Alvaro Osorio RED by Alvaro E https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks Made with a curious mind en-us 2022-01-12 20:27:48 UTC 2026-01-19 17:30:36 UTC hello@padlet.com Oral Language: What does it mean? alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030210059 When it come to what is the definition of Oral language you are likely going to find some similar to what you see above on the infographic. Having done research for what the best definition I have found that the use of spoken word to communicate across various mediums is the baseline which most organizations and individuals use to create there own nuanced definitions . I will be exploring how the concept of "Oral Language" as being vital to understand within our profession as educator toward our students development. ]]> 2022-02-04 22:10:45 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030210059 Phonological Awareness: What does it mean? alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030252011 Phonological Awareness is part of a multi-modal process which younger children go through which involves recognition and manipulation of the sounds of a spoken language. Children before they ever truly speak or attempt to reproduce sounds associated with speak being to absorb and statistically analysis the sounds around them (Kuhl, 2010). This process eventually leads to various skills as shown in the graphic above which increase in complexity as they gain more explore to language alongside more opportunity to practice (Reading Rockets, n.d.)
Citations reading rocket plus ted talk]]> 2022-02-04 23:10:22 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030252011 How can we apply the concept of Oral Language development into a classroom and promote equity among diverse students ? alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030253026 As children begin to absorb sensory input in the form of auditory and visual information in regards to spoken language they begin to grow the connections in the brain which correlate with language skills (Ormrod, 2019). The reality of this piece of cognitive develop means that children will have a greater understanding of language from listening then from written form (Fisher & Frey, 2014). What we can take from these in a social studies classroom is that many students will benefit from having material presented in many varied forms. With the increasing raise in our understanding of neurodivergence in children and adults (Orrel, 2021) it is vital to have a mixture of instruction which allow students with different preferences and strength have engaging and sound learning material. Children should not be punished for there natural temperaments or personalities informed by there background as those who are more conductive toward traditional learning, children who are reserved might excel in more independent work but struggle in collaborative setting yet more outgoing children who excel in group work but suffer in independent setting similar does not deserved to be penalized from an instructional point of view. Depending on a child cultural and socioeconomic status certain groups of children who belong to perhaps poor families or migrant families for example could have less explore and opportunity for a language rich experience which other child might have but having multiple modes of presentations of content materials can help try to equalize the inherent inequality that can exist occur certain groups of students. The video below shows this concept within a actual classroom and how students can benefit.]]> 2022-02-04 23:12:18 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030253026 Phonological Awareness relevancy and Scaffolding alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030301252 Phonological Awareness is generally shown as being composed of five elements: Rhyme & Alliteration, Sentence Segmentation, Syllable Awareness, Onset & Rime and lastly Phonemic Awareness (Reading Rockets, n.d.). The image above does a good job creating not only a strong visual for the element from the first stage and onwards but in how we as educator wish to approach tailoring our instruction as our student move along the stages. To best be able to assist our student development within each of these stages and associated milestones, we have to scaffold our instruction. This just means that our students have a large amount of underlying mental schemas from oral language and once in school truly begin the process of developing written language proficiency however before reaching this point concepts have to be clarified and expanded upon (Ormrod, 2019)]]> 2022-02-05 00:45:40 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2030301252 alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032640366 Dr. Louisa Moats in this video shows how you can begin teaching phonemic segmentation without students needing to have experience with letters or written language. Her exercise scaffolds her students toward being able to work with letters to recognize the individual phonemes within words using boxes and chips. The choose to leave out words helps student to practice the mastery of there skills and for instruction from the educator to narrow on the important skills which builds familiarity, this is part of scaffolding which as the unit would progress the addition of more complex words or even the introduction of letters is incorporate in such a manner that naturally builds off the previous activities in a direct manner (Moats, 2013)    ]]> 2022-02-07 09:25:54 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032640366 Application within a Social Studies classroom and its implications regarding equity alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032704110 In the study of history a major way that both academic and novice historians learn about the past is through primary and secondary sources. Sources can take a variety of forms from visual or audio mediums and it can range from a stone tool to a dairy entry from a courtesan. The huge variety of materials from which we can use to learn and analyze the past requires a strong written language mastery to not only be able to read documents or textbook but be able to decipher varied forms of language, consider how a formal report will use language differently then a personal letter (Marchand, 2017). Unfortunately our country is suffering from a decline in literacy, just consider how the average American reading ability is on a 7-8 grade reading level. It is incredible important that we as educator ensure that our students have the necessary foundations to facilitate Phonological Awareness development. Not only it is vital for teachers of younger students for which this topic is rather relevant but also for teachers of older student to be able to correctly identify gaps within our students knowledge, so to tailor our instruction to focus on the areas that are under developed. Much of the substance behind instruction within a social studies classroom will be relying upon visual and written material of various levels of writing styles and formats which require sufficient understanding and mastery of reading comprehension.     ]]> 2022-02-07 10:04:36 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032704110 alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032963779 As Ronald Ferguson the director of the Achievement Gap Initiative at Harvard University From Harvard University speaks upon in this video, educations is the great equalizer  which in practice should allow for the circumstances of your birth to not correlate with negative outcomes. Having access to quality education is a social mechanism which can allow students who might come from background which are historically not as likely to graduate or perform at level expected of them or near there peers. Whether it is a trait like socio-economic status, race, gender, cultural background or disability there are a variety of factors which do to things out of a child control have a strong statistical correlation toward negative results in not only education but into wider social fabric. In order for your student to succeed in both school but into there lives beyond requires a strong basis of language mastery which as we know begins early on in infancy and its expansion into written language begins in pre-school/elementary (Fisher & Frey, 2014). This only reinforces the intense need to ensure a strong development of Phonological Awareness.  ]]> 2022-02-07 12:54:25 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032963779 Citations alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032965120 Geektonight. (2021, July). What is Oral Communication? Advantages, Disadvantages, Imp. https://www.geektonight.com/oral-communication/

