Symptoms: vaginal discharge, tender enlarged lymph nodes, cold sores inside the mouth with may lead to pain when eating so the crocodile may stop eating and it will become underweight / undernourished which could lead to the crocodile getting other diseases and die. They would experience pain and itching, pain when urinating, high temperature. Treatment: it cannot cured but there is an anti-viral can lessen the symptoms

Iridoviruses is a virus and are Icosahedral. This basically means that the virus is non-enveloped. The virus causes necrosis of the tissues within the kidney, liver and spleen. It can also attack the animal’s red blood cells and therefore cause anaemia. This disease have been seen to affect amphibians, reptiles, insects and fish. Its poorly understood how this virus is passed on but it’s believe that invertebrate iridoviruses may be transmitted via cannibalism, endoparasitic wasps or parasitic nematodes. This virus can cause life threatening infections. 

The Ranavirus is commonly found in flat tail geckos, box turtles and green tree pythons. This virus causes lesions to form on the mouth, nasel area, tongue and in the liver. It can also cause necrosis of the liver, similar to iridovirus. 

Bovine spongiform encephalopathy:
BSE is a neurodegenerative disease, it is a part of a group of diseases called a prion. This disease affects the brain of the animal and can cause an array of symptoms. An animal that is showing outward symptoms of this disease could live a further 2-6 months, however it may have been carrying the disease for several years as it has a long incubation period (around 30 months to 8 years). This disease is caused by the bovine being fed various raw meats (sheep, goats and other cattle). This process takes place by the abnormal protein linked to BSE gets spread from the slaughtered, diseased animal and into the healthy one. This then infects the brain cells and this in turn causes the now infected brain to develop various holes, making the brain look like a sponge. Symptoms of this disease can vary from behavioural abnormalities to coordination issues. Things like becoming aggressive, trouble standing, weight loss, erratic behaviour and decreased milk production. There is no treatment for this disease, the infected animal(s) will have to be isolated and then destroyed. 
 

Anaplasmosis:
This is caused by the bacterium Anaplasma phagocytophilum, it is a Alphaproteobacteria. This is an infectious blood disease caused by the rickesttsial parasites Anaplasma marginale and Anaplasma centrale – it is also known as yellow fever. This parasite infects the red blood cells and causes severe anaemia. The symptoms of anaplasmosis can range but usually appear as; jaundice, anaemia, fever, breathlessness, weight loss, uncoordinated movement and even death. The incubation of this disease can be between two weeks to three months but will average around 4 weeks. The adult bovine population are actually more susceptible than the younger calves. To treat this disease blood transfusions are sometimes crucial, Tetracycline will often be used for clinical anaplasmosis, however it cannot be used in every country so Doxycycline is also used . Herd treatment with oxytetracycline injection every 3 to 4 weeks during high risk times may be necessary and animals will likely require a lot of supportive treatment. Once the animal is fully recovered it will remain a carrier of this disease for life. 

Avian influenza 

Avian influenza refers to the disease caused by infection with avian influenza which is a Type A viruses. 

Symptoms of avian influenza include the following: 

Neurological signs such as: 

            -tremors 

            - Seizures 

            - Loss of balance 

            -swimming in circles 

            - Head twitches 

Respiratory signs: 

-       Foaming at the mouth 

-       Fluid in the nostrils and around the mouth 

-       Difficulty breathing 

-       Sticky mucus in the mouth 

 Causes of avian influenza include:

-       Since avian influenza is contagious when birds migrate it can be spread this way. 

-       Direct contact with other birds. If birds have avian influenza they should be separated from other birds to prevent it from spreading. 

-       Nasal discharge 

-       Faeces 

 Treatment of influenza 

-       Separation 

-       Quarantined 

-       Tests 

-       Treatment is dependent on birds 

 Prevention 

 A vaccine has been developed to prevent avian influenza, but its success in birds isn’t well relied on. So it is important to prevent exposure and contact with infected birds. 

Quarantining the infected birds and thoroughly disinfecting the environment, will also prevent the avian influenza from spreading. 

 

Causes
Two major causes of parasites are being fed wild insects and a lack of clean hygiene. The most commonly occurring parasites include the likes of protozoa, nematodes, trematodes, and cryptosporidium. 

How to Identify 

To check whether parasites are present, you need to give your vet a fresh dropping. This should consist of a whitish urate component and brownish excrement. You can use a plastic container or glass to collect this. Once you have done this, you need to immediately place it in a container so as to prevent desiccation (removal of moisture). Next, refrigerate it until you are ready to take it to the vet for checking. Some parasites will be invisible to the naked eye which is why you need a veterinarian’s help. 

 

How to Prevent 

Some parasites such as protozoa are very difficult to treat, so prevention is important. The best way to do this is to maintain a strict enclosure hygiene. You should also continuously check the kind of feeders that you are giving your pet. Avoid giving them wild insects and instead purchase your insects online or locally. 

Burmese pythons are the main carriers of  Inclusion Body Disease (IBD)is a retrovirus infection similar to AIDS and presents it's self as neurological signs. IBD is a slow, progressive disease characterised by recurring bouts of respiratory infections like pneumonia and involvement of opportunistic bacteria.
Signs are tremors, seizures, vision loss, loss of tongue control, head tilting, abnormal body positioning, holding the head up for long periods (stargazing syndrome), arching of the head, and the inability to right itself when turned upside down.  A loss of muscle tone throughout the body and signs of bloating and constipation related to the loss of muscle function may be shown.
 Affected snakes may be contagious before signs are seen, which puts all other snakes that are in contact with it at risk. This is why all new snakes should be quarantined for several months before being added to a collection. Once clinical signs do present, affected snakes should be immediately and strictly quarantined.
 IBD can be treated to some extent, but it is incurable; euthanasia is frequently the only course of action.

·         Vomiting

·         Depression

·         Bloody diarrhoea 

·         Hypovolemia 

·         Hemoconcentration

·         Hypovolemic shock

·         White blood cell count

·         death

Treatment of Haemorrhagic Enteritis is to keep fluids as high as possible, using intravenous fluid therapy. The vomiting and diarrhoea can be treated symptomatically and can usually resolve after one to two days. Some antibiotics can be used and using aggressive treatment, the prognosis is good. 

Tyzzers disease: Symptoms
Rough hair coat.
Depression.
Loss of appetite
Watery diarrhoea
Dehydration