• UN Number: 2468

• Chemical Name: Trichloroisocyanuric Acid, Dry

• Hazard Class: 5.1 (Oxidizer)

• Placard Appearance: Yellow background with a flame over a circle symbol and the number 5.1 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air. Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult. Seek immediate medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Seek medical help for persistent irritation.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. Get medical attention immediately.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek medical assistance.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Trichloroisocyanuric Acid is an oxidizer, meaning it can intensify fires.

• Reacts violently with flammable materials, acids, ammonia, and reducing agents.

• Decomposes in water, releasing toxic chlorine gas, which can be hazardous in enclosed spaces.

• Contact with organic materials can cause combustion or explosion.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Firefighting: Use large amounts of water to cool and dilute, but avoid direct water contact with spilled material, as it may release chlorine gas.

• Evacuation: If a significant spill occurs, evacuate the area due to toxic gas release risks.

• PPE Requirements: Responders should wear full protective gear and SCBA to prevent inhalation of toxic fumes.

• Storage & Handling: Keep away from organic materials, acids, and moisture to prevent hazardous reactions.

• UN Number: 1866

• Chemical Name: Resin Solution

• Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)

• Placard Appearance: Red background with a flame symbol and the number 3 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen. Seek medical attention if symptoms persist.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing. Wash the affected area with soap and water. Seek medical help if irritation persists.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. Get medical attention immediately.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek medical help immediately.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Resin Solutions are classified as flammable liquids, meaning they ignite easily and can sustain fires.

• Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air and may travel to ignition sources.

• Some resin solutions contain toxic solvents, posing inhalation risks.

• Prolonged exposure can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Firefighting: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers; avoid using water directly on spills.

• Evacuation: If a large spill occurs, evacuate the area due to fire and inhalation risks.

• PPE Requirements: Emergency responders should wear fire-resistant clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, and SCBA to prevent inhalation of toxic vapors.

• Ventilation: Ensure proper ventilation in confined spaces to prevent vapor buildup and explosion risks.

• UN Number: 1963

• Chemical Name: Helium, Refrigerated Liquid

• Hazard Class: 2.2 (Non-Flammable Gas)

• Placard Appearance: Green background with a white gas cylinder symbol and the number 2.2 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, administer oxygen and seek medical attention.

• Skin Contact (Frostbite Risk): If contact with liquid helium occurs, do not rub the affected area. Immerse in lukewarm water (not hot) and seek medical help.

• Eye Contact: If exposed to the cold gas or liquid, flush eyes with lukewarm water and seek immediate medical attention.

• Ingestion: Not applicable—helium is a gas at standard conditions.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Helium is a non-flammable, cryogenic gas that can cause frostbite upon contact with skin.

• In enclosed spaces, it can displace oxygen, leading to asphyxiation without warning.

• Although it does not burn, rapid expansion or pressure buildup in containers can cause explosions if not properly vented.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Ventilation: In confined spaces, responders must ensure proper ventilation to prevent asphyxiation.

• Cryogenic Burns: Protective gloves and face shields are necessary when handling liquid helium to prevent frostbite injuries.

• Container Handling: Pressurized tanks must be secured and stored upright to prevent accidental release.

• Evacuation: Generally, no large-scale evacuation is needed unless in an oxygen-deficient environment or if a tank ruptures.

• UN Number: 1824

• Chemical Name: Sodium Hydroxide Solution

• Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)

• Placard Appearance: White background with a black symbol depicting liquid spilling on a hand and a surface, and the number 8 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. Provide oxygen if breathing is difficult and seek medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse skin with copious amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical help for burns.

• Eye Contact: Immediately flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. Seek emergency medical attention.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical attention.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Sodium hydroxide solution is highly corrosive and can cause severe burns to skin, eyes, and respiratory tissues.

• It reacts violently with acids and can generate heat when mixed with water, leading to potential thermal burns.