Fisher, D., & Frey, N. (2014, n.d.). 

Speaking and Listening in Content Area Learning. Reading Rockets. https://www.readingrockets.org/article/speaking-and-listening-content-area-learning


Orrell, B. (2021, October). 

All hands on deck: Neurodiversity and the future of work. AEI. https://www.aei.org/poverty-studies/all-hands-on-deck-neurodiversity-and-the-future-of-work/


ACPS. (2015, n.d.). Multiple Modalities. http://www.acpsk12.org/pl/acps-classrooms-in-focus/multiple-modalities/#:~:text=Multiple%20Modalities%20is%20an%20instructional,modalities%20addresses%20different%20learning%20styles.

Ormrod, J. E. (2019). Educational psychology : developing learners. Hoboken: PEARSON. 

Wolsey, T. D. V., & Lapp, D. (2017). Literacy in the disciplines: A teacher's guide for grades 5-12.
]]> 2022-02-07 12:55:11 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032965120 Citations alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032965485 Ferguson, R. [Harvard University]. (2016, February). 
Education gap: The root of inequality
[Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?                v=9lsDJnlJqoY

Fisher, D., & Frey, N. (2014, n.d.). 

Speaking and Listening in Content Area Learning. Reading Rockets. https://www.readingrockets.org/article/speaking-and-listening-content-area-learning


Reading Rockets. (n.d.). Phonological and Phonemic Awareness. https://www.readingrockets.org/teaching/reading-basics/phonemic

Kuhl, P. (2010, October). The linguistic genius of babies [Video]. TED. https://www.ted.com/talks/patricia_kuhl_the_linguistic_genius_of_babies?language=en

Ormrod, J. E. (2019). Educational psychology : developing learners. Hoboken: PEARSON.

