GEN03 - Puzzles! by BMB team

GEN03 - Puzzles! by BMB team https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2 Post your puzzles here and come back when you need to revise! Remember to add your team number. en-us 2018-12-07 08:42:08 UTC 2025-09-30 05:06:57 UTC hello@padlet.com Team 21 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851394594 ACROSS
3. Smallest motif and array size, but most frequent
6. Works via RNA intermediate
7. Part of gene that codes for protein
8. Has Open Reading Frame 1 and 2
10. shortens as you age
13. Cancer causing
14. Part of spliceosome
15. desert Region devoid of genes

DOWN
1. Pass from parents to offspring
2. X-shaped structure that holds all your genes
4. RNA longer than 200 nucleotides
5. Non-functional gene
9. Result of transcription
11. Silences mRNA transcript
12. Regulates transcription]]> 2021-10-28 13:55:34 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851394594 Team 11 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851396017 ACROSS
4. site which transcription factors bind to
5. has 4 variations
6. enzyme involved in 'DNA moving'
8. inactivation of one of the 2 sex chromosomes, lncRNA
9. bacterial DNA not part of the main chromosome
12. binds chromosomes
13. used in translation, 'picky delivery guy'
14. unit of rate of sedimentation
15. non-coding RNA

DOWN
1. the stuff that causes THAT disease, >35 repeats of CAG
2. before a start codon
3. ****** repeats
7. short transposons
10. found more commonly in higher eukaryotes than bacteria
11. 2006 fancy stuff, Illumina]]> 2021-10-28 13:55:59 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851396017 Group 28 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851403739 ACROSS
2. the processed transcript element of protein-coding DNA to be translated into a protein
3. satellite the type of tandem repeat found at most places in the genome (up to 100,000 different sites)
4. RNA longer than 200 nucleotides that does not code for a protein
6. the structure found at the ends of the chromosomes consists of repeated DNA sequences
9. a DNA sequence that is able to move from one location to another in the genome
12. a segment of a DNA or RNA molecule containing information coding for a protein or peptide sequence
15. regulatory DNA sequences that when bound by specific proteins called transcription factors, enhance the transcription of an associated gene

DOWN
1. a type of non-coding RNA that is part of the spliceosome and dispersed throughout the genome
5. a thread-like structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of cells
7. a characteristic meaning "transmissible from parent to offspring"
8. a characteristic of a gene which gives it the potential to cause cancer
10. a mutated gene that is no longer functional
11. mRNA codes for reverse transcriptase that can copy the RNA back into DNA which can the inter grate into a new site in the genome
13. small non-coding RNA that controls gene expression by RNA interference
14. Desert a region of the genome lacking protein-coding genes]]> 2021-10-28 13:58:15 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851403739 Team 09 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851407730 ACROSS
2. Cancer causing (potentially)
4. Their mRNA codes for reverse transcriptase
7. Shortest unit of tandem repeats
10. Coding region of DNA
11. A DNA sequence that increases the level of transcription
13. Mutated gene that does not function
14. Essential component of spliceosome
15. Is read by the ribosome

DOWN
1. An example of this is Xist
3. In a diploid cell you have 23 pairs
5. Physically blocks translation
6. Can be passed down
8. Migrating section of DNA
9. Desert Long regions without genes
12. At the end of the chromosome]]> 2021-10-28 13:59:18 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851407730 Team 16 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851410002 ACROSS
4. Each gene makes distinct RNA with different functions
5. Mutation tending towards cancer
7. Long non-coding RNA :)
8. Smallest tandem repeats
10. Structure formed following DNA transcription
11. Protein coding part of DNA
13. Non-protein coding DNA sequences able to change location within genome
14. End region of chromosomes
15. mRNA codes for reverse transcriptase & able to copy RNA back into DNA

DOWN
1. Small non-coding RNA
2. Features able to be passed onto next generations
3. Mutated genes that cannot function
6. Structure containing genetic material
9. Region that amplifies gene signal downstream
12. desert Regions devoid of genes]]> 2021-10-28 13:59:59 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851410002 GROUP 19 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851417186 2021-10-28 14:02:10 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851417186 Team 6 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851418767 ACROSS
1. Acts like miRNA but for bacteria or virus
4. Measure of sedimentation rate.
5. The DNA sequence between the premotor region and the start codon.
7. A protein encoded by a gene characterised by many CAG tandem repeats
9. makes ribosomes
10. A non-autonomous RNA transposon that does not code for any proteins.
13. The non-coding initiating sequence of a gene.

