Lines in the Dust Dramaturgy Board by Maroon Arts https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu "Opportunity isn't just about merit. It's about positioning."- Denitra, pg. 44 en-us 2022-10-31 06:54:12 UTC 2023-10-21 06:43:21 UTC hello@padlet.com Report No. 12 of the Massachusetts School Board, 1848 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362873992 “Education, then, beyond all other devices of human origin,
is the great equalizer of the conditions of men
—the balance-wheel of the social machinery... [The Common School] will open a wider area over which the social feelings will expand; and, if this education should be universal and complete, it would do more than all things else to obliterate factitious distinctions in society.”
Horace Mann

]]> 2022-10-31 07:16:54 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362873992 How the Other Half Lives, Jacob A. Riis, 1890 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362874945 “LONG ago it was said that ‘one half of the world does not know how the other half lives.’ That was true then. It did not know because it did not care. The half that was on top cared little for the struggles, and less for the fate of those who were underneath, so long as it was able to hold them there and keep its own seat.”]]> 2022-10-31 07:17:58 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362874945 Chief Justice Earl Warren, May 17, 1954 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362877045 “To separate them [children in grade and high schools]
from others of similar age and qualifications solely because of their race generates a feeling of inferiority as to their status in the community that may affect their hearts and minds in a way unlikely to ever be undone... We conclude that, in the field of public education, the doctrine of "separate but equal" has no place. Separate educational facilities are inherently unequal.”

]]> 2022-10-31 07:20:20 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362877045 Gov. George Wallace, Jan 14, 1963 Inaugural Speech, Montgomery, AL info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362879452 “In the name of the greatest people that have ever trod this earth, I draw the line in the dust. . . and I say . . . segregation today . . . segregation tomorrow . . . segregation forever.”

]]> 2022-10-31 07:22:42 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362879452 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362880103 2022-10-31 07:23:21 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362880103 Judge Robert L. Carter info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362881356 “The struggle to make equality for all people a fundamental tenant in our society continues.”

]]> 2022-10-31 07:24:32 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362881356 New Jersey Chief Justice Deborah Poritz, 2004 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362884045 “...we have paid lip service to the idea of diversity in our schools, but in the real world we have not succeeded.” 

]]> 2022-10-31 07:26:37 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362884045 Nice White Parents info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362890777 Follow the story of a public school and the "nice white parents" that shape it. ]]> 2022-10-31 07:33:11 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362890777 The Problem We All Live With info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362893234 A look at the positive effects of school integration and the lengths people will go to prevent it from happening. CW: This story begins with the murder of Michael Brown ]]> 2022-10-31 07:35:51 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362893234 Her Only Crime Was Helping Kids info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362896803 The story of Kelley Williams-Bolar, a Black women who was imprisoned for using her fathers address to enroll her children in school.]]> 2022-10-31 07:39:17 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362896803 Modern Citizens Councils info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362898269 2022-10-31 07:40:48 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362898269 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362898742 Honorable Judge Robert L. Carter of the United States of America - an Essex County, New Jersey resident in his youth, and one of the chief architects for the legal strategy that led to the landmark Supreme Court decision Brown v. Board of Education, May 17,1954]]> 2022-10-31 07:41:18 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362898742 Overview of White Citizens' Councils- PBS info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362901298 2022-10-31 07:43:37 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362901298 George Gets A Citizens Council info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362928191 2022-10-31 08:11:18 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362928191 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362932493 2022-10-31 08:15:47 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362932493 School Ranking info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362936601 2022-10-31 08:20:27 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362936601 School Ranking info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362936858 2022-10-31 08:20:47 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2362936858 Citizens' Council Radio Forum info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2363966963 Audio clips of what White citizens and members of Citizens Councils had to say about integration, specifically in schools. 

]]> 2022-10-31 21:18:40 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2363966963 Governor of Arkansas is interviewed on Brown V. Board of Education and equates the issue to states rights and law and order- rather than admitting the issue of racism info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2363975249 Williams: Since the SC segregation decisions in 1954, you have become the central figure in the most serious constitutional crisis that has arisen since the war for southern independence. What is the real issue in this controversy?

