History Of The Musical by Evie Rodenbaugh

"The Problem With History Class"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-12 03:39:36 UTC

"Perhaps Fisher offers the nation an opportunity to divorce, once and for all, memory from history. History may be an attempt to memorialize and preserve the past, but it is not memory; memories can serve as primary sources, but they do not stand alone as history. A history is essentially a collection of memories, analyzed and reduced into meaningful conclusions—but that collection depends on the memories chosen." (The Problem With History Class, The Atlantic)
This brings up the fascinating idea that truth can be subjective; truth can often be separated from fact. Which "facts" about history are undeniable? Which "facts" are extrapolated from a modern day look at personal accounts only drawn from a small pool of individuals who had thoughts and feelings on those "facts"? Which "facts" have been clouded by hindsight?
Not to go too deep here, but this reminds me of the argument on how to interpret The Bible. I, myself, can be a very analytical person. I can also be a very doubtful person. This creates an interesting dynamic when one grows up with religion tied so deeply to their accepted culture. When approaching The Bible critically rather than personally, we must look at a few essential things:
-Who wrote this book?
-Who was it written to?
-Was the author trying to convince the audience? Inform the audience?
-What biases did the author have? God may be omnipotent, but He did not write The Bible--humans did.
-How many times has this book been translated? By whom? When?
-What biases might have influenced the translator's result?
-Plus a million more!!
At the end of the day, no work done by a human is perfect. But should it be? Is studying the history surrounding research of a historical event just as important as studying the event itself?

"Just as there is a plurality of memories, so, too, is there a plurality of histories."

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-12 03:39:54 UTC

"It is time to shift the focus to the struggle itself. Conflict does not necessarily demand a resolution."

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-12 03:40:11 UTC

"While the most recent critiques of 'Hamilton' have focused on race, some scholars have also noted that it's an odd moment for the public to embrace an unabashed elitist who liked big banks, mistrusted the masses and at one point called for a monarchal presidency and a Senate that served for life." (Hamilton and History: Are They in Sync?)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-12 03:45:00 UTC

"R.B. Bernstein, a historian at City College of New York who has written extensively about Jefferson, credited 'Hamilton' with keeping the subject of slavery simmering underneath its jam-packed story. But race and slavery, he added, were not the only important, or timely, aspects of the show."

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-12 03:52:37 UTC

Simmering is a good way to put it. Not every piece of art or literature is meant to touch on every subject. Where is the line of appropriately addressing a topic that isn't the main idea of the show? On one hand, addressing slavery in "Hamilton" on a larger scale could muddy up the cohesive storyline of the already lengthy musical. On the other hand, addressing slavery as little as possible would be deceitful about the reality of that time period while also ignoring one of the most prominent messages of the show: racial equality and representation. How much muddies up the show vs. how little leaves this gaping, problematic hole in the story being told?

thinking about how much i hate ron desantis

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-12 03:55:33 UTC

"More specifically, Hamilton is a fanfic of Chernow’s biography of Alexander Hamilton, and more generally of US history itself" (Hamilton is fanfic, Vox).

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-13 18:43:40 UTC

I appreciate the clarification, but should people really be allowed to change canon when it reflects real life events that are still impacting our political/social landscape today?

I didn't realize I had such mixed feelings about fanfiction!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-13 18:45:53 UTC

Is establishing a perfect, rigid understanding of what a piece of art is worth stifling creativity?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-13 18:48:36 UTC

"Whose rebellion is valued? Who is allowed to be heroic through defiance? … Violence is only acceptable in the hands of white people; revolution is only okay when the people leading the charge are white … Hamilton is not really about the founding fathers. It’s not really about the American Revolution. The revolution, and Hamilton’s life are the narrative subject, but its purpose is not to romanticize real American history: rather, it is to reclaim the narrative of America for people of colour … If you’re watching/listening to Hamilton and then going out and romanticizing the real founding fathers/American revolutionaries, you’re missing the entire point."

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-13 18:52:07 UTC

"The chief issue here — that Peter Stone, who wrote 1776’s book, compresses time and characters — is exactly the same technique that Miranda uses to accomplish similar aims in his musical. Except in this review of 1776, the technique is seen not as a detractor or a flaw but as an asset: Immediately after the paragraph cited above, Gold adds, 'The beauty of history is that we can keep rewriting it.'

It’s not until the Times sets out to explicitly compare Hamilton and 1776, in 2016, that the phrase 'historical inaccuracies' is associated with 1776 — perhaps, primarily, so that it can be associated with Hamilton. The Times sees fit to point out that the "founding fathers did not engage in rap battles," as if that somehow makes Hamilton more historically inauthentic than a 1776 that has the Continental Congress singing and dancing and rhyming words with 'Connecticut.'"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-13 18:59:19 UTC

We can take moral lessons from historical musicals, but not necessarily history lessons. And I think that's okay.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-21 20:46:36 UTC

I have not read this article yet, but I'm interested in looking into Porgy and Bess in relation to the Cold War.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-21 20:50:51 UTC

"Rethinking Political Correctness" (Harvard Business Review)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-21 20:55:35 UTC

"Our work suggests that high-quality relationships cannot be mandated. Sensitivity training and zero-tolerance policies at best impart some useful cultural knowledge or indicate that a company is serious about eliminating bias. At worst, such practices undermine relationships by reinforcing a restrictive and fearful atmosphere. Those to whom corrective actions are directed—men and whites, for example—walk on eggshells for fear of unwittingly transgressing the rules of political correctness."

Times Square, New York Pre-Lion King

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-21 21:20:17 UTC

Musicals make you think, feel, and react.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-21 21:28:39 UTC

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-22 01:33:19 UTC

“The musical theatre is America’s mythology, a chronicle not just of America’s times, people, and events, but even more of America’s dreams, legends, national mood, politics, and its extraordinary muscle and resilience.” –Scott Miller, Strike Up the Band

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-22 01:34:12 UTC

Mythos of Spring

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 20:36:29 UTC

about fate is like gender reversed mythos of spring

Titus Andronicus

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 20:41:10 UTC

I'm currently reading Titus Andronicus for my Shakespeare class. It's considered Shakespeare's first and worst tragedy. The play is based on Roman literary sources. I personally prefer Greek plays over Shakespeare any day. Maybe that speaks to the fact that musicals are typically more digestible to most people than straight plays.

Dafne: The First Opera in History

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 20:43:32 UTC

The Tale of Orpheus and Eurydice Lives On

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 20:45:19 UTC

“Cause, here’s the thing:
To know how it ends
And still begin to sing it again
As if it might turn out this time
I learned that from a friend of mine.”
What makes the tale of Orpheus and Eurydice so poignant that it has been retold in opera, musicals, movies, etc.? Greek tragedies provide us with an emblem of raw, human emotion that transcends time and place.

The Last Castrati

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 20:50:17 UTC

A Beginner's Guide to Opera Genres

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 20:54:39 UTC

"If you ask someone to describe ‘opera’, usually the words drama and tragedy come to mind."
Perhaps this is because elitism permeates our history?

rulers watching the operas that they commissioned like

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 20:55:47 UTC

Colorblind Casting in Opera

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 21:02:59 UTC

when/how did being a triple threat become so important to musical theatre???

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 21:10:24 UTC

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 21:21:12 UTC

La Fanciulla del West: Puccini

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 21:34:25 UTC

I found a way to stream the entirety of this opera in high quality through PBS!

Leontyne Price: The First Critically Acclaimed African American Soprano

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-23 21:39:27 UTC

The Castrati: A dark corner in music history

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-24 00:17:16 UTC

if musical theatre is so personal and SO American why do we often stress that all singers have a similar "correct" sound?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-25 01:50:39 UTC

"I have come to the conclusion that the ''pure'' sound that classically trained American singers strive for is essentially Eurocentric. It tethers opera to European traditions and denies our cultural mongrelism. American singers should feel free to borrow, trade, absorb and reject any cultural influences that come their way." (I Sing of America's Mongrel Culture)

“What is Musical Theatre’s responsibility in this unique moment in America’s cultural history?"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-25 02:03:25 UTC

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-25 02:06:09 UTC

“Art is art – it has to speak on its own terms. If you’re lucky, the art you create resonates in the world and speaks to the way the planet is turning, but I don’t think you can write about the Trump Age unless you write the stuff that’s inside you – if you’re writing what your heart and head are feeling, then you’re writing the right thing. Musical theatre doesn’t have any ‘responsibility,’ it just is; an audience has a responsibility to be open to whatever the Art has to say, and to bring themselves fully to the work at hand.” (Jason Robert Brown).

"You may take a totally different conclusion from Hamilton than I do, based on your ideology and your politics and your life experience, but we all sat in a room together and we watched the same thing, and that doesn't happen anymore" (LMM).

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-25 02:13:19 UTC

H.M.S. Pinafore highlights the difference between an American operetta and a European opera

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-26 23:27:47 UTC

europeans in the 1800s watching tragedies that they knew would end in death and horror

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-27 00:05:04 UTC

Explore the Jim Crow Museum of Racist Imagery Virtually

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:12:37 UTC

"What turned out to be the true gold for Virginia was tobacco."

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:13:03 UTC

puritans still exist btw

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:13:14 UTC

Huh, It's Almost Like Theatre Isn't Very Accessible To Rural Communities!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:13:36 UTC

Living in a city gives people both access to commerce and diversity. Commerce allows you to save time because you don't have to work to be self sufficient. Diverse communities inspire new stories. Living in a city inspires art.

virginia and maryland were the only colonies that never had laws prohibiting play acting!!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:14:14 UTC

"The Tempest: An Opera" (Smith) Full Libretto

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:14:45 UTC

The First Jukebox Musicals: Ballad Operas!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:14:56 UTC

"Ballad opera, characteristic English type of comic opera, originating in the 18th century and featuring farcical or extravaganza plots. The music was mainly confined to songs interspersed in spoken dialogue. Such operas at first used ballads or folk songs to which new words were adapted; later, tunes were borrowed from popular operas, or music was occasionally newly composed.

One of the earliest and the most famous of ballad operas is The Beggar’s Opera (1728), which is at once a spoof on Italian serious opera and a satire on the morality of contemporary politicians. Its text is by John Gay, with music adapted by John Pepusch. It had many imitators. Other composers adapting or writing music for ballad operas included Thomas Arne, Charles Dibdin, Stephen Storace, and, in the 19th century, Sir Henry Bishop." (Britannica).

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:15:03 UTC

"The Beggar’s Opera, a ballad opera in three acts by John Gay, performed at Lincoln’s Inn Fields Theatre, London, in 1728 and published in the same year. The work combines comedy and political satire in prose interspersed with songs set to contemporary and traditional English, Irish, Scottish, and French tunes. In it, Gay portrays the lives of a group of thieves and prostitutes in 18th-century London...Gay caricatures the government, fashionable society, marriage, and Italian operatic style. Particularly evident are parallels made between the moral degeneracy of the opera’s protagonists and contemporary highborn society" (Britannica).

"Flora: Or A Hob In The Well" The First Opera in America; Charleston, 1735

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:15:07 UTC

"The Disappointment: Or, the Force of Credulity" Adler, 1767

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:15:11 UTC

This opera was American written, and very obviously made fun of political figures. It was shutdown before it even opened. But, with it we get "Yankee Doodle"!

Adapted from "The Beggar's Opera"!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:15:18 UTC

The Old American Company was the first touring theatre group in America. Here's a flyer from 1787!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:15:24 UTC

america looooves a bunch of stuff all at once! consumerism!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:15:40 UTC

1774: The Continental Congress Bans Theatre (and cockfighting)!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:16:04 UTC

"We will, in our several stations, promote economy, frugality and industry, and promote agriculture, arts and the manufacturer of this country, especially that of wool; wnd we will discountenance and discourage every species of extravagance and dissipation, especially all horse-racing, all kinds of gaming, cock-fighting, exhibitions of shows, plays and other expensive diversions and entertainments."

my dad saw the last legal cockfight in missouri. he's very proud.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:16:08 UTC

TIL; St. Pope John Paul II was an anti-communist, underground thespian.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:16:26 UTC

Washington permitted soldiers to put on plays to boost morale: CONTINENTAL CONGRESS MAD!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:16:42 UTC

"Whereas frequenting play houses and theatrical entertainments has a fatal tendency to divert the minds of the people from a due attention to teh means necessary for the defense of their country, and the preservation of their liberties: resolved, that any person holding an office under the US, who shall act, promote, encourage or attend such plays, shall be deemed unworthy to hold such office, and shall be accordingly dismissed."

Rice Theatre: Chicago's First, 1847

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:16:50 UTC

A timeline of Rice Theatre through journalism.

1807: The First Steamboat!!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:16:58 UTC

This leads us to showboats!

Hippodrama Emerges

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:17:04 UTC

i love the idea of flooding a theater just to put on a play ab pirates

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:17:13 UTC

some stereotypes draw from truths as a way to understand each other easily, but they lead to harmful caricatures

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:17:47 UTC

We Begin to Encounter Nativistic Stock Characters

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:17:53 UTC

Early American Theatre Styles and Their Connections

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:18:06 UTC

black artistry is the only truly american art form bc wtf even is white culture

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:18:23 UTC

American theatre during the revolution created the British villain trope that we still see today

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:18:28 UTC

Class Conflict and Police Brutality: Has America Really Changed?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:18:35 UTC

The Astor Place Riot of 1849 displays issues America just can't seem to shake--all surrounded by the context of Shakespeare.

