https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve SIK in San Francisco en-us 2017-05-03 16:13:00 UTC 2017-05-05 16:15:10 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet-assets.s3.amazonaws.com/icons/Brightnessdown.png ipena5279 https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/169980996 Food irradiation: A food safety technology designed to eliminate disease-causing germs from foods. Treating food with ionizing radiation can kill bacteria and parasites that would otherwise cause foodborne disease.]]> 2017-05-04 16:03:24 UTC https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/169980996 ipena5279 https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/169983850 There are three different types of facilities for this process: Cobalt 60 Gamma Facility, Electronic Beam, X-Ray Facility]]> 2017-05-04 16:13:18 UTC https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/169983850 ipena5279 https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/169987516 This facility is the most common use of ionizing energy. This radioactive material is contained in two sealed stainless steel tubes (one inside the other - double encapsulated) called "source pencils." These are placed in a rack and the entire rack is immersed in a water chamber underground when not in use. When irradiation takes place, the rack is raised. Packaged food products move along the conveyer belt and enter an inner room where they are exposed to the rack containing source pencils. Energy in the form of gamma rays (or photons) pass through the encapsulation and treat the food. ]]> 2017-05-04 16:24:52 UTC https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/169987516 ipena5279 https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/170214883 Ionizing radiation can be measured using units of electron volts, ergs, and joules. The electron volt is a unit of energy associated with moving electrons around. An electron is “tightly bound” in a hydrogen atom (one proton and one electron). It takes energy to move this electron away from the proton. It takes 13.6 electron-volts of energy to move this electron completely away from the proton. We say then that the atom is “ionized.” In the jargon, the “ionization energy” of the tightly bound electron in hydrogen is 13.6 electron volts.]]> 2017-05-05 15:58:13 UTC https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/170214883 ipena5279 https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/170217581 · Irradiation damages food by breaking up molecules and creating free radicals. The free radicals kill some bacteria, but they also bounce around in the food, damage vitamins and enzymes, and combine with existing chemicals (like pesticides) in the food to form new chemicals, called unique radiolytic products (URPs). 
· Some of these URPs are known toxins (benzene, formaldehyde, lipid peroxides) and some are unique to irradiated foods. Scientists have not studied the long-term effect of these new chemicals in our diet. Therefore, we cannot assume they are safe. 
· Irradiated foods can lose 5%-80% of many vitamins (A, C, E, K and B complex). The amount of loss depends on the dose of irradiation and the length of storage time. 
· Most of the food in the American diet is already approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for irradiation: beef, pork, lamb, poultry, wheat, wheat flour, vegetables, fruits, shell eggs, seeds for sprouting, spices, herb teas. (Dairy is already pasteurized). A food industry petition currently before the FDA asks for approval for luncheon meats, salad bar items, sprouts, fresh juices and frozen foods. Another petition before the USDA asks for approval for imported fruits and vegetables.
· Irradiation damages the natural digestive enzymes found in raw foods. This means the body has to work harder to digest them. 
· If unlabeled, raw foods that have been irradiated look like fresh foods, but nutritionally they are like cooked foods, with decreased vitamins and enzymes. The FDA allows these foods to be labeled "fresh."
· Irradiated fats tend to become rancid. 
· When high-energy electron beams are used, trace amounts of radioactivity may be created in the food]]> 2017-05-05 16:09:28 UTC https://padlet.com/ipena5279/ltu1fo4ubrve/wish/170217581