National and International Efforts in Managing Climate Change (3A1) padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange by Adilah Ashburn https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange Evaluate the success of climate change management measures. en-us 2019-03-02 15:48:37 UTC 2019-10-30 04:31:24 UTC hello@padlet.com Singapore Green Plan 2012 - Erik adilahab https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337128562 Description:reducing greenhouse gas emissions by using natural gas

Advantages/Success:
1.As early as 2010, about 79% of Singapore’s electricity was being generated from natural gas. This exceeded the Ministry of Environment’s target ahead of schedule. In this way, it has managed to reduce the emission of greenhouse gas.
2. Natural gas is a cleaner form of energy in comparison to coal because it does not produce smoke.

Limitations:
1. natural gas requires complex treatment plants to process and pipelines to transport(Singapore need high skilled workers)(Advanced mode of transport for the pipelines to be transported)
2. These pipelines have high maintenance costs because they need to be laid underground and have to be checked regularly for leakage(The cost can be very expensive)(Need highly skilled workers to regularly checked on the pipelines)

Examples:
1. As early as 2010,.about 79% of Singapore’s electricity was being generated from natural gas
2. The annual average PM 2.5 level fell from 21µg/Nm3 in 2005 to 16µg/Nm3 in 2008.32
Ambient air quality as measured by the PSI was in the “good” range for at least 96 percent of the days in 2008.31
]]> 2019-03-02 15:51:28 UTC https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337128562 Singapore Plant-a-Tree Programme - Pacey adilahab https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337128870 Description:

Advantages/Success:
1. Lowering the greenhouse gases emissions over the years. The greenhouse gas, Carbon Dioxide, has decreased from 11.51 tons CO2/capita in 2003 to 9.01 tons CO2/capita in 2005.
2. Increasing the amount of trees planted in Singapore.
(what is a success story? How many plants have been planted?)

Limitations:
1. Cost -

2. Small Land Area - Having a land area of 719 km square, the government has to accommodate all different types of land uses from housing to commercial buildings to power stations and industries. The government needs to strike a balance between economic development and preserving green spaces
Examples:
1.
2. 
]]> 2019-03-02 15:54:00 UTC https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337128870 Singapore Green Mark Scheme - Qi Peng adilahab https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337129090 Description:

Advantages/Success:
1 advantage of singapore green mark scheme is the reduction of energy,water and material resource being used.For example  The energy consumption in buildings can be reduced by 30% to 80% using proven and commercially available technologies. 
2. advantage of singapore green mark scheme is having a better indoor environment quality for a healthier work space

Limitations:
1.Limited renewable energy options.Singapore does not have large river systems to produce hydroelectricity or strong wind to power the turbines
2. small land area.With only 719km in land area not enough space to build the buildings

Examples:
1.The National Library Building
About two thirds of the building façade is double-glazed with high quality low- emissivity glass to minimise heat transfer. The building is also heavily shaded to reduce solar heat gain through the façade. Close attention has been paidto control solar heat, glare and humidity to optimise user comfort and protect the library collections.
2.Standard Chartered @ Changi
Rainwater harvesting will be adopted for irrigation of the majority landscape areas and has a storage capacity of five days use. An automatic drip and sprinkler irrigation system will be utilised on landscaped areas. Moisture sensors will also be installed to enhance the efficiency of the irrigation system.]]> 2019-03-02 15:56:02 UTC https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337129090 Kyoto Protocol - Gwen & Ameerah adilahab https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337129155 Description:
The Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, which commits its Parties by setting internationally binding emission reduction targets.
Advantages/Success:
1. Developed, industrialized countries made a promise under the Kyoto Protocol to reduce their annual emissions by an average of 5.2% by the year 2012 that would represent about 29% of the world's total greenhouse gas emissions. Hence, the policy of Kyoto Protocol allows the process of Global Warming to slow down.
2.  Greenhouse gas emissions are reduced, which benefits improves air quality and health (e.g less respiratory illness)

Limitations:
1. Only certain countries are able to cut emissions such as China and India though they refused to be included.The world’s largest emitters of greenhouse gases  aren’t even participating in a Protocol that aims to curb those emissions.
2. None of the limitations imposed on participating countries resulted in a reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.All we are hearing about these days is how everything is getting warmer and that global emissions are actually going up – and at a frightening rate.

Examples:
1. Members of the European Union (EU) pledged to cut emissions by 8% while the U.S. and Canada promised to reduce their emissions by 7% and 6% respectively by 2012.
2.  Kyoto Protocol invest in projects designed to lower emissions in countries. Developing countries earn carbon credits, which they could trade or sell to developed countries, allowing the developed nations a higher level of maximum carbon emissions for that period. In effect, this function helped the developed countries to continue emitting GHG vigorously.
3. It was said the the 1997 Kyoto Protocol was successful with every single one of the 36 countries that signed up reducing their mean annual greenhouse gas emissions from 2008 to 2012 by an average of 5% relative to the levels seen in 1990. ]]> 2019-03-02 15:56:32 UTC https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/337129155 https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/404269076 2019-10-30 04:19:49 UTC https://padlet.com/adilahab/3A1ClimateChange/wish/404269076