Takeaways from H.M.S. Pinafore

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:18:54 UTC

At the end of the opera class is upheld, but classism is not abolished.

To British audiences this proves the point that class IS important.

To American audiences this proves the point that class is NOT important.

The Foundation of America is Built Upon Religious Radicalism

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 01:41:06 UTC

"It’s true that America was shaped by extreme religious movements. Every November, we celebrate the seventeenth-century Puritans who arrived at our shore seeking religious liberty. We tend to forget that these Puritans weren’t oppressed because they were religious; they were oppressed because they were fanatics. They fled Europe to build a 'city upon a hill,' a new and 'primitive' Church in which equality reigned and private property was abolished. Their land reform failed, but their exceptionalism remains a vital layer of the American bedrock. As Morris writes, 'the impulse to purify the group through separation from mainstream society, now regarded as the signature of a cult, could not be more fundamental to the nation’s history.'"

"The Thriving Theatre of Colonial America"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 02:21:22 UTC

A Brief Overview

Rice Theatre

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-29 02:34:48 UTC

1860 Missouri Slave Census

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-30 23:48:16 UTC

I'm having a lot of thoughts.

"Little Dixie"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-08-31 00:22:19 UTC

My entire family is from Ralls, Marion, Pike, and Audrain County. I took community college classes through a school in Randolph County. My father and sister's alma mater is in Boone County. My grandmother owns a quilt made by slaves that we have been trying to figure out what to do with forever. My uncle found shackles in his basement when he first moved into his house. My grandmother told me stories of going to the candy store after school and buying handfuls of "N***** Babies"--black gummies in the shape of an infant. Brazil Nuts were called "N**** Toes", my neighbors fly confederate flags, my entire job centers around discussing a man who wrote one of the most controversial novels in the discussion surrounding book bans in schools (The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn). Parts of my culture are inseparable from the enslaved people that they were built upon.
I struggle with this. The disdain I have felt for my background conflicts with the immense love I have for my home. How can the people I cherish in the place that I love not understand that it isn't okay to say the n-word even if its in a song, that it's not okay to say that white lives matter, that Aunt Jemima is a racist caricature? I once had a man explain it to me like this: imagine that your culture, your identity, your treasured memories are a big ball of yarn. When someone tugs on that string--tugs on the ideas and customs that have foundationally built your ball of yarn--it can feel like your whole ball of yarn is falling apart. It could even just be a single fiber of yarn, but it can feel like a structural threat to your ball of yarn.
Now, do we reconcile problematic people, concepts, and behaviors simply because tearing them down makes them feel threatened? Hell, no! But can we seek to educate, advocate, and change other people's minds by introducing concepts in a mindful and impactful way. Fuck, yes! In order to dismantle racism as a construct we must show others that yarn can always be rewound.

TIL that Egyptians immigrating through Ellis Island were considered white.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 17:55:40 UTC

"The leading French scientist of the 18th century, Georges Cuvier, considered the Egyptians to be Caucasian, and it was with Cuvier that Augustus Granville sided in the dissection and first scientific autopsy of an ancient Egyptian mummy in 1825. Another early example of the controversy is an article published in The New-England Magazine of October 1833, where the authors dispute a claim that 'Herodotus was given as authority for their being negroes.' They point out with reference to tomb paintings: 'It may be observed that the complexion of the men is invariably red, that of the women yellow; but neither of them can be said to have anything in their physiognomy at all resembling the Negro countenance.'

In 1839, Jean-François Champollion suggested that: 'In the Copts of Egypt, we do not find any of the characteristic features of the ancient Egyptian population. The Copts are the result of crossbreeding with all the nations that successfully dominated Egypt. It is wrong to seek in them the principal features of the old race'"
(Wikipedia, Ancient Egyptian race controversy).

The First 80 Years of Slavery

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:01:21 UTC

Civil War Timeline

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:03:35 UTC

1820s/1830s: Minstrelsy Begins

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:06:18 UTC

Jim Crow Timeline

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:08:16 UTC

Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade Estimates

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:09:15 UTC

The African Grove Theater served as both a creative outlet and safe space for African Americans 1816-1823

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:12:48 UTC

The theater drew lots of negative attention as white theaters would pay people to start fights in front so that the cops would show up and cause a scene. This led to its closure in 1823

Map of the Lower East Side showing anti-abolitionist vs abolitionist attacks/riots

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:19:37 UTC

White men would dress in blackface to attack black people in their churches, on the streets at night, or during celebrations.

Thomas D. Rice and the Creation of Jim Crow (1828)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:23:06 UTC

Laws for enslaved Americans included that they were not allowed to cross their feet while dancing, creating this shuffle dance. Thomas D. Rice saw a man shuffling and wanted to put it in his show that night. He bought the man's clothes off of him, put on black face, and performed the dance that night as Jim Crow. Notice the imagery used in the photo above. This stock character became so popular that laws were named after it.

Tappan Riot 1834

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:26:32 UTC

"Four thousand rioters descended on the Bowery Theatre to avenge an anti-American remark made by George P. Farren, the theatre's English-born stage manager and an abolitionist: 'Damn the Yankees; they are a damn set of jackasses and fit to be gulled.' He had also fired an American actor. Pro-slavery activists had posted handbills around New York that recounted Farren's actions.

A production of Metamora was in progress as part of a benefit for Farren. Manager Thomas S. Hamblin and actor Edwin Forrest tried to calm the rioters, who demanded Farren's apology and called for the deportation of blacks. The riot was apparently quelled when Farren had the American flag displayed, and blackface performer George Washington Dixon performed 'Yankee Doodle' and the minstrel song 'Z** C**n', which made fun of a Northern black dandy. The mayor addressed the crowd, followed by Dixon. The mob gradually dispersed."

George Washington Creates a New Stock Character (1834)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:29:22 UTC

Don't forget: women made costumes for the minstrel shows

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:29:42 UTC

Daniel Emmett and the Virginia Minstrels

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:30:31 UTC

Stephen Foster and Christy's Minstrels

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:31:55 UTC

Stephen Foster's Oh Susanna

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:32:57 UTC

Stephen Foster's Camptown Races

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:33:55 UTC

Minstrel Show from 1913

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:35:26 UTC

Bill Wayne Portraying Thomas D. Rice's Jim Crow (1941)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-02 18:37:10 UTC

Childish Gambino Mimicks the Faces and Movements of Minstrel Characters in "This Is America"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 20:53:33 UTC

The Gullah Culture

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 20:53:43 UTC

"The Gullah Geechee people are descendants of Africans who were enslaved on the rice, indigo and Sea Island cotton plantations of the lower Atlantic coast. Many came from the rice-growing region of West Africa. The nature of their enslavement on isolated island and coastal plantations created a unique culture with deep African retentions that are clearly visible in the Gullah Geechee people’s distinctive arts, crafts, foodways, music, and language.

Gullah Geechee is a unique, creole language spoken in the coastal areas of North Carolina, South Carolina, Georgia and Florida. The Gullah Geechee language began as a simplified form of communication among people who spoke many different languages including European slave traders, slave owners and diverse, African ethnic groups. The vocabulary and grammatical roots come from African and European languages. It is the only distinctly, African creole language in the United States and it has influenced traditional Southern vocabulary and speech patterns."

Huck Finn

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 20:53:53 UTC

I talk about Huck Finn almost daily at work, and despite it's controversy nationwide most Hannibalians are on the same page. Mark Twain intentionally wrote in and exaggerated language from world that surrounded him. Huck Finn is a PERIOD PIECE. By the time Mark Twain wrote the novel, he had already married into an abolitionist family where his views of what was "normal" shifted. I think this article does a good job of expressing how Mark Twain uses the tale of Huckleberry Finn and Jim to satirize the all-too-common American tendency to not even notice the extremely problematic world around us.

KKK Rally in my Hometown: 1982

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 20:54:09 UTC

My dad WATCHED this rally from a hilltop with his great grandmother. He obviously did not participate, but my family new that they would bring chaos and spectacle and were curious as to what it would look like. Reading this article is proof that we are NOT far removed at all!!

Minstrelsy has Co-Opted What "Blackness" Means to Americans

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 20:54:18 UTC

Jim Crow Ideals Permeate America into Today Through Racist Laws Disguised as Methods to Protect and Enforce Justice

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:00:46 UTC

A Reminder to Read "The Wages of Whiteness"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:01:46 UTC

shift from farm life to industrial life didn't make people racist--it just revealed tendencies they already had

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:04:47 UTC

We talked a lot in class about how transitioning from rural to urban life was difficult for farmers during the industrial revolution. We primarily touched on going from a more flexible and slow-paced lifestyle to a very fast paced structured lifestyle--switching from being your own boss to having a boss. We, however, didn't touch on how moving to an urban area from a rural area ALSO strips you of your privacy, your space, and your connection to nature. I grew up with a lot of privacy and space to live my life in connection with nature. Moving to Cape Girardeau, I can rarely find a moment where I can live my life without worrying about someone walking past or a moment where I can feel safe just sleeping out in the grass. While farm life is seen as more simplistic and slow-paced I would argue that it is not any less stressful than urban life--we simply have more space for stress relief. Rural folks moving to urban areas didn't stress them out so much that they reverted to racist pastimes. It stripped them of their typical stress-relief methods, so they did the only thing they could do both back home and in town: be racist.

white people projected their insecurities onto black people

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:06:44 UTC

White people have the horrible fear of suddenly not being the majority. To preserve this power, they project their own faults onto minority groups to villainize them. Humans have a tendency to be over-critical of personality traits they they are insecure about having. For instance, I absolutely hate when people are selfish because I work EXTREMELY hard to fight my own selfish tendencies. What I DON'T do, however, is project these insecurities upon an entire group of people as a way to delegitimize their humanity.

“They must not have a job because theyre lazy” NO because they couldn’t get a fucking job bc they are black

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:07:27 UTC

The same talking points are being used against unhoused today. In order to get a job you have to do an interview. How does a homeless person get there with no car? How do they make a good impression when they can't shower or put on a fancy suit? Okay, but what if they do get the job. How will they keep their personal belongings safe while they're working? How can they cash their paychecks when you need a home address to open a bank account? There are so many factors that WE as a society and nation impose upon the underprivileged, and then turn around to villainize them.

“The minstrel showgoers were themselves consumed by the struggle for success and by fears of cultural inferiority…[projecting] white male anxieties onto blackface characters.”

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:07:49 UTC

Whiteness Theory

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:10:56 UTC

Easier to prove that you're not black than it is to prove that you’re white--that's minstrelsey!

white institutions would put on minstrel shows to raise money: profiting from a co-opted culture that they don't support

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:11:03 UTC

When discussing this topic, Josh Neighbors turned to me and said, "I think thats why tuition rates are still so low...."

How Racist Humor Goes Deeper Than "Just a Joke"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:17:01 UTC

"People in the in-group are laughing at the out-group, but it’s supposed to be OK because it’s 'all in good fun.' That is the essence of privilege: 'This joke isn’t harming me, so it’s not harmful at all.'"

Plessy v Ferguson

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:17:13 UTC

The Lion's Club and Minstrelsy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:19:21 UTC

Learning that Lion's Clubs used to frequently host minstrel shows is another way I discovered how my life isn't far removed from the "tradition". Every single 4-H meeting I went to as a child was held at our local Lion's Club. 2024 marks the 100 year anniversary of the New London Lions. Here's a direct quote from their website, "Other early projects of the club included minstrel shows, snowmobile races, fish boils, community auctions, light bulb sales, and community birthday calendars."

everyone has a bottom line

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-06 21:36:29 UTC

Literally as I was entering Padlets I got a notification about this article

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-07 17:45:48 UTC

Intersecting Axes of Privilege, Domination, and Oppression

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-07 18:27:44 UTC

Still Separate, but....Equal? hmmmm

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-07 21:24:12 UTC

Hannibal is still largely segregated. Black communities stick together for power in numbers and due to socioeconomic factors. Listed below are the 5 elementary schools in the Hannibal School District, their minority population (not ALL african-american, but primarily), and the percentage of students that get free and reduced lunch. Notice any patterns?
Mark Twain Elementary: 18% 52%
Veterans 24% 59%
Oakwood 6% 36%
Stowell 11% 64%
Eugene Field 35% 86%
https://www.publicschoolreview.com/missouri/hannibal-60-school-district/2913650-school-district
https://www.niche.com/k12/d/hannibal-school-district-mo/

Bob Cole

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:42:35 UTC

“We are going to have our own shows. We are going to write them ourselves. We are going to have our own stage manager, our own orchestra leader and our own manager out front to count up. No divided house–our race must be seated from the boxes back.” -Colored Actor’s Declaration 1898

a trip to c**ntown

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:43:25 UTC

First all black "musical"
Bob Cole wore whiteface

Original Sheet Music to The Wedding of the Chinee and the Coon

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:43:34 UTC

Bert Williams and George Walker

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:47:42 UTC

In Dahomey--The First Full Length Musical Written By Black People to Perform on Broadway

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:50:05 UTC

"Mr. Cellophane" from Chicago and Bert Williams' "Nobody"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:51:51 UTC

Historical Population By Race New Orleans

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:53:20 UTC

Congo Square

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:55:01 UTC

In 1724, a law was passed saying that enslaved people had Sunday's off. Slaves used this day to gather and share culture through music. Almost a century later, they were forced to restrict their singing, dancing, and celebrating to a specific area--Congo Square. Their music relied heavily upon syncopated rhythms and is the origin of almost all modern music.

