https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92 en-us 2018-05-11 05:53:10 UTC 2018-05-18 05:27:53 UTC hello@padlet.com https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259858785 (Group 1's presentation)
Autosomal Dominance requires only one allele for phenotypic expression whereas autosomal recessive inheritance requires 2 copies of the recessive allele for the diseased phenotype to be expressed, 1 copy will result in no phenotypic expression but rather result in the person being a carrier.

The major cause of colorectal cancer is from mutations, mainly nonsense or frameshift mutations in the Adenomatous Polyposis coli gene. This gene encodes for wnt-signalling pathway and intercellular adhesion.]]> 2018-05-11 06:25:28 UTC https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259858785 https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259858946 (Group 2)
Chemical adhesion molecules found on benign tumors help limit growth (tumor supressor) and adhere to surface which the malignant tumors do not posses.

Genetic predisposition only causes an increase likelihood of cancer (10-15%)  and not cause the cancer]]> 2018-05-11 06:27:29 UTC https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259858946 https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259862941 (Group 3's presentation)
Predisposition is only an increased likelihood, not a confirmation of cancer. Bad lifestyle habits and environmental factors also lead to cancer.

Some patients do not have an APC mutation even though they have a family history of FAP. This could be due to
1) mutation being present at intron or promoter region
2) mutation of MUTYH gene, which causes autosomal recessive FAP. 
3) child inherits both healthy alleles from parents
4) removal of mRNA containing mutation 
5) mutation at 5' UTR or 3' poly A tail of mRNA



]]> 2018-05-11 07:06:29 UTC https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259862941 https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259866386 -Three categories of genes when mutated will lead to cancer;
1. Proto-oncogenes :
Becomes oncogenes leads to uncontrolled proliferation of cells. 
2. Tumor Suppressor genes : 
encode proteins that inhibit cell proliferation, requires loss of more than 1 mutation
3. DNA Repair genes:
Involved in DNA repair, prevent accumulation of mutations. Mutations cause cancer by preventing this

- APC is a tumor suppressor gene, binds to beta catenin and degrades it. Without APC, cell division would not be regulated and cause cancer

- Recommendations : Go for regular colonoscopies, early detection allows for effective treatment

]]> 2018-05-11 07:36:01 UTC https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259866386 https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259868081 Group 4:
- APC binds to B-catenin and cause degradation. When APC gene is mutated, binding ability is decreased.

-B-catenin complexes with Tcf-4 which activates other growth-promoting genes. Hence, increase in B-catenin levels can cause uncontrolled cell proliferation]]> 2018-05-11 07:47:31 UTC https://padlet.com/linchiou/llr3wpr7kx92/wish/259868081