Types of biodiversity:

• Genetic biodiversity

• Species biodiversity

• Ecological biodiversity

Importance:

Every species has a specific role in an ecosystem. They capture and store energy and also produce and decompose organic matter. The ecosystem supports the services without which humans cannot survive. A diverse ecosystem is more productive and can withstand environmental stress.

India study case:
India is one of the most diverse nations in the world. It ranks ninth in terms of plant species richness. Two of the world’s 25 biodiversity hotspots are found in India. It is the origin of important crop species such as pigeon pea, eggplant, cucumber, cotton and sesame. India is also a centre of various domesticated species such as millets, cereals, legumes, vegetables, medicinal and aromatic crops, etc.

India is equally diverse in its faunal wealth. There are about 91000 animal species found here.

However, diversity is depleting at a drastic rate and various programmes on biodiversity conservation are being launched to conserve nature.

Sources:

“What Is Biodiversity and Why Is It Under Threat?” World Wildlife Fund, www.worldwildlife.org/pages/what-is-biodiversity.

Admin. “Biodiversity and Its Types.” BYJUS, 30 May 2022, byjus.com/biology/biodiversity.

Sex and gender can be understood in the conventional context of male and female workers. For instance, the phrase “gender balance” may be mentioned by organizations aiming for an equal representation of employees identifying as male and those identifying as female. However, as the understanding of gender evolves, the phrase “gender diversity” might be more fitting, given the existence of various expressions of gender and sexual orientation.