Habanera Rhythm

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:56:55 UTC

As Cuban ferries came through New Orleans' port, Cuban music merged with African drums. It became popularized in the 1850s. There are three variations of this rhythm. Here is a video showing off habanera!

the birth of american music came through a convergence of black and hispanic cultural music

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 20:59:57 UTC

The Origins of Cake Walks

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:02:04 UTC

Louisiana Creole People

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:04:02 UTC

Wealthy educated french men had black wives/mistresses and they had mixed children. These mixed race children were given wealth and education of white men, but were not recognized as white. They were not accepted into either binary in the United States at the time. They were their own population, their own class. With the onset of Jim Crow, high class mixed race people were suddenly THRUST into being black or "not white" and facing the life that came with it.

Educated Creole People Notating Black Music

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:04:08 UTC

When previous upperclass Creole people who were forced to live their lives as a minority for the first time, they encountered black musicians who played in whorehouses and bars. The two cultures exchanged musical knowledge and musicians who could read and write helped notate the music of musicians who did not know how to.

Reconstruction Era

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:06:47 UTC

Hiram Revels: The First African American Congressman (1870)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:10:34 UTC

All C***s Look Alike To Me

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:12:27 UTC

Written by a black man starting the c-word song craze. Ernest Hogan later regretted writing and promoting the song.

Every Race Has a Flag but the C**n

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:14:23 UTC

Written by two white men, Heelan and Helf, as a distancing maneuver.

AAVE Words and Phrases

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:15:33 UTC

Brass Bands

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:21:37 UTC

Ragtime vs Brass Bands

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:22:33 UTC

Storyville, New Orleans

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:23:45 UTC

Many Ragtime and soon-to-be jazz artists got their start providing entertainment for "customers" at whorehouses. The best of the best played in this red light district.

jazz and jizz!!!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:28:33 UTC

"The reason the party atmosphere in New Orleans is important to the beginning of jazz is that it generated so much work for musicians. There was so much demand for live music that there was a continuous need for fresh material. This caused musicians to stretch styles. They blended, salvaged, and continuously revised odd assortments of approaches of material.

This ultimately became jazz."
--Mark Gridley, Jazz S tyles: H istory and Analysis

there were negative attitudes toward jazz just as there still are towards rap

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:32:26 UTC

The Gilded Age

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:35:12 UTC

Once black people could farm their own cotton they were far better at it than the white man. Cotton prices tanked, and the South had a difficult time reconstructing.
White supremacists formed vigilante gangs.
13, 14, and 15th amendments had recently been passed.
Jim Crow begins and the government no longer wishes to protect the freedoms of formerly enslaved black people.

The Southern Redeemers

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:35:43 UTC

I've Been Working on the Railroad Origins

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:37:11 UTC

The Mississippi Delta--Home of the Blues

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:41:21 UTC

“What the Mississippi was to the rest of the country the delta was to the Mississippi. Though it makes up less than a sixth of the stats are, the delta accounted for over a third of the lynchings reported between 1900 and 1930.” -Elijah Wald

The Great Migration

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:41:26 UTC

Spread the blues to the north!

The Black Crook (1866): Thought to be the First Musical

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:42:27 UTC

Evangeline: Early Burlesque

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:45:58 UTC

Many people think of burlesque as strip shows, but they first started as parodies and satires.
"Evangeline" was produced for 30 years!

The Brook: Early Farce

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:47:01 UTC

"The Salisbury Troubadours brought their touring production of The Brook (1879) to Broadway, where it lasted a then-profitable six weeks. Several sources claim that The Brook contained the first seeds of modern musical comedy, but this is questionable. The plot involved two women and three men who go on a picnic via a short boat ride. Along with food, their picnic baskets produced the costumes and props for specialty numbers, turning the show into a vaudeville-style procession of acts. The songs were recycled from various sources." -Musicals101.com

A Trip to Chinatown: Early Musical Comedy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:48:31 UTC

"A Trip to Chinatown is a musical comedy in three acts with a book by Charles H. Hoyt, music by Percy Gaunt and lyrics by Hoyt....After almost a year of touring, the musical opened at Broadway’s Madison Square Theatre on November 9, 1891, and ran for 657 performances, or just short of two years. This was the longest-running Broadway musical in history up to that time (although London had seen a few longer runs), and it held that record until Irene in 1919. The show was such a hit that several road companies played it throughout the country simultaneously with the Broadway production, and at one point a second company was even opened in New York while the original company was still performing on Broadway."

The Chicago's World Fair Was a Mini City!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-11 21:51:00 UTC

The World's Fair featured:
Buffalo Bill, Zigfield, Walker and Williams meeting citizens of Da Homey, Tesla and his new electricity, Scott Joplin playing piano, and more!
Wrigley's Gum, Cream of Wheat, Pabtz Blue Ribbon Beer, Cracker Jacks, the zipper, the first penny press, the first dishwasher, and the first ferris wheel!
It was known as “The White City” as it featured lighting, sanitation, a police force, fire departments, etc. The Chicago World's Fair modeled these institutions and practices that were adapted for cities going forward!

Ragtime in 2 Minutes

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-13 03:28:06 UTC

H.H. Holmes: America's First Serial Killer

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 00:29:50 UTC

True Definition of Burlesque

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 00:34:33 UTC

literature : a literary or dramatic work that seeks to ridicule by means of grotesque exaggeration or comic imitation

Victorian Concept of Women

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 00:46:35 UTC

Much like the modern day, Freudian concept of whore vs. primadonna.
This turns into musical theatre trends of bad boy and good girl.

Fundamentalist Christianity Emerges

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 00:51:33 UTC

As a result of the deepening gulf between simple country living and hustle bustle city life, rural Christians assumed Fundamentalism as a way to simplify their interpretation of the Bible.

Timeline of American Burlesque

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:00:14 UTC

This timeline does a great job of showing surface level dates and photos, but doesn't explain the social relevance of the origins of burlesque.

Burlesque as a Subversion of the Women's Empowerment Movement

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:10:33 UTC

Burlesque took the idea of a woman's sexual agency, made it with self aware and propagated the idea. (Take the idea of being an actress and say FUCK YOU yeah i am! And i know what im doing!!) Nudity forcefully and playful called question to the “place” of the woman in American society and acted as a predecessor to the suffragette movement.

Laura Keene: The Powerful Female Show Director (she also was performing when Lincoln was assassinated lol tf)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:15:33 UTC

Lydia Thompson

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:21:45 UTC

"Some reporters went so far as to call the women immoral. Wilbur Storey, owner of The Chicago Times, had a significant amount of negative feedback for the women and labeled the women as “low and degrading.” In response, Thompson and her troupe went to Storey’s home and beat him with a horsewhip. The women were charged with assault, however the incident made audiences fall even more in love with the women and their performances. Shows were selling out even quicker and the women were benefiting from the increase in sales" (Covecollective.org).

Burlesque Show Framework

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:25:39 UTC

First Part

Dirty songs, vaudeville numbers

Second part

Olio
Male acts
Acrobats, etc

Third part

Satire or parody play: the “burlesque”

Women played mens roles in “drag” like a reversal of the castrati. They were proto-divas who new what they were doing and that sex could sell shows.

Cartes de Visites

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:28:30 UTC

Burlesque performers would leave visiting cards so audience members could recognize performers. This is what we would now call a pin-up girl through the medium of photography. It was also a way for women to assert dominance over men, but it was soon bastardized into a form of pornography.

Carte de Visite

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:29:26 UTC

How Burlesque Undermined Itself

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:33:35 UTC

Women's sexual liberation soon was co-opted by the male gaze, and burlesque continued to be looked down upon. Many women found liberation through burlesque, but outgrew the need for it as an art form. It was actually very third-wave feminism way before the world was ready for it. Discussions surrounding Gilded Age burlesque can also bring up modern day discussions surrounding whether or not sex work is actually feminist, or if it just reduces the feminine to outlets for the male gaze and capitalism.

Adah Isaacs Menken: The Original Non-Conformist

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:38:20 UTC

Blurred lines between onstage and offstage
One of the first women to take naked pictures
1861 played a Lord Byron type male character
Mezzepa
Strip down onstage to flesh colored bodysuit and strapped onto a live horse which ran off the stage
Rarely appeared onstage naked
Very possibly biracial from Louisiana, jewish
"Underlife no human has fathomed"
"Possessed of two souls one that lives on the surface of life one under the surface that is a mystery"
Twin soul--maybe gendernonconforming/nonbinary
Threatened all gender race and class construct barriers
Very famous lovers
- Walt Whitman, Charles Dickens

The Women's Suffragist Movement Undermined Burlesque

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:41:11 UTC

When pushing for the 19th amendment, women's suffragists wanted to appeal to the higher class. Since burlesque was looked down upon for being low-class, they did not seek to empower it at that time.

burlesque is no longer parodying social norms and values, but is more of a striptease

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:41:37 UTC

1937: Mayor Laguardia Kills Burlesque

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:42:25 UTC

The Ziefgeld Follies

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:47:09 UTC

Eugen Sandow: The Perfectly Sculpted Man

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:49:10 UTC

Sex sells!

Anna Held Gives Ziegfeld the Idea for The Follies

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:50:23 UTC

The Human Hourglass

Lillian Lorainne: A Dark Woman By The Light of the Silvery Moon

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:53:45 UTC

Fanny Brice: The Funny Girl

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:54:33 UTC

Billie Burke: A Good Witch or A Bad Bitch?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:55:35 UTC

Peggy Fears: From Glamor, to Poverty, to Lesbian

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-15 01:57:40 UTC

Native New Yorker

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:29:04 UTC

The Lenape Indigenous Tribe: The Native New Yorkers

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:35:28 UTC

Manhattan in the 16th Century

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:36:51 UTC

Lenape Map of Lower Manhattan

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:39:50 UTC

The Dutch and The Lenape Have Different Definitions of Land Ownership

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:41:47 UTC

"In 1626 Indians did everything by trade, and they did not believe that land could be privately owned, any more than could water, air, or sunlight. But they did believe in giving gifts for favors done. The Lenape—one of the tribes that lived on the island now known as Manhattan—interpreted the trade of goods as gifts given in appreciation for the right to share the land."

Wall Street Is On The Literal Wall

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:43:49 UTC

Brede Weg

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:50:43 UTC

"Broadway is the oldest thoroughfare in New York City and one of the oldest in the country. The street was originally an Indian thoroughfare called Wickquasgeck (Wick-kwas-geck), meaning “birch-bark country” and its route ran through the Bronx and Westchester to the north of present-day Albany. Under Dutch colonial rule, Broadway ran from Fort Amsterdam – the site of the Museum of the American Indian today – to Wall Street at the northern border of the colony. The Dutch name for the street was De Heere Straat which translates to “Gentleman’s Way,” but in the common vernacular, it was referred to as “brede weg,” or “broad road” since it was the widest street in New Amsterdam. The eventual English-translated name became Broadway. Under the British, the name of Fort Amsterdam at the southern end of Broadway was also changed. It became Fort James" (Untapped New York).

Google Maps NYC Grid x New Amsterdam Overlay

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:52:59 UTC

Brede Weg + Grid System = Large Open Squares

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:58:29 UTC

Times Square is simply the open square named for the New York Times. With increased rates of publications in this area, entertainers/producers flocked to this area to advertise for their shows.

NYC Was the Closest Port to Europe. Regularly Scheduled Transatlantic Travel Began in 1818

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 17:59:46 UTC

NYC Becomes a Colonial Power During the 7 Years War

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:01:27 UTC

PORT CITY BITCH

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:06:55 UTC

By 1797 New York starts taking on more export traffic than Philadelphia. With the emergence of the railroad, almost all train lines end in NYC. The convenience of the New York Port makes it the most powerful in the Nation for goods and services coming in and out of Europe. America's chief export was cotton.

Port cities all create large and diverse populations. By 1805, NYC was the most populated city in the United States and had more immigrants than Boston.
NYC was also the banking center of the country (thanks, Hamilton).

The American Bootstraps Myth is Possible in Early NYC!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:11:00 UTC

Upper classes were not as codified.

1895–NYC had 298 firm worth more than $1 million

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:12:52 UTC

1898--Five Boroughs of New York Become New York City

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:18:58 UTC

Much to the dismay of Brooklyn.

1869-1883: The Brooklyn Bridge

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:20:55 UTC

The bridge connecting Brooklyn to Manhattan creates opportunities for habitants to work in neighborhoods that they do not live in.

1903: First Airplane

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:23:09 UTC

This, along with newer and higher structures, allowed people to see the world from a higher perspective.

1903: Flatiron Building

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:24:03 UTC

One of the first buildings to use a steel skeleton.

1904 Inter-borough Rapid Transit Map

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:24:57 UTC

The Great White Way

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:26:01 UTC

Consumerism: The Rise of Macy's, Sears Roebuck, and Bloomingdales Cataloguing

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:29:33 UTC

"By 1910, most working-class families and every fourth household in England was a member of a consumer cooperative."

Railroad Companies Began Advertising NY Tourism

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:31:43 UTC

rural people will always have a disdain for the city

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-19 18:32:07 UTC

1/5 of American's Can Trace Their Heritage Back To The East Village of NYC

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 17:37:04 UTC

Black New Netherland

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 17:55:19 UTC

in 1827, slavery collapsed as an institution in NYC. This left 14,000 freed black people by 1830

Collect Pond

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:03:51 UTC

How fresh water turned into a landfill turned into housing for poor people.