Faubus: Well, Congressman Williams, the real and basic issue is very often submerged with what we sometimes term the extraneous matter. The real basic issue is the separation
of powers as set up by the founding fathers and continued on to the present time. The real issue is the usurpation of powers reserved to the states by the federal government without going through the proper processes of amendment of the constitution. You find it very clearly illustrated in the writings of Jefferson which I’ve quoted quite extensively since the controversy arose. The real usurpation, of course, has been by the United States Supreme Court without any basis for the assumption of that power. Not only in the field
which has always been reserved to the states, the field of education, but in other fields the Supreme Court has stepped in. ... And writing to me recently was a person who wrote thusly, ‘It has been said that it is not so much the separation of the races as the continued separation of powers, federal, state and local, which guarantees the liberty of all races. And that I think, Congressman Williams, is the central issue in this whole conflict. It is not confined to Arkansas, it is not confined to the South, you find it in many fields throughout the nation.]]> 2022-10-31 21:24:15 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2363975249 In the same interview as the one above, the Governor (like Mike in our play), believes that Black schools are better funded, better schools. He also accuses activists of using fundraising money for personal use- a tale as old as time. info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2363978968 Faubus: Now, no one disagrees with the thought of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, that is a phrase with which all can agree, and in
Little Rock and in Arkansas, we’ve been mindful of that. And in fact, when the controversy arose over the forcible integration of the schools in the city of Little Rock,
you find that the students who left Horace Mann High School to enter Central High School…

