Every time when Americans invaded Canada, Canadians endured their actions, such as occasional occupations. But the result was always the same —— American withdrawn. And the Royal Navy and British Army helped Canadians to defend Canada.

“June 2012 will mark 200 years since the declaration of the War of 1812 — a war that saw Aboriginal peoples, local and volunteer militias, and English- and French-speaking regiments fight together to save Canada from American invasion.” ——Canadian Prime Minister Stephen Harper, from the Prime Minister's Message: “The War of 1812 - The Fight for Canada,” 18 June 2011

‘War Fear’. The wars destroyed lives, burned houses, plunder cattle and all other species of moveable property. ——Editorial, Kingston Gazette, 25 September 1810, Kingston, Upper Canada

‘A Mohawk Community’. This watercolor was painted by a British military officer, showed a Mohawk settlement on the Grand River. First Peoples, Anglophones, and Francophones lived together, which worked together to defend Canada. ——

‘Coat Brock’s Coat’. Major-General Sir Isaac Brock wore this coat at the battle of Queenston Heights. The hole below his left lapel was made by the musket ball that killed him.

Major-General Sir Isaac Brock, he served as the civil administrator and military commander of Upper Canada. He defended the colony during the first months of the war successfully. 

Laura Second, she overheard American officers planning a surprise attack on a British outpost and determined to warn the British.

Charles de Salaberry, he is a Canadian Francophone who made his career in the British Army.

Mookomaanish, he fought as an ally of the British during the War of 1812. In 1815, he received a presentation sword from the British in recognition of his humanity towards a wounded American prisoner.

‘Geography and War’

‘War Fear’

‘A Mohawk Community’

‘The Battle of Queenston Heights’. American army began the second invasion of Upper Canada.

Canada ’s successful defense had developed the British North American colony into an independent transcontinental country.

"1812: One War, Four Perspectives." Canada War Museum, www.warmuseum.ca/war-of-1812/explore-history/. Accessed 6 May 2020.