5 Points

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:07:47 UTC

"While it’s perhaps fair to say that the Five Points fairly earned much of its notoriety, it’s important to note that the neighborhood’s reputation was also heavily influenced by the biases of the wealthy New Yorkers living uptown. The majority of the neighborhood’s residents were newly-emancipated African-Americans and impoverished Irish immigrants, populations that were both frequently discriminated against and banned from seeking high-paying jobs. At this point in history, it was very unusual for these groups to live together in such an integrated manner; in effect, the Five Points came to serve as one of the country’s first true “melting pots.” The city’s elite blamed much of the area’s crime and depravity on the intermingling of races and held up the Five Points as a warning of the dangers of interracial relationships."

Slumming Begins in the 1800s and Continues on Today

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:13:19 UTC

"This new form of amusement arrived to New York City from wealthy British tourists eager to compare slums abroad to those back home. Spreading across the coast to San Francisco, the practice creeped into city guide books. Groups wandered through neighborhoods like the Bowery or Five Points in New York to peer into brothels, saloons, and opium dens.

Visitors could hardly believe their eyes, and justifiably so."

Density of Natives of Ireland: 1900

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:27:05 UTC

The Irish were fleeing collapse from industrial revolution and potato famine in 1845-1849. In the 1840s, over half of the USA was Irish. They were generally persecuted, but were able to evolve economically and rise to a greater socio-economic status outside of the Lower East Side.

Density of Distribution of the Natives of the Germanic Nations: 1890

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:29:43 UTC

5 million german immigrants moved into little Germany in NYC. In 1847 alone, 53,000 Germans immigrated through Ellis Island.

The Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882 Prohibits All Immigration of Asian Laborers for 10 Years

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:34:23 UTC

"[A]s Chinese laborers grew successful in the United States, a number of them became entrepreneurs in their own right. As the numbers of Chinese laborers increased, so did the strength of anti-Chinese sentiment among other workers in the American economy. This finally resulted in legislation that aimed to limit future immigration of Chinese workers to the United States, and threatened to sour diplomatic relations between the United States and China."
*Chinese was just used as an umbrella term for all asians*

1890: Harrison Makes Ellis Island The Designated Entry Point for Immigrants

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:36:46 UTC

1880-1920: 2 million people immigrated through NYC

1892-1954: 12 million people came through Ellis Island

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:37:39 UTC

Video Timeline of Population Distribution By City Size, 1790-1890

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:39:54 UTC

In 1840, 9/10 people lived in rural environments.
By the 1880s, 8/10 people lived in cities.

Tenements of the Lower East Side: Explore

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:40:54 UTC

Assimilation Funnel

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:43:07 UTC

Immigrants are funneled (assimilated) into enculturation (proving they're American).

Ellis island wouldn’t let in sick people, “unintelligent” people, and others who would need more assistance: dont drain public funds (pre-eugenic)
Changing of last names (spelling and pronunciation)
No Homogenous white culture = no clue of what the narrative is, so it has to be simple and surface level

Weber and Fields

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-21 18:46:25 UTC

Fields also had 3 children who were also very successful in the entertainment industry.

Act Structure of Vaudeville

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:38:02 UTC

Act 1: Dumb Act
- Overture
- Silly–acrobats or animals
- As people are being seated
Act 2: Test Act
- New acts that people are trying out to see how audiences like them
Act 3: Flash Act
- Magician esque
Act 4: Momentum Act
- Keeps action going to get us to headliner
Act 5: Headliner
- Fanny brice, houdini, etc
Intermission
(repeat of form)
Act 1: Dumb Act
Act 2: Test Act
Act 3: Flash Act
Act 4: Headliner
Act 5: The Haircut Act
- Someone purposefully bad/boring
- They wanted people to leave so they could reset the theatre

This Brought Me Immense Joy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:38:40 UTC

"Get the Hook" Originates from Bad Vaudeville Acts

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:41:58 UTC

Assimilation and the Stereotype Solution

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:43:58 UTC

People start by dressing as their type and making fun of their culture, but that enables other people to portray that same stereotype
Ethnic stereotypes provided a pleasurable way to look at a different race without feeling uncomfortable, but the shorthand is extremely harmful

Tony Pastor

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:45:59 UTC

"In addition to being a renowned singer and performer, Tony Pastor’s career as a theater manager was unparalleled in success and longevity. He changed the reputation of variety theater from a lower-class, bawdy form of entertainment into a respectable, wholesome show."

The Great American Melting Pot

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:47:00 UTC

Oscar Hammerstein I: Donald Trump Asf Lowkey

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:53:38 UTC

Willie Hammerstein

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:55:42 UTC

The Diversity Paradox

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 17:57:33 UTC

James Cagney as George Cohan

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:01:46 UTC

Celebrated street smarts
Created a speech style of singing
Aggressive, brash
Stereotypical yankee
Songs were simple and glorified the commoner
Not interested in European complexity
Bigger middle class of university educated people who could spend money on entertainment
Used patriotism and slang to speak to common people
Celebrated new immigrants and new first born americans
A lot of his musicals were anti-British

The Grand Old Rag: George M. Cohan

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:02:30 UTC

Little Johnny Jones: 1904 Musical Comedy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:03:22 UTC

Musical Comedy of the 1900s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:05:53 UTC

Musical comedies at this time are the same story in various guises. The songs often don't have anything to do with story and plots fit into a color by numbers type skeleton.

The Triangle Shirtwaist Factory Fire of 1911

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:07:16 UTC

1917: 2 Billion Copies of Sheet Music Sold Out of Tin Pan Alley

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:10:07 UTC

How Capitalism Impacts Art

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:11:05 UTC

Country Music is a Solidified Genre Because It Was Born From A Solidified Culture--Poverty

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:13:24 UTC

The National WWI Museum and Memorial Online Exhibits

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:15:01 UTC

Teddy Roosevelt and Americanism Led to the Death of Vaudeville

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:15:53 UTC

“There is no room in this country for hyphenated Americanism…German-Americans, Irish-Americans, English-Americans, French-Americans, Scandinavian-Americans, or Italian-Americans. There is no such thing as a hyphenated American who is a good American. The only man who is a good American is the man who is an American and nothing else...Any discrimination against aliens is a wrong, for it tends to put the immigrant at a disadvantage and to cause him to feel bitterness and resentment during the very years when he should be preparing himself for American citizenship. If an American is not fit to become a citizen, he should not be allowed to come here. If he is fit, he should be given all the rights to earn his own livelihood, and to better himself, that any man can have.”

The Princess Musicals: Integrating Song and Story

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-26 18:18:44 UTC

"It’s said that the physical limitations of the Princess Theatre made the writing team focus on story and character due to the fact that there was no room, literally, for big effects, massive musical numbers or lavish settings. The Princess was a wonderful incubator for three talented men and it helped to focus the energies of the creators on elements that had been secondary in musical comedy, namely a solid story, cogent plot and motivated characters."

Jerome Kern

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 01:42:27 UTC

Elisabeth Marbury

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 01:52:29 UTC

"Elisabeth Marbury (June 19, 1856 – January 22, 1933)^[1] was a pioneering American theatrical and literary agent and producer who helped shape business methods of the modern commercial theater, and encouraged women to enter that industry. Since 1892, Marbury had been living openly in a lesbian relationship with of Elsie de Wolfe (later known as Lady Mendl), a prominent socialite and famous interior decorator."

Bolton, Wodehouse, and Kern

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 01:55:27 UTC

Silent Parades

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 02:00:41 UTC

"The Negro Silent Protest Parade, commonly known as the Silent Parade, was a silent march of about 10,000 African Americans along Fifth Avenue starting at 57th Street in New York City on July 28, 1917. The event was organized by the NAACP, church, and community leaders to protest violence directed towards African Americans, such as recent lynchings in Waco and Memphis. The parade was precipitated by the East St. Louis riots in May and July 1917 where at least 40 black people were killed by white mobs, in part touched off by a labor dispute where blacks were used for strike breaking."

Actor's Equity: Theatre as a Collective

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 02:01:59 UTC

The Roaring 20s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 02:05:03 UTC

Flappers bent gender and dancing became more integrated into shows.
Prohibition promoted speakeasy culture which impacted the gay community.
There was a big economic boom after WWI leaving the country with excess money.

Cinderella Plays: Musical Comedy 1919-1924

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 02:09:28 UTC

Cinderella plays were often superficial with plenty of dancing, but featured women as the center of the plot. Cinderella plays opened the doors for dramatic theatre by addressing social mobility and class distinction.

Al Jolson: Can We Understand Why Jewish People Did Blackface?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 02:11:05 UTC

The Death of Vaudeville

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 02:12:11 UTC

"The great financial depression of the 1930s and the growth of radio and later of television contributed to the rapid decline of vaudeville and to its virtual disappearance after World War II." -Britannica

The Gershwin Brothers: A Timeline

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:10:27 UTC

"George and Ira Gershwin will always be remembered as the songwriting team whose voice was synonymous with the sounds and style of the Jazz Age"

“In Praise of ‘Jazz,’ a Futurist Word Which Has Just Joined the Language”, 1913

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:12:04 UTC

“JAZZ…can be defined, but it cannot be synonymized. If there were another word that exactly expressed the meaning of “jaz”, “jazz” would never have been born….This remarkable and satisfactory-soudning word, however, means something like life, vigor, energy, effervescence of spirit, joy, pep, magnetism, verve, virility, ebulliency, courage, happiness – oh, what’s the use?--JAZZ.”

The Fundamentals of Jazz: Syncopation, Blues, and Improvisation

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:13:42 UTC

Praise Houses

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:17:39 UTC

“One of the most significant influences on slave life here was religion, which was illustrated by the development and use of praise houses on the plantation. Praise houses were generally small frame houses, often an elder slave’s cabin, in which the slaves held meetings, worship services, and praise services. The services were typified by singing, prayer, and the ‘shout,’ which was a song accompanied by vigorous hand-clapping and dancing.”
Many African slaves were forced into Christianity, but did not want to follow the rigid rules of the religion. Praise houses provided a space of their own to intertwine the white man's religion with their own spiritual practices.

The Ring Shout

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:19:01 UTC

"These basic elements of ring shout—dance, calls, cries, and hollers; blue notes; call-and-response; and strong rhythmic aspects—are still alive and expressed today in this music. Improvisation remains an essential element. From the cakewalk of the 1890s to breaking in the 2000s, to dancing and shouting at black churches every Sunday, ring shout is still present and still evolving today."

COCA COLA LIGHT COCA COLA NORMAL Y COCA COLA Z Z Z Z Z ZEROOOOOOOOOO

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:20:22 UTC

The Birth of 'Rhapsody in Blue'

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:22:24 UTC

Paul Whiteman: An Experiment in Modern Music

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:23:46 UTC

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:25:48 UTC

“I do not know whether Gershwin was born into this world to write rhythms for Fred Astaire’s feet or whether Fred Astaire was born into this world to show how the Gershwin music should really be danced.” — Alexander Woollcott

Lady Be Good Trailer

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:26:48 UTC

A List of Rodgers and Hart Musicals

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-09-28 16:28:56 UTC

Rebirth of the KKK

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:00:01 UTC

The Trial of Leo Frank

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:26:19 UTC

I read this whole thing and it was fascinating.

The Birth of a Nation: 1915

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:32:26 UTC

This silent epic glorified and made heroes of KKK members who were represented as finding evils of a "hyper-animalistic and sexualized" black man trying to rape a white woman.
President Wilson loved this movie and did a private showing at the white house, legitimizing the movie to the wider audience.

The Harlem Renaissance

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:34:15 UTC

Shuffle Along: "It's Getting Dark on Old Broadway"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:39:04 UTC

Sundown Towns by State

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:40:30 UTC

Missouri has a big concentration of sundown towns in the Southwest, whereas it's largest slave populations were along the Missouri river. Curious.

The KKK Marching at the Capitol: August 1925

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:41:49 UTC

Anna, Illinois

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:42:46 UTC

Tulsa Race Massacre: 1921

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:47:03 UTC

Successful parts of urban, black Tulsa are sabotaged and bombed by airplanes. Black Americans are refused the right to economic prosperity.

Jerome Kern

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:49:21 UTC

A great American songwriter known for his work on Showboat.

Oscar Hammerstein II

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:55:04 UTC

Set the bar for lyrics and book working together dramatically.

