent; that would be 7.4 million people worldwide (Para 3)

fdenver05_ — 2023-11-13 22:24:44 UTC

Three quarters of the emerging pathogens that infect humans leaped from animals (para 2)
An average of 28 million hectares of forest have been cut down annually since 2016 (Para 3)
30 to 40 percent of all food produced is wasted. (Para 5)
10-year effort to hunt for threatening microbes that found more than 1,100 unique viruses. (Para 6)
2009 swine flu outbreak that killed more than 10,000 people in the U.S. and multitudes worldwide. (Para 7)
Ending deforestation and thwarting pandemics would address six of the United Nations’ 17 Sustainable Development Goals (para 8)

fdenver05_ — 2023-11-13 22:24:50 UTC

The more we clear, the more we come into contact with wildlife that carries microbes well suited to kill us (para 2)
the more we concentrate those animals in smaller areas where they can swap infectious microbes, raising the chances of novel strains. (para 2)
and the species that survive are more likely to host illnesses that can be transferred to humans (para 2)
All these factors will lead to more spillover of animal pathogens into people. (para 2)
Stopping deforestation will not only reduce our exposure to new disasters but also tamp down the spread of a long list of other vicious diseases that have come from rain forest habitats (Para 3)
Developing crops that better resist drought will help, especially as climate change brings longer, deeper droughts. In dry regions of Africa and elsewhere, agroforestry techniques such as planting trees among farm fields can increase crop yields. (para 5)
Reducing food waste could also vastly lessen the pressure to grow more (Para 5)
In the meantime, governments should prohibit the sale of live wild animals in so-called wet markets (para 7)
The markets may be culturally important, but the risk is too great. Governments must also crack down on illegal wildlife trade, which can spread infectious agents far and wide. (Para 7)
The COVID-19 pandemic is a catastrophe, but it can rivet our attention on the enormous payoffs that humanity can achieve by not overexploiting the natural world. Pandemic solutions are sustainability solutions. (Para 9)

fdenver05_ — 2023-11-13 22:44:16 UTC

all three of them jumped to humans from wild animals that live in dense tropical forests. (Para 1)
many of them creatures in the forest habitats that we are slashing and burning to create land for crops, including biofuel plants, and for mining and housing. (Para 2)
Yet despite years of global outcry, deforestation still runs rampant. (Para 3)

fdenver05_ — 2023-11-13 22:47:39 UTC

Clearing land also reduces biodiversity (Para 2)
Eating less meat, which physicians say will improve our health anyway, will lessen demand for crops and pastures. (Para 4)
Eating fewer processed foods will reduce the demand for palm oil—also a major feedstock for biofuels—much of which is grown on land clear-cut from tropical rain forests. (para 4)
The need for land also will ease if nations slow population growth—something that can happen in developing nations only if women are given better education, equal social status with men and easy access to affordable contraceptives. (Para 4)
Producing more food per hectare can boost supply without the need to clear more land.(Para 5)
As we implement these solutions, we can also find new outbreaks earlier. Epidemiologists want to tiptoe into wild habitats and test mammals known to carry coronaviruses (Para 5)
wet markets, where pathogens have repeatedly crossed over into humans. (Para 7)