Q4 Review by https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review Readings: 1) Ch.1 Quantitative Research Methdos 2) Ch.2 Evaluating Experiments 3) Ch. 1 Fundamentals of Research Studies (both from Cognitive studies section) 1) Loftus & Palmer (1974) 2) Yuille & Cutshall (1986) en-us 2020-10-13 14:56:17 UTC 2025-10-25 12:09:02 UTC hello@padlet.com Lolagrace Torres lolagracetorres https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261018 experiment 
-  goal is to determine if theres a relationship between the cause and effect variables 

control
- the researcher manipulates the independent variable so any possible variables will stay the same.  The procedure must be exactly the same in both groups.]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:31 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261018 Alexa https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261083 standardized- procedures that can easily be replicated
hypothesis-a prediction of how the independent variable will affect the dependent variable]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:32 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261083 Emma https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261358 Psychologists do not "prove" anything; they either support or refute a hypothesis.

Quantitative research methods emphasize objective measurements and the statistical analysis of data.]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261358 Samantha T https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261363 Quantitative Research Methods
1) the variable that is manipulated is known as the independent variable
2) the variable that is measured after the manipulation to determine the change or no change is the dependent variable
Evaluating Experiments
1) internal validity of a study is compromised when researchers fail to control for confounding variables
2) the "social desirability effect" is when participants act a certain way that they deem socially acceptable
Fundamentals of Research
1) research is described in terms of the aim, procedure, and results
2) the goal of the sample is to obtain a sample that is representative of the target population
Loftus & Palmer
1) the study looks at the reconstructive memory or how we build our memories
2) the Independent variable is the strength of the verb used to indicate how the cars collided
Yuille & Cutshall
1) a real experiement based on true events
2) subjects were contacted 4 months after the event happened]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261363 Lauren lauren_miller11 https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261387 1) High ecological validity
2) Can't be replicated ]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261387 Stephanie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261758 The goal of an experiment is to determine whether a cause and effect relationship exists between two variables. Both the IV and DV must be operationalized.]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:40 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261758 Lilly https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261850 a true experiment manipulates the independent variable
if an experiment is standardized, everyone who reproduces it should get the same results]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:42 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261850 Truman https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261938 the variable that causes change is the independent variable and the dependent variable is based off that

all experiments should be highly standardized meaning they can be replicated ]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825261938 adam https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262106 stereotypes are formed for out-groups, schemas are a mental structure of preconceived ideas']]> 2020-10-13 15:17:44 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262106 Gabbi gabrielle_weprin https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262367 1. memories are cognitive processes. 
2. They can be reliable or unreliable ]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262367 Jamie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262379 1. goal of experiments is to determine whether a cause-and-effect relationship exists between 2 variables
2. a good experiment randomly allocated participants to conditions so that there's an equal chance of being assigned to experimental or control condition]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262379 Nicole A. https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262411 1. the most widely used method to study behavior is the experiment
2. experiments determine a cause and effect relationship]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262411 Sophia F https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262540 1.  independent and dependent variables must be operationalized
2. studies outside a lab is field study ]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:50 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825262540 Farah https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825263242 -independent variable- is the variable that the researcher deliberately manipulates
-A key characteristic of an experiment is the use of controls.  ]]> 2020-10-13 15:17:59 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825263242 Tairan L https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825263550 1.  Extraneous variables: other variables that may influence the results of the study.
2. standardized: can be replicated.]]> 2020-10-13 15:18:03 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825263550 Lauren lauren_miller11 https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825263810 1) About memory after the event
2) Certain words can alter recalled 
memory]]> 2020-10-13 15:18:07 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825263810 Isabella https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825264614 1)standardized - replication
2)schemas are mental structures]]> 2020-10-13 15:18:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825264614 alexa https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825264705 internal validity- whether or not the study actually tests what it claims to test
expectancy effect- when a participant acts a certain way because they want to please the researcher]]> 2020-10-13 15:18:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825264705 Tiago https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825264854 "Reconstructive memory"