Otto Harbach: Hammerstein's Mentor

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 01:56:36 UTC

"Harbach believed that music, lyrics, and story should be closely connected, and, as Oscar Hammerstein II's mentor, he encouraged Hammerstein to write musicals in this manner." -Discography of American Historical Recordings

Kern and Hammerstein Adapt "Show Boat" for the Stage

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 02:03:22 UTC

"'Show Boat' was a testament to the courage of composer Jerome Kern, lyricist and librettist Oscar Hammerstein II, and producer Florenz Ziegfeld. In an era of 'willful nonsense,' they attempted a complicated musical narrative epic with challenging themes and many storylines. It was the first time that serious black and white characters held the stage together as equals." -PBS

Show Boat: "Really Nice People Who Are Really Bad at Performing"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 02:04:17 UTC

Culture on the Mississippi

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 02:08:53 UTC

“Show Boat’s action occurs in two spheres of existence: the natural world of the Mississippi River and the artificial, man-made world of American culture. The natural world protects and comforts. The man-made world destabilizes.” -Ethan Mordden

Showboat Achievements

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 02:10:36 UTC

Set historic context and critically examined it (was not concerned about being/sounding fresh, but critically self-examined American history)
Observant, not naive
First musical play
Musical language specific to characters
Realistic dialogue and musical styles
Mixed operetta, revue, and musical comedy
Motivic repetition and integration

Kit Kat Club Girls x Show Boat

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 02:12:16 UTC

Was Showboat a Racist Show or a Show About Racism?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 02:14:06 UTC

Positive

Original novel was anti racism
Was written with paul robeson in mind
Was the first integrated musical ever
Showed the bigotry of miscegenation laws
Appreciation of n-gro spiritual/sorrow song style
Opening number: instead of chorus girls in tights, a sympathetic portrayal of the hardships of african americans
“Ol’ man river:” “the black race was given an anthem to honor its misery that had teh authority of an authentic spiritual.”
Black characters serve as greek chorus

Negative

Used racial slurs (opening number)
Used fake, minstrel language
“Ol man river;” “the black race was given an anthem to honor its misery that had the authority of an authentic spiritual.”
Queenie was originally played by Tess gardella. A white actress in blackface
Julie always originally by a white actress
Used minstrel stereotypes
Appropriation of n-gro spiritual/sorrow song style used for white profit
Black characters serve no function to the plot, save julie, who sacrifices her own career for a white character (direction dependent)

Can't Help Loving That Man

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-03 02:15:54 UTC

October 9, 1929: Stock Market Crashes

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 17:42:25 UTC

New York was the center of economics. The lack of federal economic strength caused banks to quite literally run out of physical money.
In 1933, 15-16 million people in the U.S. were unemployed.

A Great Article about Cultural Expression and Popular Culture during the Great Depression

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 17:48:04 UTC

Dust Bowl Ballads, Woody Guthrie

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 17:51:26 UTC

Digital Public Library Exhibit on American Theater during the Great Depression

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 17:53:35 UTC

"The Great Depression had an enormous impact on theatre across the United States. Productions decreased dramatically, audiences shrank, and talented writers, performers, and directors fled the industry to find work in Hollywood. But despite adversity, the show went on. The public construction projects of the Works Progress Administration built new theaters in cities across America. The Federal Theatre Project was established to fund theatre and performances across the country providing work to unemployed artists. This influx of new artists had transformed the industry, opening theatre to new voices, themes, and audiences. This exhibition explores these Depression-era changes and their impact on American theater."

The Golden Age of Hollywood

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 17:59:25 UTC

Frequently [people] sought meaning and escape in the same movie....This period was lovingly known as 'The Golden Age of Hollywood'.

The 1930s were an era that brought about the advancement of film, both technically and with the establishment of specific types of film 'genres.'"

Stipulations of the Hays Code

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:06:39 UTC

How the Federal Art Project Translates to the Modern Artistic Professional

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:10:16 UTC

Of Thee I Sing was the First Musical to win a Pulitzer Prize

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:15:07 UTC

The Pulitzer Prize was originally a prize for literature, meaning that the Kaufman, Ryskind, and Ira Gershwin were awarded the prize--not George Gershwin. Ira refused to go, but George insisted that he accept the award. George was later awarded a posthumous award in 90s.

How Politics are Addressed in Musicals

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:22:14 UTC

Of Thee I Sing was the first musical with liberal politics and social awareness. Its satire specifically targets KKK rhetoric and the "old farts" of government. This show started a wave of political satire.

Ethel Merman: I Got Rhythm, 1937

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:23:12 UTC

Cole Porter's Last Words Were: "I don't know how I did it."

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:36:18 UTC

Porter was born in Indiana in 1891 as the grandson of wealthiest man in the state. His mother pushed him into instrumental music, but was highly intelligent/skilled at academics. Porter went to Yale where majored in english and minored in music and french--he even brought his own piano with him. In college, he wrote around 300 musical theatre songs. He went on to attend Harvard Law School, but secretly switched his master's degree to music against his father's wishes.
Porter married Linda Thomas, a descendent of Robert E. Lee in 1919. They were soulmates, but their marriage quickly because Cole Porter was gay as fuckkkkkkk!
After a horse riding accident in 1937 where he broke both legs, Porter became a recluse and alcoholic. He had a multitude of affairs with men, pushed away his wife, and practically fell off the face of the earth.

Anything Goes (1934)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:40:39 UTC

Anything Goes was a satire of rich people and evangelical culture.
"The original plot involved a bomb threat, a shipwreck, and human trafficking on a desert island, but, just a few weeks before the show was due to open, a fire on board the passenger ship SS Morro Castle caused the deaths of 138 passengers and crew members. According to one version, Freedley judged that to proceed with a show on a similar subject would be in dubious taste, and he insisted on changes to the script. However, theatre historian Lee Davis maintains that Freedley wanted the script changed because it was 'a hopeless mess'."

Irving Berlin: Face the Music: THE ACAB MUSICAL

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 18:41:57 UTC

Isn't It Romantic? from Love Me Tonight Directed by Rouben Mamoulian

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 20:37:20 UTC

This scene is INCREDIBLE!!!! The director used his experience in opera to integrate song and story. This clip also shows off how film is beginning to use more complex and engaging techniques.

Rodgers and Hart Emerge

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 20:38:46 UTC

Love Me Tonight (1932)
Jumbo (1935)
I’d Rather Be RIght (1937)
Babes in Arms (1937)
The Boys from Syracuse (1938)
Pal Joey (1940)

George Gershwin Dies, Leaving Ira Behind (1937)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 20:48:47 UTC

The Cradle Will Rock (1937)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-05 20:57:32 UTC

"Cradle, with its edgy political relevance and catchy pop-style music, seemed like the perfect fit. However, the Federal Theater Project was already taking heavy criticism for the nature of some of the more radical productions it had been sponsoring, and under the guise of budget cuts they shut down the production four days before it was scheduled to open. The theater was locked up and placed under guard...the actors’ union informed them that the actors could not appear on any stage not sanctioned by the Federal Theater Project. Next, the musicians’ union informed them that with the move to another theater they would have to pay the musicians their full rate instead of the reduced FTP rate, as well as back pay for previous rehearsals, and they would also have to hire more musicians to comply with standard Broadway contracts. On top of this, the theatrical company had no access to their costumes, props, and set pieces, since the theater was under lock and key."

Pre-Code Movie Clips

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-06 00:30:55 UTC

Pre-Cody Betty Boop: She Smacks Her Ass

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-06 00:32:16 UTC

PBS Showboat

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-07 22:51:31 UTC

The Creation of Oklahoma! and Opening Nigth

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 00:40:36 UTC

Gene Kelly in Pal Joey (1940)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 00:47:07 UTC

Pal Joey was the first musical about an anti hero it was bawdy and risque. All about sex!!

Musical Trends/Attributes of the Rodgers and Hammerstein Partnership

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 00:50:47 UTC

The waltz
- In a way that wasnt just associated w european romance
The love duet
- Conditional love song
The “exotic” tune
- Chinese american music
- His own version of dreamy asian music
- “Sounds exotic”
- Less thoughtful and authentic than it should be
- Different types of harmonies and melodies to represent other groups of people
The dance tune
- Farmers and cowhands
- Songs for dancing
- comedic/flirty
- American energy and drive
The uplifting hymn
- Climb evry mountain
- Youll never walk alone

How Rodgers and Hart's Partnership Disintegrated

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:00:15 UTC

Lawrence Langner

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:03:29 UTC

"Lawrence Langner (1890 – 1962) was a playwright, author, and producer who also pursued a career as a patent attorney. Born near Swansea, South Wales and working most of his life in the United States, he started his career as one of the founders of the Washington Square Players troupe in 1914. In 1919 he founded the Theatre Guild, where he supervised over 200 productions."

Theresa Helburn

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:05:26 UTC

"Called the 'Top Man' on Broadway' by the New York Woman, Theresa Helburn created a venue for great American playwrights as director of the Theatre Guild and played a key role in the history of the modern American musical. Helburn studied playwriting at Radcliffe and the Sorbonne and worked as a drama critic for The Nation before becoming executive director of the newly formed Theatre Guild in 1919, which she ran for over forty years. She was responsible for putting Richard Rodgers, Oscar Hammerstein II, and Agnes De Mille to work on adapting Lynn Riggs’s novel into the wildly successful Oklahoma! in 1943. While she wrote plays of her own throughout the 1920s, Helburn is most remembered for the many ways she furthered the talents of others."

Green Grow the Lilacs becomes Oklahoma!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:06:47 UTC

Oh, What a Beautiful Mornin' Lyrics x Green Grow the Lilacs Stage Directions

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:09:06 UTC

"It is a radiant summer morning several years ago, the kind of morning which, enveloping the shapes of the earth–men, cattle in the meadow, blades of young corn, streams–makes them seem to exist now for the first time, their images giving off a visible golden emanation that is partly true and partly a trick of the imagination, focusing to keep alive a loveliness that may pass away."

Rodgers and Hammerstein: In Their Own Words

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:10:43 UTC

An excellent video where Rodgers and Hammerstein recollect their partnership

Oklahoma! Changes the Structure of Musical Theatre

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:14:24 UTC

Book, Lyrics, then Music: Intentionality Matters

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:18:52 UTC

Oklahoma! introduced the integration of lyric book music and dance to tell particularly American stories in a unified way. It heightened realism in speech and dialect, intentionally integrated words and music, altered the traditional song form, and used songs as scenes.
They intentionally used of song sequences to further the character development/journey.
They also introduced the musical theatre world to the conditional love song and creating sympathy for complex villains.

Oklahoma! R&H Speak

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:19:33 UTC

Agnes de Mille: The Stubborn Choreographer

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:22:28 UTC

Agnes de Mille on The Dream Ballet

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:23:49 UTC

Agnes de Mille: A New Collaboration

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-10 01:24:38 UTC

Lonely Room -- Giving the Villain Sympathy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 16:57:34 UTC

Oklahoma! put real people with real problems onstage. They wanted to avoid painting Judd as evil person and to garner some sympathy for a character that generally is repulsive. By giving him a song to explain his feelings, we gain some sort of sympathy for him even though he’s horrible.

this is why i put yodeling on my special skills

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:00:30 UTC

"Moving onstage to audition for the role of farm girl Ado Annie in the Rodgers and Hammerstein musical Oklahoma! in 1943, Celeste Holm tripped and fell on her face.

Regaining her composure, however, she impressed composer Richard Rodgers with her super-loud hog call. It landed her the role, and she stopped the show nightly singing I Cain’t Say No."

R&H in the Penthouse Circuit

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:03:51 UTC

"To help raise the money, Rodgers and Hammerstein were forced to take to the “penthouse circuit,” where, in the early days, Rodgers would play the piano and Hammerstein would sing the lyrics....

Rodgers remembered one night going to an apartment that “was not only large enough to have a ballroom in it, it actually had a ballroom in it.” But while seventy people listened politely, nibbled canapés, and sipped champagne, they subscribed not one dime. Theresa Helburn and Lawrence Langner, who headed the Theatre Guild, called on everyone they knew and called in every chit they had out there. But it was long, slow work. Howard Cullman, a long-time Broadway angel, turned them down flat. (He later framed and hung Helburn’s letter over his desk to remind himself of what he had missed.)" -American Heritage

Rouben Mamoulian and Agnes de Mille at Odds

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:06:51 UTC

"Rouben Mamoulian took the clause in his contract that gave him “a free hand” very seriously and was soon at loggerheads with de Mille. He banished her from the stage, and she was forced to rehearse the dancers in the downstairs lounge of the Guild Theatre....Marc Platt, the male lead dancer, had to drag de Mille off screaming from one rehearsal that was going badly and hold her head under a cold-water faucet until she calmed down. Mamoulian wanted to enhance the farm atmosphere with live horses, cows, and chickens, a dramatic device that is expensive, difficult, risky, and notoriously unpopular with actors. He finally settled for a few pigeons, but the birds flew around the theater on opening night in New Haven and were never seen again." -American Heritage

A Fun Article about Oklahoma!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:07:18 UTC

Oklahoma's Legacy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:28:10 UTC

Sam Goldwyn to Richard Rodgers

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:42:33 UTC

“I have a great idea for you. You know what you ought to do next?”
“What, Sam?”
“Shoot yourself!”

Lorenz Hart's Dies After the Opening of Connecticut Yankee

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:48:28 UTC

Hammerstein's Carmen: An Entirely Black Cast

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:53:43 UTC

Rodgers and Hammerstein Musicalize the 1933 Film "State Fair"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 17:56:43 UTC

"Lilliom" Inspires "Carousel"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:03:49 UTC

Lilliom, written by Ferenc Molnar (a Hungarian playwright) opened in 1909 in Budapest. Molnar turned down an offer from Puccini to turn it into an operetta. Theresa Helburn requested for Rodgers and Hammerstein to adapt it into a musical after the success of Oklahoma! which Molnar was reluctant to allow. He was then invited to come Oklahoma! in the US and he LOVED IT. He was impressed by their ability to adapt plays into musicals and allowed them to do the same with Lilliom.

Rodgers and Hammerstein Struggle to Make Such a Dark Play Successful in America

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:07:07 UTC

evie write something here about this article once you read it

Billy Bigelow: One of Musical Theatre's First Anti-Heroes

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:08:07 UTC

American's love a redemption story! R&H were presented with the challenge of making Billy both true to life and redeemable at the end of the musical. No one is quite sure if this was done well or not.