• Inhalation of mist or vapors can cause lung damage and breathing difficulties.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Evacuation: If a large spill occurs, responders may establish a hazard zone to prevent exposure to fumes and splashes.

• PPE Requirements: Emergency personnel should wear chemical-resistant suits, gloves, face shields, and respiratory protection (SCBA in high-exposure areas).

• Neutralization: Spills may be neutralized with a weak acid like diluted vinegar, but this should only be done by trained personnel.

• Containment: Prevent the substance from reaching waterways, as it can cause environmental damage by altering pH levels.

• UN Number: 1170

• Chemical Name: Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)

• Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)

• Placard Appearance: Red background with a black flame symbol and the number 3 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Seek medical help if irritation persists.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes while holding eyelids open. Seek medical attention if irritation continues.

• Ingestion: Rinse mouth with water. Do not induce vomiting. Seek medical help immediately.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Ethanol is a highly flammable liquid that easily ignites and burns with an almost invisible flame.

• Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air and may travel to ignition sources.

• Prolonged exposure can cause dizziness, drowsiness, and respiratory irritation.

• In high concentrations, ethanol acts as a central nervous system depressant, leading to potential poisoning.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Firefighting: Use alcohol-resistant foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers; avoid using water jets, as they may spread the fire.

• Evacuation: If a large spill occurs, responders may need to establish an exclusion zone due to fire and explosion risks.

• PPE Requirements: Responders should wear fire-resistant clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, and SCBA to avoid inhalation of vapors.

• Storage Considerations: Ethanol must be stored in well-ventilated areas away from heat, sparks, and open flames.

• UN Number: 1203

• Chemical Name: Gasoline

• Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)

• Placard Appearance: Red background with a black flame symbol and the number 3 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash skin thoroughly with soap and water. Seek medical help if irritation or burns develop.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids to ensure full irrigation. Seek medical attention.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical attention.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Gasoline is a highly flammable liquid that easily ignites and burns rapidly.

• Vapors are heavier than air and can travel to ignition sources, leading to flash fires.

• Exposure to gasoline vapors can cause dizziness, drowsiness, headaches, and respiratory irritation.

• Direct skin contact can cause chemical burns and dermatitis with prolonged exposure.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Firefighting: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers; avoid using water jets, as they may spread the fire.

• Evacuation: If a large spill occurs, responders may establish an exclusion zone due to fire and explosion risks.

• PPE Requirements: Emergency responders should wear fire-resistant clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, and SCBA to avoid inhalation of vapors.

• Storage Considerations: Gasoline must be stored in approved containers in well-ventilated areas away from heat, sparks, and open flames.

• UN Number: 1993

• Chemical Name: Flammable Liquid, possible including substances such as Diesel Fuel, Gasoline Blends, or Solvents

• Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)

• Placard Appearance: Red background with a black flame symbol and the number 3 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash the affected area with soap and water. If irritation persists, seek medical help.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids to ensure full irrigation. Seek medical attention.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical attention.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Flammable Liquid, N.O.S. refers to various petroleum-based fuels and solvents that ignite easily.

• Vapors can form explosive mixtures with air and may travel to ignition sources, causing flash fires.

• Some substances under this classification may contain toxic components, leading to respiratory irritation, dizziness, nausea, and long-term health effects with prolonged exposure.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Firefighting: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers; avoid using water jets, as they may spread the fire.

• Evacuation: If a large spill occurs, responders may establish an exclusion zone due to fire and explosion risks.

• PPE Requirements: Emergency personnel should wear fire-resistant clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, and SCBA to avoid inhalation of toxic vapors.

• Storage Considerations: Must be stored in well-ventilated areas away from heat, sparks, and open flames.

