Strategic Estimate Group 1 by https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2 African Laborer's Strike, Namibia 1971-1972 en-us 2017-11-07 15:58:01 UTC 2017-11-13 04:07:09 UTC hello@padlet.com 6. Dependency Balances hdolce2015 https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/204593533 (Hudlie Dolce)
  • ½ of Namibia’s, then called “South-West Africa,” economy was dependent on the mining industry. (205)
  • Strike affected every major mine, involving 13,000 to 22,000 African workers. (205) 
  • Contracted laborers were dependent on the South-West Africa Native Labour Association which supplied housing, food, some clothing,  and travel expenses. (207)
Sharp, Gene. Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century Potential. Boston, MA: Extending Horizons Books, 2007.
]]> 2017-11-07 21:07:40 UTC https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/204593533 2. Issues & Objectives castillol2013 https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/204606088 (Laura Castillo)
Issues -
  • Oppressive labor control system in Namibia (205).
  • In the Police Zone,  an employee had no choice of jobs, nor voice concerning wages, working or living conditions (207). 
  • They traveled alone to place of employment and often times lived eight men to a room (207).
Objective -
  • Strike crippled the mining industry upon which the economy depended on (205). 
  • Better living conditions as well as higher wages. 
  • Often times they were separated from their families and so their was a desire to end that as well- freedom to bring families to live at or near work locations (211)
  • Freedom of the worker to sell his labor to the highest bidder and choose his own job (211)
  • Freedom to change jobs at any time (211)
  • Wages according to the type of work; not according to skin color (211)
  • Strikers also called for a new pass system, including tribal identity and recognition as citizens of South-West Africa.
Sharp, Gene. Waging the Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century  Potential. Boston, MA: Extending Horizons Books, 2007. 
]]> 2017-11-07 21:49:23 UTC https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/204606088 5. Third Parties alexisallen2014 https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/205047205 (Alexis Allen)
Friendly - 
  • International Court of Justice : 1971 ruled against South African control of the territory (207)
  • African Lutheran Churches: wrote letters supporting the International Court ruling (207) 
  • Dutch Reformed Church: called the contract labor system a "form of slavery" (207)
  • G. White, the Chief Bantu Commissioner for South-West Africa : tried to come to an agreement with the strikers (209)
  • Mr. Nangutuula : committee chairman for the strikers' (212)
  • United Nations Council for Namibia : conditions of contractual labor were "not satisfactory" (214)
Hostile - 
  • Police : arrested about 800 Africans claiming they were "illegal" (207)
  • Jan de Wet : supporter of contract labor. Said that agitators were trying to spark uprising so police reinforcements were sent. (211)
  • The Government: all together created the contract labor system as well as apartheid (205-215)
Sharp, Gene. Waging the Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century  Potential. Boston, MA: Extending Horizons Books, 2007. 
]]> 2017-11-08 20:30:57 UTC https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/205047205 4. Non-Violent Struggle Group fchowdhury2015 https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/205112582 (Farhan Chowdhury)
Ovambo Contract Laborers -
  • The Ovambo tribe make up 45% of Namibia's population. (206)
  • June 1971, International Court of Justice ruled against South African Rule of the territory. (207)
  • Caused deep unrest and strikes by the miners, upset by the contract labor system. (207) 
Ovamboland Council -
  • Spoke out against the contract labor system, insulting to the dignity of the Ovambo people. (211)
  • Endorsed the strikers. (211)
Sharp, Gene. Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century Potential. Boston, MA: Extending Horizons Books, 2007
   
]]> 2017-11-09 01:51:35 UTC https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/205112582 3. Opponent Groups adevine2012 https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/205132229 (Anne Devine)
Labor Control System -
  • run by the South-West Africa Native Labour Association (207)
  • enforces labor system hierarchy, pay scale, permits and identification (207) 
  • ultimately controlled by the South African government (205)
South-West African White Controlled  Business -
  • chiefly mining and other European-controlled businesses (205)
  • farmers and domestic employers (206)
South African Government -
  • white-controlled, apartheid system (205)
  • enforced residential areas for natives known as Bantustans (206)
  • imposes taxes that force migratory labor in "Police Zone" (206)
Opponent Group Allies -
  • police (207,211,213,214)
  • Portugese soldiers in Angola (212)
Sharp, Gene. Waging Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century Potential. Boston, MA: Extending Horizons Books, 2007.
]]> 2017-11-09 04:41:36 UTC https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/205132229 1. General Conflict Situation alyssajames2014 https://padlet.com/fchowdhury2015/lsb8m9csd9n2/wish/205457672 (Alyssa James)
Context -
  • Namibia, ruled by South Africa with its harsh apartheid system. (205) 
  • The country's economy was heavily dependent on the mining industry.(205)
  • Mining companies produced copper, lead, lithium, tin, vanadium, and diamonds. (206)
  • Largest ethnic group of Namibia, the Ovambos, situated 45% of the population. (206)
  • Various ethnic groups settled in tribal areas and needed to travel outside of those areas to find work. (206)
Sharp, Gene. Waging the Nonviolent Struggle: 20th Century Practice and 21st Century  Potential. Boston, MA: Extending Horizons Books, 2007. 

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