memory can be reconstructed around a false given fact

wording in sentence made people think glass was real.]]> 2020-10-13 15:18:19 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825264854 Farah https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825265125 - A variable that influences the results of an experiment is called an extraneous variable.
- Expectancy effect is when a participant acts a certain way because he wants to do what the researcher asks.]]> 2020-10-13 15:18:23 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825265125 Nicole A. https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268334 1. extraneous variables are variables that influence the result of an experiment (other than the IV)
2. participant bias are also known as demand characteristic, and its when the participants for an interpretation of the aim and change behavior because of it]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:05 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268334 Gabbi gabrielle_weprin https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268405 1. 3 step approach - identify, link, explain 
2. it is important to evaluate studies ]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268405 Truman https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268455 a major concern researchers have is participant bias where participants change their behavior to fit the experiment

fatigue effects is another concern where behavior changes due to the length of the study and the participants becoming tired]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268455 Isabella https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268983 1) demand characteristics- participants form interpretation of study and changes behavior subconsciously or consciously 
2)fatigue effects - when asked to take part in conditions of same expirement, participants get tires or bored]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:13 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825268983 Stephanie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825269349 Researcher bias is a bias that is common where the researcher influences the outcome of the researcher. Another bias would be confirmation bias which confirms a preexisting hypothesis. ]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:18 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825269349 Lilly https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825269792 extraneous variable- a variable that influences the results of an experiment
researcher bias- when the beliefs or opinions of the researcher influence the experiment's outcome]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:24 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825269792 Lauren lauren_miller11 https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825270060 1) You have to operationalize variables
2) Compounding variables can mess up an experiment ]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:28 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825270060 alexa https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825270610 aim-purpose of the study
results- numerical or descriptive data that is obtained and processed]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:35 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825270610 Tairan L https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825271245 1. Construct validity: if the study can be generalized to a group.
2. Ecological validity: if the study can be generalized beyond the laboratory situation.]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825271245 Sophia F https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825271346 1. extraneous variables influences the result of an experiment 
2. Participants may act differently because they are being observed ]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:45 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825271346 Jamie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825271698 1. experiments done by manipulating IV and measuring effect on DV while attempting to control other variables that could influence the outcome
2. extraneous (confounding) variables: variables that influence the results of an experiment and need to be controlled]]> 2020-10-13 15:19:50 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825271698 adam https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825272491 extraneous variable is a variable that influences the experiment, must operationalize variables]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:00 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825272491 Truman https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825272907 when a study is not representative of the target population that means it lacks population validity 

haphazard sampling is a biased form of sampling and should be avoided because it is not random or specifically chosen ]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825272907 emma https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825273108
  • Data triangulation:
    •  data is gather from several different sources- will increase reliability of data 
  • Method Triangulation: 
    • more than one research method is used to test same effect-- will make data or research result more credible 
  • Researcher Triangulation: 
    • several researchers carry out the same study to interpret data separately 

 
]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:08 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825273108 alexa https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825273423 -it is possible to implant a false memory
aim: to see the role of leading questions in influencing the memories of eyewitnesses]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:12 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825273423 Lauren lauren_miller11 https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825273578 1)A study need an aim, procedure, results, and evaluation
2) researchers need to choose their sample carefully to avoid bias and haphazard sampling ]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:14 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825273578 Lolagrace Torres lolagracetorres https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825274208 Screw you effect
- a participant attempts to figure out the researcher's hypotheses, and messes with the experiment to destroy the study 

social desirability effect
- protecting your self-esteem during an experiment. Participants react a certain way to feel socially acceptable ]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:23 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825274208 Farah https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825275226  - The aim is the purpose of a study.
- procedure is the step-by-step process used by the researcher to carry out the study.]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825275226 Gabbi gabrielle_weprin https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825275749 1. Researchers need to have a plan, people who are willing to participate in the study, and a method for collecting and analyzing data.

2. sample, is very important in determining the usefulness of a piece of research.

