The scientific revolution impacted medicine because vaccines came out that helped with preventing smallpox, and helped remove old anesthetics which helped make operations less painful and advanced surgery and dentistry.

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The Enlightenment helped contribute to medicine and public health through scientific advancements and a better understanding of disease by using observation and classification.

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Newton's laws of motion and the development of calculus has helped to create medical instruments and technology.

His significance in medicine is that he collected lots of human and animal skeletons, bones and body parts. He encouraged doctors to learn and study the anatomy of humans and animals to help their understanding of how the body works.

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His significance in medicine & public health is that he emphasized the importance of observation and experience over just speculation. He also believed that the government should protect citizen's health.

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Montesquieu thought climate affects people’s health and that governments should keep citizens safe and healthy. His idea of separating powers helped make health laws fair. Even though some ideas are old, they still influence public health today

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Voltaire helped public health by promoting reason, science, and social reform. He criticized poor living conditions like poverty and bad sanitation, supported early vaccination, and encouraged open scientific debate, all of which helped improve health and medicine

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Jean-Jacques Rousseau, while not a doctor, helped shape public health ideas by connecting health to society and the environment. In Emile, he encouraged good hygiene and healthy habits, and he spoke out against poor living conditions, influencing efforts to improve people’s health

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Benjamin Franklin helped people stay healthy by supporting clean water, good hygiene, smallpox vaccination, and starting hospitals and fire departments. His inventions and experiments also helped medicine

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Cotton Mather helped public health by promoting smallpox inoculation in Boston in 1721. He learned the method from Onesimus, an enslaved African, and convinced a doctor to try it. This saved many lives and was an early step toward modern vaccination.

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Colonial sanitation laws in New York helped public health by showing that cleaning streets, removing waste, and improving water could prevent sickness. These rules were an early step toward creating public health departments, collecting health data, and reducing deadly diseases over time.

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Smallpox inoculations during the American Revolution saved many soldiers’ lives and stopped big outbreaks. It was one of the first big public health actions in America, showed leaders could fight disease on a large scale, and helped people accept vaccines later on.

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The Declaration of Independence let the new U.S. government make laws to keep people healthy. The “general welfare” idea later allowed funding for hospitals, sanitation, and public health programs.

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he Bill of Rights let people advocate for health and safety, helping the government support hospitals and public health programs.

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