Williams: Horace Mann was the colored high school…

Faubus: …Were leaving the colored high school, Horace Mann, which is far more modern than Central, only about four or five years old and incidentally rated fifth in the nation for being modern, utilitarian and beautiful. The degrees of the teachers in that school were higher than the degrees on average of the teachers in Central High School. Central High School is thirty years old, Horace Mann is four or five years old. So, they were leaving a finer school with better qualified teachers so far as the academic standards are concerned, and entering another school. Therefore, people who know the situation well could draw the conclusion that it was not a matter of advancement educationally of the students but was the promotion of these people who were the leaders who are on a paid basis because Mrs. Bates who headed the program is the paid worker for the NAACP in Arkansas, and incidentally, I have in my files information showing that over the country they’ve held testimonial dinners for her where funds are raised for her personal use. It said on the basis of repairing her home that had been bombed eleven times, which is untrue. ]]> 2022-10-31 21:29:49 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2363978968 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364042432 2022-10-31 23:32:41 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364042432 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364042477 2022-10-31 23:32:46 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364042477 Newark Public Schools Demographics info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364043340 2022-10-31 23:34:12 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364043340 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364045490 2022-10-31 23:37:43 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364045490 Logo of the Citizens' Councils, a Southern organization founded in Mississippi in direct response to the Brown V. Board of Education ruling. The organization spread across the Delta, working against integration. info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364048116 https://mshistorynow.mdah.ms.gov/issue/the-citizens-council]]> 2022-10-31 23:41:58 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364048116 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364060336 2022-11-01 00:00:11 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364060336 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364060586 2022-11-01 00:00:34 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364060586 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364061845 2022-11-01 00:02:34 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364061845 An ad for the LINQ Address Authenticator (disguised as an article) info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364065475 2022-11-01 00:05:50 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364065475 Racism In America- Short Documentary from 1950 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364080905 This video features interviews with average White people responding to integration.]]> 2022-11-01 00:18:40 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364080905 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364083230 2022-11-01 00:20:21 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364083230 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364084851 2022-11-01 00:22:09 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364084851 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364087877 Newark Mapped by Ethnicity- 1911]]> 2022-11-01 00:25:50 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364087877 The synagogue fight info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364100610 2022-11-01 00:34:46 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364100610 Synagogue prostest info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364101066 2022-11-01 00:35:11 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364101066 Steer Clear of Steering info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364110326 2022-11-01 00:43:13 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364110326 Zones of Choice- LAUSD info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364112289 2022-11-01 00:45:09 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364112289 Zoning info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364112555 2022-11-01 00:45:24 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364112555 Can Your Child Go To School Outside Their District?- US News info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364117907 2022-11-01 00:50:55 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364117907 Old First Ward Newark- 1950s info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364120201 2022-11-01 00:53:17 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364120201 How School Districts Find Residency Fraud info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364124332 2022-11-01 00:57:20 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364124332 Many Public Schools Aren't Public info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364125398 2022-11-01 00:58:23 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364125398 Newark "Riots" 1967 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364128331 2022-11-01 01:01:16 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364128331 Overview of the history leading to the unrest in 1967 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364133178 2022-11-01 01:05:34 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364133178 Dog Whistle info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364172184 A choice of words, coded communication, or other symbolic aspect of self-presentation that is superficially unobjectionable or neutral but conveys a secondary message aimed at those who affiliate with a controversial group or fringe ideology, usually signaling one’s own affinity for such beliefs.]]> 2022-11-01 01:33:41 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364172184 Microaggression info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364173596 A term used for commonplace daily verbal, behavioral or environmental slights, that communicate biased, hostile, derogatory, or negative attitudes toward stigmatized or culturally marginalized groups. ]]> 2022-11-01 01:34:51 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364173596 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364176701 One of the main differences between a microaggression and a dog whistle is the intended audience. Microaggressions are aimed directly at marginalized people. Dog whistles, however, speak directly to the dogs they're intended for. ]]> 2022-11-01 01:37:31 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364176701 Interactive Map: Segregation Continues to Be NJ’s State of the State info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364184885 2022-11-01 01:44:49 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364184885 The Legacy of Redlining- NJ.com info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364189767 2022-11-01 01:49:18 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364189767 Districting and Redistricting info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364198329 2022-11-01 01:55:53 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2364198329 Calandra's Bakery info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2365503510 2022-11-01 19:24:01 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2365503510 Pizelle info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368927680 2022-11-03 18:02:09 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368927680 Pronunciation info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368931298 2022-11-03 18:04:39 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368931298 What was your inspiration to write this play? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368933202 2022-11-03 18:06:02 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368933202 What was it like to write a play with 2 Black women at the center? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368933842 2022-11-03 18:06:23 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368933842 Why this play now? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368934198 2022-11-03 18:06:37 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368934198 Was there was an event in or around 2009/ 2010 that inspired this story? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368935055 2022-11-03 18:07:16 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368935055 Why Newark? Why New Jersey? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368936104 We know that these issues exist around the country, but what is about Newark and New Jersey that makes it a ripe location for this story?]]> 2022-11-03 18:08:02 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368936104 In your opinion: Integration or Segration? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368937614 In the tradition of many other Black plays, this play deals with a central issue in the Black community around integration and whether or not it is a good thing. ]]> 2022-11-03 18:09:03 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368937614 This play was written in 2014. Do you think this issue of residency fraud as gotten better or worse over the past 8 years? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368938137 2022-11-03 18:09:27 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368938137 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368983663 2022-11-03 18:40:49 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368983663 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368985175 2022-11-03 18:41:58 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368985175 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368986008 2022-11-03 18:42:34 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368986008 What is your hope for Beverly and Denitra's future? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368986945 2022-11-03 18:43:17 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368986945 What do you want the audience to take away from this play? info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368987547 2022-11-03 18:43:40 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2368987547 Pronunciation of "Weequahic" info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2369007155 2022-11-03 18:58:41 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2369007155 Chapter 1: Notes on Surveillance Studies, Through the Door of No Return info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709139627 2023-09-18 16:13:51 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709139627 Epilogue: When Blackness Enters the Frame info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709139902 2023-09-18 16:14:02 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709139902 Dark Matters: On the Surveillance of Blackness by Simone Browne info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709147762 2023-09-18 16:19:01 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709147762 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709152690 2023-09-18 16:21:42 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709152690 "Embodying Black Experience: Stillness, Critical Memory and the Black Body" by Harvey Young info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709152969 2023-09-18 16:21:51 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709152969 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709153202 "It is not that all black people have the same experience; it is, rather, that a remarkable similarity, a repetition with a difference, exists among embodied black experiences. Unlike other studies that interrogate the lived realities and social performances of black folk, the emphasis here is not on the scalar differences that separate one person from another but on those moments of experiential overlap that frequently create common and, perhaps, shared understandings among black folk of the similar ways in which they are viewed and treated is not that all black people have the same experience; it is, rather, that a remarkable similarity, a repetition with a difference, exists among embodied black experiences. Unlike other studies that interrogate the lived realities and social performances of black folk, the emphasis here is not on the scalar differences that separate one person from another but on those moments of experiential overlap that frequently create common and, perhaps, shared understandings among black folk of the similar ways in which they are viewed and treated."