]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825275749 Lauren lauren_miller11 https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825276165 1) The independent variable affects the dependent variable 
2) correlation  does not always equal causation ]]> 2020-10-13 15:20:49 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825276165 adam https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825277039 aim to see the purpose of a study, not good target population = low validity]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:00 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825277039 Nicole A. https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825277586 1. A study is valid when the results represent what you are measuring for
2. A study is most reliable when it is easy to replicate]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:05 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825277586 Lilly https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825278096 research is described in term of its aim, procedure, results, and findings
researchers try to find a sample that represents a population (called a representative sample) ]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:12 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825278096 Farah https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825278336 - Loftus and palmer is about memory after event (Watch car crash happen then get question about crash)
- Reconstructive memory- bartlett discusses schema influences our cognitive processes, we are actually reconstructing our memories ]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:15 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825278336 Tairan L https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825278632 1. Snowball sampling would work when sample is hard to find.
2. Stratified sample makes diversity taken into account.]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:19 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825278632 Jamie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825279188 1. representative sample: sample that can be representative of a population
2. self-selective sample- sample consisting of volunteers; difficult to make generalizations]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:26 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825279188 Stephanie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825279448 A study consists of an aim, population, procedure, results, and findings. WEIRD stands for Western Educated Industrialized Rich Democratic.]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:30 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825279448 alexa https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825280255 aim: to study whether leading questions would affect memory of eyewitnesses at a real crime scene
-researchers contacted eyewitnesses 4 months after the event]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:41 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825280255 Truman https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825280276 this is about memory after an event

it proves that memory can be changed using leading questions]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:41 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825280276 emma https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825281415  Researchers need to have a plan, people who are willing to participate in the study, and a method for collecting and analyzing data.

People who take part in a psychological study are called participants. Normally, psychologists define a target population - that is, a specific group of people whom they are interested in for their study

]]> 2020-10-13 15:21:56 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825281415 adam https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825282504 its possible to plant a false memory, peoples memory can be manipulated post-event]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:11 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825282504 Farah https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825282661 - he aim of the study was to determine whether leading questions would affect memory of eyewitnesses at a real crime scene.
- It was found that eyewitnesses were actually very reliable.]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:13 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825282661 Gabbi gabrielle_weprin https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283334 1. Loftus and palmer is about memory after event 
2. not representative of the whole population]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:22 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283334 Nicole https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283523 -participants were students 
-confounding variables controlled so it can be replicated 
]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:25 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283523 isabella https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283554 1) aim indicates which behaviour or cognitive process will be studied within a specific population
2)results - descriptive data that is obtained and processed]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:25 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283554 Truman https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283709 had high ecological validity 

cannot be replicated because it is based on a particular event that cannot be replicated ]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:27 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825283709 Stephanie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284086 Studying reconstructive memory. People tend to change details when they try to remember it. ]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:33 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284086 Nicole https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284409 -naturalistic, cant be replicated because variables weren't controlled 
-the quantification of the responses may be open to researcher bias 
]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:37 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284409 Nicole A. https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284438 1. Participants were students so may not be representative of the whole population
2. They changed the connotation of one word to create the leading questions]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284438 emma https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284963
  • Loftus and palmer is about memory after event 
  • High standardization, low ecological validity

    • ]]>     2020-10-13 15:22:45 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825284963     adam https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825285675 demonstrated the reliability of memory, not standardized]]> 2020-10-13 15:22:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825285675 Nicole https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825285841 -expectancy effect, screw you effect, and social desirability effect are examples of demand characteristics
    -null hypothesis must be proven wrong to prove hypothesis 
    ]]>     2020-10-13 15:22:57 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825285841     Lilly https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825285862 looks at manipulation of memory AFTER the event
    people will claim they saw something they didn't based on how questions are asked (important effect for eyewitness testimonies!)]]>     2020-10-13 15:22:58 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825285862     Tairan L https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825286099 1. There are two parts to the experiment.
    2. The intensity of the verbs have effect of participants.]]>     2020-10-13 15:23:01 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825286099     Stephanie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825287981 It isn't a natural experiment. An emotional response played a key role in influence of question.]]> 2020-10-13 15:23:25 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825287981 Jamie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825288092 1. standardization and manipulation of IV, but low ecological validity
    2. "smashed" led to more responses to seeing broken glass even though there actually was one]]>     2020-10-13 15:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825288092     emma https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825288125
  • Emotional response played key role in implement of leading questions

  • It cannot be replicated or generalized bec variables were not controlled for


    • ]]>     2020-10-13 15:23:27 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825288125     Tiago https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825289524 high ecological value
    not standardizable]]>     2020-10-13 15:23:44 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825289524     Gabbi gabrielle_weprin https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825289895 1. Responses were accurate 
    2. Emotional response played key role in implement of leading questions


