6.5-9 pounds, soft spots on the head, cries without tears, skin is sensitive

Motor-

Swallow, sucking, gagging, coughing, yawning reflexes present, while grasping and rooting start to develop, also begins to try tracking objects with eyes

Perceptual-Cognitive-

Blink eyes when fast approaching object is present, looks around even in the dark, starts to distinguish some taste

Speech and Language-

Primarily crying and fussing for communication, turns head to locate noise, shows preference for certain sounds

Social-Emotional-

Sleeps 17-19 hours, begins bonding with parents, likes to be held close and cuddled when awake

8-16 pounds, cries with tears, Skin is still sensitive, eyes begin to move in unison, frontal soft spot closes, rear becomes smaller

Motor-

begins to be able to hold head up and legs out, holds hands in open or semi-open position, can be put into sitting position with help and support, begins rolling from front to back

Perceptual-Cognitive-

Object permanence is established, ignores out of sight objects, begins to mouth objects

Speech and Language-

Reacts to sounds, coo's (ah, eh, uh), laughs out loud, begins to babble or coo when spoken to

Social-Emotional-

smiles in response to friendly faces, imitates, maintains, terminates and avoids interactions (looking away when being talked to)

begins to develop teeth, color vision comes, true eye color is established

Motor-

Sucking is voluntary, handles, shakes, and pounds objects together, sits without support, rolls front to back and back to front, pulls self into crawling position, may scoot backwards and learn to crawl forward

Perceptual-Cognitive-

Depth perception is developed, unable to deal with having multiple toys, everything goes in mouth

Speech and Language-

Responds to name and simple request (come, eat), expresses emotions, "Talks" to toys, imitates nonspeech sounds (coughing, tongue clicking)

Social-Emotional-

Stranger Anxiety begins, more outgoing and social in nature, establishes trust relationships with caregivers and parents, responds differently and appropriately to facial expressions

Soft spot on back of head begins to close, feet appear flat, legs look bowed, eyes work completely in unison

Motor-

can sit and shift positions without falling, begins pulling self-up to stand, standing and cruising (holding onto objects like couch in order to walk), crawls up and down stairs, stacks toys and objects, grabs items with one hand

Perceptual-Cognitive-

Begins showing understanding of some words, follow simple instructions, searches for hidden objects

Speech and Language-

nods head "yes" or "no", says mama and dada, wave bye-bye, hand toys to adult

Social-Emotional-

still have stranger anxiety, offers toys and objects to others, repeats behaviors to get attention

Body shape changes, teeth grow in quickly, visual acuity is almost 20/60

Motor-

gets to feet without aid, releases objects voluntarily, attempts to run, enjoys pushing/pulling while walking, uses crayons to scribble, sits in chair

Perceptual-Cognitive-

less toys in mouth, enjoy hidden object activities, can name some everyday objects, imitates gestures

Speech and Language-

uses one- or two-word sentences (more, daddy more), locates familiar object upon request

Social-Emotional-

less weary of strangers, plays alone for short period of time, recognizes self in mirror

Baby teeth all in, brain reaches 80% of adult size

Motor-

squats for long periods of play, walks and avoids obstacles, better able to run, climbs stairs unassisted, can open doors using doorknobs, use feet to propel wheeled riding toy (tricycle or bike), grasp large crayons with fist

Perceptual-Cognitive-

Begins to use object for purposes other than intended, names objects in picture books, recognizes and expresses pain

Speech and Language-

makes simple request, enjoys being read to if can participate, refers to self as "me" and "I" rather than name, asks "why" or "what's that"

Social-Emotional-

eager to help with household chores, shows much defiance