The Genius of Carousel's "Soliloquy"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:17:31 UTC

Billy's soliloquy was inspired by “I'm Talking to My Pal," a cut song from Pal Joey. This song was HIGHLY important to the development of character study in musical theatre. Self examination is tricky to pull off, but "Soliloquy" moves into a deeper level of psychology--making this confrontation of self easier to analyze as both an actor and audience member. The song, lasting around 8-10 minutes and ending act 1, serves as an epiphany for Billy as he realizes what could happen if his child is a girl. "Soliloquy" also shows off R&H's ability to integrate text and music.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:18:49 UTC

Rodgers sat down with Hammerstein and pseudo-improvised the tone/tone switches and how the parts of "Soliloquy" would fit together, but not what it would say. Hammerstein then took two weeks to write the lyrics and put into sections. Allegedly, Rodgers had bashed out the whole song in 2 hours after receiving the lyrics.

Carousel's Dream Ballet

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:24:44 UTC

Rouben Mamoulian and Agnes de Mille were brought back on for Carousel, thus we get another dream ballet. There was great success in exploring psychology through the dream ballet in Oklahoma!, and it takes a slightly different function in Carousel. Through the dream ballet, the effects of Billy's choices are shown to give him a feeling of penance.

Opening Night of Carousel

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:34:03 UTC

The original show was roughly 4.5-5 hours long! After opening night there was a 2 hour conference where they cut probably an hour and a half of content out of the show. Cuts like these after performances were a regular part of this show process until they opened on Broadway.
Carousel's original stage manager said they now understood why Rodgers and Hammerstein were famous--they were brave. They weren’t afraid to slash and burn. Nothing about what they were doing was precious to them. They were smart businessmen who want to stay rich and make their shows better.

Opening Night of Carousel Cont.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:36:24 UTC

The Carousel Waltz

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:37:28 UTC

The Bench Scene: 23 Minutes of Music

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:39:34 UTC

"If I Loved You": The Conditional Love Song

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-12 18:40:43 UTC

Community v. Outcast

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-16 23:01:37 UTC

WWII assimilation culture creates a narrative of community.
Can become part of the community and live.
Can be banished from the community and die.

The Two Women in 1870s-1880s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-16 23:08:02 UTC

Homemaker vs. Millworker
If you entered a life with an unstable man, your life also became unstable.

1940s Women

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-16 23:11:02 UTC

During WWII, the men are gone and women take over in factories. There is a post-war boom in the American economy and we start seeing a greater idea of consumerism, especially through the use of mass media.
Women were working both in factories and in emerging receptionist/secretary jobs.

Carousel and Domestic Violence

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-16 23:15:07 UTC

"If the hallmark of a great play is that it keeps us talking, feeling and thinking generations after it was written, then Carousel, which is possibly more relevant now than it ever has been, is deserving of its place among Rodgers and Hammerstein’s achievements."

Rodgers and Hammerstein Provide Political Commentary

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-16 23:28:52 UTC

"The play was produced in 1949, a time when the US was trying to forget the tragic events of WWII. For the time period, author and scholar John Ditsky considered it “remarkable that Rodgers and Hammerstein would have risked including a number chiding Americans for racism when no such risk was called for or financially sound” (110). However, James Michener, author of the book on which the play was based, recalls Rodgers and Hammerstein emphatically insisting that “You’ve Got to Be Carefully Taught,” actually “represented why they had wanted to do this play, and that even if it meant the failure of the production, it was going to stay in” (qtd. Most 307). This choice to keep the song really exemplified Hammerstein’s fight against prejudice, which he expressed in his lyrics as well as by actively participating in groups like the NAACP (Most 317). Fortunately, Rodgers shared Hammerstein’s beliefs because only partners with the utmost faith in each other’s unfailing support would risk their careers by making a political statement in a form of entertainment typically considered comedy."

Musicals by Rodgers and Hammerstein

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-16 23:31:51 UTC

Rodgers and Hammerstein Bring Intention to Musical Theatre

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:03:16 UTC

Songs emerge organically, dances emerge organically, each work has own tone, and there are important social discussions integrated into the plot.

I Gotta Be Honest I Just Skimmed This, But It Seems Cool!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:03:44 UTC

1947: The First Tony Awards

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:05:07 UTC

Michener: Tales of the South Pacific

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:07:03 UTC

Podcast Episode About South Pacific

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:12:59 UTC

Rodgers and Hammerstein got 51% of the rights with Logan and Hayward. Hayward was pissed!!!

An Overview of the Korean War: 1950

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:17:54 UTC

A History of The King and I

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:20:51 UTC

Fanny Holtzman: Where's her Biopic?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:22:09 UTC

Gertrude Lawrence: Getting to Know Her

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:24:24 UTC

Yul Brynner: The King

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:26:06 UTC

"But it was in 1951, at the St. James Theatre on Broadway, that he landed the role he would effectively own for his entire career, that of the king in The King and I, which he performed over 4,500 times on stage – appearing in the original production, later touring productions, and Broadway revivals in 1977 and 1985, as well as in the 1956 film version, in which he starred opposite Deborah Kerr and Rita Moreno."

1892: The Chinese Exclusion Act Extends with the Geary Act

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:29:02 UTC

Asian Americans outperformed other immigrant groups--including those already living in the states. They were seen as competent, but were not considered white. Due to their success in the states, many Americans felt endangered by their presence.

Key Words and Definitions Regarding Asian Culture in American Theatre

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:30:54 UTC

Virtual Tour of the Museum of Chinese in America

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:33:09 UTC

The Sound of Music: 1959

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:38:19 UTC

The Sound of Music was the final project of Rodgers and Hammerstein. As Hammerstein had just been diagnosed with cancer, the book was written by Howard Lindsay and Russel Krauss. Thus, the book is weirdly disjointed. Hammerstein built scenes to pinnacles where the songs dramatically made sense. This is why the songs are popular as stand-alone pieces of work rather than as a part of the story. They don't quite fit dramatically causing viewers to focus more on the songs.

1960: Oscar Hammerstein II Dies of Cancer

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:40:34 UTC

The Final Song: Edelweiss

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-17 02:42:04 UTC

Hammerstein wrote his 1,589th song shortly before his death.

South Pacific and Race

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 00:04:06 UTC

An EXCELLENT article

A Biography of Irving Berlin

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 01:30:01 UTC

Irving Berlin Couldn't Read or Write Music and Had Very Limited Musical Skill

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 01:35:42 UTC

Growing up with no proper schooling in a home where English was not spoken, Berlin did not have access to resources to learn music on a sophisticated level. His melodies and lyrics were direct and simple. An amanuensis wrote down all of his music for him. His intuitive approach to music made his style appealing to the public.

Irving Berlin Playing His Transposable Piano

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 01:42:19 UTC

Irving Berlin only played in F# major on the black keys. He had a special crank piano that essentially transposed all of his songs for him.

Marie from Sunny Italy (1907): Irving Berlin's First Hit

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 01:44:06 UTC

Alexander's Ragtime Band (1911)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 01:48:26 UTC

Essentially a white, jewish man taking black ragtime, making it palatable, and selling it.
It was reported by some survivors of the Titanic that this song was played as the ship was sinking.

Irving's First Wive, Dorothy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 01:53:49 UTC

The two were very much in love, but were only married about 5 months as Dorothy caught typhoid fever on their honeymoon and passed away.

This is the Army: Irving Berlin's Military Production Transferred to Broadway

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 01:59:45 UTC

The Controversy of Irving Berlin and Ellin Mackay's Interfaith Marriage

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:02:12 UTC

Music Box Revues

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:03:45 UTC

God Bless America (1938)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:06:31 UTC

The Story of "Blue Skies"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:11:40 UTC

Ethel Waters: First Equally Billed African American Performer

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:15:53 UTC

How Annie Got Her Gun

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:18:54 UTC

Ethel Merman in Annie Get Your Gun

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:19:14 UTC

An Old Time Magazine Article about Cole Porter's Songwriting

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:23:20 UTC

The Hallmarks of Cole Porter

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:25:38 UTC

Cole Porter's Comeback

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:27:46 UTC

How World War II Influenced Gender Roles

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-24 02:31:00 UTC

1945-1950 Was One of the Only Five Year Periods in U.S. History Where We Were Not At War

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 17:40:02 UTC

Urbanization of the United States 1860-1920

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 17:42:25 UTC

Urbanization and Its Challenges

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 17:46:54 UTC

Shifts in population distribution, 1940-1970

Central Cities
- 31.6%
- 32.3%
- 32.6%
- 32.0%
Suburbs
- 19.5%
- 23.8%
- 30.7%
- 41.6%
Rural/Towns
- 48.9%
- 43.9%
- 36.7%
- 26.4%

The Beat Generation

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 17:50:34 UTC

"Beat movement, also called Beat Generation, American social and literary movement originating in the 1950s and centred in the bohemian artist communities of San Francisco’s North Beach, Los Angeles’ Venice West, and New York City’s Greenwich Village."

NYC Becomes the Center of the Art World

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 17:52:44 UTC

"New York surpassed Paris as the global centre of the art market in the years after the Second World War. Now it has been the biggest for so long that the fact barely attracts comment. The narrative over the past 20 years has instead been about globalisation and diversification."

Diner's Club Card: The First Credit Card (1950)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 17:58:14 UTC

The Credit Card: A 1950s Novelty

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:00:36 UTC

Women Could Not Hold a Credit Card in Their Name Until 1974

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:02:09 UTC

How the Nuclear Family Became the Standard

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:07:15 UTC

The emergence of the trophy wife comes with suburbanization. Homes support families as do men in suits. Women are now confined to the slot of being the perfect homemakers. This is a white American tradition used as a way to judge other cultures and families.

As Interstate Highways Take Shape, Cars Take Over

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:09:10 UTC

"Within a few months, after considerable debate and amendment in Congress, the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1956 emerged from the House-Senate conference committee. In the act, the interstate system was expanded to 41,000 miles. To construct the network, $25 billion was authorized for fiscal years 1957 through 1969. Eisenhower signed the bill into law on June 29th.

Because of the 1956 law, and the subsequent Highway Act of 1958, the pattern of community development in America was fundamentally altered and was henceforth based on the automobile."

CARS!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:10:15 UTC

Car Ownership in the U.S.:

1945: 25,000,000

1960: 60,000,000

The Rise of Consumerism: The First Barcode (1952)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:14:50 UTC

First Telescoping Shopping Cart (1946)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:15:19 UTC

First McDonald's (1955)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:15:43 UTC

The First Indoor Shopping Mall; Southdale Regional Shopping Center (1956)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:17:42 UTC

1950s Car Culture

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:18:58 UTC

Howard Johnson's: Look for the Orange Roof

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:19:15 UTC

How Television Changed the 1950s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:20:56 UTC

the best part of th 1950s was lucille ball

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:21:53 UTC

more i love lucy just because it makes me happy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:22:28 UTC

my all-time favorite episode

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:22:51 UTC

The Rise of Christianity

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:26:36 UTC

1940: 64 million registered church members

1960: 114 million registered church members

Billy Graham: Televangelist and The President's Preacher

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:29:43 UTC

Nuclear Bomb Drills in the Age of Nuclear Anxiety

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:32:55 UTC

The Kinsey Report Scandalizes Homogeneity

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:35:08 UTC

The Integration of Schools (1954)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:36:06 UTC

White Nationalism

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:38:03 UTC

"An inspirational guru for this new white opposition was Wesley Swift, a former Methodist. Swift founded a church in the 1940s that preached a gospel of white superiority. He called his twisted version of Christianity “The Church of Jesus Christ, Christian,” and preached that only white Europeans were blessed by God. He was particularly hostile to the Jews, borrowing from Nazi anti-Semitism."

"Church is the center of community. If we let black people into the church our community is destroyed"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:40:19 UTC

To Be Progressive Was to Tow the Line of Communism

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-26 18:44:39 UTC

South Pacific went to Delaware and the theatre was segregated. R&H refused to do the show there until it was integrated. They put their wellbeing on the line to promote their values in the age where the smallest things could pin you as a communist.

Musical Theatre as Popular Culture: The Ed Sullivan Show

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-27 14:56:07 UTC

Frank Loesser

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-27 14:57:44 UTC

Guys and Dolls (1950)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-27 14:59:57 UTC

Leonard Bernstein

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-27 15:02:10 UTC

The Expansion of Off-Broadway: The Threepenny Opera (1954)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-27 15:07:23 UTC

The Threepenny Opera opened Off Broadway in 1954 conducted by Bernstein. It played for 96 performances and it's 1954 recording was the first ever cast recording of an Off-Broadway musical. it was so popular that it reopened 1955 and did not close until 1961. It was a record setting run for a musical in NY-- over 750,000 people saw it, over 700 different actors performed, and it wont two tony’s in 1956.

Jerome Robbins

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:11:05 UTC

Jack Cole

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:14:10 UTC

Gower Champion

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:14:59 UTC

Bob Fosse

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:15:31 UTC

Fancy Free Choreographed by Jerome Robbins

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:16:17 UTC

Small House of Uncle Thomas Originally Choreographed by Jerome Robbins

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:17:51 UTC

Not Since Ninevah Choreographed by Jack Cole

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:18:33 UTC

West Side Story Prologue Choreographed by Jerome Robbins

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:19:57 UTC

Jerome Robbins was known for playing psychological games with the actors to create actual rifts between groups.