    ]]>     2020-10-13 15:23:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825289895     Tairan L https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825290460 1. It is more similar to the second part of the Loftus& Palmer experiment.
    2. No control variables, cannot be replicated.]]>     2020-10-13 15:23:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825290460     Nicole A. https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825291078 1. A real life crime scene was used
    2. results showed that the leading questions had little affect]]>     2020-10-13 15:24:03 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825291078     Lilly https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825291163 this study can't be replicated or generalized because it was a one-off event
    had more emotion than the one done in a lab ]]>     2020-10-13 15:24:04 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825291163     Tiago https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825292871 Low ecological validity
    easily standadizable]]>     2020-10-13 15:24:27 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825292871     Nicole https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825294924 -haphazard: neither random nor systematic 
    -results are numerical and descriptive data 
    ]]>     2020-10-13 15:24:53 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825294924     Tiago https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825296559 2020-10-13 15:25:14 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825296559 Jamie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825297402 1. the eye witnesses were very reliable and they knew this because it matched the original polica date of the event
    2. naturalistic, even though it was done in a lab, because they witnessed a real event first-hand]]>     2020-10-13 15:25:24 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825297402     isabella https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825300298 1)]]> 2020-10-13 15:26:01 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825300298 Tiago https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825313735 Independant Variable, what the reasearches are changing on purpose
    Dependant Variable changes as a result]]>     2020-10-13 15:28:57 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825313735     Stephanie stephanielucchesi https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825767665 The more representative the more population validity 
    A study is reliable when it can be replicated and gives consistent results ]]>     2020-10-13 17:05:28 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825767665     (Caitlyn G) caitlyngruber https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825767933 screw you effect: participant wants to ruin researchers hypothesis to ruin the study's credibility

    participant variability: limitation of study if sample characteristics affect the dependent variable.]]>     2020-10-13 17:05:32 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825767933     Ari https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825768565 Quantitative research generates numerical data. 

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:05:41 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825768565     Eduarda eduardafavero https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825768740 When an experiment has placebo it means that both conditions have the same experiment
    A Quasi experiment is when the researcher cannot assign people to conditions (they already come with their allocation based on a specific characteristic/trait) 

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:05:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825768740     Bella isabella_delosrios https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825768824 Operationalized construct
    • How are you making what’s being studied measurable (percentage, number of times…).
    The null hypothesis 
    • Claims the IV won’t affect the DV; researchers try to disprove it.
    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:05:44 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825768824     Ryan R ryan_rocca https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825769283 Quantitative Research methods
    1 Psychologist don't prove anything, they support or refute a hypothesis
    2. BEFORE an experiment is informed a hypothesis must be made. However, an aim must be decided/created before the creation of a hypothesis.]]>     2020-10-13 17:05:51 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825769283     Abbie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825769396 IV = variable that gets manipulated 
    DV = variable that is measured after manipulation of the IV ]]>     2020-10-13 17:05:52 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825769396     Kayla D kayladeherrera https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825770461 1) An experimental hypothesis is when you predict the relationship between an operationalized IV and DV
    2) When causation is not established, there can be bidirectional ambiguity 

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:06:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825770461     Jordan E https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825770997 1. Psychologist don't "prove" anything; they either support or refute hypothesis
    2. Variables must be fully operationalized in order for a study to have validity]]>     2020-10-13 17:06:13 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825770997     Stephanie stephanielucchesi https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825772508 A cause and effect relationship is formed by manipulating the IV

    Demand Characteristics are also known as participant biases]]>     2020-10-13 17:06:32 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825772508     James C https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825772614 1. Dependent variable - the variable that produces results based on the Independent variable.
    2. Independent variable - the variable that is manipulated to operationalize an experiment. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:06:34 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825772614     Maya https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825773105 1. Participant Variability 
        -  is a limitation of a study when characteristics of the sample affect the dependent variable.
    2. Research bias 
    - is when the experimenter sees that her or she is looking for. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:06:40 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825773105     Ryan Rocca ryan_rocca https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825775205 Evaluating Expirements
    1. A variable that influences the results of an experiment is called an extraneous variable
    2. Expectancy effect is when a participant acts a certain way because he wants to do what the researcher asks.]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825775205     Ari https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825775452 A variable that influences the results of an experiment is called an extraneous variable.