• UN Number: 3266

• Chemical Name: Corrosive Liquid, Basic, Inorganic, N.O.S. (Not Otherwise Specified) – Examples include Potassium Hydroxide Solution, Sodium Metasilicate Solution

• Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)

• Placard Appearance: White background with a black symbol depicting liquid spilling on a hand and a surface, and the number 8 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with large amounts of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention for burns.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring the eyelids are held open. Seek immediate medical attention.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical help.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Corrosive Liquids in this category are strong bases that can cause severe burns to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system.

• Contact with metals may generate flammable hydrogen gas, creating an explosion hazard.

• Inhalation of vapors or mist may result in severe respiratory irritation and lung damage.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Evacuation: Affected areas may require isolation to prevent exposure to corrosive fumes and spills.

• PPE Requirements: Responders must wear chemical-resistant suits, gloves, face shields, and SCBA when handling spills.

• Neutralization: Spills should be neutralized with weak acids (such as diluted vinegar), but only by trained personnel.

• Containment: Prevent spills from reaching waterways, as they can cause severe environmental damage by altering pH levels.

• UN Number: 1863

• Chemical Name: Petroleum Distillates, possibly mineral spirits, naphtha, or kerosene

• Hazard Class: 3 (Flammable Liquid)

• Placard Appearance: Red background with a black flame symbol and the number 3 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and wash the skin with soap and water. Seek medical help if irritation or burns occur.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids to ensure full irrigation. Seek medical attention if irritation persists.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical attention.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Petroleum distillates are flammable liquids that can ignite easily and cause severe fires.

• Vapors are heavier than air and can travel long distances, creating potential ignition sources.

• Inhalation of vapors can cause dizziness, nausea, headaches, and respiratory irritation.

• Prolonged exposure can result in central nervous system depression (e.g., dizziness, drowsiness).

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Firefighting: Use foam, dry chemical, or CO₂ extinguishers; avoid using water jets, as they may spread the fire.

• Evacuation: If a large spill occurs, responders should establish an exclusion zone due to fire and explosion risks.

• PPE Requirements: Emergency responders should wear fire-resistant clothing, chemical-resistant gloves, and SCBA to prevent inhalation of harmful vapors.

• Storage Considerations: Petroleum distillates must be stored in well-ventilated areas, away from heat, sparks, and open flames to prevent fire hazards.

• UN Number: 3267

• Chemical Name: Corrosive Liquid, Basic, Inorganic, possibly including Sodium Hydroxide Solution or other strong inorganic bases

• Hazard Class: 8 (Corrosive Substances)

• Placard Appearance: White background with a black symbol depicting liquid spilling on a hand and a surface, and the number 8 below.

First Aid Steps:

• Inhalation: Move the victim to fresh air immediately. If breathing is difficult, provide oxygen and seek immediate medical attention.

• Skin Contact: Remove contaminated clothing and rinse the affected area with plenty of water for at least 15 minutes. Seek medical attention for chemical burns.

• Eye Contact: Flush eyes with water for at least 15 minutes, ensuring the eyelids are held open. Seek immediate medical help.

• Ingestion: Do not induce vomiting. Rinse mouth with water and seek immediate medical assistance.

Hazard Class Explanation:

• Corrosive Liquids, Basic, Inorganic are strong bases that can cause severe damage to the skin, eyes, and respiratory system upon contact.

• They react violently with acids to release heat, posing additional risks.

• Inhalation of mist or vapors can cause severe respiratory distress and lung damage.

• This classification includes substances like sodium hydroxide that can cause severe chemical burns.

Real-World Application for Emergency Response:

• Evacuation: If a large spill occurs, evacuate the area immediately and establish an exclusion zone to prevent exposure to corrosive fumes and splashes.

• PPE Requirements: Emergency responders must wear chemical-resistant suits, gloves, face shields, and SCBA (self-contained breathing apparatus) to avoid exposure to harmful vapors and to protect against direct contact.

• Neutralization: Spills may require neutralization with a weak acid, but this should only be handled by trained personnel.

• Containment: Prevent the material from reaching water sources due to the risk of significant environmental damage from its high pH.