DOWN
1. Tandem repeats of DNA classified in 3 categories.
2. lncRNA involved in X chromosome inactivation.
3. Recent technology that enables the fast sequencing of a genome.
6. Contains anticodon that binds to codons on mRNA.
8. Enzyme that cleaves the transposon from the genome and relocates it.
11. The sections of a gene that are removed by splicing (~10 per gene).
12. Protein that holds sister chromatids together before anaphase.
13. The vector used in DNA cloning.]]> 2021-10-28 14:02:39 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851418767 Team 22 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851420797 ACROSS
5. an enzyme which binds to the end of a transposon, catalyses its movement to another part of the genome
6. A unit that is used to measure the sedimentation rate of a particle when centrifuged
7. A type of protein involved in chemical signalling etc, but when mutated it can lead to Huntington’s disease
9. Non coding gene related region near the gene that defines where transcription begins by binding of transcription factors and transcription protein machinery.
11. A technique to millions of sequence short DNA fragments in a short period of time
12. Involved in gene expression regulation by RNA interference.
14. transfers a particular amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain during translation

DOWN
1. a protein that controls sister chromatid cohesion and homologous recombination
2. a non-coding RNA that is involved in the X-inactivation process
3. a small, circular, double-stranded DNA molecule
4. A type of tandem repeat that has a varying number of sequence motifs between different individuals.
8. Non coding regions that separates exons in a gene.
10. A type of RNA that essential for protein translation
12. A type of RNA transposon, a sub type of non LTR retrotransposons. They are relatively short and are non autonomous.
13. untranslated region that flanks each side of coding mRNA]]> 2021-10-28 14:03:16 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851420797 Team 20 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851420915 ACROSS
2. A type of RNA transposon which can code for reverse transcriptase
3. A distal regulatory region that promotes the expression of a gene
4. We have 23 pairs
10. Jumping genes
12. Mum and dad has it so it is...
15. Xist is an example of these

DOWN
1. Useful for forensics
5. The script
6. Region over 1Mb that doesn't code for proteins
7. Found in spliceosome
8. It doesnt work anymore
9. Causes cancer
11. Macro and mini satellites are found here
13. Controls gene expression by interference
14. The parts of the gene that code for proteins]]> 2021-10-28 14:03:18 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851420915 Group 15 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851423576 2021-10-28 14:03:59 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851423576 Group 14 puzzle https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851425419 ACROSS
2. RNA that is structural component of ribosomes
3. RNA polymerase binding site of the gene
6. Protein linking sister chromatids until anaphase
8. 2nd generation of nucleotide sequencing
10. Deliver amino acids to peptide chains in protein forming organelle
12. Classification system for tandem repeats
14. RNA transposon that can't encode for its reverse transcriptase

DOWN
1. Non-coding part of the gene
4. Enzyme used in DNA transposition
5. Protein coded by HTT gene
7. Short and breaks mRNA sequences
9. Region of DNA that isn't translated but regulates genes' transcription rate
11. Bacterial DNA for DNA cloning
12. Unit for ribosome based on their sedimentation during centrifugation
13. lncRNA that inactivates 1 of 2 X chromosomes

]]> 2021-10-28 14:04:18 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851425419 Team 7 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851426499 2021-10-28 14:04:34 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851426499 Group 24 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851427313 ACROSS

