https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection Padlet for OIB 2019 about Brazil en-us 2018-02-08 10:48:08 UTC 2024-10-12 22:41:18 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Growing.png nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229509574 Data from 2016]]> 2018-02-08 11:39:51 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229509574 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229552835 - Life expectancy at birth (years, 2016) = 75.2]]> 2018-02-08 13:44:32 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229552835 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229553942 - GDP growth (% annual) = -3.6%
- GNI per capita, PPP (US$) = 14,840
- GDP per capita, PPP (US$) = 15,500
- Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) = 12.5%]]> 2018-02-08 13:46:33 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229553942 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229554050 - RISING high-technology exports (% of manufactured exports) = 13.4%
- HIGH renewable energy (% of primary energy supply, 2016) = 40.25%
- RISING ict good exports (million US$, 2012) = 1,325
- LOW internet access (% of all households) = 49.3%]]> 2018-02-08 13:46:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229554050 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229586867 A peak emerged in 2014 as a consequence of the Brazilian Economic Crisis of 2014]]> 2018-02-08 14:39:52 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229586867 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229607590 BRICS is an association of five major emerging economies: Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa.
Its is aimed at cooperation between developing or newly industrialized countries.]]> 2018-02-08 15:09:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229607590 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229619547 Brazil's North and Northeast areas = poorest regions, periphery
South and Southeast areas = richest regions, core]]> 2018-02-08 15:27:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229619547 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229645525 Brazil slashed poverty from 25 percent of the population in 2004 to 8.5 percent in 2014. Extreme poverty declined from 12 to 4 percent over the same period.
source : World Bank’s international poverty line]]> 2018-02-08 16:03:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229645525 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229651916 In the 19th century, industrialized metropolises (rich south) was supplied in raw material by the poorer north. North's development became dependent on South's, but did not develop at the same rate.]]> 2018-02-08 16:12:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229651916 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229658163 2018-02-08 16:20:47 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229658163 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229658394 WHAT IS BRAIN GAIN ?
"Because the government wants to attract high-skilled employees, the Labor Ministry provides experts, managers, and administrators with temporary work visas." "The number of work visas issued by the Brazilian government augmented ten fold between 1993 and 2008.
WHY THIS AUGMENTATION ?
"It is associated with the increasing insertion of Brazil in the world economy. Most of the immigrants coming to the country are now highly qualified and allows Brazil's to further develop and grow."]]> 2018-02-08 16:21:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229658394 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229729336 In 1999, Brazil signed an agreement with the United Nation High Commission for Refugees (UNHCR) to begin a formal refugee resettlement program.]]> 2018-02-08 18:05:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/229729336 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231862743 Brazil is mainly populated by the descendants of the portugese who colonised this land from 1500 to 1815]]> 2018-02-15 12:40:04 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231862743 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231865668 2018-02-15 12:50:39 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231865668 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231872162

MAIN ONE = search of employment (source: International Centre for Migration Policy Development)

Poor living conditions

Poor services (education, health, water supply, technology...)

]]> 2018-02-15 13:09:39 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231872162 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231875113

MAIN ONE = more qualified job opportunities for foreigners, at a better salary

Advantageous policies for skilled workforce

Lower cost of life

Large market

Higher salaries

]]> 2018-02-15 13:17:42 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231875113 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231878006 2018-02-15 13:25:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231878006 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231883654

MAIN ONE = a more skilled workforce boosts a country's development and economy

Workforce is expanded and demand increases, which creates even more jobs = virtuous cycle

Boost urbanization and industrialization factors where people install, significantly enhancing economic growth

Diversification of the culture, which improves the country's opening to the world

]]> 2018-02-15 13:39:40 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231883654 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231884107

MAIN ONE = Lack of sufficient public services/infrastructure to support the number of people in the area

Widen regional inequalities as immigrants tend to concentrate in the richer and more developed parts of the country