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:09 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825775452     Stormy https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825775730 1. Standardized: easily replicated.
    2. IV and DV must be operationalized. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:13 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825775730     Stephanie stephanielucchesi https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825776257 Counterbalancing proves its not the order than affects the results 

     Psychologist don't prove anything, they create and try to prove or refute a hypothesis


    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:20 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825776257     Lauren https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825776444 1. Weakness- Low ecological validity 
    2. Strength- IV is efficiently measured]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:22 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825776444     Kayla D. kayladeherrera https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825778396 1) When you extraneous variables are not controlled, it affects the internal validity of an experiment
    2) Demand characteristics can affect the reliability of a study/experiment]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:45 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825778396     Madelyn https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825778681 Order effects: Changes in participants responses that result from the order in which experimental conditions are presented to them
    P-hacking: when a researcher tries to find patterns in their collected data that can be presented as statistically significant without first posting a specific hypothesis]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:49 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825778681     Maddie O https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825778697 Both the independent and dependent variables must be operationalized (written in a way that shows exactly what is being measured)

    There are two types of hypothesis: experimental and null ]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:49 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825778697     Abbie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825779080 expectancy effect - participants act in a certain way because its what the researcher wants them to do 
    screw you effect - participant tries to figure out the hypothesis to destroy the study's credibility ]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825779080     Lara Cumen https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825779418 Fact 1:
    Psychologists don't prove anything, they disprove the null hypothesis.

    Fact 2:
    Natural experiments are a subset of quasi-experiments that have environmental IVs out of the researchers' control.]]>     2020-10-13 17:07:59 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825779418     Ari https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825779526 Low ecological validity is easier to standardize ]]> 2020-10-13 17:08:01 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825779526 Sydney Rieland https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825780706 The goal of an experiment is to determine whether a cause and effect relationship exists between the two variables 

    Psychologist do not "prove" anything, they either support or refute a hypothesis

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825780706     Stormy https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825780739 Extraneous variable is an outside variable that affects the experiment. 
    Ecological validity is whether or not the study is valid outside of the experiment. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:18 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825780739     (Caitlyn G) caitlyngruber https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825780884 reactivity: participants act differently because they are being observed

    practice effect: when participant improves after doing a task repeatedly]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:19 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825780884     Bella isabella_delosrios https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825781387 Demand characteristics
    • When participants from an idea of the aim of the study and sub/consciously change behavior to fit it.
    Order effects
    • Changes in participants' responses that result from the order (e.g., first, second, third) in which the experimental conditions are presented to them. This is a limitation of a repeated measures design.
    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:25 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825781387     Ryan Rocca ryan_rocca https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825781788 Fundamentals of research
    1.  what psychologists call the sample, is very important in determining the usefulness of a piece of research.
    2. researchers must be aware of sampling bias throughout their experiments so their results are accurate]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:30 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825781788     Eduarda eduardafavero https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825782345 Internal Validity is when we cannot be sure that the study actually tested what it claims to test (The results may not actually demonstrate a link between the DV and IV)
    While the External Validity is the extent to which the results of a study can be generalized to other situations and to other groups

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:35 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825782345     Lauren https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825782724 1. Weakness- Ethical considerations of stress and harm in remembering something traumatic
    2. Strength- Naturalistic]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:40 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825782724     Jordan E https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825783440 1. Psychologist often use experiments as a way to establish cause and effect relationship
    2. Extraneous Variable: a variable that influences results of experiment]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:48 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825783440     Stephanie stephanielucchesi https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825783942 The verb study was done in a lab so It is high standardized and can be easily replicated 

    The broken glass study was a follow up study to the verb study ]]>     2020-10-13 17:08:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825783942     Kayla D. kayladeherrera https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825784652 1) A study is valid when your results accurately represent your hypothesis
    2) The value of a study is based on the type of sample used]]>     2020-10-13 17:09:03 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825784652     James C https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825784680 1. Demand characteristics are Expectancy effect, screw you effect and social desirability effect
    2. Ecological validity - is the measure of how relatable an experiment is to a real life situation. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:09:03 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825784680     Ari https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825784891 Study 1: 
    1. Cause and effect experiment 
    2. There is a control group 
    3. This is a true experiment
    4. Researchers manipulate independent variable 
    Study 2: 
    1. There was no broken glass in any of the videos 
    2. Estimation 
    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:09:06 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825784891     Madelyn https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825788289 Experimental hypothesis: operationalized IV + operationalized DV
    Random allocation: everyone has equal possibility of being in the control or experimental group