3. The ends of the chromosome

4. Section of the gene that codes for a protein

7. DNA region devoid of genes

9. DNA -transcription-> ?

12. Useful for forensic, linkage and population studies.

15. The most famous one is Xist

DOWN

1. RNA transposon that accounts for 17% of the genome

2. Non-functional gene due to a mutation

5. The most condensed DNA structure

6. Cancer causing gene

8. DNA sequence that promotes gene transcription

10. DNA sequence also known as jumping gene

11. The apple doesn't fall far from the tree

13. Processing of mRNA, tRNA or rRNA into their mature forms

14. They inhibit mRNA translation by RNA interference

]]> 2021-10-28 14:04:49 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851427313 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851428906 2021-10-28 14:05:17 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851428906 Team 23 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851431232 ACROSS
3. main component of ribosomes
4. Enzyme that transfers sequences of DNA
6. units used to measure ribosome size
7. The protein associated with Huntington's disease
9. Region where RNA polymerase binds to initiate transcription
10. Most modern gene sequencing technology
11. An RNA transposon that is non autonomous
13. type of non-long coding RNA
14. Holds sister chromatids together

DOWN
1. A type of micro RNA
2. Regions before and after the start and stop codon on Non-LTR LINEs
5. Another word for tandem repeats
8. Carries amino acids to the ribosome
9. Vector used in molecular cloning
12. Non-coding regions of DNA]]> 2021-10-28 14:05:55 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851431232 Team 18 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851431711 2021-10-28 14:06:03 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851431711 Team 10 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851433051

Intron = Nucleotide sequence that is not translated into protein but removed by splicing.

Promoter = DNA sequence that defines where the transcription of a gene by RNA polymerase starts

SINE = short non-autonomous, non-protein coding transposable elements

Plasmid = it is circular genetic material that is usually used by bacteria

Satellites = Classification of tandem repeats

Svedberg = Unit used to measure sedimentation rate for centrifugation

siRNA = Double stranded non-coding RNA that plays a role in gene silencing

tRNA = a type of non-coding RNA that helps translation of mRNA

UTR = non-coding part of a DNA, always at the ends

rRNA = Has 4 types that is essential for translation.

Xist = A non-coding RNA that can inactivate one of the X chromosomes

Transposase = An enzyme that can help DAN transposons to excise from one site and insert elsewhere in the genome.

NGS = A new, rapid method of DNA sequencing developed 15 years ago

Huntingtin = Correctly coded when there are 6-35 repeats of CAG

Cohesin = A protein complex which degrades at anaphase

]]> 2021-10-28 14:06:27 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851433051 Group 8 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851434644 2021-10-28 14:06:57 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851434644 Team 5 - Crossword https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851435117 2021-10-28 14:07:06 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851435117 Team 17 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851435595 2021-10-28 14:07:16 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851435595 Group 4 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851437538 ACROSS
2. Found at the end of chromosomes
8. Short tandem repeats that are often located close to or within genes
9. Cancer-causing
11. Xist is an example of _____
13. Coding regions of protein-coding genes
15. Small non-coding RNA involved in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression

DOWN
1. Condensed packaging of genetic material found in the nucleus
3. Transcribed from genes
4. Passed on from parents
5. Region of DNA that increases the likelihood of transcription of a gene happening
6. Mutated genes that are no longer functional
7. Dispersed repeat sequences that can change their location within the genome
10. Involved in processing of mRNA, tRNA or rRNA into their mature forms
12. Desert Region of genome lacking protein-coding genes
14. Their mRNA codes for a reverse transcriptase]]> 2021-10-28 14:07:53 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851437538 Team 2 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851441544 ACROSS
4. non-coding region of RNA transcript
5. best characterised amongst ncRNA
8. catalyzes movement via cut/copy and paste mechanism
10. what does the tri-nucleotide repeat (CAG)n array found in the gene HTT code for?
13. affiliated with lncRNA
14. used as a vector for DNA cloning
15. units for sedimentation rate

DOWN
1. non-autonomous transposons
2. double-stranded RNA (typically 20-24 bp)
3. region where process of transcription process is initiated
6. it has 49 different types
7. it aids chromatin folding/unfolding
9. general tandem repeats
11. found on either side of a coding sequence of an mRNA strand
12. created in 2006]]> 2021-10-28 14:09:10 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851441544 Team 27 smsc2021 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851441714 ACROSS
3. spliced out by splicesome
5. massive parallel sequencing technique without the need for individual fragment isolation
7. regulates and cleaves inverted repeat sequences
10. flanked on either side of LINEs
11. vector for molecular cloning
13. protein complex that mediates homologous recombination and DNA looping
14. deliver amino acids to ribosomes

