My fancy grid by https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923 Made with an open mind en-us 2019-10-23 17:24:11 UTC 2019-12-07 20:03:04 UTC hello@padlet.com computer Network chapter 1 bilalrashid431 https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401638900 What is Network ?
a network is connection 2 or more device that able to send and receive data  care of a medium .
.......................................................
Elements of network :
1 devices:
end-user-devices: these are nodes
that generate message and a part of the network (client and server). 

...........................................................
2 Rules:
these are standard rules to create network that mean protocol and mean how the network is directed.
...........................................................
Type of Network in Size :
1 LAN(local area network):
this is using form small network and small business example a switch connect to some PC.
....................................................  2 WAN (Wide Area Network):
this a big network that connect 2 or more LAN to each other.

TB: we have MAN but this is not common.
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]]> 2019-10-23 18:07:26 UTC https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401638900 computer Network chapter 2 bilalrashid431 https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401654573 what is Network Interface Card: A NIC, or LAN adapter,
provides the physical connection to the network at
the PC or other host device. 
.......................................................Unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cable:Consists of four pairs of color-coded wires that have been twisted
together and then encased in a flexible plastic sheath. 
 ......................................................
 Network topology:
Physical topology
 refers to the shape of the network, or how the
networking devices connected to each others. It has different
types as follows :
1. Ring topology
2. Star topology
3. Mesh topology
4. Tree topology
 .....................................................
 Logical Topology
The logical topology defines how the data should transfer. Contrast this to
the physical topology, which consists of the layout of cables, network
devices and wiring. 
----------------------------------------------------
Network Protocols Standards:
A standard is a process or protocol that has been endorsed by the
networking industry and ratified by a standards organization, such as
the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) or the
Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF). 
  
 
 
 
 ]]> 2019-10-23 18:30:49 UTC https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401654573 computer Network chapter 3 bilalrashid431 https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401700222 Network accessing devices
1-Repeater
2- Hub
3- Bridge
4- Switch
----------------------------------------------------
Repeater:
- A repeater receives a digital signal and regenerates that signal
-------------------------
Hub:
- A hub is really a multiple-port repeater
--------------------------
Bridge:
Is a data link layer (layer 2 of OSI)
 device, each of its ports is in a
 separate collision domain.
----------------------
Switch:  is basically just a multiple-port bridge with more brainpower,
management ability and features
---------------------------------------------------
type is Switch Operation :
1- Learning
2-Aging
3-Flooding
4-Selective Forwarding
5-Filtering

]]> 2019-10-23 19:45:39 UTC https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401700222 computer network chpter 4 bilalrashid431 https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401713126 IP address: 
  Each packet has a 32-bit source address and a 32-bit destination
address in the Layer 3
----------------------------------------------------
Binary to Decimal:
the base 2 numbering system only has two digits: 0 and 1. In 8-bit
binary numbers 
----------------------------------------------------
Decimal to Binary:
We will only examine the process of converting 8-bit binary to
the decimal values of 0 to 255.
----------------------------------------------------
IP address - Network and Host Portions:
The high-order bits represents the network portion. we define a
network as a group of hosts that have identical bit patterns in the
network address portion of the address
----------------------------------------------------
Type of ip address :
1-Network address
2-Broadcast Address
3-Host Addresses
---------------------------------------------------
Types of communication :
1-Unicast
2-broadcast traffic
3-Multicast transmission

 


 
 

 
 
 


 

]]> 2019-10-23 20:11:58 UTC https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/401713126 computer network chapter 7 bilalrashid431 https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/421202218 The Application layer : is the layer that provides the interface
between the applications we use to communicate and the
underlying network
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The Presentation layer has three primary functions:
1-Coding , conversion
2-Compression ,decompressed
 3-Encryption , decryption
-------------------
communication by offering three different:
modes: simplex ,  half duplex ,  full duplex.
 -----------------
Domain name server (DNS):is used to resolve Internet names to IP addresses.
-------------------
(FTP)File Transfer Protocol : is used for interactive file transfer between systems.
 ----------------------------
Applications : are the software programs used by people to
communicate over the network. 

 Services : are the programs that interface with the network
and prepare the data for transfer. 
 -------------------------
SERVER --------->  CLIENT is 
called download
CLIENT ---------> SERVER is
called upload
----------------------
UDP - (User Datagram Protocol)
TCP -( Transmission control protocol )
--------------------------
Domain Name System (DNS) - TCP/UDP Port 53
1- Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - TCP Port 80
2- Telnet - TCP Port 23
3- Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) - UDP Port 67
4- File Transfer Protocol (FTP) - TCP Ports 20 and 21 
 


  
 
  
 

 ]]> 2019-12-07 18:33:28 UTC https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/421202218 computer network chapter 5 bilalrashid431 https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/421209491
Public addresses: designated for use in networks that are accessible on the Internet

private addresses : are used in local networks that require no Internet access. 
  
   The private address :
1-(10.0.0.0 /8)
2- (172.16.0.0 /12)
3- (192.168.0.0 /16) 

(NAT)Network Address Translation 

Class A Block is host 16 million host addresses range 0.0.0.0 /8 to 127.0.0.0 /8 
 
Class B Block: is host 65,000 hosts , range 128.0.0.0 /16 to
191.255.0.0 /16 
 
 Class C Block: is host 254 hosts, range 192.0.0.0 /24 to
223.255.255.0 /24 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 ]]> 2019-12-07 19:40:36 UTC https://padlet.com/bilalrashid431/m6dv023bd923/wish/421209491