Congestion/traffic and pollution problems

]]> 2018-02-15 13:40:41 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231884107 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231892792 77,000 Venezuelan have fled to Brazil and are left to themselves = Brazil doesn't have the ressources to welcome them)]]> 2018-02-15 13:58:12 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/231892792 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/232017622 "refugees are left to fend for themselves with a small clutch of charities and non-governmental organisations providing support where they can"]]> 2018-02-15 17:05:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/232017622 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/232050535 “The lack of basic sanitation, the poverty, it all favours the mosquito,” Cruz said. “There is a big chance of Zika coming back.”]]> 2018-02-15 17:56:57 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/232050535 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275576642 NUMBERS (2013) = AVG life expectancy in the North is 73.9, and is 78.2 in the South]]> 2018-08-27 15:37:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275576642 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275621474 2018-08-27 17:24:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275621474 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275628614 2018-08-27 17:42:18 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275628614 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275633573 2018-08-27 17:52:53 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275633573 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275634427 Each key theme is then divided into smaller columns for each subject]]> 2018-08-27 17:54:46 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275634427 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275644666 2018-08-27 18:19:11 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275644666 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275644798 2018-08-27 18:19:29 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275644798 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275694419 2018-08-27 20:55:44 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275694419 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275695242 A majority of the Brazilians who leave are young (60% are between 20 and 34 yo) and from the richest regions (50% come from the southeast, 21% alone from Sao Paulo).]]> 2018-08-27 21:00:26 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275695242 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275696100 41% of the brazilian domestic supply is already composed of renewable energy (mainly coming from biomass and hydropower)]]> 2018-08-27 21:04:37 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275696100 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275698806 2018-08-27 21:14:48 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275698806 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275813538 "At least 23,9% of the Brazilian population can be considered disabled. The gov. provides strategic actions in the sectors of health, education, citizenship and accessibility, granting tax reductions (often 0% of tax) for a number of products and equipment of assistive technology."]]> 2018-08-28 10:25:40 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/275813538 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317430809 NUMBERS : in 2016, out of the £196.5bn of global investments on renewable powers and fuels worldwide, £107bn took place in developing countries (like in China, Brazil, India...).
= first time developing countries outnumber developed ones !]]> 2019-01-04 14:02:13 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317430809 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317434686 Renewable Energies are :
- cheaper to invest into
- clean (that's the point)
- free a country from balance of payments burdens (bc you don't waste your money endlessly on expensive fuel)
- enhance energy security (you don't depend on international supplies or prices of fuel)]]> 2019-01-04 14:13:56 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317434686 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317444932 ON ONE HAND
developed countries have more funds and engineering capacity
BUT ON THE OTHER HAND
developed countries inherit old fossil energy systems --> the cost of conversion from fossil to renewable energies is actually more elevated than the simple cost of construction from scratch, that developing countries benefit from]]> 2019-01-04 14:44:15 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317444932 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317456119 NIC = Newly industrialised country
--> country whose economy has not yet reached a developed country's status but have outpaced their developing counterparts]]> 2019-01-04 15:18:08 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317456119 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317466934

Brazil spends 1.2% of its GDP on research and development, compared to an avg 2.4% in developed countries (data from 2016)

In 2018, the budget for science was cut by 44% (decrease of $898 million, lowest point in History !)

The ceiling for researcher's salaries is £4,200

]]> 2019-01-04 15:53:58 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317466934 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317476815 6 of Brazil's universities are in the top 10 of Latin America
BUT funding has shrunk by 7% !]]> 2019-01-04 16:29:11 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317476815 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317512410 NUMBERS
- In 2000 : Sao Paulo (South) had a life expectancy 6.1 years longer than Maranhao (North) and had a GDP 5x higher
- In 2016, the life expectancy difference increased to 7.5 years, while the GDP was only 3.5x higher.]]> 2019-01-04 18:43:36 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317512410 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317517259 2019-01-04 19:02:59 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317517259 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317517358 - in 2060, 25% of Brazil's population will be over 60 yo.
- in 2030, Brazil's fertility rate should start to drop (it is today at 1.77, which is quite elevated)]]> 2019-01-04 19:03:25 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317517358 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317517562 - today at 208 millions, the population will reach a max of 233 millions in 2047, and then drop = population decrease]]> 2019-01-04 19:04:23 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317517562 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317518516 AN AGEING BUT STILL INCREASING POPULATION

• old population (75+) increasing = increasing life expectancy
• youth population decreasing = stabilising birth rate (more wealth means parents depend less on children) + reduced child mortality (improved health)
• main tranch of the population getting older (from the 0-4 yo. to the 30-36 yo.) = ageing population
• population still increasing

]]> 2019-01-04 19:08:24 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317518516 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317528702 As we see from the IBGE report predictions from 2018.
--> life expectancy gaps remain approximately the same as now between the South and North regions.]]> 2019-01-04 19:51:11 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317528702 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317530574 DTM = Demographic Transition Model]]> 2019-01-04 20:01:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317530574 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317531731 2019-01-04 20:08:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317531731 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317535043 --> find a new retirement system : the current budget of the retirement system represented 4% the GDP in 2016, BUT with the decreasing number of active contributors and the increasing number of beneficiaries, it should represent 23% of GDP in 2060 !
--> improve infrastructure : need to improve public transport as well as promote "active-ageing" and "age-friendly" cities to take good care of the elderly.
--> transform services : healthcare needs to develop (grow to prepare for a more care-dependent population), and needs to adapt to the needs of older patients.
--> improve technological connection : help this sector develop in the older-age market, and help reduce the digital divide between older adults and the rest of the population

]]> 2019-01-04 20:29:21 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317535043 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317536735 2019-01-04 20:42:06 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317536735 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317539139 The Southeastern region of Brazil has 48% of the registered companies !]]> 2019-01-04 21:10:02 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317539139 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317539782 With Latin America entering the process of globalization, capital flow became easier and investment increased in Brazil.
With the eco crisis of 2014, the investments dropped, and should only start increasing again in 2019.
source : Deloitte, Research & maket intelligence]]> 2019-01-04 21:16:14 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317539782 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317540453 NIDL = New International Division of Labour]]> 2019-01-04 21:24:19 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317540453 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317540728 Brazil is a second wave of Newly Industrialised Country.
However, Brazil shows much larger added value in gross exports than the other NICs = benefitting from a higher initial advantage thanks to abundant primary ressources.]]> 2019-01-04 21:28:04 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317540728 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317563598 ...]]> 2019-01-05 07:10:10 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317563598 nchouval https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317702155 2019-01-06 21:45:51 UTC https://padlet.com/nchouval/brazilbsitishsection/wish/317702155