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:09:49 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825788289     Stormy https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825788705 A procedure is is the step-by-step process used by the researcher to carry out the study.
    Normally, psychologists define a target population which is a specific group of people whom they are interested in for their study. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:09:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825788705     Lauren https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825788720 1. Hypothesis is a prediction of how the IV affects the DV
    2. Null Hypothesis states that the IV will have no effect on the DV or that any change in the DV will be due to chance]]>     2020-10-13 17:09:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825788720     Abbie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825790366 self-selected sample = made up of volunteers
    snowball sampling = participants recruit others from their friends ]]>     2020-10-13 17:10:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825790366     Bella isabella_delosrios https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825791475 Results
    • The numerical or descriptive data that is obtained and processed.
    Findings
    • State how the researcher interpreted the data that was collected (open to discussion and debate).
    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:10:33 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825791475     Madeline Cramer https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792119 Psychologists do not "prove" anything, they either support or refute a hypothesis]]> 2020-10-13 17:10:42 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792119 Stephanie stephanielucchesi https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792163 someone is more likely to remember details more vividly when experienced personally and impacted emotionally 

    This experiment cannot be replicated since it used a real life accident that has already happened and is over


    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:10:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792163     (Caitlyn G) caitlyngruber https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792194 procedure: step by step process used to carry out study

    target population: group researchers are interested in studying]]>     2020-10-13 17:10:43 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792194     Jordan E https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792868 1. Research described as aim, procedure, and results / findings
    2. Ethical guidelines must be followed]]>     2020-10-13 17:10:52 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825792868     Kayla D. kayladeherrera https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825793164 1) It is a true experiment (IV is manipulated to establish causation) 
    2) Has low ecological validity, but is highly standardized]]>     2020-10-13 17:10:57 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825793164     Maya https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794404 1. Screw you effect 
       - is when a participant attempts to figure out the researcher's hypotheses, but if that happends the research is not viable 
    2. conformation bias 
       - is when a researcher searches for or interprets information in a way that confirms a preexisting belief or hypothesis.]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:12 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794404     Abbie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794554 - schema theory has an effect on memory and it gets reconstructed because of it 
    - more intense verbs cause people to think in a more intense way]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:14 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794554     Stormy https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794557 Low ecological validity
    Highly standardized

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:14 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794557     Madelyn https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794613 1. Findings say something state how researchers interpreted data and only apply to the population that was studied; may not apply to other cultures
    2. Procedures make it possible for others to understand how the data was collected


    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:15 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825794613     Madeline Cramer https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825795463 Psychologists use experiments because they are a way to establish a cause and effect relationship]]> 2020-10-13 17:11:26 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825795463 Lara Cumen https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825795638 Fact 1:
    The sample should be able to be generalized to the majority of the population to have high population validity.

    Fact 2:
    Stratified sampling tries to reflect what the population is made up of in smaller numbers to have more population validity.]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:28 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825795638     Bella isabella_delosrios https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825796140 Study 1
    • Argued that humans try to find meaning in what they experience and if something seems unfamiliar they will try to fit the experience into existing schemas.
    p ≤ 0.05:
    • Result of a statistical test, shows if it was statistically significant or not. Has to be less than or equal to 0.05.

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:35 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825796140     Lauren https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825796184 1. Psychologists use experiments to establish cause and effect relationships and to do so they manipulate the IV to properly measure it's effect on the DV
    2. Lack of variable control can be a weakness in a study]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825796184     Ari https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825796761
  • strengths: High ecological validity- actual event gathering realistic data
    • + Valid and qualitative data- more in depth and specific
    + Can be used to criticise the research of Loftus and Palmer
    1. Weaknesses:  Low reliability, one-off unique case study which cannot be replicated

