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      <title>Food Sustainability (Sewage and Farm Waste) by Talia Forster</title>
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      <language>en-us</language>
      <pubDate>2023-03-28 18:01:07 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>The History of Food Movements</title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2560990723</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The agriculture and disposal industries have not always been beneficial for the environment. However, throughout history people have been protesting and fighting for more sustainable ways for better storage and more careful treatment of our food. This started with the biodynamic movement all the way back in <strong>1924</strong>. The biodynamic movement is an ecological farming method that looks at the farm as a living organism. This helped to sustain agriculture as a whole, and improved the quality of crops and produce. In <strong>1960</strong> pesticides (and therefore the food industry) changed enormously. This period of pesticide change lasted about 20 years and ended around <strong>2008</strong>. Pesticide use grew exponentially during these years and hundreds of millions of pesticides were used during this time. Most of this problem stemmed from an attempt to control excess weeds in agricultural spaces. Because of this, in <strong>2008</strong>, most of the overall pesticide application in the United States was used on just a handful of specific crops. Surprisingly, most likely because of the weed problem on farms, pesticide use on wheat only made up somewhere between two and five percent of total pesticide use during this time period. There was also the humus movement which started shortly after the second world war, and it was still around <strong>until</strong> at least <strong>1979</strong>. The humus movement was a farming movement which specifically focused on the health of crops and the soil they grow in. The Rodale Institute also impacted the humus movement greatly and was an important supporter of the movement in <strong>1979</strong>. <strong>Earlier</strong>, in <strong>1977</strong>, the first “farm bill” was passed. The “farm bills” of <strong>1977</strong> and <strong>1990 </strong>helped to improve daily human life, and they especially improved the growth and production of crops throughout the country. The growth and rise of these movements prove that we can make progress in our food sustainability. <strong>Now</strong>, we are having similar problems arise such as the way that we are storing our produce and crops when farming and how we dispose of our waste and filter our sewage production. Storing our crops and produce seems to be a bigger problem <strong>now </strong>than it was <strong>before</strong>. However, it is important to remember the movements that have succeeded in the past to learn new ways that we will be able to structure how we proceed in helping our environment.</div><div><br></div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-04-20 02:24:03 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>The Human Impacts of Food Waste</title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561013906</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>The “farm bills'' of 1977 and 1990 greatly <strong>affected</strong> the quality of life for farmers. The farm bill of 1977 mostly <strong>affected</strong> price and income for farm reserves. The farm bill of 1990 paved the way for farm products. Both of these bills greatly improved working conditions in general. These were big changes and <strong>cause</strong> for future change and an uproar of people willing to try to make a positive <strong>impact</strong> on the environment. They also helped farmers to have a decent supply of different crops to plant so that they could continue to work. This was important to sustain more jobs in the agricultural industry as well. It established some protections that we seem to have lost over the years with fast paced urbanization of lands that once housed crucial ecosystems. We are truly starting to lose some of the moral ground and precedent that we set. The <strong>causes </strong>of this problem according to the <em>National Farm Worker Ministry</em> are: “pesticide exposure, heat stress, lack of shade, and adequate clean drinking water.” These things are greatly <strong>affecting</strong> the humans in different labor industries, and they are hindering our ability to move forward with sustainability. This is largely <strong>due to</strong> population growth and demand for more and more products which <strong>results in</strong> less focus on working conditions and more focus on the production of goods. Another <strong>cause</strong> of harm to the people on our planet is GHG emissions. It was found that one hundred seventy million metric tons worth of carbon dioxide or an equivalent substance in GHG emissions were <strong>caused</strong> by food waste. This could have a terrible <strong>effect</strong> on human health and especially in different countries where food waste or waste in general is a more prevalent issue. Some of the <strong>effects</strong> of waste build up could even be asthma, birth defects, cancer, and cardiovascular disease. These things can kill thousands or even millions of people if they are left unchecked and even more so if people don’t have access to decent and affordable healthcare policies. We may need more policies on healthcare so that we are able to help people who are struggling <strong>because</strong> of diseases <strong>caused </strong>by pollution and food waste. Finally, the rapidly changing climate will and has <strong>caused</strong> an increase in devastating hurricanes globally that tear down homes and buildings. The <strong>effect</strong> of this could be the deaths of many people or people left homeless <strong>because</strong> of evacuation procedures during these deadly hurricanes and storms. People who live near oceans or in areas that hurricanes frequently hit could be more at risk for these <strong>effects</strong>. Therefore, we should consider all different people when we are finding the <strong>effects </strong>of food waste and pollution issues.