DOWN
1. protein that codes for 6-35 CAG tandem repeats in healthy individuals
2. many are derived from 41S precursor transcribed by RNA Polymerase I
4. three different types of tandem repeats with three different abundances
6. a type of silencing RNA, typically 20-24 bp
8. site where proteins bind to initiate transcription
9. unit for measuring sedimentation rate during centrifugation
12. non-autonomous transposons 100-400 bp]]> 2021-10-28 14:09:13 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851441714 Team 26 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851444149 ACROSS
4. Alu is an example of this.
5. Coded for by HTT gene.
7. Objects purposely sent into orbit...
9. Non-SI unit used exclusively for Ribosomes and their components.
10. A DNA sequence which facilitates RNA Polymerase to bind and transcribe the DNA.
11. A ring of non-chromosomal DNA, crucial for DNA cloning.
13. Short non-coding double stranded DNA molecule involved in gene silencing.
14. Type of non-coding RNA that aides translation machinery.

DOWN
1. Non-Histone protein involved in the linkage of sister chromatids.
2. Detects codon and carries specific Amino Acid.
3. Inactivates X-chromosome.
6. Required by DNA transposons but not RNA transposons.
8. Two of these on every gene, at each end of the gene sequence.
12. The segment of gene that is lacked by non-processed pseudogenes, but is contained in processed pseudogene.]]> 2021-10-28 14:09:56 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851444149 TEAM 3 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851445047 2021-10-28 14:10:12 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851445047 Team 25 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851450416 ACROSS
1. In what structure is DNA stored in the nucleus?
5. Which RNA transposon copies its RNA back into DNA, leading to a non-functional protein being inserted back into the genome? (Hint: they lack long terminal repeats)
6. What is the product of transcription?
7. What RNA is responsible for the maturation of other RNAs?
9. What are the most abundant dispersed repeat sequences?
13. Cancer causing genes.
14. What are mutated non-functional genes known as?
15. Desert What are the regions of over a Mb that are devoid of genes?

DOWN
2. When a feature is passed on to offspring (adjective form).
3. What is the term for the tandem repeat sequence that cause Huntingtons disease?
4. What makes up 1.5% of the entire genome?
8. What increases the likelihood of a particular gene to be transcribed?
10. Which RNA acts as a scaffold to bring proteins together?
11. What are the structures found at the ends of chromosomes?
12. Which RNA can directly interfere with translation?]]> 2021-10-28 14:11:42 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851450416 Group 12 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851468820 ACROSS
2. Heritable carrier of genetic information, did you know i have 2 arms ?
5. Gene that causes a disease starting with C which isn’t COVID
6. DNA or RNA sequences capable of changing location within the genome
7. Royal Mail for the ribosome
8. transmissible from parent to offspring via germline
9. The largest type of transposon, which is also most abundant
11. Region of the genome 1Mb long without any protein-coding genes, 25% of the genome consists of these
14. Regulates mRNA expression by RNA interference or chromosome inactivation (i.e. Xist gene)
15. Heterochromatic region of DNA that apparently contributes to ageing

DOWN
1. Mutated genes that are no longer functional
3. Motifs of 1-10 nt of repetitive DNA (involved in Huntington's disease)
4. Involved in DNA splicing/intron removal to form mature RNA
10. Controls gene expression by RNA interference/transcribed by RNA polymerases II or III
12. Coding region which is only 1.5% of the genome
13. A region of the DNA that increases the level of transcription

Use the clues to fill in the words above.

Words can go across or down.
Letters are shared when the words intersect.

]]> 2021-10-28 14:17:07 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851468820 Team 1 https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851499893 2021-10-28 14:26:15 UTC https://padlet.com/MedicalBiosciences/GEN3tAPP2/wish/1851499893