Masters, K. (2021, April, 1.). Virginia teachers are going to be assessed on ‘cultural competency.’  What does that mean?  https://www.virginiamercury.com/2021/04/01/virginia-teachers-are-going-to-be-assessed-on-cultural-competency-what-does-that-mean/

*Congress can propose a new law and then is 

ratified by the state.

State Entity: Texas Legislature

*The state constitutional law is approved by 

public elections. 

"No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance." (U.S. Constitution Amendment XIV)

Reference:
U.S. Constitution amend. XIV. 

URL: Cornell Law School – Legal Information 

Institure

https://www.law.cornell.edu/wex/

constitutional_law

URL: Texas Constitution and Statutes

https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov/

*Congress writes and adopts federal laws. 

State Entity: Texas Legislature

*State Statutes – laws written and adopted 

by the legislation. 

Texas Education Code – resource 

Sec. 4.001.  PUBLIC EDUCATION MISSION AND OBJECTIVES.  (a)  The mission of the public education system of this state is to ensure that all Texas children have access to a quality education that enables them to achieve their potential and fully participate now and in the future in the social, economic, and educational opportunities of our state and nation.  That mission is grounded on the conviction that a general diffusion of knowledge is essential for the welfare of this state and for the preservation of the liberties and rights of citizens.  It is further grounded on the conviction that a successful public education system is directly related to a strong, dedicated, and supportive family and that parental involvement in the school is essential for the maximum educational achievement of a child. (Texas Education Code §4.001)

References:
URL: U.S. Department of Education

https://www.ed.gov/essa?src=rn

URL: Texas Constitution and Statutes

https://statutes.capitol.texas.gov

State Entity: Court of Appeals, Four federal 

district courts, State Supreme Court, Trial 

Courts

the name given to the five separate cases 

that the U.S. Supreme Court handled. 

References:
URL: Supreme Court of the United States

https://www.supremecourt.gov/

URL: Texas Judicial Branch – Supreme Court

https://www.txcourts.gov/supreme

Branch agencies, and Independent regulatory

agencies. 

*The Department of Education

State Entity:

Texas Education Agency (TEA)

Texas Higher Education Coordinating

 Board

(D) Standard 3.4. The educator shall not exclude a student from participation in a program, deny benefits to a student, or grant an advantage to a student on the basis of race, color, gender, disability, national origin, religion, family status, or sexual orientation (19 Tex. Admin. Code § 247.2.).

 

(B) Teachers acquire, analyze, and use background information (familial, cultural, educational, linguistic, and developmental characteristics) to engage students in learning.

(i) Teachers connect learning, content, and expectations to students' prior knowledge, life experiences, and interests in meaningful contexts.

  (ii) Teachers understand the unique qualities of students with exceptional needs, including disabilities and giftedness, and know how to effectively address these needs through instructional strategies and resources.

 (iii) Teachers understand the role of language and culture in learning and know how to modify their practices to support language acquisition so that language is comprehensible and instruction is fully accessible (19 Tex. Admin. Code §149.1001).

 

(C) Teachers design lessons to meet the needs of diverse learners, adapting methods when appropriate.

 Teachers differentiate instruction, aligning methods and techniques to diverse student needs, including acceleration, remediation, and implementation of individual education plans.

(19 Tex. Admin. Code §149.1001).

References:
URL: U.S. Department of Education

https://www.ed.gov/essa?src=rn

URL: Texas Education Agency

https://tea.texas.gov/about-tea/laws-and-

rules#:~:text=The%20Texas%20Education

%20Agency%20administers,govern

%20education%20in%20the%20state

Educators’ Code of Ethics, 19 Tex. Admin. Code § 247.2

 

Educators’ Code of Ethics, 19 Tex. Admin. Code § 149.1001

(E) Standard 2.5. The educator shall not discriminate against or coerce a colleague based on race, color, religion, national origin, age, gender, disability, family status, or sexual orientation.   (19 Tex. Admin. Code §247.2)

(B) Standard 3.2. The educator shall not intentionally, knowingly, or recklessly treat a student or minor in a manner that adversely affects or endangers the learning, physical health, mental health, or safety of the student or minor. (19 Tex. Admin. Code §247.2)

An educator should not have a topic of instruction in a place where a student feels discriminated against.  Every student shall be given an equal education.   

Reference:
Texas Certified Educators: Texas Educators' Code of Ethics (19 TAC § 247