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-04-20 02:43:47 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Environmental Food Waste</title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561017229</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>One <strong>cause</strong> of environmental problems is how we dispose of our waste in general. Sewage in particular has become a larger issue over the years. Sewage can <strong>affect</strong> some very negative problems for the environment. During periods with increased rainfall, water companies are even allowed to flow untreated sewage water into rivers or lakes to not overwhelm treatment plants. The <strong>effect</strong> of this is dirtier water in our lakes which can cause the death of different forms of wildlife that live there. The death of these wildlife creatures could result in an imbalance in the ecosystem because it would disrupt the food chain and other animals would be forced to adapt to the harsher conditions that are caused by these sewage issues. According to the <em>BBC</em>: “just 14% of rivers in England can currently claim to have good ecological status in part <strong>due to</strong> sewage discharges.” On top of the environmental <strong>effects</strong> that sewage issues have had on our environment, food waste has also become a huge issue for our environment <strong>because </strong>of farms that are losing crops and produce <strong>due to</strong> improper storage systems. In fact, more than a third of food in the United States is wasted or lost in crop harvesting or through produce storage on farms or in the production of agriculture. This is an astonishing amount of food wasted and is something that seems like it could be fixed with some adjustments to the way that we store our crops. This way, we could feed many more people all over the world. Another problem with food waste is non-perishable products being wasted. This can have a larger <strong>effect</strong> on the ecosystem because of the fact that it takes longer to break down and doesn’t decompose in landfills as easily. One statistic to prove this is that only 76% of excess food waste comes from food products that can expire. So much of our food has chemicals and preservatives that can be harmful to the environment if it makes up 24% of all excess food waste. Finally, pesticides and chemicals are another main <strong>cause</strong> of harm to our planet. At first, in small amounts, chemicals and pesticides don’t seem to do much damage to the environment. However, runoff from floods or heavy rain that flows these chemicals and pesticides into rivers, streams, and other ecosystems whose animals can be harmed by these chemicals can cause major damage. The overall <strong>result</strong> of these issues could be a more unbalanced and unstable ecosystem where some species are dying out and harming the food chain.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-04-20 02:46:28 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561017229</guid>
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         <title>Economic/Political Impacts of Food Waste</title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561019559</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>One of the <strong>causes </strong>of the economic issues of food loss and waste is that the political process in the United States greatly impacts how we dispose of our overall food waste. This is true whether the waste has been consumed or not, or if it is a part of the farmland protection process in the United States. For example, the Emerson Good Samaritan Act protects people/companies from liability for donated food products. It also protects nonprofits from liability for receiving these goods. All of this happens at the federal level. However, not all bills and regulations on the food industry are positive. Plus, we need more legislation or laws on the storage of produce and other perishable or fragile products for consumption. These products are the most likely to be wasted and if we could <strong>affect</strong> this issue, it may <strong>cause </strong>change to happen in the way we structure our sustainable legislation. One of the biggest problems is countries with large population sizes who export excess amounts of waste. China and India produce the most food waste of any country. This is most likely because they have the highest population size which proves that different countries and the laws of those countries greatly <strong>affect</strong> everything else. They could have some of the biggest <strong>impacts</strong> on food waste legislation. Big countries aren’t the only ones having issues with food sustainability though. Smaller or less developed countries also have a hard time with this issue. In Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, food waste skyrocketed because of rapid urbanization. Food waste from items bought by customers made up a giant portion of the waste from the city. The final issue is that people’s sewage and waste are not going through the right treatment process, so water could make people sick. In London, this has become an issue because of the pollution of their rivers through unfiltered sewage, but many countries around the world also have this problem. Countries such as India, Afghanistan, Congo, and more deal with sewage issues that could <strong>cause</strong> harm to the ecosystem. In conclusion, we need different legislation to fix these issues that are <strong>affecting</strong> people and countries around the world.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-04-20 02:48:37 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561019559</guid>
