• 80% of the iron used in ironclads and railroads

• Weapons

• Ammunition

• Uniforms

• Ships and naval supplies

• Food 

• Coal

• Farmland

• Railroads across Pennsylvania were crucial for transporting troops and materials.

• Approximately 360,000 Pennsylvanian Soldiers fought for the Union, the second most out of all the states

Ultimately after 3 long days of fighting, the Union succeeded and won the Battle of Gettysburg. This battle was a turning point in the war; before this battle, the Confederates were confident that they would win the Civil War. After the battle however, they lost hope of becoming an independent nation. However, Meade did not follow the confederate army as they retreated. As a result, this was a lost opportunity to end the Civil War earlier.

“Four score and seven years ago our fathers brought forth on this continent a new nation, conceived in liberty, and dedicated to the proposition that all men are created equal. “Now we are engaged in a great civil war, testing whether that nation, or any nation so conceived and so dedicated, can long endure. We are met on a great battlefield of that war. We have come to dedicate a portion of that field as a final resting place for those who here gave their lives that that nation might live. It is altogether fitting and proper that we should do this. “But in a larger sense we cannot dedicate, we cannot consecrate, we cannot hallow this ground. The brave men, living and dead, who struggled here have consecrated it, far above our poor power to add or detract. The world will little note, nor long remember, what we say here, but it can never forget what they did here. It is for us the living, rather, to be dedicated here to the unfinished work which they who fought here have thus far so nobly advanced. It is rather for us to be here dedicated to the great task remaining before us,that from these honored dead we take increased devotion to that cause for which they gave the last full measure of devotion, that we here highly resolve that these dead shall not have died in vain, that this nation, under God, shall have a new birth of freedom, and that government of the people, by the people, for the people, shall not perish from the earth.”

• Born in Bellefonte, Pennsylvania

• 1817-1894

• Governor, appointed in October of 1860

•  Believed that secession was illegal. 

• Donated 3 million dollars to the commonwealth

• Created a training center to support the Union

• Organized 270 regiments in total

•  Called upon 427,286 Pennsylvanians to fight in the war (15% of Pennsylvania’s population)

•  Gave permission to the request of building a national cemetery

• He played a key part in supporting President Lincoln and the Union army

Around 10:00 a.m. that day, Union General Judson Kilpatrick's horsemen were involved with a confrontation against General Jeb Stuart's cavalry. The 18th Pennsylvania cavalry fought against the 13th virginia cavalry. Virginia was winning and eventually, the Pennsylvanians were pushed back to the town while Stuart's cavalry and the 2nd North Carolina Cavalry pursued. After General Elon Farnsworth became aware of the incident, he brought the 5th New York Cavalry to the battle and gained control. During this, Colonel William Henry Fitzhugh Payne of the 2nd North Carolina was captured by Farnsworth's soldiers.

Following this, additional Confederate and Union troops arrived at Hanover, set up their cannons, and continuously fired at one another. General George Custer also arrived with more soldiers from his Michigan brigade. His 6th Michigan cavalry was able to maneuver to the side of the Confederate line, causing the Confederates to withdraw from the battle. Stuart was forced to extend the formation of his unit, which resulted in his failure to reach General Robert E. Lee until July 2, 1863. This left Lee uninformed about the positions of the Union troops on the first 2 days of the Battle of Gettysburg. In the end, neither side won the Battle of Hanover.