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:11:44 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825796761     Abbie https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798066 - real life events cause people to remember things more accurately 
    - study wanted to find out the same thing as Loftus and Palmer but the results contradicted one another]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:01 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798066     Stormy https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798315 The study is not replicable and also not generalizable since it was a one-off incident.
    The quantification of the qualitative responses from the participants is problematic and may be open to researcher bias.]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:04 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798315     Kayla D. kayladeherrera https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798366 1) Has high ecological validity because it takes place in a naturalistic environment
    2) Shows that emotions can play a role in the influence of leading questions (reconstructive memory) ]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:04 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798366     Madeline Cramer https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798949 The type of sample that is used affects the value of a study]]> 2020-10-13 17:12:12 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825798949 Ryan Rocca ryan_rocca https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825799279 Yuille and Cutshall
    1. this study disproved the Loftus and Palmer study
    2. high ecological validity]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:16 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825799279     James C https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825799334 1. Results -  the quantitative findings of the experiment 
    2. Findings - is the meaning and interpretation of the results.  ]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:17 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825799334     Madeline Cramer https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825800069 Study 1:
    -Cause and Effect
    -Researchers manipulate IV
    Study 2:
    -No broken glass ]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:26 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825800069     Maddie O https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825800780 Concerning methodological considerations, a researcher must look out for demand characteristics. This is when participants form an interpretation of the aim and subconsciously or consciously change their behavior to fit that interpretation. There are at least 4 different types of participant bias. ]]> 2020-10-13 17:12:36 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825800780 Eduarda eduardafavero https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825800980 The type of sample that is being used affects the value of a study
    A study is valid when its findings truly represent the phenomenon its clamming to measure ]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:38 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825800980     Ryan Rocca ryan_rocca https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825802167 Loftus and Palmer
    1. low ecological validity
    2. highly standardized ]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825802167     Madelyn https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825802184 1. Word choice directly affected a person's memory
    2. Reconstructive memory]]>     2020-10-13 17:12:55 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825802184     Lauren https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825803415 1. Opportunity sampling is studying a group that already exists
    2. Haphazard sampling is choosing who to study ]]>     2020-10-13 17:13:11 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825803415     Sydney Rieland https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825805250 Psychologists often use experiments because they are a way to establish a cause and effect relationship

    4 types of participant biases:
    - expectancy effect
    - screw you effect
    - social desirability effect
    - reactivity]]>     2020-10-13 17:13:30 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825805250     Madeline Cramer https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825805289 It is found that a person is able to recall details better when they actually experience them]]> 2020-10-13 17:13:31 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825805289 Bella isabella_delosrios https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825805897 Aim
    • To determine whether leading questions would affect memory of eyewitnesses at a real crime scene and demonstrate the reliability of memory that challenged the findings of Loftus & Palmer (both have the same aim).
    Limitations
    • Non-replicable, not generalizable, flashbulb memory, deceit, researcher bias. Strengths: naturalistic but not a natural experiment, purposive sample, archival evidence, is an experiment: manipulated use of the words (IV).

    ]]>     2020-10-13 17:13:39 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825805897     Madelyn https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825807604 1. real event but can't be generalized
    2. contradicts Loftus and Palmer (1974)]]>     2020-10-13 17:14:01 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825807604     James C https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825808419 Loftus and Palmer 
    1. Studies Reconstructive memory 
    2. It had low ecological validity. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:14:12 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825808419     Eduarda eduardafavero https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825810606 The experiment has a low ecological validity but is highly replicable 
    the IV is being manipulated in order to affect the DV]]>     2020-10-13 17:14:40 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825810606     (Caitlyn G) caitlyngruber https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825811692 Aim to see if leading questions effect estimations

    Results: participants memory can be changed by suggestive questions]]>     2020-10-13 17:14:54 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825811692     James C https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825814100 1. Studies reconstructive memory 
    2. high ecological validity. ]]>     2020-10-13 17:15:26 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825814100     Lara Cumen https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825815746 Fact 1:
    The internal validity of an experiment is compromised if the extraneous variables aren't controlled.

    Fact 2:
    Participants might show demand characteristics that affect the outcome of the experiment.]]>     2020-10-13 17:15:47 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825815746     (Caitlyn G) caitlyngruber https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825818174 Used a real crime scene which added emotion to the study

    Found that their eyewitnesses were very reliable despite the attempted use of leading questions]]>     2020-10-13 17:16:15 UTC https://padlet.com/sasocialstudiesdepartment/quiz4review/wish/825818174