A240 P13 Mind Map Team 1 by CHAN KAH YEE https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we en-us 2020-08-20 03:36:17 UTC 2024-10-30 03:59:33 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.net/icons/png/2620.png A240 Concepts of health management https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673000 2020-08-20 03:41:15 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673000 Biosecurity measures: 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673139 Mitigation methods:
- Disinfection methods (disinfection mats, vehicle baths, stock disinfection, equipment disinfection,  personnal disinfection etc)
- Vectors (vermin, rodents, birds etc) prevention by fencing and security of culture area and condition.e.g anti bird perching roofs and fencing.
-  disease-free/pathogen free stock (SPF stock)
- zoning of equipment and record keeping of in's and out's within the facility.
- proper husbandry methods


]]> 2020-08-20 03:41:27 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673139 Prevention and Treatment 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673359 2020-08-20 03:41:44 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673359 Causative agents 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673395 2020-08-20 03:41:47 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688673395 Diagnosis 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688678001 2020-08-20 03:46:53 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688678001 Prevention: 19008858 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688678296
  • vaccination 
  • immunostimulants 
  • biosecurity measures
  • culling
    • ]]>     2020-08-20 03:47:13 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688678296     Types: 19008858 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688680618
  • parasites 
  • bacteria 
  • virus 
  • fungi 
  • others
    • ]]>     2020-08-20 03:49:51 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688680618     Treatment: 19008858 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688682474
  • Drugs (antibiotics)
  • farm management practises 
  • chemical treatment
  • Natural remedies
  • Culling (fallowing)
    • ]]>     2020-08-20 03:51:57 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688682474     19004713 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688682554 level I: field observation of animal environment, clinical examination

    level II: lab observation using parasitology, bacteriology etc

    level III: lab observation using virology, electron microscopy etc]]>     2020-08-20 03:52:04 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688682554     190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688682853 2020-08-20 03:52:23 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688682853 organisations 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688683376 2020-08-20 03:52:55 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688683376 Sources 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688686621
  • water source
    • pathogens directly introduced to stock
  • vectors
    • people and wild fish carry pathogens
  • fish movement
    • new fish brought onto farm, contact with wild/other farm fish
    • horizontal and vertical transmission
  • Equipment
    • pathogens survive on equipment
    • pathogens carried in vehicle tyres/soles of the boots
    • ]]>     2020-08-20 03:56:38 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688686621     Types of laboratory diagnosis 19008858 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688690633
  • biochemical 
  • molecular 
  • histology 
  • phenotypic (morphological --> behavioral, gross clinical signs, etc.)
    • ]]>     2020-08-20 04:01:44 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688690633     19008858 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688692837 Vaccination: 

    ]]>     2020-08-20 04:04:33 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688692837     Bacteria 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688692881 Examples:
    Streptococcus, Vibrio

    Signs:
    • slow growth
    • change in behaviour
    • haemorrhagic septicaemia
    • fin and tail rot
    • breathing difficulty
    • ulcers to skin lesions
    • exopthalmia/cloudy eyes
    • flashing
    ]]>     2020-08-20 04:04:36 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688692881     Immunostimulant https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688693411 Muramyl peptide, citin, chitosan, plant extracts, vitamin etc. (non-toxic)
    Promotes a greater and more effective sustained immune response to infectious agents. 
    Helps by hastening the specific and non-specific immune responses.]]>     2020-08-20 04:05:17 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688693411     19008858 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688693671 Vaccination
    An agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins. --> increases immunity

    Types:


    Immunostimulants 


    ]]>     2020-08-20 04:05:37 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688693671     19008858 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688697305 Vaccination:
    A vaccine typically contains an agent that resembles a disease-causing microorganism and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe, its toxins, or one of its surface proteins --> increases immunity (innate & adaptive) 

    Types:
    1. live, attenuated 
    2. subunit 
    3. inactivated/"killed"
    4. DNA 
    5. recombinant 
    ]]>     2020-08-20 04:10:26 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688697305     Virus 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688698967 Types:
    • Double-stranded DNA virus
      • e.g. herpesviridae, iridoviridae, baculoviridae
    • Double-stranded RNA virus
      • e.g. birnaviridae
    • Single-stranded RNA virus
      • e.g. rhabdoviridae, okavirus, nodavirus
    Signs:
    • gross pathological signs
      • e.g. swollen organs, tissue necrosis, lesions, haemorrhages
    • Abnormal behaviour
      • e.g. rduced growth, gasping for air, abnormal swimming, lethargy
    • mass mortality of species
    ]]>     2020-08-20 04:12:34 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688698967     diagnosis of viral infection 19004713 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688700733 - gross morphology and histological examination
    - electron microscopy
    - DNA-based diagnostics eg PCR, hybridization
    - immunological techniques eg immunolabelling of sample using antibodies]]>     2020-08-20 04:14:49 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688700733     innate immune response https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688703335 Is the basic immune response where the response is immediate but limited and doesn't have a immunological memory. (dendritic cells, etc)]]> 2020-08-20 04:18:05 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688703335 Parasite 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688703585 Definitions:
    • Ectoparasite: parasite lives outside host
    • Endoparasite: parasite lives inside host
    • Direct life cycle: parasite requires only one host to complete life cycle
    • Indirect life cycle: parasite requires >1 host to complete life cycle
    • Definitive host: organism which parasite reaches sexual maturity in
    • Intermediate host: organism which parasite develops but does not reach sexual maturity in
    • Partenic host: organism which is not needed for the development & maturity of parasite

    Types:
    • Annelida
      • e.g. leech
    • Fungi
    • Protozoa
      • e.g. flagellates
    • Helminths
      • e.g. monogeneans, nematodes, tapeworms
    • Anthropods
      • e.g. ispoda, copepoda

    Signs:
    • parasites attached to skin surface
    • flashing/scratching skin surface with rough surfaces
    • coudy skin
    • ulceration
    • shortness of breath
    • red areas/lesions on skin
    • eroded fins
    ]]>     2020-08-20 04:18:26 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688703585     Adaptive immune response https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688707224 Takes time to respond to foreign objects but has immune memory and adapt to pathogens and foreign bodies over time.]]> 2020-08-20 04:23:21 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688707224 Others 190150581 https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688710159
  • Genetics
  • Environmental stress
    • e.g. noise, incorrect water conditions
    • poorer immune response
  • Poor nutrition
    • ]]>     2020-08-20 04:27:29 UTC https://padlet.com/19008858/mex0ypunv1q6t9we/wish/688710159