Young, Harvey. Embodying Black Experience (Theater: Theory/Text/Performance) (p. 5). University of Michigan Press. Kindle Edition. 

]]> 2023-09-18 16:22:00 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709153202 Double Consciousness info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709153998 2023-09-18 16:22:29 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709153998 info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709200746
Scholars have for some time commented upon the peculiar use of the
word ‘‘signifying’’ in black discourse. Though sharing some connotations
with the standard English-language word, ‘‘signifying’’ has rather unique
definitions in black discourse. Roger D. Abrahams defines it as follows:
Signifying seems to be a Negro term, in use if not in origin. It can mean any
of a number of things; in the case of the toast about the signifying monkey, it
certainly refers to the trickster’s ability to talk with great innuendo, to carp,
cajole, needle, and lie. It can mean in other instances the propensity to talk
around a subject, never quite coming to the point. It can mean making fun of
a person or situation. Also it can denote speaking with the hands and eyes,
and in this respect encompasses a whole complex of expressions and gestures. Thus it is signifying to stir up a fight between neighbors by telling
stories; it is signifying to make fun of a policeman by parodying his motions
behind his back; it is signifying to ask for a piece of cake by saying, ‘‘my
brother needs a piece of cake.’’∫
Essentially, Abrahams concludes, signifying is a ‘‘technique of indirect argument or persuasion,’’ ‘‘a language of implication,’’ ‘‘to imply, goad, beg,
boast, by indirect verbal or gestural means.’’ ]]> 2023-09-18 16:51:04 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709200746 Signifying is a trope in which are subsumed several other rhetorical tropes, including metaphor, metonymy, synecdoche, and irony (the master tropes), and also hyperbole and litotes, and metalepsis (Bloom’s supplement to Burke). To this list we could easily add aporia, chiasmus, and catechesis, all of which are used in the ritual of signifying. info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709265822 Metaphor: a figure of speech in which a word or phrase is applied to an object or action to which it is not literally applicable. (Drowning in work)

Metonymy: a figure of speech in which a concept is referred to by the name of something closely associated with that thing or concept. (referring to the entire financial instition of America as simply "Wall Street")

Synecdoche: a figure of speech in which a part is made to represent the whole or vice versa (mouths in "hungry mouths to feed"; and wheels referring to a car.

Irony (the master tropes): the expression of one's meaning by using language that normally signifies the opposite, typically for humorous or emphatic effect. (don't everybody get up at once- when nobody has stood up)

Hyperbole: exaggerated statements or claims not meant to be taken literally. (I could eat a horse)

Litotes: ironic understatement in which an affirmative is expressed by the negative of its contrary (you won't be sorry meaning you will be glad)

Metalepsis: a figure of speech in which a word or a phrase from figurative speech is used in a new context. ("I've got to catch the worm tomorrow." from the common phrase "The early bird catches the worm" )

Aporia: an expression of real or pretended doubt or uncertainty especially for rhetorical effect (I am at no loss for information about you and your family; but I am at a loss where to begin)

Chiasmus:  a two-part sentence or phrase, where the second part is a reversal of the first. (“When the going gets tough, the tough get going”)

Catachresis:  a semantic misuse or error, also the name given to many different types of figures of speech in which a word or phrase is being applied in a way that significantly departs from conventional (or traditional) usage. (Mow the beard, Shave the grass)]]> 2023-09-18 17:29:50 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709265822 Alexis' Playlist! info8261 https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709499788 2023-09-18 20:18:00 UTC https://padlet.com/info8261/m3o43gcz8hd2epvu/wish/2709499788