Opus Jazz Conceptualized by Jerome Robbins

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:20:36 UTC

Peter Gennaro

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:22:23 UTC

"Peter Gennaro was the co-choreographer of West Side Story. Jerome Robbins engaged him on the condition that he agree to a contract relinquishing his rights to all work he created for the show. Historians of West Side Story have reported that Gennaro's work was mostly limited to creating dances for the Sharks in “America” and “Dance at the Gym.” However, this exceptional collection of photographs by Martha Swope and Vandamm Studios and interviews with original cast members offers a more complex understanding of Gennaro’s collaboration with Robbins."

What is Jazz? Jack Cole and Chita Rivera

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:23:25 UTC

Michael Jackson Inspired by Bob Fosse

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-10-31 18:24:11 UTC

My Fair Lady (1956)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:14:42 UTC

Considered one of the most perfect musicals ever written, My Fair Lady is known for being extremely wordy. It soon gained popularity and ran for over 2,000 performances.

Lerner and Loewe

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:16:44 UTC

The two met at the Lambs Club when Loewe saw Lerner at the bar and approached him. "I hear you write lyrics,” “I hear you write music.”

The Music Man (1957)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:21:40 UTC

Meredith Wilson

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:22:42 UTC

"The Music Man" from Mason City, Iowa won Grammy, Tony for his "salute to his home state"

The Most Happy Fella (1956)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:23:55 UTC

SEMO's Frank Loesser Theatre Scholarship

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:28:25 UTC

Frank Loesser's wife, Jo Sullivan, was a Cape Girardeau native.

Candide (1956)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:31:39 UTC

The borderline operetta is primarily performed at opera houses now. It explored Voltaire's satire about the perfect life and commentary on the inquisition. It was pretty ballsy of Bernstein to cover these topics at the time of the red scare, and he became targeted by the FBI.

West Side Story (1957)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:35:15 UTC

This entire website is an excellent, yet simple, documentation of West Side Story's history.

The Revolutionary West Side Story

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:39:01 UTC

"West Side Story stands out compared to other shows because of its consistent intricacies throughout all of its aspects. One of the most memorable parts of the show is the use of ballet and dance. ...The dramatic use of percussive elements, and the percussive use of harmonic elements are always used as dramatic devices- everything that happens in the score, script and choreography has purpose..West Side Story uses simple techniques coupled with complex musicality and choreography to portray everything in the most pure way for the audience, and that is what makes West Side Story so important."

Arthur Laurents

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:41:47 UTC

“Emotions precede thought, emotions determine thought; plays are emotions.” This was the guiding principle of American playwright, screenwriter, and stage director Arthur Laurents, whose remarkable career spanned seven decades. His numerous Broadway credits include the books for the musicals West Side Story (1957), Gypsy (1959), Anyone Can Whistle (1964), Do I Hear a Waltz? (1965) – all four of these collaborations with Stephen Sondheim –, and Hallelujah, Baby!"

Jerome Robbins Copyrighted his WSS Choreography

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:46:33 UTC

In fact, Robbins’s choreography has been copyrighted. When an entity obtains permission to perform West Side Story, the rights to the choreography are licensed separately, and they come with a “bible” delineating the exact movements. While the idea of rewriting that bible can feel almost sacrilegious (not to mention actionable), judicious “editing” has been done in productions over the years.

Gypsy (1959)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:49:39 UTC

9:19 Angela Lansbury's Rose's Turn

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:52:18 UTC

shoutout to the person risking their damn life to get this footage of patti lupone

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:53:33 UTC

i cant not include this

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:55:00 UTC

David Merrick: Big Time Producer

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:57:39 UTC

Subways are for Sleeping: Merrick's Stunt

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:58:05 UTC

"One of his most famous stunts came in 1961 during the run of the disappointing “Subways Are for Sleeping.” A member of his staff arranged for seven members of the public, with the same names as the leading New York drama critics, to be quoted in newspaper advertisements for the show (“7 Out of 7 Are Ecstatically Unanimous About ‘Subways Are for Sleeping’,” ran the copy). When it was published, each of these “namesakes” appeared opposite a rave quote that the Merrick organization had apparently culled from old reviews of some of Broadway’s greatest hits."

Jule Styne

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 02:58:49 UTC

Baby Boomers

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:04:45 UTC

U.S. Birthrate Chart

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:05:45 UTC

The Unspoken Rules for Teens in the 1950s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:09:33 UTC

American Generations

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:11:55 UTC

Camelot (1960)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:18:10 UTC

Camelot was originally a flop until its appearance on The Ed Sullivan Show. By appealing to teenage audiences, Lerner and Loewe found greater success.

The Beat Poets of the 40s and 50s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:20:24 UTC

The Fantasticks (1960)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:25:40 UTC

The Fantasticks ended up returning 240 times the initial investment. It opened in 1960 and sold its millionth ticket in 1980. In 1982, the show received a Tony for the longest running show of all time. Overall The Fantasticks ran until 2002, played 17,162 performances. It lasted from Eisenhower to right George W Bush (10 presidents!!). On top of that, the show re-opened in 2006 and played until around 2013.

Beat Poetry Inspired the Fantasticks

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:27:38 UTC

Example of Beatnik Poetry in The Fantastics

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-02 03:30:15 UTC

The Brill Building: Songwriting HQ

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:04:07 UTC

A Conversation on Cultural Appropriation

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:21:11 UTC

Around 12 minutes, the video talks about Elvis. I truly believe that "stealing" music from black communities (which Elvis was actually an active part of as a child!) opened the door for African American music to be integrated into popular culture. If Elvis had not become such a hit using black music, when/how would have American culture at large made it mainstream?

Why Do Black People Dislike Elvis? (Opinion)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:25:33 UTC

Fun fact, when I was a child one of my hyper-fixations was Elvis and 50s music. So much so that my 10th birthday party was a 50s sock hop and that summer my family went to Memphis to visit Sun Records, Graceland, and all the museums in the area. I find rock and roll and country music history to be SO fascinating and I could make an entire Padlet on just that. But for now, here's a series of videos on Elvis from a black perspective.

Borrowing, Appropriating, Stealing

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:25:49 UTC

Was Elvis a Song Thief?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:26:19 UTC

This video specifically touches on how Colonel Tom Parker negotiated all of Elvis' early business decisions. Why don't we blame Colonel Tom Parker?

10 Times Elvis Stole From Black Artists

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:28:07 UTC

Should Elvis solely hold the blame for a culture who only gave attention to a white man? I don't feel like that's fair. Elvis is a scapegoat for the poor practices within the music industry and a culture who would not integrate music until it slapped them across the face.

This Lady's Youtube Videos Are Excellent.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:32:16 UTC

Fats Domino: Ain't That A Shame

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:33:42 UTC

Fats Domino made it to the 10th slot on the charts while the white man who covered the song later on made it to the number 1 slot.

Chuck Berry: Johnny B. Goode

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:34:24 UTC

Also, often considered one of the first rock songs.

Little Richard: Tutti Frutti

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:35:01 UTC

Anti-Rock n Roll Movements Were Fueled by White Supremacy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:38:52 UTC

Bye Bye Birdie (1960): The First Musical to Feature Rock Music

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:41:12 UTC

Bye Bye Birdie fictionalizes Elvis being drafted into the Korean War. It is a musical about American teenagers for American teenagers.

Charles Strouse

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:45:08 UTC

Lee Adams

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:45:49 UTC

Bye Bye Birdie Original Cast

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:46:51 UTC

Chita Rivera was the only known performer in Bye Bye Birdie.

Mead's Satire on Corporate America is Transformed into a Musical

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:48:01 UTC

How To Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (1961)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:49:15 UTC

A satire on madman culture.

you cant tell me this isn't just "the company way"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:49:49 UTC

Conventional vs. Unconventional Musicals in the Crossover Era

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 03:51:53 UTC

Entering the age of experimentalism!

A Social Experiment: Is This Appropriate? It Depends Upon the Setting

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:33:19 UTC

I had never met a Jewish person until I got to college. I didn't have access to be education on Jewish culture as the media is fraught with misinformation that can easily go unchecked. I have made mistakes! But what it comes down to is my ability to accept the mistake I made, and then grow and learn from it. People are oftentimes so afraid of being "cancelled" that they never get to have fruitful discussions that lead to more cultural awareness.

Concept Musicals

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:35:15 UTC

A concept musical is a work of musical theatre whose book and score are structured around conveying a theme or message, rather than emphasizing a narrative plot.

The Era of Experimentation

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:38:00 UTC

A Timeline of Jewish Life in America

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:39:00 UTC

Jewish Population Percentage (1776-2000)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:40:57 UTC

We Know We Belong to the Land: Andrea Most

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:42:00 UTC

Putting this here so I can read it later.

Jews & Musical Theatre

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:45:37 UTC

Jewish People Changing their Last Names

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:48:46 UTC

Anti-Semitic Stereotypes Persist in America

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:50:30 UTC

Mimetic Desire

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 16:59:36 UTC

Scapegoating

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:00:10 UTC

Widespread Lack of Holocaust Knowledge in the U.S.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:02:46 UTC

The Origins of Jewish Performance

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:05:02 UTC

Jewish Cantorial Singing

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:07:07 UTC

Tensions in Black-Jewish Relations

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:11:58 UTC

Leonard Bernstein Led an Openly Jewish Life

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:13:23 UTC

The Opening of Candide Uses a Theme Typically Played on Shofar

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:17:31 UTC

Opening of West Side Story Uses Themes Typically Played on Shofar

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-07 17:18:20 UTC

Jews and Blackface

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 16:57:33 UTC

Milk and Honey (1961)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 16:58:54 UTC

Fiddler on the Roof (1964)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 17:03:16 UTC

Harnick and Bock

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 17:04:26 UTC

Cabaret (1966)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 17:06:52 UTC

Kander and Ebb

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 17:08:48 UTC

Springtime for Hitler from The Producers (2001)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 17:13:41 UTC

Radically mocking Hitler in musical theatre

Parade (1998)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-11 17:15:42 UTC

Space Race Timeline

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 01:44:16 UTC

JFK Elected President (1960)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 01:46:00 UTC

America Gets Involved in the Vietnam War

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 01:58:50 UTC

My Grandpa, Joe Rodenbaugh, Was Drafted into the Vietnam War

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:00:30 UTC

"See where they are sending 40,000 more over here. Dad I hate to see it but it takes a lot of guys to ??? the hills get them out. However, I don’t like McNamara getting every damn thing he wants. Johnson is just a yes man never takes the different stand."

He Fought in the Battle of Ia Drang Valley, One of the First Major Battles the US was Involved With

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:01:09 UTC

"Mom said you were busy picking up corn. Going to the country most of the time. Had to do more work on your truck too. You treat it pretty rough so it can’t last forever. Be glad to see my car I’m going to trade soon as I get home, you and I will go look see what kinda deal I can get. I’m looking forward to Christmas all the good things to eat and drink. Know we’ll enjoy everything. Till then take care of yourself. I’ll see you in three weeks.

Your son,

Joe

Trying my best to make it back! Tell mom hi. Try not to worry yourselves sick over me. I know what you all are going through."

My Grandpa Saw His Best Friend Die in Battle, He Never Wanted Veterans Honors Due to His Survivor's Guilt

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:01:58 UTC

"Around five o’clock 6 of us went not about 75 yards in front of our positions for our observation post. Myself and the other guy was about 200 yards from Ralph. I heard a shot, we lit out in a dead run back to our holes. No more than hit the hole they opened up on us. Snipers in the trees, guys on the ground hit us from the front and left side. Bullets were everywhere. Ralph and this other guy never made it back to the line. We found them the next morning. For six hours we fought them off. They were trying to over-run us and get to the artillery. Next morning we had killed 100, know telling how many they drug away. We had three killed. Felt real bad about Ralph, he hated the army he didn’t pay any attention to anything. He wasn’t on his guard, they got close in he didn’t have a chance"

Shortly After He Passed Away, I Performed a 10 Minute Monologue of One of His Letters Home

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:03:07 UTC

He died of cancer, which was caused by exposure to agent orange during his time spent fighting.

"If Muhammad Ali [who dodged the Vietnam draft] is called the greatest, what do you call people like my dad?"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:06:13 UTC

My grandpa wrote many letters home during his time in the Vietnam War. This was read as the eulogy at his funeral. It is the only time I have ever seen my dad cry.

The Bay of Pigs Invasion Disaster

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:17:19 UTC

Cy Coleman

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:30:26 UTC

Cy Coleman and Playboy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:31:07 UTC

Carolyn Leigh

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:33:23 UTC

""While working on Little Me, Leigh was so offended by a song that was cut, the story goes that she left the theatre where the show was rehearsing and returned with a policeman, demanding that its directors — Cy Feuer and Bob Fosse — be arrested!"

Sweet Charity (1966)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:34:54 UTC

I had never listened to any of Sweet Charity before our listening quiz, and I LOVE it!! So catchy and energetic

Gwen Verdon, "If My Friends Could See Me Now"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:36:25 UTC

Verdon was born with rickets, a bowing of the legs, and spent most of her early years in braces. She used ballet to try and reconstruct her body.

Jerry Herman

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:39:46 UTC

"Some critics belabored “Hello, Dolly!” and “Mame” as schmaltz. But to Mr. Herman, they were just openhearted. Even in “La Cage aux Folles,” Broadway’s first musical to portray the intimacies of a gay relationship ... his score sidestepped polemics and delivered a story of pathos, comedy, dignity and ultimately acceptance of gay life."