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         <title>Problems and Solutions for Food Waste</title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561024739</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>	One major way that we can solve this <strong>problem</strong> is by encouraging and finding ways to donate and help farmers to store different kinds of crops and produce. Farmers lose incredible amounts of produce and crops, so if we could help to find a <strong>solution</strong> to this <strong>problem</strong> then we could greatly reduce food waste. Food waste is a giant issue that should be more widely recognized. In fact, worldwide, food waste is enough to fuel fifty million houses or forty two power plants that are coal fired. On top of this, according to the <em>World Wildlife Fund</em>: “about 6%-8% of all human-caused greenhouse gas emissions could be reduced if we stop wasting food.” Another way that we can help to <strong>solve</strong> this <strong>issue</strong> is by buying products that help the environment. Things like solar panels, reusable plastic bags, and compost bins can really <strong>help</strong> when it comes to helping the environment. We also need to <strong>solve</strong> the legislation and laws around these issues. If we could convince lawmakers and politicians to <strong>help</strong> change some of the laws around food waste and sewage disposal, we could make a real impact on the environment and sustainability in general. We can also collectively make an effort to change these policies by protesting peacefully and drawing attention to things like farming and sewage that not everyone considers when they think of food waste <strong>issues</strong> or sustainability <strong>issues</strong>. Finally, you can create a personal plan for how you can <strong>help</strong>. Making a food plan can <strong>help</strong> you with your own food waste habits. Try considering what types of food you are eating and how that might <strong>help</strong> the environment and sustainability. Think about how many times you are eating meat products versus the amount of sustainably grown food you are eating. Finally, think about the steps that you could take in your everyday life to reach the goals that you set for yourself. In conclusion, if we can take steps towards the ecological goals that we are setting for ourselves and others, we can <strong>solve</strong> some of the <strong>problems</strong> of food sustainability that we have been facing.</div>]]></description>
         <enclosure url="" />
         <pubDate>2023-04-20 02:53:05 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561024739</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561031591</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-04-20 02:58:53 UTC</pubDate>
         <guid>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561031591</guid>
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         <title></title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561035573</link>
         <description><![CDATA[]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-04-20 03:02:09 UTC</pubDate>
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         <title>Works Cited</title>
         <author>tf28077</author>
         <link>https://padlet.com/tf28077/lsqr1k0t7qh9suqj/wish/2561047961</link>
         <description><![CDATA[<div>Buzby, Jean, editor. "Sustainability and Food Systems." <em>USDA.gov</em>, Jean Buzby, www.usda.gov/oce/sustainability/definitions#:~:text=The%20same%20FAO%20document%20describes,future%20generations%20are%20not%20compromised. Accessed 24 Mar. 2023.</div><div>Downs, Austin, and Richard Acevedo. "How Our Trash Impacts the Environment." <em>Earthday</em>, 28 Feb. 2019, www.earthday.org/how-our-trash-impacts-the-environment/#:~:text=The%20more%20emissions%20that%20we,birth%20weight%2C%20and%20preterm%20delivery. Accessed 30 Mar. 2023.</div><div>Fisher, Jonah. "Ending Sewage Dumping Will Mean Higher Water Bills - Report." <em>BBC</em>, www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-65028971. Accessed 24 Mar. 2023.</div><div>"From Farm to Kitchen: The Environmental Impacts of U.S. Food Waste." <em>EPA</em>, 28 Nov. 2022, www.epa.gov/land-research/farm-kitchen-environmental-impacts-us-food-waste#:~:text=Impacts%20include%3A%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions,to%20California%20and%20New%20York. Accessed 30 Mar. 2023.</div><div>Ho, Melissa, editor. "Fight Climate Change by Preventing Food Waste." <em>World Wildlife Fund</em>, Neville Isdell, 2023, www.worldwildlife.org/stories/fight-climate-change-by-preventing-food-waste#:~:text=And%20if%20food%20goes%20to,if%20we%20stop%20wasting%20food. Accessed 30 Mar. 2023.</div><div>Londre, Romi. "7 Ways to Reduce Food Waste in Your Kitchen." <em>Mayo Clinic Health System</em>, 4 June 2021, www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/7-ways-to-reduce-food-waste-in-your-kitchen. Accessed 30 Mar. 2023.</div><div>Longe, Jacqueline L. <em>The Gale Encyclopedia of Nutrition and Food Labels</em>. Enhanced Credo ed., Farmington Hills, Gale, Cengage Learning, 2017.</div><div>National Farm Worker Ministry. "Issues Affecting Farm Workers." <em>National Farm Worker Ministry</em>, nfwm.org/farm-workers/farm-worker-issues/#:~:text=Farm%20workers%20are%20among%20the,and%20adequate%20clean%20drinking%20water. Accessed 19 Apr. 2023.</div>]]></description>
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         <pubDate>2023-04-20 03:12:50 UTC</pubDate>
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