Moats, L. [Reading Rockets]. (2013, April). Phonemic Segmentation [Video]. Youtube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hbOpKUapsNY

Marchand, L. (2017, March). What is readability and why should content editors care about it? Center For Plain Language. https://centerforplainlanguage.org/what-is-readability/


]]> 2022-02-07 12:55:24 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2032965485 Phonics: What does it mean? alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2049863946 Phonics revolves around the concept of symbolism, that spoken sounds can be interpreted through letters. This is the first step into developing a students Phonics as it builds up into "organized, logical, and predictable relationship between written letters and spoken sounds.". The two forms that effective Phonic development requires a Systematic and Explicit approach within your instruction within the classroom (Reading Rockets). Once students are able to understand the sound to letter connections enough to sound it out and decode meaning of new words shows the beginning of mastery in phonics. ]]> 2022-02-16 01:28:35 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2049863946 How related is Print awareness with Phonics? alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2049882342 A important aspect of phonics as student begin to learn the symbolic associations between sounds and letters is in the different forms that letters can take. For example the image above shows the many different fonts that writing can take which although they look different they still represent the same sounds. Students are exposed to many variety of fonts, colors and sizes in school material, on electronic media or on the street. As students begin to develop there writing and phonics being able to recognize letters despite the fonts or if it written in cursive. ]]> 2022-02-16 01:41:48 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2049882342 How does Phonics and Fluency connect to Discipline? alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2049902242 Social Studies has a large reliance on language for exploring the content material. Whether that means that the material takes the form of text, images or even auditory mediums. With the consideration that as a disciplines we cover a large amount of text based materials students need to have a sufficient amount of Fluency to decode. This can take the form of being able to decode the meaning of vocabulary more which are uncommon in there exposure to academic material as it might have been more common in the time of the text. It can also mean that students need to be able to pace themselves as they read sections of a text to fully grasp the meaning of the message before moving onto the next section of text. A good practice commonly used to help study comprehend both a text and its meaning is to have multiple reading of a singular document, this can be done through Embedded phonics (Reading Rockets, n.d.). Often times student will encounter a excerpt which might have originated from a study or published paper which has a high level of disciplinary specific language. Without a strong foundation in phonics and decoding being able to comprehend the works in the classroom will be an obstacle toward there learning comprehension. Aside from the mentioned issue the addition of more complex sources requires a greater level of fluency to be able to handle deconstructing a piece of text within a reasonable length of time. A large amount of interconnected skills are required to be developed among our students and the nature of a social studies classroom relies on these skills to be able to interact and engage with the content.
I also wish to add that Print Awareness is also important as many images and text which might be covered in class can be written in non-standard fonts, which might have been more typical or standard practice for there publishing. The more exposure to different fonts and styles of writing the more access students will have in being able to analysis and read text. ]]> 2022-02-16 01:55:36 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2049902242 Achieving Equity within the classroom alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2050048938 Depending on our student background many might not have access to guardians who have the time nor ability to assist them with schooling or provide enrichment opportunities for language exposure. Even if student might not be limited by external factors some can be limited by internal factors if they might have certain disabilities which affect there experience in a negative manner within the classroom. One of the best methods to combat the potential barriers that out diverse students might face is to incorporate reading proficiency through our content material. This can be done be weaving activities by adapting close reading into the lessons or even KWL (Wolsey & Lapp, 2017, p. 193). Both are easy but prove effective in not only social science but in the other core disciplines as well, do to the wide use it is a recognizable and comfortable for students. Using instructional strategies like the ones I have mentioned allow for all students to benefit from the highly proficient students to even ELL as it multiple components can focus on the language, comprehension and higher order levels of think like the ones by in Bloom Taxonomy. (Armstrong, n.d.)  ]]> 2022-02-16 03:55:05 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2050048938 Fluency as an end point alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2050057962 I believe that Reading rockets provides a rather simple but accurate definition of Fluency as the "ability to read a text accurately, quickly, and with expression". I do think that it is vital to mention however that Fluency is on a spectrum as it requires two inter-connected skills of decoding the individual words meaning but also understanding the meaning of the text (Reading Rockets, n.d.). These two elements are what we as educator use to be able to gauge the level of Fluency for our student 
Some of the previous topics we covered in were on certain aspect of oral and written language: Phonological Awareness, Phonics and Print Awareness. Future sections of this Padlet will cover other individual aspect of language which all build toward Fluency. The greater amount of Fluency the less students have to spend mental effort in the decoding of the meaning of individual words and more on the understanding of what the words mean. The more time they can spend on the latter which is much of our instructions and teaching standards will focus on, the understanding of concepts over the lower level of knowing something. ]]> 2022-02-16 04:02:45 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2050057962 Citations alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2052159840 Reading Rockets. (n.d.). Phonics and Decoding. https://www.readingrockets.org/teaching/reading-basics/phonics