Milk and Honey (1961)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:42:11 UTC

"But his first full Broadway score, for “Milk and Honey” (1961), about American widows visiting Israel, got rave reviews, ran 543 performances and earned him a Tony nomination. The producer David Merrick was impressed, and asked him to compose samples for a musical based on “The Matchmaker,” Thornton Wilder’s farce about a widowed matchmaker who makes a match for herself. Mr. Herman was given a weekend."

Hello Dolly (1964)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:46:14 UTC

"The show became one of the great success stories of the musical theater, sweeping 10 of the 11 Tonys for which it was nominated and generating $60 million in revenues as touring companies set box-office records across America and around the world."

Mame (1966) [HER LAST NAME IS GOOCH????!]

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:48:26 UTC

"Mr. Herman’s second triumph, “Mame,” starring Angela Lansbury, opened in 1966 and ran three years and seven months. Inspired by Patrick Dennis’s novel “Auntie Mame” and the subsequent Broadway play and film starring Rosalind Russell, it unfurled the freewheeling adventures of a flamboyant grande dame whose young nephew is taken along for a madcap coming-of-age ride. The show generated national tours, a 1974 film with Lucille Ball and countless regional, stock and school productions."

Jerry Herman, HIV Survivor and Medical Study Participant

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:52:23 UTC

1963: JFK Assassinated

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 02:52:41 UTC

The Degradation of New York in the 70s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:15:28 UTC

Greenwich Village, Home of Bohemia and Gay History

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:18:22 UTC

Stonewall (1969)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:19:10 UTC

Folk Music in Greenwich Village. Yes.

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:20:29 UTC

I really want to do some more in depth research as I loveeeeee the folk rock musicians of this era

Bob Dylan's Greenwich Village Tour

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:21:20 UTC

Man of La Mancha: The Anti-Establishment Musical of 1965

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:24:02 UTC

Vietnam: The First Television War

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:28:55 UTC

Increase of TVs in the 50s made it so Vietnam was the first time the average person could be receiving video/photo of what was happening in a war almost live at home. There was large controversy surrounding the draft, and the war was often viewed as a capitalistic waste of time and men. War efforts got more pushback because people actually can see what's happening in the war.

The Hippie Movement

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:30:39 UTC

A Photographic Trip Through the Summer of Love

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:37:13 UTC

Lay Down (Candles in the Rain) LIVE in 2019 (you can hear me singing louder than Melanie Safka...oops)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:42:00 UTC

"members of the Hog Farm commune had apparently handed out candles throughout the Woodstock audience before Melanie’s set, and at one point on the pitch-black hill that rolled away from the stage, people began holding lighted candles and lighters above their heads in appreciation for Melanie’s performance. This now-common sight at concerts was unheard-of in 1969. Inspired by the sea of flickering flames and the positivity and optimism she felt from the crowd, Melanie wrote the song “Lay Down (Candles in the Rain)” after the festival to commemorate the moment"

Woodstock!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:42:26 UTC

love love love love love love woodstock

Melanie Safka wasn't even originally supposed to perform, but it rained and the band cancelled. During her set, people held up candles and lighters. That's the first time that ever happened!!! so cool!!!

Masters and Johnson Report on Human Sexuality

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:44:39 UTC

Hair (1967/68)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:47:28 UTC

A scandalizing rock music focused on the emotional turmoil of the hippie movement.

Controversy Surrounding Hair (including two supreme court cases!)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:49:33 UTC

Conservative Republicans Use the Vietnam War as a Strategy

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:52:52 UTC

Flesh Failure (Let the Sunshine In) at Texas State

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 03:54:21 UTC

Promises, Promises: The First Pop Musical (1968)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:04:57 UTC

Kent State Shootings Timeline

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:07:37 UTC

The War on Drugs Targets Black and Hippie Communities

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:09:14 UTC

Jesus Christ Superstar Questions Western Religion (1971)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:11:01 UTC

The Carnal Passion for Rock n Roll That Changed Human Sexuality: Grease (1972)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:13:21 UTC

A Commentary on Idealism in the Face of War: Pippin (1971)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:14:56 UTC

Stephen Schwartz

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:15:32 UTC

Chicago (1975)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:19:37 UTC

I'm absolutely obsessed with Chicago's serendipity with both Watergate AND the OJ Simpson trial

A Chorus Line (1975)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-22 04:22:47 UTC

1967 All-Black Hello, Dolly!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-23 01:02:48 UTC

Guns, Germs and Steel

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-23 01:17:08 UTC

"Thus, one can explain as follows the reasons why the people who spread around the world were Eurasians, not Aboriginal Australians or Native Americans or sub-Saharan Africans. The reasons had nothing to do with differences in the peoples themselves. Instead, the reasons were continental differences in the available wild plant and animal species suitable for domestication, resulting in earlier domestication of a more productive suite of domesticates in Eurasia, plus Eurasia’s east/west axis that facilitated the spread of those domesticates throughout Eurasia."

White Supremacy Codified into Law

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-23 01:36:50 UTC

De Facto vs. De Jure

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-23 01:52:29 UTC

Shuffle Along (1921)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-24 23:35:01 UTC

The Great Migration

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-24 23:35:35 UTC

Redlining

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-24 23:42:50 UTC

Redlining in St. Louis (The Birthplace of Redlining)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-24 23:43:03 UTC

The Harlem Renaissance

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-24 23:44:01 UTC

Rhapsody in Black

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-24 23:45:00 UTC

Lew Leslie's Blackbirds Orchestra

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-24 23:46:32 UTC

Cabin in the Sky

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 02:58:06 UTC

Porgy and Bess 1942 Revival

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 02:59:28 UTC

Carmen Jones

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:15:35 UTC

A modern American musical with an all-black cast. The 100 person cast was quite an undertaking as it was difficult to find black performers trained in singing styles appropriate for Carmen. John Hammond Jr. (producer) visited over 40 cities seeking out cast members. Some were found in the most unlikely of places--a naval shipyard, a police force, and a railroad stockyard included.

Carmen Miranda

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:17:21 UTC

Lena Horne

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:18:03 UTC

Finian's Rainbow

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:20:19 UTC

Lost in the Stars

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:33:43 UTC

Jamaica (1957)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:35:02 UTC

Kwamina (1961)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:37:47 UTC

No Strings (1962)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-25 03:41:07 UTC

Golden Boy (1964)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 02:57:50 UTC

Civil Rights Timeline

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:00:08 UTC

Hallelujah, Baby! (1967)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:00:57 UTC

Purlie (1970)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:02:12 UTC

Dr. Joyce Brown: Female Black Conductor

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:03:37 UTC

Cabaret Directed by Hal Prince (1966)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:06:15 UTC

The Wiz (1974)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:10:04 UTC

Dreamgirls (1981)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:13:23 UTC

Caroline or Change (2004)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:21:03 UTC

Once Upon This Island (2018)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:21:36 UTC

The Color Purple (2005)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:22:22 UTC

Passing Strange: The First Authentic Black Musical?

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:23:40 UTC

The Black Power Mixtape: 1967-1975

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:28:07 UTC

“We have to write and document our history right now. It's really not about black and white, it's about the story. [If] we gonna tell the story, let's tell the story right, that's why we as black people have to tell our own story. We have to document our history. When we allow someone else to document our history, the history becomes twisted and we get written out.” –Erykah Badu

A List of Stephen Sondheim's Shows

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:30:08 UTC

Stephen Sondheim Official Biography

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:31:17 UTC

Stephen Sondheim's Relationship with Mother

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:33:40 UTC

Sondheim: A Mentee of Hammerstein, A Mentor of Many

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:35:50 UTC

i absolutely adore these videos of sondheim coaching performers

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:36:13 UTC

another one!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:37:40 UTC

Sondheim at the Tony's

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:38:36 UTC

an example of sondheim's motivic development

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:39:18 UTC

Sondheim Lyrical Rules

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:41:20 UTC

"There are only three principles necessary for a lyric writer, all of them familiar truisms. They were not immediately apparent to me when I started writing, but have come into focus via Oscar Hammerstein’s tutoring, Strunk and White’s huge little book The Elements of Style and my own sixty-some years of practicing the craft. I have not always been skilled or diligent enough to follow them as faithfully as I would like, but they underlie everything I’ve ever written. In no particular order, and to be inscribed in stone:

Content Dictates Form

Less Is More

God Is in the Details

all in the service of

Clarity

without which nothing else matters."

—Stephen Sondheim, Finishing the Hat

Milton Babbitt Influenced Sondheim's Style

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:44:13 UTC

A Strange Loop

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:45:30 UTC

Putting it Together Podcast

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-27 03:50:14 UTC

This is a podcast about Stephen Sondheim's entire body of work show by show and song by song. Each week Kyle Marshall invites an expert to discuss a Sondheim song in-depth. Together they discover the humour, how the songs inform character, and any hidden meanings. Most importantly they try to understand the man behind the music, the Shakespeare of our time, as best they can.

West Side Story (1957)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:13:17 UTC

Gypsy (1959)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:14:16 UTC

Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum (1962)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:15:36 UTC

The Muppets "Comedy Tonight"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:16:30 UTC

Anyone Can Whistle (1964)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:18:11 UTC

Do I Hear a Waltz? (1965)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:19:03 UTC

Company (1970)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:20:49 UTC

Johnathan Tunick: The Orchestrator

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:28:24 UTC

Elaine Stritch: The Diva

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:29:24 UTC

Follies (1971)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:30:01 UTC

A Little Night Music (1973)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:37:48 UTC

Pacific Overtures (1976)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:41:14 UTC

Score Study of Sweeney Todd (1979)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:41:56 UTC

Merrily We Roll Along (1981)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:42:37 UTC

The Best Worst Thing That Ever Could Have Happened

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:43:25 UTC

Sunday in the Park with George (1984)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:46:13 UTC

Sunday in the Park with George Slime Tutorial

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:46:52 UTC

Into the Woods (1986)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:57:32 UTC

Into the Woods Motifs

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 18:58:52 UTC

Giants in the Sky Podcast

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 19:00:12 UTC

Assassins (1990)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 19:00:53 UTC

Passion (1994)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-11-29 19:01:17 UTC

US v UK Sentiments Start Early

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:35:14 UTC

The Great British Music Hall: Low-Brow, American, Parody Burlesque

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:37:14 UTC

Timeline of Noël Coward's Life

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:38:39 UTC

Stiles + Drewe

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:40:01 UTC

Anthony Newley and Leslie Bricusse

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:43:49 UTC

The British Invasion of the 60s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:44:32 UTC

Lionel Bart: The Overindulgent Writer of Oliver!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:46:18 UTC

Andrew Lloyd Webber: King of the West End

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:47:59 UTC

ALW's Thoughts on Theater Funding

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:50:39 UTC

Poor Working Conditions on the West End

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:51:52 UTC

All of West End is Monopolized by Four Men

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:52:49 UTC

There are four main groups who own the West End (see below for a breakdown of their venues): Delfont Macktintosh Theatres, controlled by producer impresario Cameron Mackintosh; LW Theatres, controlled by musicals composer Andrew Lloyd Webber; ATG, or Ambassador Theatre Group, which is the largest theatre owner by number of venues; Nimax Theatres, which is controlled by Nica Burns and Max Weitzenhoffer; and The Nederlander Organization, an American entertainment company which also has a part share of the Adelphi Theatre.

THE MUSIC OF TIM RICE AND ELTON JOHN DEFINED MY CHILDHOOD

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:54:17 UTC

Cameron Mackintosh: West End Robber Baron

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 03:55:37 UTC

The Mega-Musical is a Capitalistic and Consumeristic Bitch and I Hate Her!!

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 04:03:31 UTC

Mega musicals can be defined as high quality, extravagant theatre productions that provide the same quality globally while bringing in large profits. They typically have a very specific iconography that appeals to the consumeristic nature of modern society.

Public Investment in Arts and Culture in England (2014/15)

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 04:06:11 UTC

Production Costs in the USA are 3x the Amount of Those on the West End

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 04:07:02 UTC

Arts Funding USA vs UK

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 04:08:02 UTC

Notice how local/county funding is far greater than other levels in the USA. Local theatre is directly tied to tourism and economic stimulation.

Mamma Mia and the Rise of the Jukebox Musical

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-01 04:08:53 UTC

The History of Drag

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:20:10 UTC

Julian Eltinge

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:26:31 UTC

this man swore up and down he was straight

Speakeasy Culture and Drag Peformance

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:28:49 UTC

"Another genre of performance gained prominence during this time period: drag. 'Rather than uplifting the general populace’s morality, Prohibition drove middle class and other ‘respectable’ people into the underground,' Dr. Lady J (Jeremiah Davenport), the official drag historian to the Austin International Drag Festival, says, 'where they stood alongside queer folks and drag performers who already operated outside the law.' Soon, the art of gender bending ruled New York City. 'Suddenly the average man was exposed to the ‘Pansy Craze’ already on the rise with New York’s hipper crowds.'”

Prohibition and the Drag Explosion

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:30:04 UTC

Ada Isaacs Menken

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:30:32 UTC

William Dorsey Swann: The First Self-Proclaimed Drag Queen

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:32:11 UTC

Drag Ball Culture in the 1920s

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:36:18 UTC

Mae West of the Late 1920s was a Diva and Gay Icon

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:38:25 UTC

The History of "Coming Out"

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:39:39 UTC

Polari: The Lost Language of Gay Men

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-05 19:41:47 UTC

El Dorado: A Gay Bar in 1920s Berlin

evieschoolemailsemo — 2023-12-06 17:48:43 UTC