Plagiarism is also "a form of academic dishonesty and cheating in which someone takes another person's ideas, words, design, art, music, or other works and passes them off as their own without acknowledging the source or, if necessary, seeking permission from the author."

In other words, plagiarism is an act of fraud. It involves both stealing someone else's work and lying about it afterward.

Source: https://www.plagiarism.org/article/what-is-plagiarism#:~:text=A%20photograph%20or%20scan%20of,so%20in%20an%20original%20way

Whitley, Jr., B. E., & Keith-Spiegel, P. (2001). Academic Dishonesty. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781410604279

• Verbatim (word for word) quotation without clear acknowledgement.

PARAPHRASING PLAGIARISM

• Paraphrasing the work of others by altering a few words and changing their order, or by closely following the structure of their argument.

PATCHWORK PLAGIARISM

• Copying multiple sources.

SELF-PLAGIARISM

• Also called as Auto-Plagiarism

• Reusing your own work.

GLOBAL PLAGIARISM

• Plagiarizing a complete text.

COLLUSION

• Working with someone else to commit plagiarism.

INACCURATE CITATION

• It is important to cite correctly, according to the conventions of your discipline. As well as listing your sources (i.e. in a bibliography), you must indicate, using a footnote or an in-text reference, where a quoted passage comes from.

FAILURE TO ACKNOWLEDGE ASSISTANCE

• You must clearly acknowledge all assistance which has contributed to the production of your work, such as advice from fellow students, laboratory technicians, and other external sources.

USE OF MATERIAL WRITTEN BY PROFESSIONALS

• Hring someone or an agency to write your work for you.

– Plagiarism is a grave offense towards academic work because it reduces the very essence of education, which is to improve the students critical thinking and have an independent thought. Students are ought to learn and speak their mind with their opinion and express ideas, that is the primary goal of studying in a university. You should not rely on others' work for your own benefit. In an academic field, the institution relies on original works to gauge student’s understanding of a subject. To support this importance of originality, the University of Oxford emphasizes, and I quote, “You are not necessarily expected to become an original thinker, but you are expected to be an independent one.” This highlights that it is acceptable to borrow existing ideas, but the idea of your work should reflect on your unique perspective. Because the goal of a scholarly study is to have originality and contribute new insights, rather than simply repeating what has already been said. Without an originality, it would be difficult to assess whether the student has grasped the underlying concepts. This could ultimately devalue the purpose of education. But of course, in a study or situation that you need to use someone's idea, to support your stand or make an argument to the study — you can as long as you cite their works. Because when ideas are borrowed without acknowledgement, not only it would totally disrespects the original author’s intellectual property but also diminishes the overall reliability of the work. By practicing proper citation, students not only acknowledge the contributions of others but also learn the critical skills of integrating various viewpoints.

- According to Reyes et al. (2024),  In English Language Teaching (ELT), addressing plagiarism is crucial because it not only ensures academic integrity but also helps students understand the value of original work while utilizing sources responsibly. English teaching today involves integrating diverse resources, from literature to research articles, which makes it essential for students to learn how to properly reference and acknowledge these sources. As students engage with texts, the ability to paraphrase, cite correctly, and avoid plagiarism builds their writing skills and fosters intellectual honesty. In today's globalized, information-driven world, understanding how to balance using external sources with original thought is more important than ever for both academic success and personal development in English language learners.

Reyes, A. L., Rafanan, L. E., & Bueno, D. C. (2024). Empowering English language teaching students: Strategies to foster plagiarism awareness and promote academic integrity. Institutional Multidisciplinary Research and Development Journal, 7(8). https://www.researchgate.net/publication/380071544_Empowering_English_Language_Teaching_Students_Strategies_to_Foster_Plagiarism_Awareness_and_Promote_Academic_Integrity

Similar to what Scoffield did, we can also integrate courses about plagiarism into our curriculum.

Other ways we can consider are the following:

o   Teaching citation, paraphrasing, and integrity in the curriculum.

o   Using plagiarism detection tools (e.g. Turnitin, Grammarly, etc.).

o   Allow students to review and revise their work before submission.

o   Providing personalized feedback and resubmission opportunities.

o   Training educators to spot inconsistencies in student writing.

o   Enhancing AI-powered plagiarism detection.

o   Implementing alternative assessments like oral exams and real-world applications.

o   Enforcing stricter policies against plagiarism.

o   Promoting academic integrity through honor codes and awareness campaigns.

Scoffield, S. (2022, March 16). An innovative way to deal with plagiarism. Edutopia. https://www.edutopia.org/article/innovative-way-deal-plagiarism/