https://www.maastrichtuniversity.nl/bingtao-su

Eshel, Gidon, and Pamela A Martin. “Diet, Energy, and Global Warming.” Earth Interactions, 1 Apr. 2006, pp. 1–17, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1175/EI167.1.

Galli, Alessandro, et al. “Ecological Footprint: Implications for biodiversity.” Biological Conservation, May 2014, pp. 121–132, https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biocon.2013.10.019.

"We examined the GHG emissions associated with companion animals’ daily diets and the results demonstrate that all companion dogs and cats in Japan release 2.52 to 10.70 million tons of GHG through their diet in a year, which is equivalent to 1% to 4% (one to five million) Japanese people’s environmental impacts according to their annual diet" (Su).

2. Preparation...

3. Cooking and Extrusion...

4. Drying...

5. Coating...

6. Cooling...

7. Packaging" (Sebastien)

• It must be safe to eat (“Pet food”).

• Made in a clean environment (“Pet food”).

• Contains no harmful chemicals (“Pet food”).

• Labels on food must be accurate (“Pet food”).

Due to the lack of stricter regulations, salmonella can be found in pet food; from the pet eating, the food could pass the bacteria to its owner or other people (Nestle).

“Ecological Footprint Analysis” (EFA): The tool to estimate resource consumption and waste corresponding to productive land use (Ecological Footprint Analysis).

Dietary “Ecological Paw Print” (EPP): Similar to EF, dietary EPP is the land needed to produce animal food (Martens).

Bio-productive Land: This is land that is capable of supporting and sustaining the production of organic material (Glossary).

Maintenance Energy Requirement (MER): The amount of energy your body needs to keep the body in ​​homeostasis and active and moving (Mullis).

Resting Energy Requirement (RER): The amount of energy needed to keep the body in homeostasis (Estimated Energy Requirements).

“Ecological Footprint.” OED Oxford English Dictionary, www.oed.com/dictionary/ecological-footprint_n?tab=meaning_and_use.

“Estimated Energy Requirements.” Wilmot Veterinary Clinic, 2016.

“Glossary.” Global Footprint Network, 11 May 2020, www.footprintnetwork.org/resources/glossary/#:~:text=in%20global%20hectares.-,biologically%20productive%20land%20and%20water,patchy%20vegetation%20are%20not%20included.

Martens, Pim, et al. "The Ecological Paw Print of Companion Dogs and Cats." BioScience, vol. 69, no. 6, 2019, pp. 467-474, https://doi.org/10.1093/biosci/biz044.

Mullis, Rebecca A, et al. “Maintenance Energy Requirements of Odor Detection, Explosive Detection and Human Detection Working Dogs.” PeerJ, U.S. National Library of Medicine, 24 Feb. 2015, www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4349026/#:~:text=Maintenance%20energy%20requirements%20(MER)%20describe,metabolism%20and%20digestion%20of%20foods.

If the energy that is made in pet food was made into human food that would, this would equal “the entire energy requirement of almost 5 million Americans” (Okin).

"In one study carried out to investigate the market potential of cultivated meat in pet foods, it was found that although only 32.5 percent of people would consider eating cultivated meat themselves, 47.3 percent would be willing to feed cultivated meat to their pet" (Graham).

"[Pet's] size has an important impact on food consumption, as well as the dietary EPP and GHG emissions, the larger the dogs, the more the food consumption and the stronger the environmental impacts" (Su).