Typeface. (2022, February). In Wikipedia. https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Typeface&action=history

Reading Rockets. (n.d.). Fluency. https://www.readingrockets.org/teaching/reading-basics/fluency

Reading Rockets. (n.d.). Phonics Instruction. https://www.readingrockets.org/article/phonics-instruction

Kutz Elliott, K., & Rheinstrom, D. (2017, n.d.). 

How to read a document: analyzing a historical text. Khan Academy. https://www.khanacademy.org/humanities/us-history/precontact-and-early-colonial-era/how-to-think-like-a-historian/v/how-to-read-a-document-part-2


Armstrong, P. (n.d.).  Bloom’s Taxonomy. Vanderbilt University. https://cft.vanderbilt.edu/guides-sub-pages/blooms-taxonomy/

Wolsey, T. D. V., & Lapp, D. (2017). Literacy in the disciplines: A teacher's guide for grades 5-12.

OER Project. (2020, August). How to Teach Fluency at Every Grade Level - Mannu Sikka | The OC for Social Studies
 [Video]. YouTube. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=jGYkp0uX-P0
]]> 2022-02-17 01:16:44 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2052159840 Fluency relevance for promoting equity alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2052384794 As I have touched upon previously, diverse student will necessitate different levels of strength and weaknesses. Fluency is especially relevant for students such as ELL and students with disabilities which affect language acquisition and development. These students especially have to work much harder on the 1st aspect of fluency, understanding the meaning of words. Rather then simply being able to instantly understand the text and focus on the messages students with lower fluency have to spend much more time which in a short instructional limitations means that finding ways to ensure they can engage and have authentic growth requires time management on the hands of the educator. One of the best ways to address this inequality in the classroom is to design our instruction with Universal Design in mind. Your activities and instruction need to be flexible that the highest and lowest performing students can both learn during the same instructional period and the same materials. Fluency is vital to develop properly early on but must be continuously reinforced and refined as they move beyond primary schooling for there Fluency not to decay (OER Project, 2020).]]> 2022-02-17 04:04:34 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2052384794 alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2055886574 (ACPS, 2015)]]> 2022-02-18 20:16:28 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2055886574 alvaro082099 https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2055890222 Students generally having stronger listening skills then written, so why not include more auditory material like speeches or older videos from the past alongside the more traditional written historical sources which are the most prominent in classrooms around the country. Consider the power of hearing from a person voice there experience of a historic event compared to reading about said event. Oral language transmits not only messages and ideas but also conveys emotion which is incredible useful tool for educators in helping develop our students empathy of the individuals or groups covered in a social studies content area. The connection between the past can seem rather abstract and separated from the lives of our students and for younger students who have yet to fully develop the more abstract part of there minds the effort put into try to humanize history will help them on the journey to conceptualize the more abstract elements within the Discipline. The connection between themselves as individuals toward the groups of people who live in the past requires perspective: who wrote this, what was happening during the time which could affect this, how did the appear of *Blank* potentially have contributed to this event. All of these question are consideration that historian within the discipline have to consider when approach the reliability or validity of sources which are is the primary manner through which students begin to explore topics within specific topics or historiographies (Wolsey & Lapp, 2017). Even some forms of media such as power points and other digital formats have limitations which has shown that having more collaborative and discussion based alternative show greater amount of recalled information from visual mediums (Wolsey & Lapp, 2017). As students further develop more mastery over the written form of language educator have to keep in mind that the verbal form of language is how most people lean toward in processing information and we have to plan our instruction with this discovery in mind. ]]> 2022-02-18 20:19:57 UTC https://padlet.com/alvaro082099/Bookmarks/wish/2055890222